河南省洛阳市2020届高三英语上学期第一次统一考试试题（含解析）.doc

1、河南省洛阳市2020届高三英语上学期第一次统一考试试题（含解析）注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每个小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写 在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结朿后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、

2、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话 仅读一遍。1. What lime is Mathew going to bed?A. At 9- 00 pm B. At 9： 30 pm. C. At 10-00 pm.2. Who is travelling in China now?A. Mary. B. Jenny. C. Mr. Green.3. When does the man think they should start the party?A. Just as planned.B. In half an hour.C

3、. When everybody is present.4. What should the neighbor stop doing?A. Playing the piano so late.B. Staying up so kite.C. Listening to music so late.5. Where are the speakers most probably?A. At a shop. B. In the park. C. In the street.第二节（共15小题海小题15分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

4、选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给岀5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How does the woman like the mans hair?A. Its too long. B. Its beautiful. C. Its too short.7.Wheres the barbers? .A. Beside the hotel. B. Opposite the hotel. C. On the left of the hotel.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does th

5、e woman want to do this afternoon?A. See a film. B. Go to the gym. C. Run outside.9. What does the man advise the woman to do?A. Take a taxi. B. Walk to the cinema. C. Lose weight.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10. Who went to the zoo?A. The womans father. B. The man, C. Lily.11. What does the woman think of the

6、lion?A. Cute. B. Scary. C. Beautiful.12. Which animals impressed the woman most?A. The panda. B. The lion. C. The peacock.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. How long was the woman absent?A. About a month. B. About a week. C. About a year.14. Which place did the woman see first?A. The Summer Palace. B. The Forbidd

7、en City. C. The Palace Museum.15. Why did the woman miss the Great Wall?A. It was too large. B. It was a bit far. C. She was too tired.16. What can we infer about the two speakers?A. Theyre not Chinese. B. Theyre learning Chinese. C. Theyre visiting Beijing.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the speaker

8、mainly talking about?A. Some requirements for am English newspaper editor.B. The management of the school English newspaper.C. The standards of good English articles written by students.18. What does you need to do if you are hired?A Read English articles to the class.B. Choose English articles writ

9、ten by the students.C. Hold some English competitions for the students.19. What requirement should the applicant meet?A. Good speaking ability. B. Good writing ability. C. Being a graduate.20. When will an interview take place?A. On October 5th. B. On October 10th. C. On October 15th.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满

10、分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATeens love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games, exploring virtual(虚拟的) worlds and taking quizzes(测试). Of course, teens also need to be safe online and report any cyber bullies(网络欺凌)InstagramIn

11、stagram allows teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them friends. They say that a picture is worth a thousand words, and that must be true because Instagram has around 300 million users who are active each month. The platform is all about photos with short captions( 说明文字). When it co

12、mes to Instagrams users, 53 percent of them are aged 18-29, but most may be even younger and simply list their age as 18 in order to use the platform.Habbo HotelHabbo Hotel is a place for teens to chat. Each teen receives a personal room to decorate with virtual objects. They can also dress their av

13、atar(网络头像) in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends. The room might have music, be set up like a classroom, or have other features so different avatars can visit one another. Each room teens can interact in has an adult moderator (tt H m) to make sure it stays safe.FanlalaFanlala is a

14、 social network that gives teens who love celebrities, music and TV shows a place to interact. Through it, a user can get the latest news and gossip on their favorite shows, as well as take quizzes to test their knowledge. Teens can set up their own profile(t*)on Fanlala and interact with other user

15、s.Teen ChatTeen Chat is a place for teens to interact with one another through forums(论坛)according to their interests. For example, there are chat rooms for those who love anime(4082)and for those whove just started college. There are also chat rooms for things like music, games, and sports. The pla

16、tform offers aFriend Findertool that will help teens search for people who live locally to them.1. What makes Instagram different from other sites listed in the text?A. Its a great place for people to share photosB. The majority of its users are in their 20sC. It has the largest number of usersD. On

17、ly those above 18 normally use it.2. Which site allows its users to create their own character and design a virtual room for it?A. InstagramB. Habbo Hotel.C. Fanlala.D. Teen Chat.3. What can you gain from Fanlala?A. Game skills.B. Sports knowledge.C. Anime videos.D. entertainment news.4. What would

18、be the best title for the text?A. Tips on online chattingB. Sites for socializingC. Free chat rooms for everyone.D. How to fight cyber bullying【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章为青少年介绍了一些社交网站。青少年喜欢社交，这些网站让他们有机会在玩游戏、探索虚拟世界和做测试的时候进行社交。当然，青少年也需要安全上网，并报告任何网络欺凌。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据Instagram中Instagram allows

19、teens to upload photos of their daily life and share them friends.“Instagram允许青少年上传他们日常生活的照片，并与朋友分享。”可知，Instagram不同于文本中列出的其他网站的是“它是一个人们分享照片的好地方。”故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Habbo Hotel中Habbo Hotel is a place for teens to chat. Each teen receives a personal room to decorate with virtual objects. They can also

20、dress their avatar(网络头像) in virtual clothes or create games to play with friends.“Habbo Hotel是一个青少年聊天的地方。每个青少年都有一个可以用虚拟物品装饰的私人房间。他们也可以给他们的化身穿上虚拟的衣服，或者创造游戏和朋友们一起玩。”由此可知，Habbo Hotel网站允许用户创建自己的角色并为其设计一个虚拟房间。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Fanlala中Fanlala is a social network that gives teens who love celebrities, mus

