河南省淅川县第二高级中学高中英语练习 B5U5(语言点).doc

1、序号：004A高二年级英语 必修五第五单元学案-语言点Language Points 【目标解读】通过仔细阅读提炼重要知识点，训练发现问题能力，通过学习体验熟练掌握文中重点单词（aid, essential, include, ）和短语(fall ill, get injured, squeeze out, over and over again， in place)，并了解重要句型(as)的表达法。 过程方法：自主学习、小组讨论、合作探究，分组展示，巩固训练。【自主学习语言点】一. 自学四组词语辨析hurt/injure/harm/wound, cause/excuse/reason, el

2、ectric/electrical/electronic, jewelry/jewelhurt/injure/harm/wound hurt 可指肉体和心理的疼痛,如强烈的剧烈的创伤,或别人的言行给某人的情感造成的伤害。injure 指损害健康、成就、容颜等，强调功能的损失。harm 由于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其指不道德的事情。wound 指战斗或攻击中受的刀伤或枪伤，身体上出现明显的刀口。 选择hurt/injure/harm/wound,并用其适当形式填空。1. Smoking less wont _ you.2. In the war of

3、Gaza area, many innocent children and women _ in the heads.3. I intended no _to his feelings.4. Many passengers were badly _ in the accident.5. He fell down and _ his arm. cause/excuse/reasoncause指造成一种影响、结果或后果的原因或条件。（与of连用）excuse强调为逃避或减轻责任而设法辩解而使用的接口、理由。（与for连用）reason是指解释某种效果的发生或性质的措辞。（与for连用）选择caus

4、e/excuse/reason， 并用其适当形式填空。1. There was no obvious _ for the accident.2. Sometimes most students will make up a(n) _ for their absence.3. The _ she went to Guangzhou was the climate.4. Carelessness is the _ of his failure. electric/electricalelectric 意为“电的,用电的,带电的”,指任何电动的或发电的装置,被修饰的物体本身可带电electrical

5、意为“与电有关的,电气科学的”,指与电有关的事物,被修饰的词本身并不能带电electronic 意为“电子的，电子学的”选择electric/electrical，并用其适当形式填空。1. Many _ fans are required in such a large meeting room.2. The room became _ with amazement. 满屋子的人震惊得目瞪口呆3. To be an _ engineer is the dream of many boys. jewelry/jewel jewelry珠宝，珠宝类的总称jewel 珠宝 选择jewelry或 je

6、wel并用其适当形式填空。1. The _ of the rich were often kept in the bank.2. She locked her _ in the _ box. treatment n.治疗,疗法;待遇 treat sb well (badly)对某人好(不好)treat sb as/like 当对待；处理 treat sb to sth 请某人吃treat sth seriously 认真对待某事 (Its) ones treat. 某人请客 1.医生治不了这种病。The doctors were_.2.这顿饭我请客，你把钱收起来吧。_, so put your

7、 money away.3.他们对待子女很不好。They_.4. 我请大家吃顿饭。Ill_.5.She _one of her family.她把我当家人看待。cure通常强调结果,指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病.cure sb. of disease/ a cure for the diseasetreat则通常强调过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思。如：This medicine will cure your cough.这药可治好你的咳嗽。The dentist is treating my teeth. 牙科医生在给我看牙。 The doctor _his headache w

8、ith a new drug but didnt _him.二. First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. (Warming-up L1 P33)A aid n& vt. 帮助；援助；资助1.Im going to have a first aid course. 我打算去上急救课。 2. One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty a

9、nd came to his aid.一位车站工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙。 3. Im collecting money in aid of starving children. 为了帮助饥饿的孩子们，我正在搞募捐。 in aid of 支持，帮助 with the aid of sb. with sb.s aid 在某人的帮助下come to ones aid 来帮助某人 aid sb.in sth./doing sth. 在某方面帮助某人aid sb.with sth. 以某物帮助某人 aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事1. _(在一位邻居的帮助下)，he manage

