江苏省南京市秦淮区2022高考英语 暑假作业 基础训练（6）.docx

1、南京市秦淮区2022高考英语（暑假基础训练（6）附答案.完形填空This idea is known as “the selffulfilling prophecy”When you believe the team will perform well, in some strange, magical way they do.And _1_, when you believe they wont perform well, they dont.There is enough experimental _2_ to suggest that the selffulfilling prophec

2、y is true.One unusual_3_in 1911 concerned a very clever horse called Hans.This horse had the reputation for being able to_4_, multiply, subtract, and divide by tapping out the answer with its hooves.The extraordinary thing was that it could do this without its trainer being present.It only needed so

3、meone to put the_5_.On investigation, it was found that when the questioner knew the answer, he or she_6_various very subtle body language clues to Hans such as the raising of an eyebrow or the dilation(扩大)of the nostrils(鼻孔)Hans simply picked up on these clues and continued_7_until he arrived at th

4、e required answer.The questioner expected a (an)_8_and Hans obliged.In similar vein, an experiment was carried out at a British school into the_9_ of a new intake of pupils.At the start of the year, the pupils were each given a rating, _10_from“excellent prospect”to “unlikely to do well”These were t

5、otally_11_ratings and did not reflect how well the pupils had previously performed.Nevertheless, these ratings were given to the teachers.At the end of the year, the experimenters_12_the pupils performance with the ratings.Despite their_13_abilities, there was an astonishingly high_14_between perfor

6、mance and ratings.It seems that people perform as well as we_15_them to.【文章大意】本文讲述试验者通过对马和小学生的调查实验发现自我实现预言是真有这么回事这也是皮格马利翁效应. 1A.hopefully BsimilarlyCsuddenly Dfortunately解析: 选B. 前后两种情况是类似的, 故选B. 2A.outcome BwayCdata Dprocedure解析: 选C. 表示有足够的资料可以证明自我实现预言是真的, 故选C. 3A.experiment BmethodCchoice Dexperien

7、ce解析: 选A. 根据前面experimental.可知应是一个非同寻常的实验, 故选A. 4A.count BaddCspeak Dthink解析: 选B. 加、减、乘、除中的加用add, 故选B. 5A.problems BanswersCclues Dquestions解析: 选D. 与前面the answer对应的是questions, 故选D. 6A.sent out Bgave outChanded out Dlet out解析: 选A. 这里要表示的是提问的人向Hans传递各种各样的微妙的身体语言提示, 故选A. 7A.counting BbeatingCbiting Dtap

8、ping解析: 选D. 前面提到Hans是靠马蹄敲出答案, 故选D. 8A.answer BresponseCreply Dhelp解析: 选B. 从后面Hans obliged提示, 发问者希望得到Hans的响应, 故选B. 9A.study BcharacterCperformance Dpersonality解析: 选C. 对新入学学生的表现进行实验, 下面也有提示, 故选C. 10A.distinguishing BrangingCdiffering Ddividing解析: 选B. range from.to.表示“范围从到不等”之意, 其他选项表示“区分”之意. 11A.delib

9、erate BparticularCspecial Darbitrary解析: 选D. 根据.did not reflect how well the pupils had previously performed.可知应是完全任意的等级评估, 故选D. 12A.compared BprovidedCsupplied Dconnected解析: 选A. 这里表示的是“试验者将学生的表现和等级评价进行对比得出结论”, 而不是进行简单的联系起来, 故选A. 13A.true BauthenticCreal Dfalse解析: 选C. 形容一个人有真本事, 应用real, 故选C. 14A.corr

10、elation BsimilarityCdifference Daccuracy解析: 选A. 实验者经过比较发现: 学生的表现与等级评价有惊人的高相关度, 故选A. 15A.want BorderCexpect Dpersuade解析: 选C. 与第一段相呼应, 我们希望人们表现好他们就会表现好, 即你认为哪个队会赢它就会赢, 故选C. *结束单项选择1(2022山东省实验中学诊断)Is Tony the student awarded at the graduation ceremony in your class?There is _ Tony，but Im afraid he isnt

11、 _ one you mentioned.Athe；theBa；aC/；the Da；the解析：选D。考查冠词用法。答句句意：有一个名叫Tony的人，但恐怕不是你提到的那个人。第一空是泛指，第二空是特指，故选D。2(2022山东省实验中学模拟)Quancheng Square is one of _ largest in China，_ second to Tiananmen Square.Athe；the Bthe；aC/；the Dthe；/解析：选D。考查冠词。在形容词的最高级前面加the，表示特指；如果序数词后没有直接跟名词，则不需要加the。结合题意可知，应选D。3(2022潍坊1