21、ic and TV shows a place to interact. Through it, a user can get the latest news and gossip on their favorite shows, as well as take quizzes to test their knowledge.“Fanlala是一个社交网络，为喜爱名人、音乐和电视节目的青少年提供一个互动的地方。通过它，用户可以获得他们最喜欢的节目的最新新闻和八卦，还可以参加测验来测试他们的知识。”由此可知，从Fanlala你可以得到一些娱乐新闻。故选D。【4题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段Tee

22、ns love to socialize, and these websites give them a chance to do that while playing games, exploring virtual(虚拟的) worlds and taking quizzes(测试). Of course, teens also need to be safe online and report any cyber bullies(网络欺凌)“青少年喜欢社交，这些网站让他们有机会在玩游戏、探索虚拟世界和做测试的时候进行社交。当然，青少年也需要安全上网，并报告任何网络欺凌。”可知，这篇文章为

23、青少年介绍了一些社交网站，所以B项Sites for socializing为最佳主题。故选B。BProbably one of the most popular topics in science-fiction of all times has been the idea of time traveling. We know and love such films as H. G. Wells The Time Machine, H. P. Lovecraft s The Shadow Out of Time as well as a great number of films and T

24、V shows: Back to the Future, The Butterfly Effect. These, as well as many others, are dedicated mostly to one question: how can an individual affect or even change their entire life in the present by making even slight corrections, in their own past?When I was a child, I often dreamed about a specia

25、l pocket device that would allow me to “save” certain moments of my life. In that case, if I failed to do something, I could always “load” my life. I imagined all the things I could do if I had such power : jumping from very tall buildings without a parachute ( and “loading” at the last second) and

26、taking up other risky occupations.Sometimes, I would like to jump into a time machine, go back to a couple of years ago, and make many corrections. I would warn myself about the consequences of my most reckless (不顾后果的) decisions. I would talk to that long-haired teen holding his first cigarette and

27、tell him, “Dont do that years will pass until you finally manage to quit it. ” There are so many warnings I would give to myself that sometimes I think: was it really I who did this and that?Having a time machine is an amazingly attractive idea. It seems that having one would make life so much easie

28、r! Perhaps, it is true. But what I think more often now is that living without it teaches us responsibility. I try to live each day at the maximum in order to regret nothing. This is actually what our parents always try to do when we are children. But you know what? I am glad that no time machine ha

29、s been invented.5. Whats the writers main purpose of writing Paragraph 1?A. To introduce some famous movies.B. To raise a question about time travel.C. To show those movies are very popular.D. To show the scenes in movies might become true.6. What does the writer try to convey in this article?A. Unp

30、ractical dreams can never be realized.B. What happened in the past cant be changed.C. The idea of the time machine is really a creative invention.D. Being responsible for the present is better than regretting.7. Whats the writers attitude toward the invention of the time machine?A. Objective.B. Supp

31、ortive.C. Negative.D. Indifferent.【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者原来希望通过时光机，可以对自己的过去所做的事进行改变来影响甚至改变现在的生活。但现在作者认为要尽量把每一天过得尽善尽美，这样就不会有任何遗憾。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中“ one question: how can an individual affect or even change their entire life in the present by making even slight corrections, in their own

32、 past? (一个问题：一个人如何通过对自己的过去做出哪怕是微小的改变来影响甚至改变他们现在的整个生活?)”可以推断，作者在第一段中提出很多关于时光旅行的科幻小说或电影，是为了引出关于时光旅行的问题。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“I try to live each day at the maximum in order to regret nothing. ”作者刚开始认为时光机是一个极具吸引力的想法，可以让生活更容易。但作者现在认为没有时光机可以让我们把每一天过得尽善尽美，这样就不会有任何遗憾。因此可以推断作者要表达的观点是：对现在负责总比后悔好。故选D项。【7题

33、详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“But what I think more often now is that living without it teaches us responsibility. I try to live each day at the maximum in order to regret nothing.”和“I am glad that no time machine has been invented.”，作者认为没有时光机可以教会我们责任感，让我们尽量把每一天过得尽善尽美，这样就不会有任何遗憾。因此可以推断作者对时光机持否定的态度。故选C项。CArthur

34、 Phillip High School, located in Parramatta, New South Wales (NSW), Australia, will be NSWs first public high-rise high school. When it opens, the school will be different from anything else weve got across the system.Students will eat lunch in courtyards overlooking city rooftops, before continuing

35、 their lessons in sound-proofed music rooms, science labs or atriums ( 中 庭 ) with eight metre-high ceilings. The specialty rooms, such as science labs, will be on the top floors. There will be large lifts, but students will be encouraged to use the stairs. There will be a gym, a play ground and play

36、 space on each floor.The building will be run more like an office block than a traditional school, with a plant room used for the operation of the sprinklers（洒水装置）, air conditioning and elevator systems. In addition, people will be seen cleaning the windows while students are studying.“Were going to

37、 have to get kids used to that,” said Sylvia Corish, an executive director of school performance for the NSW Department of Education. “Thats going to be a unique experience.”“This is a very different concept,” said the chief executive of School Infrastructure NSW, Anthony Manning. “While it has been

38、 challenging at times, the end product is going to be really amazing and impressive.”“I am very surprised and happy to see how creative this learning space will be for students in the Parramatta region for years to come,” Education Minister Sarah Mitchell said.The Herald visited the new high school,