10、d to put out the fire. 2.They _ (用钱帮助那个穷乡村)3. I _ (帮她继续) her study. 4. They pulled the man from the water and gave him first aid.5. I couldnt speak any French，but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.6. He aided me to study hard. B. falls ill(在此短语中,fall是连系动词,后面直接形容词,表示“进入某种状态,变得”.如：fall

11、 silent; fall asleep) fall ill 生病(表示动作) be ill 生病(表示状态) fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后 fall down 跌倒 fall in love with. 爱上 1. He fell ill soon after the incident and did not recover.那次事件过后不久他就病倒了，而且一病不起。2. Given the pressing situation，we must move forward, or we will fall behind.形势严峻,不进则退。 1. He_ for

12、ten days.他病了十天了。2. He _ soon after the incident and did not recover. 那次事件过后不久他就病倒了，而且一病不起。3. On seeing her，the king immediately _. 国王一看到她就爱上了她。4. No sooner had he gone to bed than he _. .Afell sleeping Bfall sleep Cfelt asleep Dfell asleep5. William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his e

13、yesight was beginning to _.A disappear B fall C fail D damage6. John is very laze. He falls _ behind in his studies. A very B far C more D stillC get injured 受伤1. She got badly injured in the accident. 她在这起事故中受了重伤。 2. Some glasses got broken when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候,有些玻璃杯被打碎了。 get burnt 烧伤，烫伤 ge

14、t broken 破碎，断了 get hurt受伤 get killed 被杀死 get separated分散，被分开 get damaged遭到破坏 get drowned被淹死 get caught in 陷入,遭遇 get lost.迷路 get paid 得到报酬 The vase was broken by someone, but the owner wants to know how it got broken.花瓶被某人打破了，但主人想知道它是怎样被打破的。was broken说明“一种_”：花瓶被某人打破了。got broken则强调“一种_”：它是怎么被打破的。又如：Th

15、e children were lost in the forest, I wonder how they got lost.孩子们在森林里迷了路。我不知道他们是怎么迷路的。 get + 宾语 + 宾补(to do/doing/done) 1. -What happened to him? -He_ by a snake when he went through the forest.A. gets bitten B. got bitten C. is bitten D. was being bitten2. As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my

16、 friends. A. lost B. spared C. separated D. missed3. My car broke down. I cant get it _(run) again. Id like to get someone _(repair). Can you get it _(start).三. Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times( Warming up L5 P33) injury n. 受伤；损伤；受伤处1. He suffered severe injuries

17、 in a traffic accident.他在一场车祸中受了重伤。2. Many common injuries happen every day at home.家庭中每天都有许多常见的意外伤害发生。 do sb. an injury伤害某人 be an injury to sb./sth 伤害危害某人物 injure vt. 损伤;伤害 injured adj.受伤的 the injured 伤者;受伤的人 1.He _ his left arm in a car accident.在一次车祸事故中他的左臂受伤了。 2. Two people have _ in a road acci

18、dent.在一次交通事故中，有两个人严重受伤。3. The doctor operated on the _ man at once.医生立即为受伤的人做手术。4. _ sent to the hospital immediately.伤者马上被送往医院。5. The driver of the car received serious _ in the legs and arms.(6._.你说的话有损她的名声。四. The skin is an essential part ot you body and its largest organ. (Reading L1 P33)essenti

19、al : adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的;本质的;基本的,实质的 n. 必需品（常用复数）1. Money is not essential to happiness.金钱对于幸福并非必不可少。2. It is essential that our pilots should be given the best training. 给予我们的飞行员最好的训练时有必要的。3.It is essential for us to set our goals realistically.把目标设定得现实可行对我们来说是绝对必要的.4 The room was furnished with the b

20、are essentials-a bed, a chair and a table.这个房间摆设了最简单的必需品-一张床、一把椅子和一张桌子。 be essential to/for 对来说是必要的It is essential that 是完全必要的 (从句用虚拟should do/be done, 如句2)It is essential (for sb.) to do （某人）做是完全必要的 1. _成功必须努力工作。2. _成功教学的要素是什么？3. It is essential that he _ (get) up early. 4. I think it _ that she sh

