江苏省扬州市田家炳实验中学高中英语选修八：M8U3 教案 .doc

1、 M8U3 The world of colors and lightThoughts on the design: 本节课以看、说为主，通过Welcome to the unit部分所提供的5张图片，激活学生对绘画类别的了解，通过该部分相关问题的讨论，进一步激发学生的学习热情, 为本单元后面更深入的学习奠定基础。Teaching aims:After learning this period, the students will be able to 1. understand and distinguish different types of paintings like “mural,

2、 still lifes, abstract art, nature painting and pictures of rich and famous people”;2. develop their interest in learning about art and painters.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in 1. A video “Art Attack” appreciation (PPT4-5)After that, ask students questions like:1) Have you ever watched the progra

3、m? What can you learn from it?2) What type of painting is it? Nature, abstract or still life painting? And why? 2. Famous paintings appreciation (PPT6-8)Present some world famous paintings like “Mogao Caves wall paintings”, “Mona Lisa”, “The Last Supper”, “Impression, sunrise”, “Sunflower” etc. and

4、ask students what information they have got about these paintings and painters. Step 2 Brainstorming (PPT9)Ask students to work in groups and create a spider gram using the key word “painting”, encouraging them to find as many subcategories as possible that relate to painting. And students can refer

5、 to the textbook or dictionary for help. Then ask each group leader to report their answers. The teacher is expected to note down on the blackboard especially the types of painting listed on the textbook. Step 3 Sharing information (PPT10-16)Matching: What types of painting do the following pictures

6、 belong to? Discuss the five pictures in the book. Encourage students to express their understanding about the different types of painting and help them make a summary about the different types of painting. Picture of a muralA mural is a very large piece of artwork, such as a painting, that is done

7、on a wall. Murals can date back to prehistoric times, such as the paintings on the walls of caves. Today, murals are painted on different surfaces.Picture of still lifesA still life is a work of art that presents objects that are not moving. It was popular in Western art since the 17th century.Pictu

8、re of abstract art Abstract art is a type of art that does not show objects in a natural way. Instead, abstract artists present their view of the objects with colors or shapes. The abstract artists use this to show the true qualities of the objects underneath their appearance.Picture of a painting o

9、f naturePaintings of nature can also be called “landscape”. A painting of nature always includes elements such as land, plants, man-made buildings and a very wide view. Sometimes, a painting of nature also presents water, a group of wild animals, people or the sky.Picture of a portrait (picture of a

10、 famous or rich people)A portrait is a painting that shows a person, particularly the shoulders and up. In very few cases, the artists would show their personal opinions in a portrait. Step 4 Discussion (PPT17)1. Which of the paintings above do you like best?2. Do you know any of the worlds most fam

11、ous painters? If you do, do you like their works? Why or why not?3. Do you think we should learn something about painting? Why or why not?通过第一步的视频播放，激发学生兴趣，引出painting of nature，由此拓展出其它绘画类别如：still life painting, portrait painting。 因为这三种绘画类别相对较容易理解。然后通过经典图片展示，让学生感知其它两种画类别mural和abstract art。 第二步的小组合作活动

12、制定网状图，是为了激活学生已有的绘画艺术方面的点滴知识并且能够汇总归拢，拓宽了学生视野，同时，教师适时的记录，能够增强学生的表达欲和成就感，而且为下面的讨论步骤做好了铺垫。讨论步骤的设置是为了对前面学生发言有一个总结和深化，让学生能够更清楚地辨析各种绘画类别。 M8U3 Word powerThoughts on the design: Word power部分既是对前面活动和内容的拓展，又是加深学生的绘画知识，其目的是帮助学生掌握主要绘画工具以及颜料的词汇表达，为本单元后面更深入的学习奠定基础。Teaching aims:1. Get to know different types of p

13、ainting materials & different tools for doing pictures.2. Give examples of different pictures done with different painting materials.3. Learn and master the new words related to paintings. Enlarge the vocabulary in this section and apply them to practical use.Teaching procedures:Step1: Greetings Gre

14、et the whole class as usual.Step2: Lead-in (PPT 4-5)Before class, ask the students to surf the internet or refer to some reference books to get some information about types of painting and painting materials.Ask the students to report their findings in class. You may ask the students to provide pict

15、ures or objects to show to the class if necessary.Rainbow Song Red and yellow and pink and green, Orange and purple and blue. I can sing a rainbow; sing a rainbow, Sing a rainbow song.Q: Do you know any other colors?Step 3: Part A (PPT 6-11)1. Read part A carefully and answer the following questions

16、.l What are two main types of painting?l How can they be done?l Styles of painting?2. Ask the students to read the article about types of painting in Part A and fill in the chart below.Types of paintingDescriptionwatercolordone with colors that need to be mixed with wateroil paintingpainted with thi