39、 as construction of the ambitious project enters its final phase and students at the original school across the road prepare to begin testing its state-of-the-art facilities. In the next few months, students and teachers will visit the school to help ensure a smooth transition （过渡）. “It will be a ma

40、tter of testing how people can move around the building,” Mr Manning said.8. Hows the school in appearance?A. It looks like an office building.B. It is like a traditional school.C. Its surrounded by green plants.D. It consists of different buildings.9. How did Sarah Mitchel feel about the new school

41、?A. Amazed and impressed.B. Surprised and doubtful.C. Delighted and astonished.D. Happy and satisfied.10. Which might be a challenge?A. Moving the original school from across the road.B. Getting the students accustomed to the new situation.C. Providing the students with more space for studying.D. En

42、couraging the students to use the stairs instead of the lift.11. Whats the best title for the passage?A. NSWs First Public High-rise High SchoolB. A New School that Overlook City RoofsC. The Construction and System of a New SchoolD. A Unique Experience for High School Students【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11.

43、 A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了位于澳大利亚新南威尔士州Parramatta的Arthur Phillip高中将成为新南威尔士州的第一所公立高层高中，其先进的设施，有创意的学习空间得到各方的认同，但同时也在等待着最后的验收：学生和老师的平稳过渡。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The building will be run more like an office block than a traditional school, with a plant room used for the operation of the sprinklers, air conditi

44、oning and elevator systems. In addition, people will be seen cleaning the windows while students are studying.( 该建筑将更像一个办公大楼，而不是传统的学校，有一个机房用来操作洒水系统、空调和电梯系统。此外，当学生们在学习时，会看到有人在擦窗户。)”可知该学校看起来更像一个办公大楼而不是传统的学校。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容：I am very surprised and happy to see how creative this learning spac

45、e will be for students in the Parramatta region for years to come,” Education Minister Sarah Mitchell said.( 教育部长萨拉米切尔说:“我很惊讶，也很高兴看到这个学习空间在未来几年里将为帕拉马塔地区的学生提供那么有创意的学习空间。”)可知Sarah Mitchel对这间学校提供的有创意的学习空间感到惊讶和高兴。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章末尾内容：The Herald visited the new high school, as construction of the a

46、mbitious project enters its final phase and students at the original school across the road prepare to begin testing its state-of-the-art facilities. In the next few months, students and teachers will visit the school to help ensure a smooth transition. “It will be a matter of testing how people can

47、 move around the building,” Mr Manning said. ( 先驱报参观了新高中，这个雄心勃勃的项目已进入最后阶段，路对面的原学校的学生正准备开始测试其最先进的设施。在接下来的几个月里，学生和老师将参观学校，以确保平稳过渡。“这将是一个测试人们如何在建筑内移动的问题，”曼宁表示。)可知，让学生和老师平稳过渡到这所新学校将会花上几个月时间，这是最大的挑战。选项B“Getting the students accustomed to the new situation.( 让学生适应新的环境。)”为合理论述。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章体裁为新闻报道

48、，可知第一段提出了文章的中心话题“Arthur Phillip High School, located in Parramatta, New South Wales (NSW), Australia, will be NSWs first public high-rise high school. When it opens, the school will be different from anything else weve got across the system.( 位于澳大利亚新南威尔士州Parramatta的Arthur Phillip高中将成为新南威尔士州的第一所公立高层高

49、中。当它开放的时候，学校将不同于我们整个系统的任何其他东西。)”可知，本文主要介绍了这所公立高层高中。选项A“NSWs First Public High-rise High School”合理概括主旨要义。故选A项。DA global group of scientists have reduced the time it takes to find and introduce disease-resistance genes from wild plants into domestic crops such as rice, wheat and potato, a research rev

50、ealed on Tuesday.Scientists from the John Innes Center in Britain, along with colleagues from Australia and the United States, have created a database known as AgRenSeq, where researchers can easily search for resistance genes already discovered in wild relatives of modern crops.The study was co-aut

51、hored by a global expert Professor HarbansBariana from the University of Sydney, who said that this technology will support the discovery and characterization of new sources of disease resistance in plants. Once researchers have identified resistance genes using AgRenSeq, they can clone them and int

52、roduce them to domestic crops to protect against diseases and pests,“We have found a way to scan the genome(基因组)of a wild relative of a crop plant and pick out the resistance genes we need and we can do it in record time,” Dr. Brande Wulff, a project leader from the John Innes Centre, said.“This use

53、d to be a process that took l0 Or 15 years and was like searching for a needle in a haystack(干草堆),” Wulff said. “We have perfected the method so that we can clone these genes in a matter of months and for just thousands of dollars instead of millions.”The team are highly optimistic about their work,

54、 predicting it to be utilized in protecting many crops with wild relatives including soybeans, pea, cotton, potato, wheat, rice, banana and cocoa. “Using speed cloning and speed breeding we could deliver resistance genes into the best varieties within a couple of years, like a phoenix(凤凰) rising fro

55、m the ashes,” Wulff added.12. How have the researchers developed the resistance genes?A. By reducing the research time.B. By introducing them to wild plants.C. By cloning them from domestic crops.D. By getting resistance genes from wild plants.13. What will be the use of the study in the future?A. I

56、t will protect crops from being damaged by pests.B. It will create a database for researchers to search.C. It will protect domestic crops for 10 to 15 years.D. It will contribute to reducing the wild plants.14. Which of the following best explains “utilized” underlined in Paragraph 6?A. Produced.B.

