江苏省宿迁市马陵中学高三英语复习学案： 非谓语动词.doc

1、概述非谓语动词主要包括：_，_和_三种。在句子中充当除_以外的成分。表一：非谓语动词在句子中的功能：(在可充当的成分中打)形式 成分主宾表补定 状to do-ing-ed表二：非谓语动词的形式及含义：to do 形式-ing 形式-ed 形式主动将来主动进行被动完成主动进行被动进行a developed country/ fallen leavesboiled water(只表完成)被动将来主动完成被动完成被动完成（不作定语）非谓语动词作主语：_ 和_可以充当主语。I一般来说，_作主语时，通常表示一次性的、特指的、具体的或将来的动作；_作主语时，通常表示一个经常性的、泛指的、或不具体的动作。.

2、 _ (refuse) him is not easy this time. . _ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both the young and old. . _ (teach) English is my job. . _ (be) a teacher is her greatest wish in the future.II. 注意下面的习惯句型: 1.It + be + 形容词或名词+ (for / of sb.) +_ 2.It + take + sb. +some time / sth. +_. 3.It + be + no us

3、e / no good / useless / a waste of sth. + _4.There + be + no + _(做某事是不行或不可能的) . It was foolish of you _ (give) up what you rightly owned. . There is no _ (hold) back the wheel of history. . I think its no good _ (argue) with your parents.III. _is to believe. _is believing.非谓语动词作表语:I.-ed 表 _ -ing表_ T

4、he news is _ and I am _at the news. (surprise)II. 不定式作表语通常表示_ ing形式表示_. My job is _ (teach) English and my wish is _ (be) a lawyer. . The president is _ (visit) our country next month. . The speech was very _ (move) and we were all _ (move) to tears. My pen is _/_/_. What we should do next is _(clea

5、n)the classroom. _非谓语动词作宾语:I. admit a_ a_ a_ a_ c_ d_ d_ d_ e_ e_ e_( ) f_ f_ i_ k_ m_ m_ m_ p_ p_ r_( ) r_ s_ II. be busy (in) , spend money /time (in) , have difficulty /trouble / problems/ (in) , prevent /stop/keep -from, cant help ,cant stand ,be worth , give up ,put off ,feel like , be used to

6、,be accustomed to / _to / _ to / _ to / _ to / see to / turn to / lead to III.有些动词后既可以接不定式，也可以接ing形式作宾语，意义完全不同，常见动词有： . We must try _ (finish) the work on time. Lets try _ (work) out the maths problem in another way, . I remember _ (see) her somewhere before. You must remember _ (post) the letter fo

7、r me. . He forgot _ (pay) and asked to be paid again. Dont forget _ (turn) off the light when you leave. . I regret _ (miss) such a good chance. I regret _ (say) that I cant lend you so much money. . Doing like that means _ (cheat). I didnt mean _ (hurt) your feeling that day. I cant help _ (do) hou

8、sework today. Im busy preparing a report. I couldnt help _ (think) of my childhood while seeing the film. . When the teacher came in, the students stopped _ (talk). As he was very busy that day, he didnt stop _ (talk) with me. . Though it was raining, the peasants went on _ (work) in the fields. Aft

9、er listening to the text, we went on _(read). . The baby needs _ (look) after. =The baby needs _ after. You dont need _ (look) after the baby today. . Our school is well worth _ (visit). Our school is well worthy _ (visit).= Our school is well worthy of _. 1. Ive worked with children before, so I kn

10、ow what_in my new jobA. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects _2.need, want, require 表某物需要被._3.allow, advise, permit, forbid_(-ing 作_,to do作_) sb be allowed /advised _4.We could do nothing but/other than _(wait)._ We had no choice but _(wait). _另外在cant choose but(只得) ,cant help but, ca

11、nt but (只得) 后不定式也要略to.非谓语动词作状语做题思路：固定搭配to tell (you) the truth, to be honest, to make things worse to begin with / start with ，generally / strictly / exactly speaking ，judging from / by given ，considering、taking into consideration ，including ，compared with / to ,etc.系表结构 只用_作状语。be lost in thought, b