17、ck color that is mixed with oilportraitfor peoplelandscapefor viewsstill lifefor objectStep 4: Learning Part B (PPT 12-13)Teach the students some words about the paintings.Watercolor, oil painting, canvas, acrylic paint, portrait, landscape, still life, palette, easel, paint brushes, pencils, oil pa

18、intsAsk the students to read these words three times. What painting materials a painter may use?Look at the picture and know of some painting materials.Step 5: Part C (PPT 14)Li Ming has decided to take up painting as a hobby. He found some advice on the Internet about starting to paint. Some of the

19、 words did not print out properly. Use the words from Parts A and B to complete it.KEY: (1) watercolours (2) oils (3) paintbrushes (4) pencils (5) paper (6) oil paints (7) portrait (8) still lifeStep 6: Part D (PPT 15)Guess: The colors of the objects?Have students look at the words presented in Part

20、 D, helping them understand that some words are the names of the objects which are of the similar colors. Besides the words listed, give more examples like: navy blue, pea green, blood-red, inky black, snow white. Step 7: Discussion (PPT 16-17)Many colours have different shades, like light blue and

21、dark blue. Often the names of these shades are the same as the objects that are of a similar colour. plum 杨李色 pansy 紫罗兰色 peachpuff 桃色 papayawhip 番木色 rosybrown 褐玫瑰红 springgreen 春绿色Step 8: Language Focus (PPT 17-22)1. The paint is very thick. The secret to oil painting is to build up layer on layer on

22、 a canvas.1) 积聚；聚集 Traffic is building up along the roads to the coast. One day your books will build up into a library.2) 增进；加强 发展体育运动，增强人民体质。 Promote physical culture and build up the peoples health 艰苦的工作条件能磨练人的性格。 Hard working conditions build up character. (喻) 增强体力 to build up ones strength 我们的生

23、意兴隆。 We are building up a good business.2. A soft eraser will also be useful in case you want to make changes. 以防万一，免得 in case 作短语连词，能引导状语从句；in case作副词性短语，常置于句末。 in case of 置于句末常看作目的状语，作“以免，以防”解；置于句首常视为条件状语，作“如果，万一”解。1) The wall was built along the river in case of floods. 2) You should keep a first

24、-aid kit in the car in case of accident.3) 万一有火灾，就拨119。 In case of fire, call 119.4) 你最好带点钱，以防万一。 You had better carry some money in case.M8Unit 3 Grammar and usageThoughts on the design：倒装结构与其说是一项语法内容，倒不如说是一种修辞手段。本节课的设计以总分总结构为主，具体说来就是通过语篇，帮助学生感悟倒装结构，然后结合课本，指导学生归纳出倒装结构运用的各种情形，期间尽可能体现活动形式的多样化，最后是操练和运

25、用部分，突出了在篇章中练习语法结构，训练学生在阅读及其它实际运用中掌握语法知识，提高能力。Teaching aims:After learning this period, the students will be able to:1. understand how inversions are formed;2. summarize the cases in which inversion is used;3. learn to change inversion into normal structure or vice versa.Teaching procedures:Step 1 Le

26、ad-in (PPT4-6)1. Guide students to compare the following pairs of sentences and tell the difference between them. They went to the park last Sunday. Did they go to the park last Sunday? He likes to read newspaper articles about social problems. What does he like to read?2. Ask the students to go thr

27、ough Part A and underline the inversions included in the text and ask the students to analyse and explain the reason why inversion can be used in these cases. While doing this, help the students figure out what is inversion. Then ask the students to read the guidelines on P40. Make sure that they kn

28、ow that inversion sometimes can put emphasis on the predicate instead of on the subject. Firstly, get the students to work on their own and then compare their notes in pairs.Step 2 Inversion in different cases (PPT7-33)1. Questions. (PPT8)This part is easy for the students to understand. So just ask

29、 them to give more examples. 2.1. When a sentence begins with a negative word or a negative phrase such as neither, nor, never, not, at no time, seldom, and hardly, inversion is used. (PPT9-11)For this part, first ask the students to read individually and then work in pairs: one student reads the in

30、verted sentence, the other one puts it in its normal order and vice versa. More sentences are suggested:(1) I have never met him before. Never have I met him before.(2) We have seldom seen such a horrible film. Seldom have we seen such a horrible film. (3) She had hardly entered the house when she h

31、eard a baby crying. Hardly had she entered the house when she heard a baby crying. (4) She did not sing a single song at yesterdays party. Not a single song did she sing at yesterdays party.2.2. When the sentence begins with only or so, inversion is used. (PPT12-13) Ask the students to give more exa

32、mples to practise with each other, especially about “only”. Ask the students to compare: (1) Only in this way can you work out the problem. (2) Only when Mr. Baker returns this afternoon will the meeting begin. (3) Only teachers went to the art gallery yesterday. And tell the students to note that w