57、Made.C. Used.D. Studied.15. What can we infer from what Brande Wulff said?A. The resistance genes cost millions of dollars.B. The resistance genes were found in a haystack.C. It took the researchers ten years to find the resistance genes.D. Disease-resistance genes will be put into practice soon.【答案

58、】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了抗病基因。科学家们从野生植物中获取抗病基因，并创造了数据库AgRenSeq，以识别抗病基因，并借此克隆基因，讲抗病基因引入农作物，以防止疾病和害虫破坏。12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“A global group of scientists have reduced the time it takes to find and introduce disease-resistance genes from wild plants into domestic crops such as rice, w

59、heat and potato, a research revealed on Tuesday.( 本周二公布的一项研究显示，一组全球科学家已经缩短了从野生植物中发现抗病基因并将其引入水稻、小麦和土豆等国内作物的时间。)”可知抗病基因从野生植物中获得。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Once researchers have identified resistance genes using AgRenSeq, they can clone them and introduce them to domestic crops to protect against dise

60、ases and pests( 一旦研究人员利用AgRenSeq鉴定出抗病基因，他们就可以克隆这些基因，并将其引入农作物中，以抵御病虫害)”可知，研究将会防止农作物被害虫破坏。故选A项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在部分的前半句“The team are highly optimistic about their work”可知，该团队对他们的工作表示高度乐观，因此后半句应在表达他们期待的结果“predicting it to be utilized in protecting many crops with wild relatives including soybeans, p

61、ea, cotton, potato, wheat, rice, banana and cocoa.”由前文第三段末尾可知其期待的结果即目的为“Once researchers have identified resistance genes using AgRenSeq, they can clone them and introduce them to domestic crops to protect against diseases and pests( 一旦研究人员利用AgRenSeq鉴定出抗病基因，他们就可以克隆这些基因，并将其引入农作物中，以抵御病虫害)”，因此可知，划线单词ut

62、ilized应与该句中的introduce表达含义相同，为“投入；使用”含义。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容：“Using speed cloning and speed breeding we could deliver resistance genes into the best varieties within a couple of years, like a phoenix rising from the ashes,” Wulff added.( “通过快速克隆和快速育种，我们可以在几年内将抗性基因导入最佳品种，就像凤凰涅槃，”武尔夫补充说。)可知抗病基因不久

63、之后将会投入实践。故选D项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余Vitamin D is necessary for bone-building, immune function, blood sugar control, positive mood and more. _16_ The lower your vitamin D level is, the higher your risk of death from ally cause will be. However, its not a great id

64、ea to just take a supplement (补品) off the drugstore shelf and start taking it.Since many of us have an inadequate amount vitamin D, also known as the “sunshine vitamin”, doctors will often give us high levels of D supplements, with doses ranging from 2,000 to 10,000 IU (International Units) per day,

65、 up to 50,000 IU per week and sometimes even more. _17_ Very big doses ( 剂量) of vitamin D can cause a build-up of calcium ( 钙) in the blood, which leads to poor appetite, weakness, weight loss or other diseases. Heres the bigger issue: _18_ A build-up of stored vitamin D cart cause avoidable problem

66、s, leading to problems such as kidney stones._19_ The National Institutes of Health set the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin D at 600 IU daily for babies, children, and adults up to 70 years old. Adults aged 71 and older need 800 IU, since the ability to absorb vitamin D drops with age. Bec

67、ause the fat cells take vitamin D up, making it less available for use by tile body, _20_Though youll get a bit of vitamin D from foodsincluding fatty fish, beef liver, cheese, milk and so onthe amounts are so small that theres little need to worry that theyll put you over the daily dose.A. It can h

68、elp prevent many diseases.B. We can actually reduce the risk of death.C. people who are fat may also need more vitaminD. any extra intake of vitamin D can get stored in the body.E. But like all good things, its possible to get too much of it.F The average daily recommended amounts vary based on your

69、 age.G. Vitamin D should be supplemented carefully despite its importance.【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为对于人体的积极作用的维生素D 在过量服用后反而会给身体带来负担和伤害，从而警示人们要按照年龄和体质不同而适量服用。【16题详解】根据前一句“Vitamin D is necessary for bone-building, immune function, blood sugar control, positive mood and

70、more.( 维生素D对骨骼发育、免疫功能、血糖控制、积极情绪等都是必要的。)”可知，前一句在讲维生素D的积极作用，且后文“The lower your vitamin D level is, the higher your risk of death from any cause will be.( 你的维生素D水平越低，你因任何原因死亡的风险就越高。)”讲述了缺乏维生素D带来的疾病死亡风险，因此可推知，设空句承前启后既要讲到其对身体的益处，也要讲到其对抗疾病的作用。选项A“It can help prevent many diseases.( 它可以帮助预防许多疾病。)”符合语境分析。故选

71、A项。【17题详解】根据后一句“Very big doses of vitamin D can cause a build-up of calcium in the blood, which leads to poor appetite, weakness, weight loss or other diseases.( 大剂量的维生素D会导致血液中钙的积聚，从而导致食欲不振、虚弱、体重下降或其他疾病。)”可知，该部分在阐述过量服用维生素D的具体后果，因此设空句应提到其“过犹不及”。选项E“But like all good things, its possible to get too mu

