2020年中考英语写作指导及练习.docx

1、英语写作指导及练习一、了解高分作文的特点要想作文获得高分，必须了解高分作文具有的特点，才有助于我们朝之而努力。高分作文一般具有以下特点：1、书写工整，书面整洁，很少有涂改痕迹。2、分段合理。全文分段一般不止一个自然段，让阅卷老师很容易就能找到作文所要求写的要点和重要句子。3、要点齐全，不缺要点。4、首尾呼应，自然成一体。5、使用了大量的高级词汇和句型。阅卷老师一看就知道这个同学的功底非不一般，自然就给打高分了。6、开头言简意赅，不啰嗦，不偏题，迅速引入主题。7、段与段之间，自然过渡。有合适的连接词。8、句与句之间，有恰当的连接词，使之自然成一体。9、全文中同一个意思，基本没有重复使用某一个词、

2、短语或者句型等，说明这个同学的词汇量不同寻常。老师自然就对该作文有好感了。10、能够恰当使用谚语、格言等给文章添彩。二、勤积累，巧准备要想作文得高分，除了了解以上的特点外，还要在平时的学习中注意一下方面：1、牢记课标词汇是基础一篇作文多数是由积极词汇写出来的，这些词汇主要来源于课标。因此，牢记课标词汇是写好作文的基础。2、掌握课标词汇和短语的用法要想作文不扣分或者少扣分，有个要求是作文的语病少。怎么能够减少语病呢?这就要求我们在平时的学习过程中反复通过练习，掌握课标词汇和短语等的用法。例如，对于as soon as、stopsome body from doing something、othe

3、r、another等的用法很多学生就经常出错。3、高度重视同一个意思的多种表达方式高分作文有个特点是：让老师发现你拥有丰富的词汇量，你的水平高人一筹。这由何而来?靠我们在平时学习过程中，逐步积累起来的。比如：今年的中考作文，谈的就是帮助他人的问题。同一个意思“帮助”，假如你就用一个动词“help”，岂不显得你词汇贫乏?假如你在作文中不断地变换方式，用help、give somebody a hand、give a hand to somebody、be in need of等以表达“帮助”同一个意思，岂不更好呢?像这样的例子很多，比如：大家都觉得很简单又很基础的“表示姓名的方式”就有My na

4、me is Jim.Im Jim.Im called/named Jim.Im a boy called/named/with the name of Jim.等等。表达年龄的方式有：She is 12.She is 12 years old.She is aged 12.She is a girl of 12(years old)。She is a girl aged 12.等等。 很显然，使用高级一点的更好。4、加强练习，积累经验学习语言最好的方法是运用，作文也不例外。我们要想作文得高分，必须经常练习，才能提高水平。5、充分利用作文范文很多资料书上都有作文范文。诚然，他们有很多值得借鉴的地

5、方。我们怎么利用它们呢?首先，我们先不要看文章，自己先思考一下：假如你来写，你会怎么去写，会用到哪些词或者句子等。然后去比较，勾出其中的好词佳句，并且把它摘录在专门的作文册子上。供写作时选用。另外，背一些范文也是很有必要的。6、背诵一些谚语和警句作文中如果出现恰当的谚语和警句，会有锦上添花的效果。三、精心审题，沉着写初稿很多同学看到作文后，下笔就写。这是不对的。一则很容易写偏题、写出病句，涂改后书面又不整洁，影响得分。其实，会写作文的同学都知道，审题非常的重要，可以防止很多毛病，提高得分。那么我们审题要做些什么呢?审题主要要做一下事情：1、审人称、时态、体裁等审题时，要求我们要弄清楚这篇文章主

6、要使用的人称是第几人称，什么时态、什么体裁。这些问题解决后至少不会犯很严重的错误：全文皆错。例如，如果一篇文章，本来应该一般过去时，你的每句话却用了一般现在时态。你想想，那还能得高分吗?2、明确必须表达的要点高分作文有个特点是要点齐全。如果漏掉一个要点，则要扣分。因此我们必须认真细读其要求，把必须表达的要点勾出来。保证不漏掉任何一个要点。3、罗列出可能会用到的短语、句型，确定好使用哪个?4、确定好如何分段就是要确定好，将哪些要点放在一个自然段里面，首段、尾段打算写哪些?英语写作检查的原则：（1）内容要点：缺少一个内容要点，文章直接降到第三档（2）语法错误：动词三单形式，时态，语态，单复数，主谓

