新教材2021-2022学年人教版英语选择性必修第四册学案：UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION 教学 知识细解码 WORD版含答案.doc

1、1extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长extended adj.伸出的，伸展的；延长的；持续的2negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商negotiation n协商，谈判3murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏n.谋杀；凶杀murderer谋杀犯；杀人凶手4withdraw vi.& vt. (使)撤回；撤离withdrawal n. 收回；取回；撤回；撤退；撤走5mercy n仁慈；宽恕；恩惠merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的1merchant n商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的The merchants of Arab are doing the

2、ir things all of the world.n.商人He is a wholesale merchant.n.批发商This is a merchant ship of 5，000 tons.adj.海上货运的2negotiate vt. 商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商Weve decided to negotiate a loan with them. vt.商定He negotiated a new contract with the sellers. vt.达成(协议)Are the employers really willing to negotiate？vi.

3、谈判3bond n纽带；关系 vt.& vi. 增强信任关系；使牢固结合You need a strong adhesive to bond wood to metal.vt.使牢固结合The team has bonded together well.vi.增强信任关系The experience created a very special bond between us. n纽带；关系Words and Phrasesset sail起航；开航教材原句P26However，merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east t

4、o west many years before Columbus first did.然而，在哥伦布首次启航之前的许多年，东方的商人和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。例1We made a great deal of money，so we decided that it was time to set sail for home.我们大赚了一笔，因此我们决定该是启程回家的时候了。例2The biggest problem with the Titanic wasnt that the captain was expecting a safe journey when he set sail.

5、泰坦尼克号最大的问题并不是船长在启航时期待一次安全的旅程。知识拓展set sail for开船往，动身往set sail from 从启航at full sail(s) 开足马力，张起所有的帆，高速前进go for a sail 乘船游览即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Christopher Columbus set sail for the New World in the Santa Maria.A big ship ploughed the sea at full sail.Lets go for a sail this afternoon. On this date in 1492，Ch

6、ristopher Columbus set sail from Palos，Spain，on a voyage that would take him to the presentday America.在1492年的今天，克里斯托弗哥伦布从西班牙的帕洛斯启航，这次航行将把他带到现在的美洲。extend vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长教材原句P26A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka)以锡兰

7、(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。例1During the epidemic outbreak，China extended its helping hand to many other countries around the world.在这次流行病爆发期间，中国向世界上许多别的国家伸出了援助之手。例2 The meeting extended late into the night.会议继续到深夜。知识拓展(1)extend from.to.从延伸到extend out 伸出extend through. 贯穿；达到整个的长度extend to 延长到exte

8、nd by 延长了(2)extension n. 延伸，扩展即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The tourist season extends from May to October.The girls competed for it，their hands extended out into the air.I mean to be talking about a single thing that was extended through time.The teacher extended the deadline of our paper by twentyfour hours.老师把我

9、们论文的最后期限延长了二十四小时。negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商教材原句P26Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each others cultures.在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。例1Rents are individually negotiated between landlord and tenant.

10、租金由房东和房客单独协商。例2 When you enter a secondhand shop，do not care about the price tag，it often shows the owner is prepared to negotiate.当你走进一家二手商店时，不要在意标价签。那通常表示店主准备和你砍价。知识拓展(1)negotiate with sb.for/about sth.negotiate sth.with sb.与某人商议/谈判某事negotiate for 为谈判negotiate into 通过谈判使进入(2)negotiation n. 谈判；磋商；协

11、商under negotiation 在商讨中即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子We are negotiating for the release of the prisoners.Ill negotiate with their coach on the date of the match.So what is the best way to negotiate your way into a mobile work lifestyle? Why dont you negotiate directly with him and solve this issue once and for all

12、? 您为什么不直接与他进行协商，一劳永逸地解决这个问题？league n等级；水平；联合会；联赛教材原句P26These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time.这些船队在当时蔚为壮观，独领风骚。例1He was so complicated，just someone way out of her league.他是那么老于世故，与她完全是两路人。例2She was in league with her mother to embarrass me.她和她母亲联合起来叫我下不了台。

13、知识拓展in a different league另一类型的人(物)in league with 和联合，和勾结in the same league as 同一档次(等级)out of sb.s league 不是某一类人即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子He is a bit out of your league.He is privately in league with some bandits.As a woodworker，Bill wishes he were in the same league as Carl，who is a master carpenter.作为一名木工，比尔希

14、望他能和卡尔水平相当，成为像他一样的木匠大师。withdraw vi.&vt.(使)撤回；撤离教材原句P26Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433，these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。例1In order not to be disturbed he wanted to

15、withdraw his name from the guest list.为了不被打扰，他想从客人名单中撤回自己的名字。例2He didnt withdraw his remarks and apologize.他既没收回发言，也没道歉。知识拓展(1)withdraw from从撤出，撤回withdraw money from the bank 从银行取款withdraw ones eyes from 把视线从移开(不再看)withdraw a remark 收回发言(2)withdrawal n. 收回；取回；撤回；撤退；取款即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Tell the men to w