72、ch of it.( 但就像所有的好东西一样，我们可能服用量太大而不能得到其益处)。”讲述了“过犹不及”。故选E项。【18题详解】根据后一句“A build-up of stored vitamin D cart cause avoidable problems, leading to problems such as kidney stones.( 储存的维生素D会导致一些本可避免的问题，如肾结石。)”可知，这里举例说明了储存在体内的维生素D会导致疾病，因此设空句应是提及维生素D的储存性。选项D“any extra intake of vitamin D can get stored in

73、the body.( 任何额外摄入的维生素D都会储存在体内。)”符合语境分析，且句中的stored与后一句中的“stored”属于词汇复现原则。故选D项。【19题详解】根据后文“The National Institutes of Health set the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin D at 600 IU daily for babies, children, and adults up to 70 years old. Adults aged 71 and older need 800 IU, since the ability

74、to absorb vitamin D drops with age.”提及了不同年龄对于维生素D的需求。因此，设空句作为段首句，应是主题句，点明主题：不同年龄需求量的不同（The average daily recommended amounts vary based on your age.）。故选F项。【20题详解】根据前一句“Because the fat cells take vitamin D up, making it less available for use by tile body(因为脂肪细胞吸收维生素D，使之不能被身体利用)”可知该句讲述了“肥胖”人士反而缺乏维生素D

75、的原因，因此设空句对此总结：“肥胖”人士可能需要更多的维生素D（people who are fat may also need more vitamin）。故选C项。【点睛】七选五技巧之篇章结构显神通篇章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构通常是主题句（总）+支撑句（分）。支撑句分述主题的具体内容，说明其原因或举例证明等。有的题利用文章或段落的“总分”结构来解题也很管用。比如文章第4小题：_4_ The National Institutes of Health set the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin D at 600 IU daily fo

76、r babies, children, and adults up to 70 years old. Adults aged 71 and older need 800 IU, since the ability to absorb vitamin D drops with age.根据位置判断设空句应是本段主题中心句。结合后文内容分述了主题的具体内容：年龄，摄入量。因此可以用选项F“The average daily recommended amounts vary based on your age.”来概括分述内容，作为“总”。因此答案为F项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

77、第一节（共20小题;每小题15分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Last week, a thing occurred in the classroom of a 4th-grade at Chino Valley Unified School.It was Autism（自闭症）Awareness Month and every _21_ had been asked to have each student _22_ a paper puzzle piece and hang it on their classroom

78、doors. When Ms. Lisa Moe _23_ the puzzle pieces, most of her students were familiar with the _24_ of autism and they were _25_ of the reason for doing so. However, they did not know autism was _26_ within their own classroom in their _27_ classmate: Jackie.With _28_, Jackie raised his hand and said,

79、 May I please say something? Moe nodded but never could she have imagined what was to _29_ She explained in a blog post:Jackie has _30_ challenges and barriers beyond what any of us will ever be able to fully _31_. But today, he stood in the front of the classroom with full _32_ and showed us that n

80、o challenge or barrier can _33_. He brought to life the meaning of Yes, I Can !Both the teacher and students were hanging on his every word. For a(n)_34_ time, Moe never thought of getting out her phone to _35_ this moment, but finally she _36_ it. Without any of the students knowing, she recorded t

81、he _37_ moments of Jackies, along with the _38_ of the other students as they raised their hands to ask questions.Jackies mother was _39_ by the video and told Moe Watching Jackie so bravely speak about autism is beyond what I can _40_ express. Thank you!”21. A. schoolB. familyC. classroomD. court22

82、. A. decorateB. stillC. windD. cast23. A. handed inB. handed outC. handed overD. handed up24. A. viewsB. thoughtsC. beliefD. idea25. A. capableB. afraidC. guiltyD. aware26. A. shyB. presentC. hiddenD. clear27. A. fellowB. newC. humorousD. single28. A. disappointmentB. surpriseC. excitementD. anxiety

83、29. A. tolerateB. spreadC. constructD. follow30. A. createdB. doubtedC. facedD. launched31. A. expressB. completeC. understandD. explain32. A. ambitionB. confidenceC. strengthD. power33. A. hold him backB. give him upC. set him apartD. keep him away34. A. certainB. longC. instantD. rapid35. A. remem

84、berB. sculptureC. recallD. shoot36. A. realizedB. remindedC. putD. got37. A. beginningB. unexpectedC. unfortunateD. final38. A. suggestionsB. responsesC. reactionsD. applauds39. A. scaredB. thrilledC. shockedD. ashamed40. A. properlyB. patientlyC. carefullyD. attentively【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 2

85、5. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A【解析】本文是记叙文。曾经患有自闭症的杰基在同学面前勇敢地讲述自己的经历，引起了同学激烈的反应。莫伊老师拍摄了这些时刻，并发送到博客上。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是自闭症宣传月，要求每个教室里每个学生装饰一张纸拼图，并将它挂在教室门上。A. school学校；B. family家庭；C. classroom教室；D. court法庭。根据上文“a thing occurred in the cl

86、assroom of a 4th-grade”可知，故事发生在教室里。故选C 项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是自闭症宣传月，要求每个教室里每个学生装饰一张纸拼图，并将它挂在教室门上。A. decorate装饰；B. still使静止不动；C. wind缠绕；D. cast投掷，抛。此处应该是孩子们需要将拼图装饰起来，然后挂起来。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当丽莎莫伊老师分发拼图的时候，她的大部分学生对自闭症的概念都很熟悉，他们也知道这样做的原因。A. handed in上交；B. handed out分发；C. handed over移交；D. handed