12、月份训练)Call _ steward over the next time you see him.Im having _ hard time with my seat belt.A/；the Bthe；aCa；/ D/；a解析：选B。考查冠词用法。第一空表示特指；time前有形容词修饰时用不定冠词a，have a hard time意为“度过困难时期”。故选B项。4(2022青岛第二次统一检测)The incident turned him into _ different person，even if he did not realize it at _ beginning.Aa；a B

13、the；theCthe；a Da；the解析：选D。考查冠词用法。句意：这件事把他变成了一个不同的人，即使起初他并没有意识到这一点。第一空表示泛指，故用不定冠词a；at the beginning意为“从一开始”，是固定短语，所以第二空用定冠词the。故选D项。5(2022淄博模拟)Its _ second time in five days that he has asked me for _ higher pay.A/；a Ba；theCthe；a Dthe；the解析：选C。考查冠词用法。由语境知，这是五天里他第二次向“我”要求加薪，第一个空the用于序数词之前，表“第二次”；第二个空表

14、泛指。故C项正确。6(2022临沂质量检测)If I were in _ position of the mayor，I wouldnt allow _ factory like this standing on the bank of the Yangtze River.Athe；a Bthe；/Ca；the D/；the解析：选A。考查冠词。in the position of.为固定搭配，意为“处在的位置”；第二空表示“允许一个像这样的工厂”，故用不定冠词a。即A项正确。7(2022德州模拟)Have you seen _ umbrella I left here?No，but I wi

15、ll keep _ eye out for it if possible.Athe；an Ban；theCthe；the Dan；/解析：选A。考查冠词用法。第一空“I left here”作先行词umbrella的定语从句，表特指，故用the；keep an eye out for意为“留意，当心”。故A项正确。8(2022聊城模拟)Having lived in China for 8 years，Helen has a good _ of both English and Chinese.Aprogram BguidanceCcommand Dability解析：选C。考查名词词义辨析。

16、program意为“计划；程序；节目”；guidance意为“指导”；command意为“命令；掌握”；ability意为“能力”。句意：Helen在中国生活了8年，因此他精通英语和中文。have a good command.意为“精通”，符合题意。9(2022合肥市第二次质量检测)Being able to speak another language fluently could be a great_ when you are looking for a job.Aadvantage BchanceCassistance Dimportance解析：选A。考查名词辨析。从句意“能够流利

17、地讲一门外语在找工作时是一种优势。”可知选A项advantage“优势”。B项表示“机会”；C项表示“帮助，援助”；D项表示“重要性”，都与语意不符。10(2022青岛第二次统一检测)We should bear in mind that social development and balance of nature should go in _.Acompany BsympathyCassociation Dharmony解析：选D。考查介词in搭配的短语辨析。句意：我们要牢记社会发展和自然平衡保持一致。in harmony意为“和谐一致”，符合语境。in company意为“一同；一起”

18、；in sympathy意为“同情；赞成”；in association意为“联合；有关联”。故选D项。*结束Honey(蜂蜜)from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees nest(巢)and take the honey from it.

19、 Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper-a little bird called a honey guide. The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax (蜂蜡) in Once it

20、 has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the

21、wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a

22、 beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.56. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees nest?A. Its small in size.B. Its hidden in trees.C. Its covered with wax.D. Its hard to recognize.57. What do the words the follower in Paragraph

23、2 refer to?A. A bee. B. A bird.C. A honey seeker. D. A beekeeper.58. The honey guide is special in the way _.A. it gets its foodB. it goes to churchC. it sings in the forestD. it reaches into bees nests59. What can be the best title for the text?A. Wild Bees B. Wax and HoneyC. Beekeeping in AfricaD.

