江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习 主谓一致 牛津版.doc

1、江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习 主谓一致 牛津版【要点提示】所谓主谓一致，主要是指主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”上的一致，其基本原则有三个：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和邻近原则。下面就初中阶段需要掌握的重点内容作一归纳。1. 主语是单数，即使后面跟with， except， as well as等引导的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如：Mr Green with two students is standing outside the classroom.2. each以及由every, some, any, no等构成的不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如：Each

2、of the children has an apple. Everything begins to grow fast in spring.3. 动词不定式（短语）、v-ing形式（短语）等在句中作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。例如：To do is much more difficult than to say. Climbing hills is his hobby.4. 表示时间、金钱、长度等的短语作主语表示整体时，谓语动词常用单数形式。例如：Three years has already passed.5. “one of + 复数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

3、One of the students was hurt in the accident.6. family， class， police等集体名词作主语表示整体概念时，谓语动词用单数形式；若表示具体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：His family is moving next month. His family enjoy watching the football match.但是people一词在表示“人”时，总是表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Look! Three American people are playing with the dog.7. 由and连接两个名

4、词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果表示的是一种事物或一个概念时，谓语动词则用单数形式。例如：His mother and his sister are good at dancing. The teacher and writer is the twins father.8. “some / all / half / most / the rest / 分数等 + of + 名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of 后的名词或代词的数。例如：Half of the milk was polluted. The rest of the doctors are all f

5、rom Canada.9. what, who 等疑问代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。但是，如果说话人确信回答中要用复数主语（尤其是问句中的某些词语表明答句中要用复数主语时），则可用动词的复数形式。例如：Whats in the box? Who have not received their postcards?10. “. pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等 + of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词常与pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等保持一致。例如：This kind of book is interesting. These kinds

6、of books are sold well.11. “none / neither / either + of + 复数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。例如：Neither of them are / is welcome.12. either . or . / neither . nor . / . or . / not only . but also .等连接并列主语时，谓语动词一般和与之靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即采用邻近原则。there be句型中的谓语动词的数也常采用该原则。例如：Either you or he has to stay at home.

7、 Has Lucy or you called me?但是both . and .连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Both he and she are good at English.【专项练习】. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。( )1. Do you live alone, Mr Chen?Yes, _ of my children lives with me.A. neitherB. bothC. allD. nothing( )2. To me, fifty yuan _ enough.A. haveB. hasC. isD. are( )3. Tw

8、o thirds of the birds in the forest _ killed by people last year.A. wereB. wasC. has beenD. had been( )4. Tom with other boys _ to watch the game.A. wantB. wantsC. had wantedD. have wanted( )5. Doing eye exercises every day _ good for your eyes.A. areB. isC. hasD. have( )6. His family _ all very kin

9、d and friendly.His family_ a happy one. A. are; isB. is; isC. are; areD. is; are ( )7. One of the books _ written by a policeman.A. was B. areC. were D. be( )8. Either you or he _ the chance to drive to Beijing.A. is B. areC. have D. has( )9. _ this pair of shoes your fathers?No. They _ my brothers.

10、A. Are; isB. Are; areC. Is; areD. Is; is( )10. _ someone coming this evening?Im not sure.A. Was B. IsC. AreD. Were. 下列各句带下划线部分中有一处错误，请找出并改正。1. The number of the students are 50._2. Physics seem easy for him. _ 3. Are there anything interesting in todays newspaper?_4. Most of the water are clean in the countryside._5. Both Tom and I was students at that time._参考答案主谓一致专项练习. 1-5 ACABB 6-10 AADCB. 1. areis 2. seemseems 3. AreIs 4. areis 5. waswere