87、up举手。老师把拼图分发给孩子们，让孩子们按要求去做。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当丽莎莫伊老师分发拼图的时候，她的大部分学生对自闭症的概念都很熟悉，他们也知道这样做的原因。A. views观点；B. thoughts想法；C. belief相信，信仰；D. idea概念。根据上文“It was Autism（自闭症）Awareness Month”，因为是自闭症宣传月，因此可以推断大部分学生对什么是自闭症很了解。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当丽莎莫伊老师分发拼图的时候，她的大部分学生对自闭症的概念都很熟悉，他们也知道这样做的原因。 A. capabl

88、e有能力的； B. afraid害怕的；C. guilty内疚的；D. aware意识到的，知道的。根据“most of her students were familiar with the 4 of autism”可以推断，他们知道为什么要装饰拼图并挂起来。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他们并不知道自闭症存在于他们自己的教室里，在他们的同学杰基身上。A. shy害羞的；B. present存在的，出席的，到场的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. clear清晰的。短语be present “存在于”。根据however推知,他们不知道同学杰基就患有自闭症。故选B项。【

89、27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他们并不知道自闭症存在于他们自己的教室里，在他们的同学杰基身上。A. fellow同伴的；B. new新的；C. humorous幽默的；D. single单身的。短语fellow classmate“同学”。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰基兴奋地举起手说：“我能说几句吗?” A. disappointment 失望；B. surprise惊讶；C. excitement兴奋；D. anxiety焦虑。同学并不知道杰基有自闭症，他是带着激动地心情要求讲述自己的自闭症经历。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莫伊点点头，但

90、她怎么也想象不出接下来会发生什么。A. tolerate容忍；B. spread传播，蔓延；C. construct建筑；D. follow跟随，接下来。当杰基想要发言的时候，莫伊老师不知道接下来他会说什么。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在一篇博文中解释道：“杰基面临的挑战和障碍是我们任何人都无法完全理解的”。A. created创造；B. doubted怀疑；C. faced面对；D. launched发起。根据背景知识，自闭症患者肯定会经历很多困难，面临很多挑战和障碍。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在一篇博文中解释道：“杰基面临的挑战和障碍是我们任何

91、人都无法完全理解的”。A. express表达；B. complete完成；C. understand理解；D. explain解释。杰基经历的困难和挑战，是常人所不能理解的。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“但是今天，他充满自信地站在教室的前面，告诉我们任何挑战和障碍都不能阻挡他。他赋予了生命一个意义是的，我能!。” A. ambition抱负，志向；B. confidence信心；C. strength力量；D. power权力。根据下文杰基的妈妈所说的话“Watching Jackie so bravely speak about autism”可知，杰基是充满信心地勇敢

92、地站在同学面前，讲述他的故事。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“但是今天，他充满自信地站在教室的前面，告诉我们任何挑战和障碍都不能阻挡他。他赋予了生命一个意义是的，我能!。”A. hold him back抑制，阻碍；B. give him up放弃；C. set him apart使分来；D. keep him away使远离。根据莫伊老师对杰基的评价“He brought to life the meaning of Yes, I Can !”可知，没有困难可以阻碍杰基。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在很长一段时间里，莫伊没有想起要拿出手机拍下这一刻，但

93、她终于意识到了。A. certain肯定的；B. long长的；C. instant立即的；D. rapid迅速的。根据上文“Both the teacher and students were hanging on his every word.”，老师和学生都全神贯注地听着他讲的每一个字，以至于莫伊老师过了很长时间才想起要用手机拍下这一时刻。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间里，莫伊没有想起要拿出手机拍下这些时刻，但她终于意识到了。A. remember记忆；B. sculpture雕塑；C. recall回忆；D. shoot拍摄。根据下文“she record

94、ed the 17 moments of Jackies”可知，莫伊老师用手机拍下这些时刻。故选D项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很长一段时间里，莫伊没有想起要拿出手机拍下这些时刻，但她终于意识到了。A. realized意识到；B. reminded提醒，使想起；C. put放下；D. got 得到。莫伊老师最后终于意识到要记录下这些珍贵的时刻。故选A项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在没有任何学生知道的情况下，她记录下了杰基的最后时刻，以及其他学生举手提问时的反应。A. beginning开始的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. unfortunate不幸的；

95、D. final最后的。根据“along with the 18 of the other students as they raised their hands to ask questions.”，其他同学举手提问应该是杰基的讲话结束的时候,因此她记录下的是最后的时刻。故选D项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在没有任何学生知道的情况下，她记录下了杰基的最后时刻，以及其他学生举手提问时的反应。A. suggestions建议；B. responses回应；C. reactions反应；D. applauds鼓掌。根据“they raised their hands to ask qu

96、estions.”可以推断，杰基讲述自己自闭症的经历，在同学中引起热烈的反应。故选C项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰基的母亲对这段视频感到激动不已，她对莫伊说：“看着杰基如此勇敢地谈论自闭症，我不知该如何恰当地表达（自己的心情）。谢谢你！”A. scared感到害怕；B. thrilled非常兴奋的，极为激动地；C. shocked感到震惊的；D. ashamed感到羞愧的。根据杰基的母亲所说的话“Watching Jackie so bravely speak about autism”可以推断， 当看到杰基勇敢地谈论自己的自闭症的视频时，他妈妈很激动。故选B项。【40题详解】考