24、 Honey-Lovers Helper BCAD *结束About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio(影棚)to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our act would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.We all stood at the far end of the studio as workme

25、n prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the stud

26、io, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in snow. Two more fans were turned on, and a strong wind blew through the trees. The picture loo

27、ked so real that it made us feel cold.The next scene was a complete contrast (对比). The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen (幕). An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the waters

28、edge on an island. By a trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue,clear skies had been brought into the studio!Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being fil

29、m stars!60. Who is the author?A. A cameraman.B. .A film director.C. A crowd-scene actor.D. A workman for scene setting.61. What made the author feel cold?A. The heavy snowfall.B. The man-made scene.C. The low temperature.D. The film being shown.62. What would happen in the three minutes mentioned in

30、 the last paragraph?A. A new scene would be filmed.B. More stars would act in the film.C. The author would leave the studio.D. The next scene would be prepared.参考答案-CBA *结束Last night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg，a distance of about eighty miles. It was late. Several times I got stuck b

31、ehind a slow-moving tuck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left, and I became increasingly impatient.At one point along an open road, I came to a crossing with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but as I drove near the light, it turned red and I made a stop. I looked left,

32、 right and behind me. Nothing. Not a car, no suggestion of car lamps, but there I sat, waiting for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction.I started wondering why I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of being caught, because there was clearly no policem

33、an around, and there certainly would have been no danger in going through it.Much later that night, the question of why Id stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because its part of a contract(契约)we all have with each other. Its not only the law, but it is an agreement we have, an

34、d we taut each other to honor it: we dont go through red lights.Trust is our first inclination(倾向).Doubting others does not seem to be natural to us. The whole construction of our society depends on mutual(相互)trust, not distrust .We do what we say well do; we show up when we say well show up; and we

35、 pay when we say well pay. We trust each other in these matters, and were angry or disappointed with the person or organization that breaks the trust we have in them.I was so proud of myself for stopping for the red light that night.63. Why did the author get impatient while driving?A. He was lonely

36、 on the road.B. He was slowed down by a truck.C. He got tired of driving too long.D. He came across too many traffic lights.64. What was the authors immediate action when the traffic light turned red?A. Stopping still.B. Driving through it.C. Looking around for other cars.D. Checking out for traffic

37、 police.65. The event made the author strongly believe that _.A. traffic rules may be unnecessaryB. doubting others is human natureC. patience is important to driversD. a society needs mutual trust66. Why was the author proud of himself?A. He kept his promise.B. He held back his anger.C. He followed

38、 his inclination.D. He made a right decision.参考答案-BADC *结束 Why I dont spare “Spare Change” “Poor but honest.” “The deserving (值得帮助的) poor.” These words always come to my mind when I think of “the poor.” But I also think of people who, perhaps through alcohol (酒) or drugs, have ruined not only their

39、own lives but also the lives of others in order to give way to their own pleasure. Perhaps alcoholism and drug addiction (上瘾) really are “diseases,” as many people say, but my own feeling-based, of course, not on any serious study-is that most alcoholics and drug addicts belong to the “undeserving p

40、oor.” And that is largely why I dont give spare change to beggars. But surely among the street people there are also some who can rightly be called “deserving.” Deserving what? My spare change? Or simply the governments assistance? It happens that I have been brought up to believe that it is proper

41、to make contributions to charity (慈善机构), but if I give some change to a beggar, am I making a contribution to charity and thereby helping someone, or, am I perhaps simply encouraging someone not to get help? Or, maybe even worse, am I supporting a cheat? If one believes in the value of private chari

42、ty, one can either give to needy people or to charitable organizations. In giving to a beggar one may indeed be helping a person who badly needs help, but one cannot be certain that one is giving to a needy person. In giving to an organization, on the other hand, one can feel that ones money is like

43、ly to be used wisely. True, facing a beggar one may feel that this particular unfortunate person needs help at this moment-a cup of coffee or a sandwich-and the need will not be met unless I put my hand in my pocket right now. But I have come to think that the beggars whom I meet can get along witho

44、ut my spare change, and indeed perhaps they are actually better off for not having money to buy alcohol or drugs.I know nothing about these beggars, but its my impression that they simply prefer begging to working. I am not generalizing about street people. I am talking about the people whom I actua

45、lly meet. Thats why I do not give “spare change,” and I dont think I will in the future.67. What does the author think of beggars who take drugs? A. They should be given a check-up.B. They really need money to live. C. They are not worth helping.D. They have no pleasure in life.68. Why doesnt the au

46、thor give money to street people? A. He doesnt think they need help.B. He is not convinced they will use it rightly. C. He doesnt have enough money to give. D. He believes they can get help from the government. 69. In the second paragraph, the author presents his idea by . A. expressing his opinions

47、 directlyB. giving examples to support his argument C. raising questions and answering themD. asking questions for people to think about70. Which of the following opinions does the author accept? A. Some street people are poor and needy.B. Drug addiction is a disease. C. Most beggars have received enough help.D. charitable organizations handle money properly.参考答案D-67. C 68. B 69. D 70. A*结束 11