33、hen “only” modifies the subject, we do not invert the subject and the predicate. 3.1. When the sentence begins with direct speech or part of it, inversion is used. (PPT32)3.2. When the subject is too long, inversion is used. (PPT32)3.3. When the sentence begins with here, there, in, out, up, down, o

34、n, etc., inversion is used. (PPT26-27)3.3 It is relatively difficult to understand and use, so it is suggested that more examples are given or ask the students to make up a sentence using the above structure.4. In formal language to talk about unreal conditionals, inversion is used.Ask the students

35、to put the examples the text into their normal order. Step 3 Practice and consolidation 1. Back to Part A and ask the students to put the following inverted sentences in their normal order and check answers in pairs. 2. Ask the students to finish Part B individually. 3. Ask the students to rewrite t

36、he following paragraph using inversion following the requirements in brackets. (PPT34-36)In China about 50 million people are living with disabilities. (There be ) A new government program has been designed to help disabled people. More special schools will be built. Help will be given to people to

37、find jobs and medical treatment will be provided for people who need it too. (Not only but also ) But the truth is that everyone should take care of disabled people, not just the government. We must also bring people with disabilities into normal schools. Young people will learn about disability onl

38、y when they go to the same schools as people with disabilities. (Only when ) They love having lots of friends, and those with disabilities also love having lots of friends too. (so do ) Though we all are different, we need never be separate. (Different )4. Self-assessmentChoices (PPT39-43)(1) Now _

39、your turn to recite the text.A. there is B. there comes C. comes D. has come (2) Only then _how much damage had been caused.A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize (3) Nowhere else along the coast _ such shallow water so far from land.A. is there B. is it C. there

40、is D. it is (4) Never _ a language so widely spread or spoken by so many people as English.A. there has been B. it has been C. has there been D. has it been (5) _ had he got on the train _ he realized he had left his bag in the car.A. Hardly; when B. Hardly; then C. No sooner; when D. No sooner; the

41、n (6) Its burning hot today, isnt it? Yes. _ yesterday.A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it (7) _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couples were D. The coupl

42、e was such curious(8) Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is.A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know (9) In no city of China little _ about the economic development.A. the government cares B. does the government care C. doesnt the government care D. the go

43、vernment doesnt care (10) Autumn coming, down _.A. do the leaves fall B. the leaves will fallC. fall the leaves D. the leaves have fallen Answer: C D A C A A B D B CIf necessary, provide the students some samples from NMET to practice on. 第一步是让学生了解“倒装结构”的基本概念；第二步主要是让学生能从篇章中整体感悟倒装结构，然后帮助学生归纳出倒装的定义及大概

44、使用的几种情况；第三步是整节课的中心，虽然课文阐述和罗列得非常清晰，但考虑到学生浏览时可能心神不够集中或有枯燥厌倦之感，所以在处理这部分时，安排了个体活动和小组活动穿插进行，目的是最大限度地激发和保持学生的兴趣和求知欲。后面的操练部分既有单句练习、选择题，又突出了在篇章中练习倒装结构，训练学生在阅读及其它实际运用中掌握语法知识，提高语言的能力。M8U3 ProjectThoughts on the design:Project（项目学习）的根据宗旨是Learn by doing“做中学”。根据课本示范，本节课学生通过小组合作，能创作别具一格的图画，并能写出制作材料和过程。所以在设计上突出第四步

45、，并且留足时间给学生观看、模仿和制作。前面三个步骤的操作则是简洁明了，主要帮助学生感知各种别具一格的图画，以及学会如何表述制作过程。最后的展示很有必要，既能体现任务的完整性，又能让学生充分体验成就感，从而更能激发对英语学科的兴趣。Teaching aims:After learning this period, the students will be able to1. understand the ways to create different types of unusual pictures;2. write a short article about unusual picture

46、s and make an unusual picture of their own by using the information and instructions in the text.Teaching procedures:Step 1 Lead-in (PPT4-5)Play a video about the unusual way to make pictures using sand. After that, ask the students: Besides using sand to create pictures, what other ways can you sug

47、gest?Step 2 Skimming (PPT6)Have the students skim the text and answer the following questions:How many unusual ways to create pictures are mentioned in the passage?What are they?Step 3 Jigsaw reading (PPT7-10)Organize the students into small groups of four to conduct a jigsaw reading. Each group mem

48、ber may only focus on one way to make unusual pictures and complete the chart below. When the given time is due, ask one student from each group to present his/her finding.TypeThings neededWay to makepizza facesa variety of foods; camera; l think about the patternl make a face with the foods on a pi

49、zzal take a photo of itstring picturescard; thin string; glue; crayon or pencill draw the outline on the cardl spread the glue on the cardl put the string on the gluel paint the stringfeather and seashell picturesfeathers; seashells; card; gluel think about the patternl lay all the pieces out on the