7、一致，冠词等（3）变换句式：过于简单的结构要试着变化，从句，固定句型的正确使用。 (4) 拼写：单词的拼写、大小写和标点符号，卷面的整洁。写作练习：（人物篇）写人作文是中考的热门题材之一， 写这类作文时要注意以下几点：1. 描写人物时，不能面面俱到，泛泛而写，要重点突出其鲜明特征，以表现与其他人物的不同之处。2. 叙述与人物有关的事情时，要分清主次，前后照应，选取典型事例来刻画人物。3. 描写人物时，一般在结尾处要对人物进行评价，抒发自己对人物的情感。基本框架 人物 Part 1 外貌 性格 时间 Part 2 过程 事件 结果 Part 3 感受写作评分标准及进步方向：内容要点应用词汇: 高

8、级词汇的合理使用（energetic, intelligence）、同义词的变化使用(以likebeautiful为例)、短语的恰当使用(come up with)语法结构的准确性：适当运用较复杂的语法，固定句式（感叹句、强调句、倒装句等）、定语从句、状语从句、现在分词短语、动词不定式等。 Taps must be turned off after being used.上下文的连贯性： 连接词、非谓语动词等结构。First of all , in a word等连接词汇总：1. 表示目的：for this purpose，for this reason，so that，in order th

9、at，so as to，in order to2. 表示对照：but，however，yet，on the other hand，on the contrary3. 表示结果：so，thus，therefore，as a result 4. 表示因果：because，since，as, for， because of , owing to5. 表示强调：indeed，in fact，as a matter of fact 6. 表示并列观点：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally, first of all, also，and，in addition，besid

10、es，whats more，moreover, last but not least, whats worse7. 表示解释和说明：for example， for instance8. 表示比较：like，just like，just as，in the same way，similarly9. 表示总结：finally，at last，in short，in a word10. 表示让步：although，though， even though，no matter wh建议记诵的话题词汇和短语：11. 关系：father, parents , grandfather ,uncle ,aun

11、t ,schoolmate, monitor等，cousin比较加分哦12. 职业：teacher, doctor, nurse, dentist, cook, artist, scientist, soldier, manager, businessman, journalist等13. 外貌性格：pretty , good-looking, short , tall, lovely, adorable, naughty, smart , wise, diligent, lazy, humorous, attractive, funny, outgoing, serious, quiet.

12、warm-hearted, patient，strong-minded, hard-working等(介绍外貌时候可用上定语从句，开篇就亮点)14. 年龄： a twenty-year-old man, as a boy of 15, at the age of 10, during his childhood, middle-aged , in his forties 等15. 兴趣爱好： enjoy doing, like to do /doing, be fond of, be crazy about, be interested in , prefer to do/doing 16.

13、评价： be popular with , be respected by, be honored as, be considered ad, be famous for, be regarded as, set a good example等。句子： 1. He shows great enthusiasm in pursuing knowledge.2. She is a ordinary-looking girl with short hair.3. Not only does she . but also4. He sets us a good example.5. Ill never

14、 forget the day when6. Im so proud that I have such a good friend.7. He is considered as an honest, humorous teacher and he is respected and loved by the students and other teachers. 8. Owing to his patient guide and my effort , I learned quite well at the end.9. Without his help, I would have10. It

15、 was because of their help and encouragement that I could get the best result. 11. She has a great sense of humorous.12. She always comforts me when I get into trouble.13. Im very grateful to him for all that he has done for me.14. During the process of my growth, there are lots of people I want to

16、thank, but the person I want to thank most is15. I want to thank sb. from the bottom of my heart. (1)时光匆匆，不知不觉中，同学们的初中生活即将结束，你们有一个懵懂的孩童成长为有知识有理想的少年。在你们成长的历程中，渗透了父母的心血，充满了师长的关爱，得到了朋友的帮助，请以My_为题，写一篇短文，描述你心中最重要的人或最令你难忘的人。要求：1. 把题目补充完整。 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。 3. 词数在60 - 80之间。 4. 内容要齐全，包括以下几点：Who is the pers

17、on in your heart?Why is the person so important in your heart?What will you learn from the person in the future?参考范文： My father is a hero in my heart. Although he has been away for many years, he still lives in my heart now.As a father of the five children, he knew his duty. When I was a little girl

