新教材2021-2022学年人教版英语选择性必修第三册学案：UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE 预习 新知早知道 WORD版含解析.doc

1、.匹配词义a单词匹配()1.abuseAvt.激发；促进；刺激()2.dominateBn.解放；摆脱()3.rewardCadj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的()4.negativeDvt.跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳n蹦跳()5.disciplineEvt.increase the quality or value()6.liberation Fn.& vt.make bad use of；treat with cruelties()7.skip Gvt.& vi.control or have a lot of influence over sb./sth.()8.s

2、timulate Hn.& vt.the controlled behaviour; a system of rules()9.dynamic In.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬()10.enhance Jadj.消极的；有害的；否定的答案15FGIJH610BDACEb短语匹配()1.shave offA回答；答复()2.worn outB依赖；依靠；信赖()3.stressed outC立即；马上()4.be absorbed inD决定；选定()5.straight awayE下定决心()6.be composed of F由组成(或构成)的()7.make up ones

3、 mind G剃掉；刮去()8.rely on H焦虑不安；心力交瘁()9.in response to I筋疲力尽的；疲惫的()10.decide on J全神贯注于；专心于答案15GIHJC610FEBAD.默写单词1tobacco n烟草；烟叶2psychology n.心理学；心理；心理影响3cue n.提示；暗示；信号 vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示)4facilitate vt.促进；促使；使便利5surgeon n.外科医生6drug n.毒品；药物7dizzy adj.头晕目眩的8sugary adj.含糖的；甜的9comedy n.喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目10refresh vt

4、.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新.选词填空dizzy；negative；refresh；enhance；abuse；dynamic；liberation；facilitate；discipline；skip1Many people died during famines every year before liberation2The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline3The whole experience was definitely more positive than negative4The new trade

5、 agreement should facilitate more rapid economic growth.5She abused her position as principal by giving jobs to her friends.6They had stopped by a spring to refresh themselves.7They saw the man with a little girl skipping along behind him.8Her head still hurt，and she felt slightly dizzy9He seemed a

6、dynamic and energetic leader.10Theyll be keen to enhance their reputation abroad.语法填空之派生词1Alcoholic(alcohol) drinks can have a bad effect on your body.2This is a physical(physics)change，not a chemical one.3She repeatedly(repeated) urged her son not to tell anyone about the secret.4On closer examinat

7、ion(examine) it was found that the signature was not genuine.5They appeared surprisingly pessimistic(pessimism)about their chances of winning.6The breakup of their marriage was an enormous liberation(liberate)for her.7He had to refresh(fresh)his memory by looking at his notes.8I made an appointment

8、to see a specialist(special)9He was a consultant(consult) to the Swedish government.10Do you eat sweets，cakes or sugary(sugar) snacks?1These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。2Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms

9、 a habit that is much harder to change.很快，这种选择就会自动形成一种很难改变的习惯。3The good news is that we can change，if we understand how habits work.好消息是如果我们理解了习惯是如何运作的，我们就能做出改变。4To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits，we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，

10、我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。5Many of us try to change bad habits quickly，and if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up.我们中的许多人试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果我们不能马上成功，我们往往会变得悲观而放弃。词语助读independent adj.自主的，有主见的unchecked adj.不加约束的，不受限制的，放任的become/be involved in使卷入，使陷入tobacco or alcohol ab

11、use过度吸烟或饮酒tobacco n烟草；烟叶alcohol n酒；酒精abuse n滥用；虐待；辱骂vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂physical and mental health身心健康physical adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的prevent.from.阻止/预防同义stop/discourage/keep.from.dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势domination n支配，统治；(被)控制recognise vt.意识到，承认repeatedly adv.重复地the sum of.的总和sum n和，总和，总数automatic adj.无意识的；自动

12、的psychology n心理学；心理；心理影响cue n提示；暗示；信号vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示)act as充当，起作用in response to回答；答复reward n回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬rely on依赖；依靠；信赖rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖facilitate vt.促进；促使；使便利examine vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验adapt在此意为“调整”。negative adj.消极的；有害的；否定的反义positive adj.积极的aside from.除以外escalator n自动扶梯；滚梯ride an escalator乘自动扶梯