50、 cardl stick them downrubbish picturesrubbish including plastic, aluminium, cloth and paper; strong paper card; gluel put the rubbish on a cardl stick the rubbish onto the cardl spray the different sections with paintrubbish printsa tin can or old pieces of cloths; paint; cardl dip one end of a tin

51、can into paintl press the painted rubbish on a card to make different shapesStep 4 Listen to the tape and answer the following questions: (PPT11-12)1. What may be needed to make pizza faces?2. How many steps are there to make string pictures?Step 5 Discussion (PPT13-15)Part B1. Ask the students the

52、following questions:(1) Which idea do you think is the most interesting?(2) What other things could you make unusual pictures from?(3) How would you use them to make unusual pictures? For Questions 2 & 3, organize the students in groups to discuss and express their opinions freely.2. To help the stu

53、dents write a short article about unusual pictures and make an unusual picture of their own, we recommend that video “Art Attack” be played and the students can follow and write down the steps presented in the video and make usual pictures. Step 7 Doing a project (PPT16-20)1. Planning: grouping the

54、students into a team of three or four and decide on the name of their unusual picture Our topic _.2. Preparing: discussing the tasks for each member of the team Who is responsible for the design of the unusual picture? Who takes charge of the materials to be found? Who writes the text? Who presents

55、the oral report? The deadline for our project is _3. Producing: Each member of the group starts his/ her work within the time due. Before the given time is due, remind the students to edit their text like sentence structure, organization, punctuation, vocabulary, grammar, spelling, etc.4. Presenting

56、: (1) When the set time is due, ask the students to present their report orally.(2) Put their art works on the display wall of the classroom for everyone to see. Step 8 Language points (PPT21-26)1. slicen. 1) a flat, often thin, piece of food that has been cut from a larger piece:a slice of bread/ca

57、kecucumber/lemon slicesWould you like another slice of ham/beef?2) a part of sth., such as an amount of money:We agreed before we did the deal that wed both take an equal slice of the profit.The film presents us with a fascinating slice of history.3) a kitchen utensil with a wide blade which is used

58、 for serving pieces of food:a cake/fish slicev. 1) to cut sth. into thin, flat pieces:Slice the mushrooms thinly and fry in butter. Could you slice me a very thin piece of cake/slice a very thin piece of cake for me?2) to easily cut into or through sth. with a sharp knife:He screamed as the blade sl

59、iced into his leg.FIGURATIVE She watched his slim strong body as it sliced effortlessly through the water.sliced adj. cut into thin flat pieces:sliced bread/ham/tomatoslicer n. a machine or tool for slicing particular types of food:an egg/bread/meat slicer2. stick: verb (stuck, stuck) (1) to push a

60、pointed object into or through something, or (of a pointed object) to be pushed into or through something and stay there:她把针戳到我的胳膊里。She stuck the needle into my arm.(2) to cause something to become fixed as if with glue or another similar substance:我的汽车陷进淤泥里了。My cars stuck in the mud.这胶水不粘了。This glu

61、e wont stick.第一步播放“沙画”视频是为了激发学生的创作和接下来的阅读兴趣；二、三步的阅读任务的设置由宽泛到细节，而jigsaw reading的合作阅读更能激活学生的竞赛心理；第四步骤的小组讨论能够分解任务难度、分工协作、集思广益。但考虑到学生平时学习任务重、时间紧而且制作任务本身也有一定难度，所以建议播放“艺术创想”段落视频，学生可以从中获取信息，完成制作并写出制作材料及创作过程；第五步的Doing a project实际上是完成项目的前期准备, 这一步骤很有必要。最后的作品展示能让学生收获成就感，从而调动了他们的学科兴趣。单元重点词汇讲解一、考纲知识预览类别新课标要求掌握的项

62、目高考必会单词1. calculate (v.), calculation (n.), calculator (n.)2. float (vt& vi.)3. weep (vi.)4. negotiate (vt. & vi.), negotiation (n.) 5. adore (vt.)6. explore (vt.), explorer (n.), exploration (n.)7. assistance (n.), assist (vt.), assistant (n.)8. abandon (vt.)9. fee (n.)10. bargain (n. & vi.)11. gra

63、duation (n.), graduate (vi.)12. experiment (vi. & n.)13. height (n.), high (adj.)14. cave (n.)15. pattern (n.)16. stick (vt.)17. disgusting (adj.), disgusted (adj.), disgust (v.& n.)18. dip (vt. & vi.)19. paint (n. & vt.), painting (n.)20. repeat (vt.& vi.), repetition (n.)高考必会短语1. range from to 2.