12、e faced with, be worn out , be accustomed to , be filled with, be dressed in , be well known,_to caring for the poor, Mother Teresa is greatly respected throughout the world.A. Devoting B. Being devoted C. Having devoted D. Devoted 逻辑关系 与句子主语构成主动关系时用_;构成被动关系时用_.不定式作状语：目的状语 “为了” 常用结构：in order to ,so

13、as to, to原因状语 “由于”与形容词连用 glad ,kind, happy, disappointed, etc.结果状语 “结果、以至于”常用在 soas to ,suchas to, tooto, onlyto1._ to college, he works very hard. (go) 2._(finish) my homework, I went home.3._(tell) many times, he still didnt know what to do.4._ a chance, we will visit Edinburgh a second time.A. To

14、 be given B .Given C. Giving D. Having given 5.The direct flight has proved successful, _Taiwan another tourist destination for people on the mainland. A .made B. making C. to make D. makes郑重提示： 先看是否是固定搭配，再看是否构成系表结构，最后考虑逻辑关系。根据与句子谓语动作先后，参看表二进行选择。非谓语动词作定语做题关键：考虑非谓语动词与所修饰名词的逻辑关系。_表主动、将来 _ 表被动、将来 _表主动、

15、进行 _表被动、进行_表主动、完成 _表被动、完成 _不能作定语。1. I have three letters _(write ) this morning.2. Do you know the man _ (sit) there.3. Have you read any short stories _(write) by LuXun.4. The building _(build) next year is our lab.5. The building _(build) now is our lab.6. The building _(build) last year is our la

16、b.当名词有first, last, next, only, 以及形容词最高级来修饰时，用_来作定语。I have nothing _.(没东西可写) I have nothing _.(没东西可以用来写字)They had only a cold room _。(居住) = They had only a cold room in which to live. (带介词的不定式可变为。)Have you got anything to buy /to be bought._a _(puzzle) look _ _(freeze) cold _非谓语动词作补语做题关键：考虑非谓语动词与_（宾补

17、）或与_（主补）的逻辑关系。1.一感_ 两听 _ 三让 _ 四看 _ 半帮助 _ （后跟_作宾补表示全过程，但被动语态中_. 跟_作宾补，表正在。有时也跟过去分词作宾补，表被动。）. The missing children were last seen _ (play) by the river. . I saw the room _ (clean). Everything was put in order. . I saw him _ (open) the door, _ (walk) into the room, and _ (sit) down at the desk.2. 其他常考跟

18、宾补的动find _ leave_keep _ catch _3.have与get (使/让)让某事被做/让别人做 _ 让某人一直做 _ 让某人、某物开始行动起来 _ 让某人去做某事 _ 无法容忍某人 _4.下列结构中不定式作主补 Sb /sth be said/believed/known/reported/consisered/found+todoSb /sth be likely +to doSb /sth seems +to do/to beHe is said _(go) abroad. It is said that he has gone abroad. make 后不能跟-in

19、g 作补语。非谓语动词的几种特殊结构 一、 否定结构：_二、 不定式的复合结构：_三、 -ing的复合结构：_ being ill made us very sad.(他) Would you mind _opening the door? (我)四、 独立主格结构 77.All the work_ (do), he had a rest. （时间状语） 78.Weather _ (permit), we will go outing tomorrow.（条件状语） 79.The boy stood there, his right hand _ (raise). （伴随情况） 80.He _

20、 (be) ill, we sent him to a hospital. （原因状语） 81.There _ (be) no buses, we had to walk home. （原因状语）五、with 复合结构 82.The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ (tie) behind his back. 略“to”的情况： (1).在感官动词和使让动词之后作宾语补足语时，符号to必须省略。但是当这些动词用于被动语态时，动词不定式变为主语补足语，符号to不能省略。 例：We often hear him _(sing) the song

21、at home. He is often heard _the song at home. (2).不定式作表语，用来解释主语部分中do的内容时可以不带to。如： The first thing she did was _(go) up to her trainer and thank her. (3).在why或why not引起的表示建议或责问的省略问句中不能带to。 Why quarrel with your mother? Why not join us? (4).在一些类似情态动词的词组如：had better, would rather than , cant (help / ch

