2022年新教材高考英语一轮复习 UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES训练（含解析）新人教版必修第三册.doc

1、UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURESA卷小题夯基练.语境填词1The crash occurred(发生) when the crew shut down the wrong engine by mistake.2This finding really challenged a previous claim (宣称) that people tend to use suffixes to change the meaning of words.3Love it or hate it, there is no escape (逃脱) from social media because

2、we have become more accustomed to being constantly connected. 4An exchange student started several projects to build a more diverse(多样的) and inclusive society, in the hope of bringing a positive impact to international students. 5This spring, the Agricultural Development Bank of China strengthened i

3、ts financial(财务的) support to lighten the impact of the pandemic(疫情) on farmers.6Failure was common, especially for beginners, so I sought(寻求) the help of my professor.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2020全国卷)Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune(fortunate) and wealth.2(江

4、苏卷)This complete but brief historical collection(collect) is certain to entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new!3Their divorce settlement(settle) was delayed by a year because their lawyer spent a lot of time arguing about legal de

5、tails.4Highspeed railway construction(construct) will benefit the economy and the development of technology.5The players selected(select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.6China is facing an increasing financial(finance) burden because of the rapid growth of

6、 its elderly population.7Some teachers suggested that the rubber(橡胶) surface might give off a poisonous(poison) gas in high summer temperatures.8Scientists from Harvard University, US, have made a container(contain) using a special kind of plastic mixed with tiny pieces to store food.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1

7、个适当的单词)1Recently, it is claimed that they have discovered a cure for the disease.2Fortunately, the woman had a narrow escape from a serious car accident yesterday.3Mike sought help from his friends when he was in trouble, but they turned him down.4It took the combined efforts of both the press and t

8、he public to bring about a change in the law.5Two days later I headed to my new school for the first day of class.选词填空head to, seek ones fortune, earn a living, a series of, apart from, bring about, (at) first hand1Education is one of the most important means of bringing about changes in world popul

9、ation.2Realizing we were short of time, we took the luggage and checked out, hurriedly heading to the airport.3After the thoughtprovoking(发人深省的) lecture, the students have put forward a series of questions. 4Designing websites is becoming a common way of earning a living among college students with

10、free time, especially among those who are techsavvy (技术大咖)5Conducting research in the North Pole is significant, but living in the area is not easy because apart from the weather conditions, polar bear attacks are also a threat.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1种上许多树和花后，我们的学校看上去更美了。Many trees and flowers planted, our

11、school looks even more beautiful.(独立主格结构)2我很有可能会被我梦想的大学录取。It is likely that I would be admitted into my dream university3他是班上唯一一个被选入参加英语竞赛的人。He is the only student in the class that has been selected to take part in the English Contest.4The guests are reminded to take everything which belongs to the

12、m before leaving the hotel.The guests are reminded to take everything_belonging to them before leaving the hotel. (分词短语作定语)5我突然想起我应该提前给他打个电话。It suddenly occurred to me that I should call him in advance.(occur)It suddenly struck me that I should call him in advance.(strike)It suddenly hit me that I s

13、hould call him in advance.(hit)B卷大题提能练.阅读理解(2021广州高三阶段训练)The Silk Road is arguably the most famous longdistance trade route of the ancient world.This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East, and allowed the exchange of goods, technology, and ideas between the two civilizations.Al

14、though merchants could make huge profits traveling on the road, it was not without risk.The main Silk Road started in Changan (known today as Xian), the early Han Dynastys capital.Travelers commencing their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across Chinas northwe

15、stern provinces.After this, they would face the Gobi Desert, arguably the greatest danger of the Silk Road.The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth.This feature made it easier for traders to travel across, compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklim

16、akan Desert.Like other deserts, the Gobi Desert is dry and hot, and therefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was obtaining enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink.These places also promoted

17、the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst the travelers who stopped there.Usually, the rest stops were placed within a days journey of each other.In this way, travelers could avoid spending too much time in the desert, which would make them be targets for robbers, another danger of the Silk Roa

18、d.Once through the Gobi Desert, travelers would continue their journey into Iran, Turkey, and finally Europe.While this part of the journey may have been less dangerous, it is not entirely without peril.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。作为古代最出名的商道，丝绸之路让商人们可以经此挣钱， 但也伴随着种种风险。1The underlined word “it” in the first paragr