18、, I thought my father never knew tired. He always worked and worked. He was a man of great strength both physically and in the mind.My father not only worked hard to support the whole family, but also looked after my ailing(多病的) mother. Day and night, he struggled for years with mothers disease. At

19、last, my mother recovered because of my fathers love and help. However, my father, a man who was great and gentleness, fell down. I lost my hero. He was too tired. He slept for ever.A few years has passed, but I think my father never left me. He always smiles at me and lives in my heart. I know I ha

20、ve my fathers love. It gives me courage to do anything, to face any difficulties in my life.From him, I will learn to stand up straightly, to be proud of who I am!2. A Real Friend提示：朋友，是思想上值得依赖，情感上可以依托，学习上能得到帮助，生活上给予关照的人。请写一、两件事情来讲述你和朋友之间真挚的友情。要求：1、请根据所给题目，用英语写一篇短文，词数不少于60个； 2、语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁； 3、文中不得

21、使用你的真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计； 4、短文必须写在答题卡上，如在本卷作答，一律不得分。参考范文：A Real FriendEveryone needs friends. Friendship plays an important role in our lives. Friends can encourage us to be better and share our hopes and dreams. Amy is a real friend like this.When I became a middle school student, I dont do well in Engli

22、sh or math. I fell behind others. I was worried and upset. At that time, Amy often lent me her notebooks and came to my house to help me after school. When I wanted to give up, she always encouraged me to hold on, Thanks to Amy, a month later I caught up with others. Now both of us are in Grade 9, w

23、e have the same dreams - to be a student in a good university. I think we can achieve our dreams.A friend in need is a friend indeed. Amy is such a good friend.记诵词组1. suffer from 遭受, 忍受2. thanks to 多亏了3. get/be used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于4. be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于5. concentrate on sth. 专注于6. share

24、your happiness and sadness with sb. 和某人分享你的快乐和痛苦7. pursue knowledge 追求知识8. be in trouble 处于困境中，遇到麻烦9. depend on sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事10. to be honest 老实说11. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事12. be popular with sb. 受到某人的欢迎13. strengthen our friendship 增进我们的友谊 promote our friendship14. benefit a lot f

25、rom sth. 从中受益良多15. speak highly of sb. 对某人评价高16. get along well with sb. 和某人相处得好17. put ones heart into sth. 用心对待某事18. make progress 取得进步19. have trouble in doing sth. 做某事有困难20. come true 实现21. realize/achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想22. enjoy doing sth. like to do sth. / like doing sth. be fond of sth. /

26、 doing sth. be crazy about sth. / doing sth.prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 23. is of great help for sb. 对某人有很大的帮助= very helpful lose ones temper 发脾气写作练习：（叙事篇）1.力求简洁，阐明核心人物和事件，无需过多细节删2.连词必须有，按照时间顺序在句子之间加上承接或转折的词或词组，保持叙事连贯，没有不相干的内容增3.注意句式多样化，用sothat, notuntil, which, unless或者倒装、状语前置、分词、从句等等方式，让行文丰富起来

27、改4.注意时态，叙事多为一般过去时查 写作练习：（保护环境篇） As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. In some places we cant see fish swimming in the river or trees on the hills. Bird there is less and less fresh water in the world.Some people even have no clean water to drink. So I think we must do

28、 something to protect the environment. But what can we do? How to protect our environment? For example, we can go toschool on foot or by bike instead of taking a car. We had better use shopping basketbets instead of plastic bags when we go shopping. We should use both sides of the paper when we writ

29、e. Dot use paper cups.At our school dinning room, use our own bowls and chopsticks instead of disposable ones. We can reuse the water and save the electricity.In a word, ifeveryone pays more attention to our environment, there will be less pollution and our life will be better.There is only one eart

30、h, I hope everyone will protect our environment well.写作练习：（旅游景点篇）二、介绍地点（旅游等）词名词：Canada, France, Japan, the United States. Australia, Singapore, the United Kingdom, country, Sydney, New York, Paris, Toronto, Tokyo, language, Japanese, world, French, office, post office, library, restaurant, bank, str

31、eet, pay phone, avenue, center, bridge, neighborhood, garden, district, tour, place, way, taxi, airport, map, shop, hospital, station, direction, New York City, guide, center, corner, the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, Tianan Men Square, Hutong, culture, bicycle, subway, car, train, bus stop, train