64、still life 3. have an appetite for 4. start from scratch 5. make a reservation 6. be admitted to7. be made out of 8. cut out 9. have a go at 10. share (in) sth with sb.11. distribute to 12. on the way13. be off to 14. stick to 15. abandon doing sth.16. build up 二、重点词汇讲解1. range v. （在一定范围或幅度内）变动，变化；排

65、列，将排成行；n.系列，行range from to 从到范围range between and 在范围内变化in the range of 在范围内；在射程内out of range/beyond range 在射程外out of ones range 能力达不到的；知识以外的within range of 在射程以内；在范围以内short-range/long-range 短程的，近期的/ 远程的，长期的 Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels. 住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。 Estimates of the

66、damage range between $1 million and $ 5 million. 估计损失在100万到500万元之间。 There will be an increase in the range of 0 to 3 per cent. 将会有0到3个百分点的增长幅度。 This was outside the range of his experience. 这超出了他的阅历。 He shouted angrily at anyone within range. 他看见谁，就对谁吼叫。 The cat stayed well out of range of the child

67、ren. 这只猫离孩子们远远的。 These missiles have a range of 300 miles. 这些导弹的射程为300英里。2. abandon vt.(1) 抛弃，放弃，戒除(2) 离弃，遗弃，背弃(3) 纵情，恣意 Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles. 大雪迫使许多驾驶员弃车步行。 The baby had been abandoned by its mother. 这个婴儿被母亲遗弃了。 He abandoned himself to despair. 他陷入绝望。abandon oneself to

68、 沉溺于abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事abandon ones country/friend 背弃祖国或朋友abandon hope of doing 放弃做with abandon 放纵地，放任地，尽情地 I have abandoned hope of any reconciliation. 我已对任何和解不抱希望。 We had to abandon holding the game due to the bad weather. 由于天气不好，我们只好放弃比赛。 The children played with water with abandon. 孩子们尽情地玩水

69、。比较：abandon, leave, desert & quit abandon指因外界压力或影响永久舍弃自己所感兴趣的食物或人。leave “离开，遗留”，是普通用词，一般没有感情色彩。desert 指某人或某物在困难的时候或困境中被人背弃。quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃，往往带有感情意味。例：Some children leave school at 16. 有些学生16岁就毕业离校了。She was deserted by her husband. 她被丈夫遗弃了。If I dont get more money, Ill quit. 如不给我加薪，我就辞职。3. talented

70、adj. 有才能的，天才的，有才干的talented players/ artists/ youngsters 天才运动员/ 艺术家/ 神童be talented intalent n. 天才，天赋，天资have a talent for Mozart had a great talent for music. 莫扎特有音乐天赋。 She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted. 她很有天资，能够心想事成。 He is a great talent. 他是个了不起的人才。4. distribute v. 分发，分配某事物，散

71、发distribute 在表示“分发”的意思时，同义词为give out, 在表示“散发”时，同义词为spread。distribution n. 分发，分配distribute sth to / among 把某物分给 The organization distributed food and blankets to the earthquake victims. 这个机构向地震灾民分发了食品和毯子。 The money was distributed among schools in the area. 这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。 Make sure your weight is

72、evenly distributed. 注意让你的体重分配均匀。 The map shows the distribution of this species across the world. 地图上标明了该物种在全世界的分布情况。5. adore vt. 热爱，爱慕adorable adj. 迷人的，讨人喜欢的adoring adj. 表示爱慕的adoration n. 爱慕，敬爱adore sb./sth. 爱慕，喜欢某人/ 物adore doing sth. 喜爱做某事 What an adorable child! 多可爱的小孩啊！ He waved to the adoring c

73、rowds. 他向崇拜他的群众挥手致意。 He gazed at her with pure adoration. 他一往情深地注视着她。 I simply adore his music! 我简直太喜爱他的音乐了！ She adores working with children. 她热爱为儿童工作。6. appetite n. 爱好，欲望，食欲，胃口have an appetite for 有的爱好，有的渴望have a good/poor appetite 胃口好/ 不好lose ones appetite 无食欲loss of appetite食欲不振spoil/ ruin/ take

74、 away ones appetite 影响食欲 The public have an insatiable appetite for scandal. 公众对丑闻总是喜闻乐道。 The walk has given me a good appetite. 散步让我胃口大开。 He suffered from headaches, insomnia and loss of appetite. 他患头痛，失眠和食欲不振。 Dont spoil your appetite by eating between meals. 不要在两餐之间吃东西，以免影响胃口。7. admit vt. 承认，准许进入

75、（后接介词to/ into），容许，可容纳admit doing/having done sth. 承认做过某事admit of 容许有，有可能，容有的余地admit sb. to/into 接纳某人进入，录取，吸收某人参加 I admit my mistake/ that I was wrong. 我承认是我的错/ 我错了。 He admitted having stolen the car. 他招认偷了那辆汽车。 His conduct admits of no excuse. 他的行为无可宽恕。 The theatre admits only 250 people. 这家戏院只能容纳25

