2022版高考英语外研版一轮复习学案：必修3 MODULE 3　THE VIOLENCE OF NATURE WORD版含解析.doc

1、Module 3The Violence of Nature(主题语境：人与自然灾难防范)基础知识全面回顾JI CHU ZHI SHI QUAN MIAN HUI GU 单词分类巧记阅读词汇认读1disaster n_灾难_2current n._海流；潮流_3tropical adj._热带的_4previous adj._以前的_核心词汇识记1_cause_vt.引起；导致2_occur_vi. 发生3_strike_vt.& n. (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击4_ruin_vt.毁坏5_damage_n& v.损失；损害6_experience_vt.经历n.经历；经验_experienced

2、_adj.有经验的7_furniture_n.家具_furnish_vt.装备；配备8_bury_ vt.埋葬_burial_n.埋葬；葬礼9_violent_adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的_violence_n.暴力10_possibility_n.可能；可能性_possible_adj.可能的11_terrifying_adj.吓人的；可怕的_terrified_adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的_terrify_vt.使恐惧；使害怕12_fortunately_adv.幸运地；幸亏_fortunate_adj.幸运的_fortune_n.运气；财富13_sadly_adv.伤心地；不幸地_sad_

3、adj.悲伤的_sadness_n.悲伤14_warning_n.警告_warn_v.警告用所给词的适当形式填空1_Experienced_ workers are badly needed in our factory. If you have previous _experience_ in this kind of work，call me right now.(experience)2He_warned_ me not to leave without permission，but I didnt accept his _warning_.(warn)3_Fortunately _，w

4、hen he went abroad to try his _fortune_，he gained great wealth.(fortune)4Dellas eyes were full of_sadness_ at the _sad_ news and she looked _sadly_ at her husband.(sad)5Last night we had a discussion，which became more and more_violent_. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use _violenc

5、e_ whatever happens.(violent)6When they saw the_terrifying_ scene，everyone on the spot felt _terrified_ and couldnt say a word.(terrify) 短语互译速记1指的是；谈到；提到；涉及_refer to_2拿起；举起；收拾；接载；偶然学会；恢复_pick up_3记下；放下；镇压_put down_4去掉；脱掉；起飞；成功_take off_5平均起来_on average_6结果为，以结束_end up_7set fire to_放火(焚烧)_8catch fire

6、_着火_9put out_扑灭(火)_10turn over_翻过来；翻阅(书页)_11take place_发生_12in all_总共；总计_选用上述短语填空1The firefighters spent one hour _putting out_ the fire.2People often cant adapt when great changes _take place_.3The person he _referred to_ at the meeting was an officer.4He _picked up_ some French in France. He _put

7、down_ what he remembered in his notebook after return.5It was not until she _took off _her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous filmstar.6Jason _ended up _singing a beautiful song at the party although he refused to sing at first.7_On average_，my son spends one hour doing his homework every

8、 night.1“气象灾害”集合(1)thunderstorm n雷暴(2)tornado n龙卷风(3)hurricane n飓风(4)snowstorm n暴风雪(5)storm n暴风雨2“打”得各式各样(1)strike v& n敲击；打击(2)hit v打击；袭击(3)beat v敲击；打败(4)tap v轻敲；轻拍；轻打(5)knock v& n敲；打；敲击3“积极”与“不积极”(1)active adj.积极的；主动的passive adj.被动的；消极的(2)positive adj.积极的；肯定的negative adj.消极的；否定的(3)optimistic adj.乐观

9、的；积极的pessimistic adj.悲观的；厌世的4all短语小结(1)in all总共；总计(2)above all最重要的是(3)after all毕竟；终究(4)first of all首先(5)at all(否定句)一点儿也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟(6)all in all总的说来5“写下；记下”汇总(1)put down写下；放下(2)write down写下；记下(3)note down记录；记下(4)take down记下；拆除(5)get down写下；吞下 佳句精析精练1They can destroy houses，but leave the furniture in

10、side exactly where it was.它们(龙卷风)能够毁坏房子，但是房子里面的家具却留在原地。精析leave the furniture inside exactly where it was属于“leave宾语宾语补足语”结构。2On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.美国平均每年有800场龙卷风，导致约80人死亡，1 500人受伤。精析causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injures是现