97、查副词词义辨析。句意：杰基的母亲对这段视频感到激动不已，她对莫伊说：“看着杰基如此勇敢地谈论自闭症，我不知该如何恰当地表达（自己的心情）。谢谢你！” A. properly适当地；B. patiently耐心地；C. carefully小心地；D. attentively注意地，聚精会神地。杰基的妈妈太激动了，不知道该如何恰当地表达出此时此刻的心情。故选A项。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“Leave a place better than you found it.” is a simple philoso

98、phy that I hold dear. I led 20 volunteers to help clean up the Great Wall in April. Tile Great Wall is one of the _41_ (great)structures in the world. Everyone has a responsibility to protect it.I first went to China to visit the Great Wall in 1986. Since 1990, I _42_ (stay)in China with my family,

99、_43_ (spend)more than 2,700 days on the Great Wall. I have written several books on the subject, and also fronted documentaries.I am credited with arousing Chinas _44_ (nation) consciousness to protect the Great Wall and its environment and I have held several exhibitions. _45_ (protect) the Great W

100、all and assume the role _46_ its international ambassador, I got permanent residency（居住权） in China. I live in a village below the Great Wall.Its a good thing that people are going out to enjoy _47_ (they) and to discover tire great heritage and history, but _48_ is also quite dangerous if they dont

101、understand _49_ fragile the environment is. Every person can make a _50_ (different). If we can get everybody to protect the environment, the world will be more green, beautiful and healthy.【答案】41. greatest 42. have stayed 43. spending 44. national 45. To protect 46. of /as 47. themselves 48. it 49.

102、 how 50. difference【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要介绍了作者领着20个志愿者去清扫长城，认为长城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一，每个人都有责任保护它。作者用他的行动唤起了中国保护长城及其环境的民族意识，如果我们能让每个人都保护环境，世界将会更加绿色，美丽和健康。【41题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：长城是世界上最宏伟的建筑之一。one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最之一”。故填greatest。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：从1990年开始，我就和我的家人呆在中国，在长城上度过了2700多天。分析可知，所填空应是句中的谓语，根据时间状语“sinc

103、e 1986”可知，应用现在完成时。故填have stayed。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从1990年开始，我就和我的家人呆在中国，在长城上度过了2700多天。分析可知，所填空应在句中作状语，与主语之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填spending。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：为了保护长城，担任其国际形象大使，我获得了中国的永久居留权。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作定语修饰之后的名词“consciousness”。故填national。【45题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了保护长城，担任其国际形象大使，我获得了中国的永久居留权。分析可知，所填空应是句中的目的状语，to do

104、不定式可放在句首作为目的状语。故填To protect.【46题详解】考查介词。句意：为了保护长城，并担任其国际大使，我获得了中国的永久居留权。分析可知，空的前后均为名词，应用介词作为媒介连接前后名词。the role of/as sth，“作为的角色”。故填of/as。【47题详解】考查反身代词。句意：人们出去玩，去发现伟大的遗产和历史，这是件好事，但如果他们不了解环境是多么脆弱，这也是相当危险的。enjoy oneself，“玩的开心”。故填themselves。【48题详解】考查形式主语。句意：人们出去玩，去发现伟大的遗产和历史，这是件好事，但如果他们不了解环境是多么脆弱，这也是相当危险

105、的。分析可知，所填空应是句中主语的位置，且“if they dont understand _9_ fragile the environment is.”为真正主语，因此可知，所填空应需要it形式主语。故填it。【49题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：人们出去玩，去发现伟大的遗产和历史，这是件好事，但如果他们不了解环境是多么脆弱，这也是相当危险的。分析可知，“_9_ fragile the environment is”应是宾语从句。从句应为感叹句结构：how+形容词+主语+be。故填how。【50题详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都可以有所作为。make a difference，“有影响”。故填d

106、ifference。【点睛】语法填空之介词大揭秘如何判断需填写介词：无提示词：注意搭配问题；与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等；与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语。如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词或代词前一定是填介词。其次，还要注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用。比如文章第6小题：assume the role _6_ its international ambassador根据判断规则，小题6符合填写介词的特点：无提示词；空前为名词“the role”，空后为名词“its international ambassador”，且看作为一种身份“国际形象大使”。根据短语搭配th

107、e role of/as sth，“作为的角色”，符合句意。故填as/of。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）51.假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1，每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。My uncle set up

108、a small business in our city four years ago. He is known as using iron from old cars to make beautifully art pieces. Last summer vacation, I visit him and he showed to me many of his works. Some are larger pieces looked like animals and humans, and others are smaller pieces you can put at home. He o

109、ften encourages me to be creative like himself. The art tells people the important of environmental protection. Whats more, it shows that even irons can be brought back to life with little creativity.【答案】1.asfor2. beautifullybeautiful 3. visitvisited 4.去掉me前的to 5. lookedlooking6. andor 7.himselfhim

110、8. importantimportance 9. ironsiron 10.little前加a【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的叔叔是一位用废弃汽车的铁制造艺术品的人，同时讲述了叔叔的言行对作者产生了一定的影响：要有创造力。【详解】1.考查介词。句意：他以用旧汽车的铁来制作精美的艺术品而闻名。be known as+n.，意为“作为而出名”；be known for doing，“因为做某事而出名”，符合句意。故将as改为for。2.考查形容词。句意：他以用旧汽车的铁来制作精美的艺术品而闻名。分析可知，应用形容词作定语修饰名词短语“art pieces”。故将beautif