76、0人。 Every year, about sixty new boys and girls are admitted to this school. 这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。8. experiment n. & vi. 实验，试验make/carry out/ perform/ conduct/do an experiment 做实验experiment on/ upon /with sth. 用做实验by experiment 通过实验/试验 To find a new cure for the disease, he made a lot of experiments. 为了找到

77、治疗这种疾病的新方法，他做了大量实验。 He experimented on rats. 他用老鼠做实验。 The scientists are experimenting with new methods. 科学家们正在试验新方法。 Find out by experiment what foods the baby likes. 通过试验来弄清楚婴儿喜欢吃什么。比较：trial, experiment & test 三者都含有“证明、发现某事物的过程或方式”的意思。 trial指“对人或物进行试验以确定其效果或价值等”。You will succeed by trial and error

78、. 经过反复实验，你会成功的。 experiment指“为研究某事物的发生或为获得新知识而进行仔细试验的过程”。We experimented until we succeeded in mixing the right color. 我们不断进行实验，直至将所需颜色调配成功。 test指“通过试验、检查、使用、比较等就其是否正确、合格等方面作出决定”。None of this range of cosmetics has been tested on animals. 这一化妆品系列从未在动物身上试验过。9. stick vt. 刺，放置，张贴；vi. 坚持，卡住stick (togethe

79、r) with glue 用胶水把粘到一起stick out 伸出stick to 坚持（原则等）；粘在上边stick to ones post 坚守岗位stick with 跟在一起，忠于get stuck 卡住，无法移动 The needle stuck in my finger. 针扎进我的手指了。 The glue doesnt stick very well. 这种胶水粘不住。 We dont want to hear your opinion; stick to the facts! 我们不想听你的想法，只讲事实！ If youre driving, stick to soft d

80、rinks. 如果你开车，那就坚持喝软饮料。 Stick with me and youll be all right. 有事你来找我就没问题了。 The bus got stuck in the snow and we had to walk the rest of the way. 公共汽车陷在雪中开不动了，剩下的路我们只好步行了。10. bargain n. 便宜货；划算的买卖；交易，协议；vi. 讨价还价，谈判，讲条件a good bargain 自己占便宜的协议；上算的交易make a bargain 约定好，协议bargain clothes/ prices 减价的衣服/ 便宜的价

81、钱bargain with sb. about/ over/ for sth. 与某人讨价还价；谈判bargain for/ on sth. 预料，有备于 I might buy a TV, if I can find a bargain in the sales. 如果我能在大减价中找到便宜货，我也许会买台电视机。 Youve got a good bargain there. 你做了一笔很上算的交易。 I made a bargain with him. 我和他做了一项交易。 Dealers bargain with growers over the price of coffee. 商人

82、与种植者就咖啡的价格进行商洽。 The exam was more difficult than I had bargained for. 这次考试之难出乎我的意料之外。11. rather than Abstract art is about shapes, colors and textures rather than objects. rather than: 与其（某人/物），不愿，不要，不是Figure out the different uses of “rather than” in the following sentences. I think Ill have a cold

83、 drink rather than coffee. 我想喝冷饮，不想喝咖啡。 Rather than squeezing your own oranges, have you tried buying packs of orange juice? 你是否试过买几盒橙汁，而不是自己榨？ He ran rather than walked there. 他是跑过去，而不是走过去的。 These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty. 这些鞋子与其说漂亮倒不如说是舒服。 Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad

84、, he sold them at half price. 不想让蔬菜就这样烂掉，他以半价把它们卖了。12. devote to The sad thing is that although van Gogh devoted his whole self to painting, he only sold one painting before he died in 1890. devote to 为某人/物付出（时间、精力等），向某人/物奉献（时间、精力等），献身于某事物 Im devoting all my time and energy to being a mom right now.

85、 目前我把所有时间和精力都放在当妈妈这件事上。 Mother Terasa has devoted herself to caring for the poor. 特蕾莎修女把自己的全部身心都倾注在照顾穷苦人之上。 Kiko is devoted to her music. 基科热爱她的音乐。13. take up Li Ming has decided to take up painting as a hobby. take up 继续take up sth. 填满，占据（某空间或时间）；拿起，抬起；吸收液体；开始从事某事（尤指职业）；接续讲（中断的或他人未讲完的故事）；接受（建议或挑战）

86、This chapter takes up where the last one left off. 本章接续上一章谈到的内容。 This table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地方。 Blotting-paper takes up ink. 吸墨纸能吸墨水。 She has taken up a job as a teacher. 她当上老师了。 Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing? 坚持一周内不争吵，你打算接受这一挑战吗？练习：一、单词