11、在分词短语作结果状语。3By the time it ended，more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.到这次飓风结束时，已有700多人死亡，2,700多人受伤。精析by the time“到时候”引导时间状语从句。4When the lava reached the sea，there was the possibility of huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.当岩浆涌进大海时，有可能引发巨大浪潮，足以淹没半个岛屿。精析There i

12、s/was the possibility of表示“有的可能性”。句式仿写根据上述句式完成句子1你让机器日夜一直开着是不对的。Its wrong of you to _leave the machine running_ day and night.2南方雨下得很大，导致好几个省发生洪涝灾害。It rained heavily in the south，_causing serious flooding_ in several provinces.3妈妈回来时我已经完成了这项工作。By the time Mum came back，I _had finished the work_.4不过，

13、许多人相信与陌生人见面会有危险。However，many people believe _ there is the possibility of_ danger in any situation when strangers meet. 单元语法过关过去完成时的被动语态和直接引语与间接引语语法填空1The two nurses _had been rewarded_(reward) 100，000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.解析考查动词的时态和语态。句意：两位护士被警方奖励了100,000元，但

14、是他们把钱捐给了爆炸事件的遇难者。根据句意可知， reward所表示的动作发生在donated这一动作之前，所以用过去完成时，分析句子结构可知，reward 与the two nurses之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。2When she returned home，Rose found her computer _had been removed_(remove) and she was very confused.解析分析句子成分可知，remove与computer构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，根据句意可知，remove这一动作发生在returned之前，故此处应用过去完成时。

15、3By the end of last year，the railway _had been completed_(complete)解析考查时态和语态。句意：到去年年底为止，这条铁路已经完工了。根据By the end of last year可知，complete的动作发生在过去的过去，the railway和complete之间是动宾关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。4Later Mrs Green decided to buy that kind of cloth because she _had been told_(tell) that the cloth _washed_(wash

16、) very well.解析考查时态和语态。由语意可知，Mrs Green被告知这种布很好洗发生在她决定买之前，表示过去的过去，第一空用过去完成时。that the cloth _ _ very well是tell的宾语从句，主句用过去时，从句也应用过去时。又因为wash常用主动形式表示被动意义，故不用被动语态。5Rose looks pale. What do you think _has happened_(happen)to her?解析do you think 作插入语，主句为特殊疑问句。考点探究素养演练KAO DIAN TAN JIU SU YANG YAN LIAN高频单词1exp

17、erience vt.经历；感受；体验；遭受n.经验；经历激活知识 语法填空(2020全国卷)In fact，anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or _experienced_ (experience) racer to learn proper technique，she says.(2019全国卷)Learning English as a second language can be _a_ painful experience.Britain，in common with m

18、any other industrialized countries，_has experienced_(experience)major changes over the last 100 years.导图助记注意：experience作“经验”讲时不可数，可用much修饰；experience作“经历”讲时为可数名词，有复数形式。能力提升 一句多译中国是世界第二大经济体，在经济发展方面有经验。China is the worlds second largest economy and _has experience in economic development_.(experience)

19、China is the worlds second largest economy and _is experienced in economic development_.(experienced)2cause vt.引起；导致；使遭受n原因；事业；目标激活知识 语法填空(2020新全国卷)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it _caused_ (cause) had driven away a number of birds.(2019浙江高考)The biggest factors driving up

20、 water stress in the state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees _to lose_ (lose) more water to the air.(2019浙江高考)What is a major cause _of_ the water shortage according to Mclntyre?(2017天津高考)How should you deal with the problem _caused_(cause) by an offensive email?His drunk driving resul

21、ted in the accident，_causing_ (cause) the 12 peoples deaths.归纳拓展(1)cause sb. sth. 给某人造成某种结果cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事(2)the cause of. 的原因cause and effect 因果易混辨析 cause直接导致事情发生的原因，后可接of介词短语reason着重强调在逻辑推理上得出的原因，其后接介词for，也可以接why引导的定语从句excuse指说话人试图为自己辩护或希望得到别人谅解时所提出的借口、理由，后常用介词for能力提升 选词填空(cause/reaso