19、aph refers to “_”Amaking huge profitsBtraveling on the Silk RoadCexchanging goods and ideasDconnecting different civilizationsB解析：代词指代题。本句是一个主从复合句，前半句为让步状语从句，前后形成转折， 表示尽管穿行丝绸之路的商人可以获得高收益， 但这也不是没有危险的，且下文讲到的危险也都与行走在丝绸之路上相关，所以it指代的应该是“行走在丝绸之路上”，故选B。2Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other de

20、serts?AThe deserts surface was easier to walk on.BCamels for transportation were easier to find.CIt was smaller and could be crossed in less time.DThere were more natural water sources available.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth.This

21、feature made it easier for traders to travel across”可知，戈壁滩之所以较好穿越是由于其地面较为坚硬、好走。故选A。 3What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert?AThey offered travelers free accommodation.BThey were located around the edges of the desert.CTravelers staying there were often attacked by criminals.DThey

22、were shared by travelers from different countries.D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“These places also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst the travelers who stopped there.”可推知，休息处接待来自不同国家的旅客，促进货物交换，思想交流，故选D。4What is the passage mainly about?AThe origins of the Silk Road.BThe benefits of the Silk

23、Road.CThe difficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.DThe cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.C解析：主旨大意题。根据文章结构可知，作者在第一段给出了中心句“Although merchants could make huge profits traveling on the road, it was not without risk.”，在中间几段讲述了商旅们在戈壁滩上面临的困难以及其他危险， 最后一段再次强调即使过了戈壁滩， 但还有其他危险等待着他们，故选C。.七选五(2021烟台

24、诊断性测试)The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986.When a new McDonalds was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food.We want slow food！”1_One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal.But

25、the food didnt taste the same as he remembered.He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low.This deeply concerned Carlo.Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special.So he started a group to encourage

26、this idea.It soon became the Slow Food Movement.2._First, what is good food? Good food is fresh.The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown.The fish hasnt been sitting for days before it is eaten.Good food is seasonable.3._Good food satisfies the senses.It should look good, smel

27、l good and taste good.And finally, good food is cultural food.Each country has special foods that make it different.Second, food should be clean.Today, there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food.Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants. But the chemicals can als

28、o harm the natural environment around farms. 4._ Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment.And third, food should be fair.5._All people should be able to purchase healthy food.The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work.They should work in safe

29、, healthy conditions.AFood should not cost too much money.BIts goal is to have good, clean, fair food for all people.COver time, they can cause health problems in people too.DThat was how the Slow Food Movement came into being.EIt should be grown at the best time of the year for that food.FToday the

30、 Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy.GThis event wasnt the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了兴起于意大利的“慢食运动”及其目的。1G解析：上文提到当一家快餐店在历史名城罗马附近开业后，一些人坚决抵制而发起了“慢食运动”；下文是卡洛彼得里尼在餐馆尝出来自国外的辣椒的口感与他记忆中的不同而集结了一群人并发起了“慢食运动”。所以空处应该是说除了前面提到的那件事，还有一件事促使“慢食运动”的兴起。故G项符合语境

31、。2B解析：本段说明卡洛彼得里尼发起了“慢食运动”，下面三段分层次说了食物应该质量优良、清洁和价格合理。故此空填B选项，说明该运动的目的是让人们有质量优良、清洁、价格合理的食物，且B选项与下文对应。3E解析：空前说好的食物应该是合时令的。所以此空应该与食物生长的时令有关，故E项符合语境。4C解析：空前说化学物质会损害农场周围的自然环境。下文说清洁的食物不会伤害人的身体或者环境。所以此空应该是说化学物质对人体也有伤害。5A解析：空前说食物应该价格公道，空后说所有人应该都能买健康的食物。所以此空应该说食物不应该太昂贵。.完形填空(2021山东师大附中模拟)My son was playing wi

32、th a bottle of bubbles. Dip the loop in the bottle, pull it out, and blow it to make bubbles. He understood the principle but was vainly 1 to blow bubbles. He would dip and dip and blow and blow, but alas, no 2 . He 3 me the bottle and loop and asked me, “Daddy, can you make bubbles？”I hadnt blown b