87、拼写。1. They decided to take apart the machine and started again from s_.2. Every year, he won s_ at school because of his excellent study.3. In the market dealers (商人) were b_ with growers over the price of coffee.4. I failed to come on time yesterday, because my car got s_ in the heavy snow.5. The n

88、ewspaper is d_ free to everyone in the school.6. She has a lot of hobbies, r_ from playing chess to canoeing.7. Adam Smiths m_ “The Wealth of Nations” was written in the 18th century.8. The children have gone _ (探索) in the woods. The teacher told them to take notes of all the unknown things.9. Some

89、people feel that e _ on animals is very cruel.10. I finally got everything for the Christmas party arranged with the a_ of my parents.11. He had an a_ for life and enjoyed exploring the workings of objects and animals.12. We hope for a p_ settlement of the quarrel between the countries.13. During th

90、e floods the river water rose to the h_ of the main road beside it.14. Taking pictures replaced painting as his hobby because he thought he would love the life of a p_. 15. Sitting on the s_ of the canals, she watched and painted the local fishermen and sailors16. Adam Smiths _ (杰作) “The Wealth of N

91、ations” was written in the 18th century. 17. After a career as a journalist, she was looking forward to a happy and _ (宁静的) retirement. 18. After _ from a university, he has worked as a middle school teacher. 19. Were very proud of the five students from this school who were awarded _ (奖学金). 20. Do

92、you think you could go upstairs and be with the boys in the _ (宿舍)？ 21. One of the rooms has been made into a small modern art _ (美术馆). 22. Someone who catches fish as a sport or as a job is called f_.23. It is said that his son is studying _ (建筑学) at university. 24. Sometimes we can see a beautiful

93、 r_ in the sky after a shower in summer. 25. Hiring new employees can be very much a _ (主观的) process. 二、单项选择。1. Let us suppose that you are in position of parent. Would you allow your child to do such a thing?Certainly not.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the2. Having been warned of the likely lung

94、cancer, Mr. White had to _ on smoking. A. cut down B. cut off C. cut in D. cut out3. The representatives were seen with the employers about their pay. A. seated and was negotiated B. seating and negotiatedC. seated, negotiating D. seating to be negotiated4. Tom adores _ classic novels and dreams _ a

95、 writer. A. reading; being B. to read; of being C. reading; of being D. to read; being5. The girl had to the journey because of her mothers illness. A. cut short B. abandon C. give up D. all of the above6. He abandoned the accepted styles and rules of painting and from scratch, created a style of ar

96、t known cubism. A. started; as B. started; for C. starting; as D. starting; for7. I _ at a party held in honor of our new major.A. made his acquaintance B. made my acquaintanceC. made an acquaintance D. made the acquaintance8. Here is a ticket for you, Sir. _ I wasnt speeding.A. Thank you. B. My ple

97、asure. C. Whats the matter? D. Im sorry.9. Was Mary still angry with me? To tell the truth, _ reading your letter, she didnt open it. A. but forB. far fromC. rather thanD. no wonder10. Ann is in hospital. Oh, really? I _ know. I _ go and visit her. A. didnt; am going to B. dont; would C. dont; will

98、D. didnt; will11. Why are you so popular with your students? As a teacher, I seldom give my students so difficult a problem _ they cannot work out.A. as B. that C. if D. which 12. You neednt add any explanation here because the meaning of the word will be _ very clearly in the next paragraph.A. pick

99、ed outB. brought outC. brought upD. looked up13. Its so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats more B. Thats to sayC. In other words D. Believe it or not14. Mistakes in public notices can be seen here and there.A. being translatedB. translatingC. having transl

100、atedD. translated15. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a doctor in the countryside.A. set outB. took overC. took upD. set up16. Everything was perfect for the picnic _ the weather.A. in place of B. as well as C. except for D. in case of17. Lianzhan said that peopl

101、e in Taiwan and Mainland must try hard to understand each other, and _ misunderstanding. A. do away B. do upC. clear away D. clear up 18. He narrowly missed being seriously hurt, if not_, by the explosion.A. killed B. being killed C. be killed D. to be killed 19. Susan _for three years to be a compu

102、ter analyst but found her progress discouraging.A. has worked B. worked C. had worked D. was working 20. Few people paid full attention to their health conditions _ they were seriously ill.A. when B. if C. until D. before 21. As _ humorous people, _ British like playing a joke on others. A. the; 不填B

103、. 不填; theC. a; theD. the; the 22. I have to collect _ about the topic before I start writing the book. A. a few more materials B. a few more material C. a little more materials D. a little more material23. No one can walk the wire without a bit of fear unless _ very young. A. having been trained B.