22、n/excuse)Too much work is no _excuse_ for not studying.The _reason_ for the flood was all that heavy rain.Carelessness is the _cause_ of his failure.3occur vi. 发生；出现；被想起；被想到激活知识 语法填空(2020全国卷)We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that _occurred_ (occur) billions of years ago.(2018天津

23、高考)It seldom occurred _to_ them to wander a bit，to take a moment to see whats around them.It never occurred to him _to ask_(ask)anyone.归纳拓展sth. occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事It occurs to sb. that. 某人突然想起It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事联想拓展表达“某人突然想起”的句型还有：sth.hits/strikes sb.It hits/strikes sb.that从句es

24、up with sth.能力提升 一句多译这个主意是他在梦中想到的。The idea _occurred to him_in a dream.He_came up with_ the idea in a dream.4strike v. (雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；打，击；咬伤；打动；(钟)敲响(报时)；使突然想起 n. 打击；空袭；攻击；罢工激活知识 观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义(北京高考)The children of Nome would be helpless if diphtheria(白喉)struck the town.(_袭击_)(全国卷)It struck me that p

25、laying against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.(_突然想起_)Drawing back my free hand，I struck the bear as hard as I could for five or six times.(_击打_)The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.(_被迷住_)The workers went on strike for a pay rise.(_罢工_)I he

26、ard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.(_报时_)归纳拓展(1)sth. strikes sb.某人突然想起某事It strikes sb.that.某人突然想到strike sb.介词the身体部位打某人某处be struck by.被打动；被击中(2)be on strike在罢工go on strike举行罢工图解助记能力提升 语法填空He heard the clock _striking_(strike)eight when he returned home._It_ struck me that we mi

27、ght have made the wrong decision.单句改错(福建高考)The workers will go on a strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.(_去掉a_)I was just about to give it up when a good idea struck to me.(_去掉第二个to_)5bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心激活知识 语法填空The old man died and _was buried_(bury) in the cemetery.I shall ha

28、ve to bury myself_in_my studies if I am to pass the exam.归纳拓展专心致志于；埋头于bury ones face in hands 用手捂着脸联想拓展 表示“专心于”的短语还有：be devoted tobe absorbed inbe addicted tobe lost infocus onconcentrate onbe occupied withfix ones attention on能力提升 句式升级由于他埋头工作，他没有注意到窗外的嘈杂声。Because_he was buried in/buried himself in_

29、his work，he didnt notice the noise outside.用过去分词短语作状语改写。_Buried in his work_，he didnt notice the noise outside.常考短语6end up 结果为；以结束激活知识 完成句子The boy referred to _ended up as_ an engineer.提到的那个男孩结果成了一位工程师。Some people tried many ways to lose weight，_ending up gaining weight_ soon again.有些人尝试多种方法减肥，结果不久体

30、重却又重新增加了。归纳拓展end up doing sth.最终做某事end up in以告终；结果为end up with以结束end up as最终成为能力提升 语法填空(2020江苏高考)But Inglis ended up _buying_ (buy) hundreds of them himself，with the idea of repairing and selling them.Without the help of Mr Smith，our task would have ended up _in_failure.You can end up _with_ what as

31、tronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.必备句型7They can destroy houses，but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.它们能够毁掉房子，但是房子里面的家具却留在原地。激活知识 句式仿写Never _leave the water running_ all the time.不要让水一直流着。She must have _left the handbag where_ she often has a date with her boyfriend.她肯定是把手提包忘在了她经

32、常和男友约会的地方了。归纳拓展“leavesth./sb.宾语补足语”为leave的复合结构，此时leave作使役动词，表示“使/让保持某种状态”，常跟复合宾语。构成如下：leave sth./sb.能力提升 语法填空Dont leave her _waiting_(wait)outside in the rain.Jerry left home in a hurry，leaving the door _unlocked _(unlock)Leave the medicine _where_the children cant reach it.8On average，there are 800