111、ully改为beautiful。3.考查时态。句意：去年暑假，我去拜访他，他给我看了他的许多作品。结合时间状语“last summer vacation”可知，应是一般过去时。故将visit改为visited。4.考查介词和固定结构。句意：去年暑假，我去拜访他，他给我看了他的许多作品。show sb. sth，意为“给某人展示某物”，show为及物动词，之后直接接宾语。故去掉me前的 to。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：有些是看起来像动物或人的大件作品，有些是可以放在家里的小件作品。分析可知，look like animals and humans应是之前名词“larger pieces”的后置定

112、语，且与之为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故将looked改为looking。6.考查连词。句意：有些是看起来像动物或人的大件作品，有些是可以放在家里的小件作品。结合句意可知，这里表达有的像动物，有的像人类，应用连词or连接表达“或者”含义。故将and改为or。7.考查反身代词。句意：他经常鼓励我要像他一样有创造力。根据句意可知，这里表示“像他一样有创造力”，句子的宾语是me，故此处不用反身代词。故将himself改为him。8.考查名词。句意：艺术告诉人们环境保护重要性。分析可知，定冠词the之后应是名词。故将important改为importance。9.考查名词。句意：更重要的是，它表明，

113、即使是铁，只要有一点创造力，也能起死回生。分析可知，iron意为“铁”，不可数名词。故将irons改为iron。10.考查冠词。句意：更重要的是，它表明，即使是铁，只要有一点创造力，也能起死回生。分析可知，句中应用形容词修饰creativity，a little，意为“一点儿”，可看作为形容词，用作定语。故在little前加a。【点睛】短文改错之非谓语动词错用非谓语动词在改错题中属于高频考点，非谓语主要包括不定式，分词和动名词。改错中的主要错误在于非谓语动词与主要谓语动词之间的混淆。在判断为非谓语之后，进一步判断其与之关联逻辑主语的主被动关系，检查是否符合主动现在分词被动过去分词的原则从而进行

114、有必要的改动。比如文章的第5处错误：Some are larger pieces looked like animals and humans判断可知，主要谓语为“are”，因此look like应是非谓语，且与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。因此要将looked改为looking。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，在英国伦敦大学学习,你校汉语俱乐部欲招收成员。请你写个招聘启事。内容包括：1.报名条件；2.活动内容；3.联系方式（邮箱 Chineseloveryahoo, com） .注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Notice_Chinese

115、 ClubUniversity of London【答案】NoticeOur Chinese Club is looking for club members. Whoever has interest in the Chinese language and culture is welcome. We prefer those with passion and teamwork spirit. More importantly, he or she should have the ability to work independently. Those who have a good com

116、mand of Chinese history are our favorite. Fluency in Chinese is preferred as well. The possible activities include a weekly after-school language learning course, a monthly get-together discussing a certain cultural phenomenon unique to China and a yearly celebration of a major festival. If you are

117、interested, please contact us at C and send your resume to us.Chinese Club University of London【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文, 要求写一封招聘启事。【详解】第一步：审题：招聘启事人称：第三人称 时态： 一般现在时 结构： 招聘启事为一段，说明招聘内容、招聘条件、活动内容、联系方式等。要点：1. 招聘内容：汉语俱乐部招聘俱乐部成员2招聘条件：对汉语有热情、有团队合作精神、有独立工作能力，其中熟悉中国历史、中文流利者优先 3活动内容：每周一次语言学习课程，每月一次讨论聚会，每年一次重大节日庆祝活

118、动4. 联系方式：邮箱 C 第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ）look for；have interest in；prefer；passion；teamwork spirit；have the ability to do；work independently；have a good command of；fluency；language learning course；cultural phenomenon；be unique to；celebration；contact第三步：连词成句(1) Our Chinese Club is looking for club members. (2)

119、Anyone who has interest in the Chinese language and culture is welcome. (3) We prefer those with passion and teamwork spirit. (4) He or she should have the ability to work independently. (5)Those who have a good command of Chinese history are our favorite. (6) Fluency in Chinese is preferred as well

120、. (7)The possible activities include a weekly after-school language learning course, a monthly get-together discussing a certain cultural phenomenon unique to China and a yearly celebration of a major festival. (8) If you are interested, please contact us at C.根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。第四步：

121、连句成篇(衔接词、亮点词汇)用whoever引导的主语从句改写下面的句子(2)Anyone who has interest in the Chinese language and culture is welcome. Whoever has interest in the Chinese language and culture is welcome. 用as well as 连接下面的两个句子中的并列成分(3) We prefer those with passion and teamwork spirit. (4) He or she should have the ability t

122、o work independently. We prefer those with passio , teamwork spirit as well as the ability to work independently. 用被动语态转换下面的句子We prefer those who are fluent in Chinese.Those who are fluent in Chinese are preferred.Those who can speak Chinese fluently are preferred.Fluency in Chinese is preferred. 适当

123、地运用高级词汇、复杂句式、多变的句式提升文章的档次 ，增加文章的可读性。【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 have interest in；prefer；passion；teamwork spirit；have the ability to do；work independently；have a good command of；fluency；language learning course；cultural phenomenon；be unique to；celebration；contact等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如主语从句的运用Whoever has interest in the Chinese language and culture is welcome；定语从句的运用Those who have a good command of Chinese history are our favorite；条件状语从句的运用If you are interested, please contact us at C and send your resume to us等。