16、ithdraw from their new position.Id like to withdraw 1，000 dollars from my savings account and put it in my cheque account.He has made several withdrawals(withdraw) from his bank account. He was forced to withdraw from the competition due to injury. 由于受伤，他不得不退出比赛。bond n纽带；关系 vt.&vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合教材原句P2

17、7The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。例1A strong spiritual bond exists between them.他们俩在精神上紧密地结合在一起。例2 This glue makes a goo

18、d firm bond.这种胶水粘得很结实。知识拓展bond between之间的联系bond.to 把粘在上；使结合即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Theres a bond between the twins.Silver overlay is bonded to the entire surface. In half a dozen words，he had explained the bond that linked them between them他用了六七个字就解释清楚了他们之间的关系。in hand在手头；可供使用教材原句P27Hundreds of years on，and w

19、ith the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。例1I havent any money in hand.我手头一分钱都没有。例2 Having enough data in hand，we can set out to carry

20、out our plan as scheduled.手头有了足够的资料，我们可以按照安排开始执行我们的计划了。知识拓展at hand在手边，在附近by hand 由人工，用人力hand in hand 手牵手，携着手go hand in hand with 与共同行动；与相配合； 与一致；与结合在一起out of hand 无法控制，不可收拾即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Soon school will end and the vacation will be at hand.Higher returns and higher risk usually go hand in hand.Even

21、 for personal letters，Id rather use a computer than write by hand即使是写私人信件，我也愿意用电脑而不愿用手写。Sentence Patternswhat引导名词性从句教材原句P26In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road. 在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的 “丝绸之路”。句式分析

22、：句中what became known as the Silk Road为what引导的名词性从句，作介词along的宾语。例1Theyve done what they can to help her.他们已经尽力帮助了她。例2 He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的那个样子了。知识拓展what在名词性从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。该从句在结构上相当于“the名词定语从句”。即学即练完成句子用what引导的名词性从句We now live in what is called the Information Age.我们现在生活在所谓的信息时代。What w

23、e cant get seems better than what we already have我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。China is no longer what it used to be ten years ago.中国不再是十年前的样子了。 as引导非限制性定语从句教材原句P26Over the centuries，further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Huans Record of My Travels in th

24、e eighth century. 几个世纪间，随着贸易的发展，对中国以西地区的探索増多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的经行记一书中有所记载。句式分析：句中as recorded in Du Huans Record of My Travels in the eighth century是关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容。例1As is known to the United States，Mark Twain is a great American writer.美国人都知道，马克吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。例2He forgot to bring his pen with

25、 him，as was often the case.他忘了带笔，这是常有的事。知识拓展(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代整个主句的内容，置于主句的前、中、后均可，意为“正如”。(2)as在非限制性定语从句中作主语时，通常可用it作形式主语，后接that引导的主语从句或用what引导的主语从句来转换。即学即练完成句子/一句多译This man，as you know，is good for nothing.这个人，正如你所知道的，一事无成。As I told you before，this is also part of your work.正如我曾告诉过你的，这也是你工作的一部分。Ein

26、stein，as is well known，is a famous scientist. It is well known that Einstein is a famous scientist. What is well known is that Einstein is a famous scientist.众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。1教材原句P26Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of ea

27、ch others cultures.分析句中不定式短语to negotiate trade deals 作目的状语，which also led to more awareness of each others cultures 为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。译文在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。 2教材原句P27Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times，there are still many other

28、places left to explore.分析句中Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times 为although引导的让步状语从句；不定式短语to explore作名词places的后置定语。译文尽管郑和所航行的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。教材高考1.The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and

29、 strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.(2020全国卷) It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.2.Marco Polos tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. (2019全国卷)I once wrote a paper on the infl

30、uence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.3.In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road. (2020江苏卷) He proved that its not what happens to u

31、s that determines our lives its what we make of what happens.4.A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). (2019全国卷) Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.单句语法填空1The fam

32、ily was forced to live on credit from local merchants (merchant)2We have protected our unity and struggled to perfect our union by extending (extend) basic rights to all our people.3The party in office has to negotiate with the parties out of office over this proposal.4As a painter he is in a league

33、 of his own.5She quickly withdrew(withdraw) her hand from the hot iron which had damaged her skin.6There are four specialized radio channels(channel)，which broadcast different kinds of programmes.7I hesitated，not wanting to tell tales(tale) about my colleague.8I saw them making their way，hand in han

34、d，down the path.短语填空set sail；in a league of ones own；withdraw from；in hand；negotiate with1While passengers love to complain about taxi drivers，the drivers of New York are in a league of their own2Sylvia，camera in hand，asked，“Where do we go first？”3The liner will set sail for New York at once.4A back

35、 injury forced her to withdraw from the game.5The trade union is negotiating with the employers to get a better contract now. .课文语法填空In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along 1.what became known as the Silk Road.A trading route across the sea was

36、 also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，2.centred(centre) around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka)Between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and 3.exploration (explore)Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail 4.from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the

37、 mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa.The ancient sea 5.routes(route) travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road，6.which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.The aim of this initiative is 7.to encourage(encourage) cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and 8.strengthen(strength) the bonds between China and the rest of the world.In recent years，China 9.has joined(join) other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic in order to understand climate change and 10.its(it) effects.