32、station, minute, kilometer, mile, river, town, theater, cinema, radio station, screen, jeans, service, clothing store, train, subway, on vacation, the capital of, history, colorful history, space museum, amusement park, zoo, water park, tour guide, tourist, island, 动词：visit, arrive, take, visit, thi

33、nk of, take a taxi, turn left, take photos, worry, get to, be close to, think about, do a survey, travel, take the train, live in, fall in love with, be in style, be welcomed by, take a ride, consider, translate, provide, sail, continue, take it easy, provide sb. with sth, offer sb. sth, be willing

34、to, dream of, hold on to形容词：international, west, fantastic, awful, delicious, expensive, crowded, cheap, quick, early, trendy, comfortable, easy, worse, worst, loud, lovely, cheap, dull, huge, famous, wonderful, foreign, natural, strange, beautiful, relaxing, fun, dangerous, interesting, boring, exc

35、iting, tiring, peaceful, lively, crowded, expensive, hot句There is a supermarket.Its on Center Street.Its across from the bank.Its next to the post office.Its between the restaurant and the supermarket. Have a good trip. Have a good time.Showtime cinema is the cheapest.Gold theatre has the most comfo

36、rtable seats.The most popular clothes store is Jasons .It has the best quality clothing.As for radio stations, most people think that Jazz 107.9 FM is really great.We did a survey of our readers and this what we learned.I love places where the people are friendly.I hope to see/visitone day/some day.

37、Id like to go somewhere relaxing/interesting.For your next vacation, why not consider visiting?It has/ doesnt haveWe can do lots of outdoor activities. It is convenient to 亮点提升:1. 词组计划及希望：will do, be going to do, want to do, plan to do, decide to do, make up ones mind to do, would like to do, be abo

38、ut to do, hope to do, hope +从句喜好及兴趣：like / enjoy doing, be fond of doing, be keen on doing, prefer to do, be interested in sth /doing sth., be impressed by, 其他活动：spend time doing, cant help doing, suit sb. just fine, look forward to sth/doing sth. relax oneself, experience the life, 介绍方位：south, nort

39、h, west, east, in front of, between, opposite, next to, across from, near 2. 句型从句 tooto, so that, not onlybut also, why not, make sb. adj., that/which/who3. 非谓语结构：Its +adj. for sb. to do, doing sth ise.g. For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Beijing? Bird Nest, which was built for the 2

40、008 Olympic games, is the largest stadium in BeijingBeijing, the capital of China, is famous for its long history and splendid culture.Beijing duck (snacks) is one of the most delicious foods, which you should never miss.Beijing is a lovely place where the people are friendly and warm-hearted.Only w

41、hen you come yourself, can you experience its charm. 文22008 四川自贡中考作文 北京将迎来2008年的奥运会，请以主人的身份向外国朋友介绍一下北京和北京几个著名的景点。根据以下提示写一篇短文。1. 北京是一个历史悠久的城市；2. 北京有许多名胜古迹；3. 紫禁城是最受来宾欢迎的景点之一；4. 故宫非常漂亮和著名；5. 长城也是非常美丽可去一看的地方；6. 天安门广场是一个好去处，可去漫步；注意：1. 词数80左右。 2. 请不要逐字翻译，可适当添加细节，使行文连贯、意思完整、符合逻辑。 3. 参考词汇：紫禁城 the Forbidden

42、 City, 故宫 the Imperial Palace, 天安门广场 Tiananmen Square优秀范文：As the 29th Olympic Games is just around the corner, more and more foreigners are coming to Beijing. In order to help them know more about it, I am glad to say something about our great capital.Beijing is a large city with a long history. The

43、re are many places of interest in Beijing, such as the Forbidden City, the Imperial Palace, Tiananmen Square, the Great Wall and so on. The Forbidden City is one of the most favorite places where our foreign friends like to go. The Imperial Palace, which is beautiful and famous, is also a place wort

44、h visiting. You can see a lot of culture relics there. If you want to know more about the Great Wall, you will have to go there. As you know, there is a Chinese saying, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man. ”Walking on the Tiananmen Square, you will feel it is one of the greatest squares in the world. If you go there early in the morning, maybe you can see your national flag rising ceremony.I am sure you will have a great time in Beijing.