104、trainedC. to be trained D. being trained24. Could you tell me what he said just now? Sorry, I _ what was going on outside.A. had thoughtB. was thinkingC. thoughtD. think 25. Has Mary finished writing her article? No, and it _ before class was over.A. should be finished B. should finish C. should hav

105、e finished D. ought to have been finished26. As is generally agreed, a family without love is not _ a family as a body without soul in a man.A. such B. as much of C. so much of D. much of 27. I want to be alone right now! Get the picture? _.A. Yes, I like it very much B. Fine! Ill leave, then. C. Th

106、atll do. D. Yes, Ill take it.28. Only after the second tower of the World Trade Centre did people know it was not an accident, but an attack of some kind.A. had hit B. did fall C. was hit D. was fallen 29. The villagers, _ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross. A. all of th

107、eir homes B. all their homes C. whose all homes D. all of whose homes 30. Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it. A. shantB. might notC. needntD. shouldnt31. Do you really want to go out? It may rain. _, I shall go out; I dont

108、mind the rain. A. Anyway B. Otherwise C. Somehow D. Therefore 32. Not only _ give people relaxation and pleasure, but _ increase their knowledge of any kind. A. can travel, it can B. travel can, can it C. can travel, can it D. travel can, it can 33. Id like to take a weeks holiday. _, were too busy.

109、A. Dont worryB. Dont mention itC. Forget itD. Pardon me34. Could you tell me _ of you would like to take part in the English competition?A. whichB. whoC. whomD. whose 35. Did your boss phone you again the next day? No, it was a fortnight _ he gave me a second call. A. thatB. whenC. beforeD. since36.

110、 The flowers _ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smelling C. smeltD. to be smelt 37. Julia is always saying that she cannot _ being laughed at.A. understandB. permitC. allowD. stand 38. Lizzie was _ to see her friend off at the airport.A. a little more th

111、an sadB. more than a little sad C. sad more than a littleD. a little more sad than39. Never in my wildest dreams _ these people are living in such poor conditions. A. I could imagine B. could I imagine C. I couldnt imagine D. couldnt I imagine 40. Without my glasses, I couldnt _ whether that figure

112、on the blackboard was a three or an eight. A. make out B. make up C. make for D. make off 三、动词填空。 1. I remember _ (weep) with pride when my first son was born.2. The official had these clothes and blankets _ (distribute) among the refugees.3. The government and rebel leaders sat down at the _ (negot

113、iate) table for the first time yesterday.4. To begin to answer these questions, he demanded we first _ (explore) the normal course of human language development.5. The poem is well worthy of _ (adore). 6. The baby was found_ (abandon) outside a local hospital. 7. In the streets, there are many worke

114、rs _ (bargain) for better pay. 8. _ (repeat) for several times, the sentence was eventually understood by all the students. 9. I would defend the right of scientists _ (experiment) on animals. 10. Paul succeeded in _ (stick) two pieces of paper together at last.四、根据课文内容填空。Li Ming is telling Yang Yan

115、 all about his trip. First, Li Ming along with his aunt and grandmother, who are both very (1) t_ artists, started in Spain and went to the city of Malaga, the (2) b_ of Pablo Picasso. He was amazed to learn that Picasso was not only a painter, but also a sculptor and a (3) p_. Second, they flew to

116、Paris, where all the buildings are very (4) h_. During four days in Paris they spent one whole day at the Louvre Museum, where there is the famous Mona Lisa painting by the (5) I_ artist Leonardo da Vinci. Besides being a painter, da Vinci was also a sculptor, an (6) a_, and engineer and a scientist

117、. He made a lot of scientific (7) d_ that he shared with the world, particularly in the field of (8) a_. Third, they went to Amsterdam. On the way there, they flew over a (9) t_. Some people were scared, but he liked seeing it. Yesterday they went to the Van Gogh Museum, where he knew something abou

118、t Van Gogh and his paintings. Towards the end of his life, Van Gogh created more (10) a_ artwork. Fourth, tomorrow they are off to another museum in Amsterdam. At last Li Ming promises to tell Yang Yan more about his trip when he gets back.参考答案一、单词拼写1. scratch2. scholarships3. bargaining4. stuck 5.

119、distributed6. ranging7. masterpiece8. exploring9. experimenting 10.assistance 11. appetite12. peaceful13. height 14. photographer 15. shores 16. masterpiece 17. peaceful 18. graduation/graduating 19. scholarships 20. dormitory21. gallery 22 fisherman 23. architecture 24. rainbow 25. subjective二、单项选择

120、CACCD CACBD ABDDC CDACC CDBBD CBCDA AACAC BDBBA三、动词填空1. weeping 2. distributed 3. negotiating 4. explore 5. being adored 6. abandoned 7. bargaining 8. Repeated 9. to experiment 10. sticking 四、课文填空1. talented 2. birthplace 3. photographer 4. historic 5. Italian 6. architect 7. discoveries 8. astronomy 9. thunderstorm 10. abstract