33、ubbles in years. I am a 4 by education, fairly welltrained in surfactant (活性剂) technology. However, all that knowledge is completely 5 . I was having no more 6 than my son. I dipped and puffed, 7 no bubbles.After several 8 attempts, I changed strategies. 9 puffing on the loop of soapy water, I just

34、gently breathed on it. My son 10 with delight as a big beautiful bubble formed and 11 away. I explained to him, “Son, you cant blow hard. You must ever so 12 breathe on the loop to make bubbles.” He 13 his urgent desire to make big bubbles by blowing hard and followed my advice. Big bubbles!There ar

35、e some things that you can get with 14 ， but other things only 15 from the gentleness of a soft breath.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己和儿子一起吹泡泡的故事，来告诉人们，生活中不是所有东西都是通过力量才能得到的。1Atrying BmanagingCexpecting DactingA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他理解原理，试着吹泡泡，却总失败。try意为“尝试”，manage意为“完成”，expect意为“预料”，act意为“行动”。根据关键词“vainly”可知，是试着去

36、做。故选A。2Achanges BbubblesCresults DdropsB解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他蘸了又蘸，吹了又吹，但还是没有泡泡。change意为“变化”，bubble意为“泡泡”，result意为“结果”，drop意为“水珠”。根据上文“My son was playing with a bottle of bubbles.”可知，作者的儿子在吹泡泡，此处指没有吹出泡泡。故选B。3Alent BhandedCthrew DcastB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他将瓶子和环状的泡泡棒递给我，问道：“爸爸，你能帮我吹泡泡吗？”lend意为“借出”，hand意为“递给”，thr

37、ow意为“扔”，cast意为“抛”。根据下文“.asked me, Daddy, can you make bubbles？”可知，是儿子将瓶子和环状的泡泡棒递给了作者。故选B。4Aresearcher BprofessionalCchemist DparentC解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个受过教育的化学家，在活性剂技术方面受过良好的训练。researcher意为“研究员”，professional意为“专家”，chemist意为“化学家”，parent意为“父亲或母亲”。根据下文“fairly welltrained in surfactant (活性剂) technology”可

38、知，作者是一个化学家。故选C。5Aout of date Bof no useCin doubt Din troubleB解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，所有的知识(对吹泡泡来说)完全没用。out of date意为“过时的”，of no use意为“无用”，in doubt意为“有疑问”，in trouble意为“有麻烦”。根据下文“I dipped and puffed, _ no bubbles.”可知，作者所学的化学知识对吹泡泡来说并没有什么用。故选B。6Atrial BconfidenceCpatience DsuccessD解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有比我儿子更成功。t

39、rial意为“试验”，confidence意为“自信”，patience意为“耐心”，success意为“成功”。根据下文“no bubbles”可知，作者没有吹出泡泡，没有比儿子更成功。故选D。7Aeven BthusCsomehow DstillD解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我蘸了(气泡水)，然后吹气，仍然没有泡泡。even意为“甚至”，thus意为“于是、因此”，somehow意为“以某种方式”，still意为“仍”。根据语境可知作者仍然没有吹出泡泡。故选D。8Afruitless BtoughCunwilling DdifficultA解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在几次没有成果的

40、尝试之后，我改变了策略。fruitless意为“没有成果的”，tough意为“艰苦的”，unwilling意为“不情愿的”，difficult意为“困难的”。根据下文“I changed strategies”可知，作者的尝试都没有成功。故选A。9ADespite BWithoutCOn DExceptB解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：没有在带有肥皂水的环状泡泡棒上吹气，我只是轻轻地呼了口气。despite意为“尽管”，without意为“没有”，on意为“在之上”，except意为“除了”。根据下文“I just gently breathed on it.”可知，作者没有在泡泡棒上吹气。故选

41、B。10Ascreamed BnoddedCrushed DflewA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个又大又美丽的泡泡形成并飘走的时候，我的儿子开心地尖叫起来。scream意为“尖叫”，nod意为“点头”，rush意为“急速行进”，fly意为“飞”。作者父子试了很多次，吹泡泡都失败了，根据常识和关键词“with delight”可知，当作者的儿子看到作者吹出泡泡的时候，开心地尖叫起来。故选A。11Aescaped BfloatedCburst DbouncedB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。escape意为“逃跑”，float意为“飘动”，burst意为“爆裂”，bounce意为“弹回