22、oose) but 等之后的动词不带to。 (5).不定式作but或except的宾语时，若前面有实意动词do / does / did / to do等形式，不带to。如： I did nothing but / except do my homework last night. 二、留“to” The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. 注意：当不定式内容是助动词be / have时，to后要保留原形的be / have。如： He hasnt succeeded in

23、the exam, but in fact he ought to have. She is no longer what she used to be. 高考链接：1.（2013新课标1） The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _. A. not to doB. not toC. not doD. do not2.（2013新课标1）The sunlight is white and blinding, _ hard-edged shadows on the ground

24、. A. throwingB. being thrownC. to throwD. to be thrown3.（2013新课标卷2）I got to the office earlier that day, _ the 7:30 train from PaddingtonA. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught4.（2013湖南卷）You cannot accept an opinion _ to you unless it is based on facts.A. offeringB. to offerC. havin

25、g offeredD. offered5.（2013湖南卷）Every day _ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized. A. readB. readingC. to readD. reads6.（2013湖南卷） I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon. I am so sorry，but I_ my homework. A.had doneB. was doingC. would doD. am doing7.（

26、2013江西卷）If _ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.A. askedB. to askC. askingD. having asked8.（2013重庆卷）When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, _me stories till I fell asleep. A.having told B. telling C.told D. to tell9.（2013山东卷）I stopped the car _ a short brea

27、k as I was feeling tired. A. takeB. taking C. to take D. taken 10.（2013山东卷）_ at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again. A. Having eaten B. To eat C. Eat D. Eating 11.（2013陕西卷）The witnesses_by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being

28、questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned12.（2013全国卷大纲版）I got to the office earlier that day, _ the 7:30 train from PaddingtonA.caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught13.(2013浙江卷)There are some health problems that, when _ in time, can become bigger ones later on.A. not treat

29、ed B. not being treated C. not to be treated D. not have been treated14. (2013四川卷)_ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not knownD. Known not15. (2013四川卷)The airport next year will help promote tourism in this area.A. being completed B.

30、to be completedC. completedD. having been completed16.（2013天津卷）In some languages,100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations. A. using B. to use C. having used D. used17. (2013福建卷)Anyone, once_ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. to

31、be tested B. being tested C. testedD. to test18 Tony lent me the money, _ that Id do as much for him.A. hopingB. to hopeC. hopedD. having hoped19 The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy_ anything that happened to be on.A. to watchB. watchingC. watchedD. to have watched20 I re

32、membered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 21 When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked22 _to work o

33、vertime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked23 Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made24 The party will be he

34、ld in the garden, weather .A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit25 Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared to B. comparing toC. compare to D. compared to26 One learns a language by making mistakes and _ them.A. corrects B.

35、 correct C. to correct D. correcting27 _ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use28 _ at the door before you enter my room, please.A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock29 China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chines

36、e fishing boats from _ in the South China Sea. A. attacking B. having attacking C. being attacked D. having been attacked30 Pressed from his parents, and _ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized31 _

37、 in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand32 If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.A. meets B. meeting C. meet D. to meet33 George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him.A

38、. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told 34 After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _.A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide 35 Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _ to achieve the final success.A. being done B. do C. to be done

39、 D. to do 36 Time, _ correctly, is money in the bank.A. to use B. used C. using D. use37 The lecture, _ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A. starting B. being starting C. to start D. to be started38 He got up late and hurried to his office, _ the break

40、fast untouched.A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left39 Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _ to the new students.A. speaking B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken40 John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it.A. offered B. off

41、ering C. to offer D. to be offered41. The old couple often take a walk after super in the park with their pet dog _.A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows42 This machine is very easy _. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.A. operating B. to be operating C. operated D. to operate43

42、 Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky.A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found44 I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound45 Before driving into the city, you are required to get you

43、r car _.A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash46 No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its better _ silent.A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain47 I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or _ his job.A. quits B. to quit C. quitting D. quit48 “Its such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table _ for customers.A. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. reserved_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it soon or later. A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base