33、 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.美国平均每年有800场龙卷风，导致约80人死亡，1,500人受伤。激活知识 句式仿写Her husband died ten years ago，_leaving_(leave) her with three children.她丈夫十年前去世了，撇下她和三个孩子。European football is played in more than 80 countries，_making_(make) it the most popular game

34、 in the world.80多个国家都踢欧式足球，使得它成为世界上最流行的运动。归纳拓展(1)句中causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries是现在分词短语作结果状语。表示句子主干中的动作与状语中的动作之间具有必然的因果关系，通常放在句末。(2)现在分词短语作结果状语，表自然的、必然的结果。(3)不定式作结果状语表出乎意料的、没有预料到的结果。能力提升 语法填空(2017天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment，_allowing_(allow)more patient

35、s to be treated.I hurried to the airport，only _to be told_(tell) that my friend had gone already.课堂达标巩固提升KE TANG DA BIAO GONG GU TI SHENG.单句语法填空1The terrorists can _strike_ (strike) at any time without prorocation.2Didnt it ever occur _to_ you what the source of this saying I just quoted is?3Teenage

36、rs are deeply influenced by the _violence_ (violent) shown on TV.4The city _has experienced_ (experience) over 2,000 such incidents in the past two years.5Mary worked here as a temporary secretary and ended up _getting_ (get) a full-time job with the company.6Overuse of computers will contribute to

37、the failure of our eyesight，which is a _warning_ (warn) to us all.7Hardly had I picked the phone _up_ when I was told that the hotel had been booked up.8They found the remains of buildings _buried_ (bury) under the sand.9. The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows，_making_ (make) air condit

38、ioning unnecessary.10Its great that all the visitors who _had been trapped_ (trap) on the island were saved.单句改错1The forest is easy to catch a fire in such dry weather._去掉a_2The whole city lay in ruin after the earthquake，which made us lie awake all night._ruinruins_3Smoking does great damages to ou

39、r health._damagesdamage_4Burying in the film，she didnt know it was snowing outside._BuryingBuried_5Jumping out of an airplane at ten thousand feet is quite exciting experience._exciting前加an_6At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologize._apologizeapologizing_7Didnt it st

40、rike to you that he was lying?_去掉to_8His misunderstanding of language was the primary cause for his other problems._forof_9Is there any possibility whether you could pick me up at the airport?_whetherthat_10The heavy snow lasted for a week，caused a serious traffic confusion in the area._causedcausin

41、g_.教材衔接高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。A tornado，which is a rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground usually occurs in the US，affecting several US states _1.greatly_(great)The most violent tornadoes have winds _2.of_over 400 km per hour.They can take cars，trains and even houses

42、 to other _3.places_ (place)，and also take the fur or feathers _4.off_ an animal.Almost all tornadoes occur in the US.On average，therere 800 each year，_5.causing_ (cause)about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.The worst one was in 1925，which caused over 700 deaths and 2,700 injuries.Hurricanes have winds

43、 of 120 km per hour or more，_6.which_ cause huge waves，heavy rain and floods.Therere six Atlantic hurricanes each year on average.The _7.worst_ (bad)one was in 1900 in Texas，which caused 6,000 deaths and destroyed 3,600 buildings.Charles Coghlan，a nineteenth-century Irish actor，died and was buried i

44、n Texas in 1899.The cemetery _8.was destroyed_ (destroy)by the hurricane and his coffin _9.ended_ (end)up in the sea.Eight years later，the coffin was found in the east of Canada，3,000 km away from _10.where_ Coghlan was buried.话题延伸写作写作素材(关于地震)12011年3月11日，一场大地震袭击了日本，随后又发生了海啸，造成了严重的损害。2一些建筑成为废墟，很多人被埋在

45、了建筑物下。3地震和接下来的海啸导致总共28,000多人死亡。4令人欣慰的是，地震一发生，全世界的人们都提供了帮助。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用现在分词作结果状语，immediately引导的时间状语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)_参考范文_On March 11，2011，a big earthquake struck Japan，and later a tsunami occurred，causing serious damage. Some buildings were in ruins and many people were buried in the buildings. The earthquake and the following tsunami caused the death of more than 28,000 people in all. Thankfully，people all over the world offered their help immediatetly it took place._