42、”。根据常识可知，吹出的泡泡会在空中飘动。故选B。12Asilently BslightlyCeagerly DgentlyD解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我向他解释道，“儿子，你不能用力地吹，你必须非常轻地在环形泡泡棒上呼气才能吹出泡泡。” silently意为“默默地”，slightly意为“略微”，eagerly意为“渴望地”，gently意为“轻轻地”。根据上文“gently breathed”可知，此处作者告诉儿子要轻轻地吹。故选D。13Afreed BfueledCcontained DreducedC解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他控制住了自己通过使劲吹来制造大泡泡的急切的欲望，

43、听从了我的建议。free意为“免除”，fuel意为“给加燃料”，contain意为“控制”，reduce意为“减少”。根据下文“followed my advice”可知，作者的儿子控制了自己通过使劲吹来制造大泡泡的急切的欲望。故选C。14Abrain BactionCforce DscienceC解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一些东西你可以用力量得到，但其他东西只用温柔的呼吸就可以得到。brain意为“大脑”，action意为“行动”，force意为“力量”，science意为“科学”。根据上文内容可知，之前作者父子用力吹都没有吹出泡泡。故选C。15Asurvive BseparateCj

44、ump DariseD解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。survive意为“存活”，separate意为“分开”，jump意为“跳”，arise意为“产生、出现”。作者和儿子吹泡泡失败之后，发现轻轻地吹才能出现泡泡。故选D。.语法填空(2021广西一诊)Yueyang Tower is 1._ ancient Chinese tower on the shore of Lake Dongting. It is one of the Three Great Towers of Jiangnan. Yueyang Tower became famous for Memorial to Yueyan

45、g Tower(岳阳楼记) 2._ (write) by Fan Zhongyan, who was an excellent minister of the Northern Song Dynasty (9601127) in China.3_ (lie) on the city wall of the west gate of the ancient city in Yueyang City, Hunan Province, China, Yueyang Tower faces Junshan Island and overlooks Dongting Lake, being extrem

46、ely beautiful and 4._(impress). Since ancient times, it 5._ (enjoy) the good reputation that Dongting Lake is the 6._ (good) among lakes, and Yueyang Tower is incomparable among towers. Yueyang Towers roof covered with yellow glazed tiles (黄色琉璃瓦) looks like a generals helmet in ancient China. It is

47、the only ancient 7._ (build) with a helmet roof structure in China.Before the Tang Dynasty (618907)，Yueyang Tower was mainly used 8._ the military purpose. After the Tang Dynasty, it 9._ (gradual) became a famous scenic spot in 10._ men of letters chanted poetry and wrote fu.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。位于湖南省岳阳市的

48、岳阳楼下瞰洞庭，前望君山，北倚长江，因范仲淹的岳阳楼记而闻名，自古有“洞庭天下水，岳阳天下楼”之美誉。1an解析：考查冠词。句意：岳阳楼是一座位于洞庭湖畔的中式古楼。tower为单数可数名词，此处泛指“一座中式古楼”，用不定冠词，又因为空后的ancient为发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。2written解析：考查非谓语。句意：岳阳楼因范仲淹写的岳阳楼记而闻名设空处在此处为非谓语作后置定语，修饰Memorial to Yueyang Tower, 且write与之为逻辑上的被动关系，要用过去分词written，故填written。3Lying解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：岳阳楼位于中国湖南省

49、岳阳市古城西门之上，前望君山，下瞰洞庭湖，景色极其优美壮观，令人叹为观止。分析句子成分可知，设空处应填非谓语，动词lie与其逻辑主语Yueyang Tower构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式，且位于句首，故填Lying。4impressive解析：考查词性转换。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，设空处与beautiful并列，共同作being的表语，应用形容词形式，故填impressive。5has enjoyed/has been enjoying解析：考查动词的时态。句意：自古以来，它就一直享有“洞庭天下水，岳阳天下楼”之美誉。分析句子成分可知，设空处应是谓语动词，又根据Since ancient