21、ould be knowledgeable about computers for her present job.A urgent B normal C essential D gifted五. You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids,.(Reading L2 P34)variety n种类；变化；多样(化)；多变(性) 1 The children learn varieties of things at school.孩子们在学校学习各种东西。2 There is a variety of ways of gettin

22、g to the station.到火车站有很多条路。3 Many varieties of fish are sold in the market. 各种各样的鱼在这个市场销售。 a (wide/large/great) variety ofvarieties ofvarious 各种各样的 vary v相异，不同；变化vary from.to. 从到不等；在到之间变动various adj.各种各样的 variously adv. 以各种方式；不同地 “a variety of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the variety of+复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 1.

23、 There is _ to choose from. 有种类繁多的图案可供选择。2. She took the job _.她由于种种原因接受了这份工作。3. This tool can be used in various ways.This tool can be used in _ ways.4. A variety of books _(have) been published in the press.5. The variety of goods in this shop _(be) rich.六. These affect only the top layer of the s

24、kin.( L7 P34)affect: vt. 影响；对发生作用 1 The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.雨量影响作物的生长。2 His charm doesnt affect or impress me. 他的魅力对我不起作用。 be affected at 听到而感动 be affected with患有疾病 effect n. 作用；影响 have an effect on/upon对有影响 1. They _ all _ the news.2. The patient _ cancer.3.The rain has _ on

25、the crops.六. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment.(L6P34) include vt. 包括；包含；列入 1. The price includes both house and furniture.价钱包括房子和家具。2. They have many pets, including three cats.他们有很多宠物，猫就有三只。3. Many students were late for class, our mon

26、itor included. 很多学生迟到了,包括我们的班长。 including prep. 包含；包括 included adj. 包含的；被包括在内的 There were only 12 persons in the bus, a baby _. / _ a baby. A to include B including C included D include七. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. stick vi. 粘，贴 1 This glue doesnt sti

27、ck very well. 这种胶水粘不住。2 He is a man who sticks to his friends. 他是个忠于朋友的人。3 The bus was stuck in the mud. 公共汽车陷在泥里动不了了。 be stuck to 被粘在上 sth. stick to/onto someplace 某物粘在某处 stick to 坚持;固守;遵守;忠于 stick out 伸出 be stuck in 陷入 be struck on迷恋上1. A piece of chewing gum _ my shoe. 一片口香糖粘在我的鞋上。2. If you _ the

28、 truth, you have nothing to fear.你要是坚持真理就无所畏惧。3. _(紧跟在我后面) and you wont get lost.4. _ the traffic jam.我陷入交通堵塞。5. The boy _ computer games.这个男孩一直迷恋电脑游戏。6. Once a decision has been made, all of us should _ it.A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to八. squeezing them out and placing them on the

29、burned area over and over again for about (L47, P34)A squeeze v. 榨；挤；压榨 1. He squeezed her hand and smiled at her.他捏了捏她的手，冲她笑了笑。2.She felt as if every drop of emotion had been squeezed from her.她觉得自己的激情似乎已经榨尽.3. She squeezed the water out of the cloth.她把布里面的水挤了出来。4. This machine helps you to squeeze

30、 more juice out.这台机器可以帮你挤出更多的果汁。5. It is difficult to squeeze ones way out in a crowded bus. 在拥挤的公共汽车里挤出去真不容易。 squeeze out挤出 squeeze out of把从中榨出来 squeeze through/into挤进 squeeze ones way勉强通过;挤出去1. Could you please _ one room for him? 你能帮他挤出一间房来吗？2. We managed to _ the car.我们设法在那辆车上挤进了六个人。3. If you come this afternoon the doctor will try to _.你要是今天下午来，大夫可以挤时间给你看看。The opening between the rocks was very narrow, but the soldiers manage to _ through. A. press B. spread C. squeeze D. jump