13、take the stairs走楼梯straight away立即；马上pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的反义optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的discipline n自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚pill n药丸；药片delete button删除键delete vt.删去；删除decide on决定；选定人物小传亚里士多德(Aristotle)，古希腊人，世界古代史上伟大的哲学家、科学家和教育家，堪称希腊哲学的集大成者，与他的老师柏拉图一样，被称为西方哲学之父。马克思曾称亚里士多德是古希腊哲学家中最博学的人物，恩格斯称他是“古代的黑格尔”。原文

14、呈现HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLEAs teenagers grow up1，they become more independent and start making their own decisions.However，during this period，it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits，if left unchecked2，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.For exampl

15、e，some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse，which can lead to physical and mental health problems.To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenagers life is essential.They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.1此处为As引导的时间状语从句，表示“随着”。2此

16、处是if引导的条件状语从句的省略，将其补全则是if these bad habits are left unchecked。To change bad habits is never easy，even with many attempts.There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle3：“We are what we repeatedly do.”In many ways，our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made.We make a choice to do

17、something，and then we repeat it over and over again.Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.The good news is that we can change，if we understand how habits work.3此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a famous saying。According to modern psychology，we must first learn about the“h

18、abit cycle”， which works like this：Firstly，there is a“cue”，an action，event，or situation that acts as a signal to do something.Secondly，there is a“routine”，the regular action you take in response to the cue.Thirdly，there is the“reward”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.For example，whe

19、n we feel unhappy(cue)，we eat lots of unhealthy snacks(routine)，which makes us feel happy (reward)4The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle，and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.4此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，其中又包含了“make宾语宾补”结构，宾补为feel happy。To facilitate a positive chan

20、ge in our bad habits，we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.For example，we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive.So，when we feel unhappy again(c

21、ue)，rather than eat snacks，we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine)，which will make us feel relaxed(reward)Aside from changing bad habits，we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits.For example，when we come to an escalator (cue)，our normal routine is to ride it，but

22、we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.Many of us try to change bad habits quickly，and if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up.In fact，the most successful way to change is not suddenly，but over a period of time.As

23、 the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote5，“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”One step seems small，but it is essential.To reach the goal of change，a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps.After all，it is not easy to break bad habits.5As在此引导非限制性定语从句，A

24、s指代整个主句的内容。For young people，there is plenty of time to change bad habits.However，there is no“magic pill”or delete button that will help you；you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes.You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits！译文参考健康的生活习惯青少年在成长过程中

25、，变得更加独立并且开始自己做决定。不过，一些人在这期间容易养成不良习惯。这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。预防诸如此类的有害习惯影响青少年的生活是至关重要的。他们必须尽早意识到不良习惯，并做出恰当的改变。改变不良习惯并非易事，甚至尝试多次也未必能够成功。有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”在很多方面，我们的生活方式就是我们所作选择的总和。我们选择做某事，然后一遍一遍重复。很快，这种选择就会自动形成一种很难改变的习惯。好消息是，如果我们理解了习惯是如何工作的，我们就能做出改变。

26、根据现代心理学，首先我们必须了解“习惯环”。它的运作原理如下：第一，“提示”，即一个行为、事件或情况，充当做某事的信号。第二，“惯例”，即你根据提示所采取的常规行动。第三，“奖励”，即我们从惯例中得到的美好事物或感觉。例如，当我们感到不开心的时候(提示)，会吃很多不健康的零食(惯例)，这让我们感到开心(奖励)。奖励让我们更有可能继续这个循环，并养成依赖不健康零食的不良习惯。想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。通过将习惯环中的信息与我们自己的积极想法相结合，我们可以改变这些习惯。比如，我们可以尝试用更积极的东西来取代消极惯例。所以，当我们再次感到

27、不开心时(提示)，与其吃零食，不如听一些我们最喜欢的音乐(惯例)，这会使我们感到放松(奖励)。除了改变不良习惯，我们也可以用习惯环来创造好习惯。例如，当我们走到自动扶梯前时(提示)，通常的惯例是乘电梯，但是我们可以改成走楼梯，把这个惯例变得更为积极。我们中的许多人试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果我们不能马上成功，我们往往会变得悲观而放弃。事实上，最成功的改变方式不是瞬间完成的，而是需要花费一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”一步看似微小，却至关重要。为了达到改变的目的，人们必须表现出一些自制力，反复迈出诸多小步。毕竟，改掉不良习惯并非易事。对年轻人来说，他们拥有充足的时间去改变不良习惯。然而，并没有“魔法药丸”或删除键会帮助你，你必须思考你的不良习惯并决定做出一些改变。你有能力打造充满好习惯的快乐又健康的生活！