2022届高三英语培优外刊阅读学案：生态话题.docx

1、高三英语培优外刊阅读班级：_学号：_姓名：_外刊精选在北美，鸟类在悄悄消失近日，一项研究显示，美国和加拿大的鸟类在近50年内减少了30亿，这一数字让众多生物学家瞠目结舌。大量减少的鸟类，既有珍稀物种，也有像知更鸟这样的家鸟。导致北美洲鸟类消失的原因有哪些？这又将对生态环境造成怎样的影响？Flight to extinction: North American birds are vanishingThe spring has never been more silent and the skies never so devoid of these small mercies. That fam

2、iliar chirp and coo might as well be a swansong.Researchers have confirmed that the number of birds in the US and Canada has fallen by 29 percent since 1970, a loss of nearly 3 billion birds in the North America continent. The decline threatens not only rare species, but common backyard birds such a

3、s American robins and house sparrows, who are slowly making their way towards the exit, too. Over 500 species in North America were surveyed for the study published in the journal Science. The colossal loss of avian populations is squarely attributed to habitat loss, mechanized agriculture and wider

4、 use of pesticides.Birds vital roles go beyond their vast array of shapes and sounds. They control pests, pollinate plants, spread seeds and transform the entire landscape. Seabirds, in particular, fertilize marine ecosystems and keep coral reefs alive. The dwindling abundance is only part of the da

5、nger. Its more insidious that people never notice birds are shrinking at such an exceptional rate, and thus do not act upon it. The research may well be an alert, but still, it could be too late to realize that we need the birds more than they need us.【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。1.extinction kstkn n. _2

6、.vanish vn vi. _3.swansong swns n. _4.backyard bkjd n. _5.survey sve vt. _ 6.colossal kls()l adj. _7.avian evn adj. _8.squarely skwel adv. _9.vital vat()l adj. _10.array re n. _11.pollinate plnet vt. _12.fertilize ftlaz vt. _13.dwindle dwnd()l vt._14.insidious nsds adj. _【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.最

7、_2.毫无某物，完全没有某物_3.叽叽喳喳声_4下降了_5.珍稀品种_6走向某地_7.归因于；归功于_8.超过，不止于_9.珊瑚礁_拓展练习阅读理解Birds are the only animals with feathers, although some other animals, such as insects and bats, also have wings. Nearly all birds can fly, and even flightless birds, such as ostriches (鸵鸟), penguins, evolved from flying ances

8、tors.Birds are found worldwide in many habitats. They can fly over some of the highest mountains on earth as well as both of the earths poles, dive through water to depths of more than 250m, and occupy habitats with the most extreme climates on the planet, including arctic tundra (冻土地带) and the Saha

9、ra Desert. Certain kinds of seabirds are commonly seen over the open ocean thousands of kilometers from the nearest land, but all birds must come ashore to raise their young.Highly developed animals, birds are sensitive and responsive, colorful and graceful, with habits that excite interest and inqu

10、iry. People have long been fascinated by birds, in part because birds are found in the same habitats in which humans live. And like people, most species of birds are active during daylight hours. Humans find inspiration in birds capacity for flight and in their musical calls. Humans also find birds

11、useful-their flesh and eggs for food, their feathers for warmth, and their companionship. Perhaps a key basis for our friendliness with birds is the similarity of our sensory worlds: Both birds and humans rely more heavily on hearing and color vision than on smell. Birds are useful indicators of the

12、 quality of the environment, because the health of bird populations mirrors the health of our environment. The rapid decline in birds populations and the accelerating extinction rates of birds in the worlds forests, grassland, wetlands, and islands are therefore reasons for great concern.21.Which of

13、 the following would be the best title of the text?A.Animals with Feathers and WingsB.Our friendliness with birdsC.An introduction to BirdsD.Birds life22.What does the second paragraph mainly tell us ?A.Birds friendshipB.Birds habitatsC.Birds raisingD.Birds environment23.Which of following is NOT tr

14、ue according to the passage ?A.Birds flying abilities and musical calls inspire humans greatly.B.Birds live in the same surroundings in which humans live.C.Both birds and humans rely more heavily on hearing and smell than on color vision.D.Birds flesh and eggs for food, birds feathers for warmth, an

15、d their companionship are useful to us.24.From the text it may imply but NOT state that _.A.the environment is being damaged seriouslyB.if you want to raise birds, you should pay attention to environmentC.the environment affects the human beingsD.bird populations decrease rapidly外刊精选答案【词汇过关】请写出下面文单词

16、在文章中的中文意思。1.extinction kstkn n. 灭绝2.vanish vn vi. 消失3.swansong swns n. 天鹅之歌4.backyard bkjd n. 后院5.survey sve vt. 调查 6.colossal kls()l adj. 巨大的7.avian evn adj. 鸟的，鸟类的8.squarely skwel adv. 直接地，完全地，毫无疑问地9.vital vat()l adj. 至关重要的10.array re n. 大批11.pollinate plnet vt. 对授粉12.fertilize ftlaz vt. 使变得肥沃13.d

17、windle dwnd()l vt. 减少14.insidious nsds adj. 棘手的，狡猾的【词块学习】请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。1.have never been + 比较级最2.be devoid of sth.毫无某物，完全没有某物3.chirp and coo叽叽喳喳声4.fall by + 百分比下降了5.rare species珍稀品种6.make ones way towards some place走向某地7.be attributed to sth.归因于；归功于8.go beyond超过，不止于9.coral reef珊瑚礁【全文翻译】灭绝之旅：北美鸟

18、类在消失春天从未如此寂静，天空也从未如此缺乏这些小巧的身影。那些熟悉的啾啾咕咕声，也很可能成为最后的绝响。研究人员证实，自1970年以来，美国和加拿大的鸟类数量已减少29%，意味着近30亿只鸟儿从北美大陆消失。受数量下降威胁的不仅仅是珍稀品种，就连类似美洲知更鸟和家雀等后院常见的鸟类，也在渐渐离我们远去。这份发表在科学杂志上的研究调查了逾500种北美鸟类。鸟类数量暴跌的直接原因在于栖息地减少、农业机械化和越来越广泛的农药使用。鸟类的重要作用远不止它们多样的形态和声音。它们控制害虫、为植物授粉、播撒种子，并改造整个生态景观。特别是海鸟，它们为海洋生态系统提供肥料，使珊瑚礁得以存活。丰富度的日益减少只是危机的一部分，更棘手之处在于人们从未注意到鸟儿在以如此惊人的速度消失，因而也并未采取行动。此项研究可以看作是一次警告，但是，等我们意识到人类对鸟儿的需要远超鸟儿对人类的需求之时，可能为时已晚。拓展练习阅读理解参考答案21.C 22.B 23.C 24.A