50、 times可知，该处用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填has enjoyed或has been enjoying。6best解析：考查形容词的比较等级。句意同上。根据设空前的the及后面的among lakes可知，此处应用所给词的最高级形式，故填best。7building解析：考查词性转换。句意：它是中国仅存的盔顶结构的古建筑。根据前面的修饰语the only ancient可知，设空处应用所给词的名词形式，故填building。8for解析：考查介词。句意：唐朝(618907)之前，岳阳楼主要用于军事。be used for是固定短语，意为“被用于”，故填for。9gradually解

51、析：考查词性转换。句意：唐朝之后，它逐渐成为一个著名景点，文人雅士们在这里吟诗作赋。分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰动词became，作状语，要用所给词的副词形式，故填gradually。10which解析：考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子成分可知，此处是由“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为scenic spot，要用关系代词which指代，故填which。写作新题型(五).应用文写作假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jamie发邮件告诉你他对中国传统文学非常感兴趣，但是在阅读时遇到了很多困难，比如很多汉字不认识、读不懂文章的意思等，希望得到你的帮助。请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容要点如下：1表示理

52、解并给予安慰；2提出建议并说明理由。注意：1词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_One possible version：Dear Jamie，I am more than glad to know that you are interested in the traditional Chinese literature. Its never easy to learn Chinese characters and essays. Even native Chinese speakers may find it hard to learn them well, so you don

53、t have to feel upset. Here are some useful tips.First, turn to the Internet for help when you have a problem, where you can learn how to read and write the characters. Second, you can learn from Chinese people around and Im always here to help. But the most important is to keep on learning and readi

54、ng. You are sure to make progress!Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua.读后续写阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021石家庄高中毕业班教学质量检测)I prided myself on being a good neighbor. My husband, Charles, and I knew everyone who lived along our rural road.Walking that road, I thought about how we all relied on each othe

55、r. We picked up mail for people on vacation, lent out tools，and watched each others children. Each house I passed held a friendly association.Except Kellys.It hadnt always been this way. At one time, Kelly and I had a good relationship. Our children were close in age and often played together. Our h

56、usbands were playmates. I never went by her house without waving or stopping to chat if I saw her outside.Not anymore. If Kelly was out in her yard when I walked or drove by, I acted as if I hadnt seen her and there had been a big wall between us. At first it felt satisfying to let Kelly know what I

57、 thought of her. Today the sight of her house just made me sad.How did things go wrong? It had all started with a cat. A stray(无主的宠物) who turned up in my driveway. That wasnt unusual. I already had two stray cats I had adopted as well as a dog. But this cat was violent. He drove my own cats away fro

58、m their food bowls and hissed at me when I tried to drive him off.Imagine my surprise a few days later when Kelly announced that she was taking in the cat. “I think hes sweet，” she said.I didnt even know that Kelly liked cats. Shed never had one before as far as I knew. Living with Kelly didnt make

59、the cat any friendlier. He constantly showed up on our porch, stealing our cats food and picking fights. “That cats out of control，” I said to Kelly angrily over the phone one day. “Ive had enough of it.”“Hes always perfectly sweet with us！” Kelly said, getting defensive. “I have no idea that you di

60、slike him so much.”注意：续写词数应为150左右。That was the first brick in the wall between us. _One day, when I was walking on that road again, I saw Kelly smiling at me._One possible version：That was the first brick in the wall between us. On a sunny day, I was bathed in the beautiful sunshine when suddenly th

61、e cat jumped on my laps. It seemed to come out of nowhere so my hair almost stood on end. Bouncing up from my chair, I dropped the cat hard on the ground and ran after it. While this was going on, Kelly was just standing on her balcony glaring at me. “That was how you treat my cat？” she shouted. A b

62、rick turned into a wall from the noon.One day，when I was walking on that road again, I saw Kelly smiling at me.I smiled back，saying，“ I was sorry for the cat the other day！” She admitted the cat was not friendly sometimes and that her husband had sent it to the “Stray Cats Shelter”“Our relationship is not that easy to break，isnt it？” She looked at me in the eye. We burst into laughter immediately and gone was the wall.