河南省林州市第一中学高中英语Unit5Firstaid省略归纳素材新人教版必修5.doc

1、省略在英语中，为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。【归纳】简单句中的省略在简单句中，可省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语等，有时甚至同时省略若干成分。如：(You) Hand me the book over there. (Is) Anybody against the suggestion?What do you think made David so happy? Passing his driving test (made him happy).并列句中的省略在并列句中，如果后面的分句与前面的分句中有相同的成分，常被省略，以避免重复。如：To

2、some students learning math is very easy, and to others (learning math is) so hard.This machine functions well, but that one doesnt (function well).复合句中的省略1. 定语从句中的省略在限制性定语从句中，可省略在从句中作宾语的关系代词that, which, whom, who。如：That is the film (which / that) we watched last week.Tom isnt a man (whom / that / w

3、ho) you can believe in.注意：当先行词为the way时，从句用that或in which引导，that或in which也常被省略。如：We admired him for the way (in which / that) he faces his difficulties. 关系代词作介词的宾语，且介词置于关系代词之前时，则不可省略关系代词。如：The athlete to whom you talked is a famous runner. （whom 不可省略）2. 状语从句中的省略在状语从句中，如从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语中又包含动词be时，可以省略主

4、语和动词be。状语从句中作主语的代词it以及动词be也可以省略。如：While (I was) in Hangzhou, I paid a visit to the West Lake.The computer is of no use unless (it is) repaired. Although (he is) still young, he knows a lot. Hand in the work tomorrow if (it is) possible. 3. 宾语从句中的省略在宾语从句中，连词that 一般可以省略；但宾语从句中包含that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句时

5、，通常只有第一个that可以省略。如：I dont believe (that) Mike has joined the army. Lisa told me (that) she was ill and that she couldnt go to school the next day.注意：有时可用so或not代替上文的内容。如：Work hard. If not (If you dont work hard), you will fail in the exam. Do you think Mr. Green will give us help? I hope so. (I hope

6、he will give us help.)【拓展】动词不定式中为了避免重复，常省去前面出现的相同部分，而只保留不定式符号to；如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be, have, have been时，这些词要保留。如：I asked my friend to have a drink, but he didnt want to (have a drink). Are you a teacher now? No, but I used to be (a teacher). 【即学即练】将下列句子改写为省略句。1. Im not listening to music now, but I was l

7、istening to music in the morning. _2. Mrs. Smith wont attend the party unless she is invited. _3. The boy didnt want to take these tablets, but he had to take them._答案【即学即练】1. Im not listening to music now, but I was in the morning.2. Mrs. Smith wont attend the party unless invited.3. The boy didnt want to take these tablets, but he had to.