24 新冠疫苗研发-2022年中考英语最新热点时文阅读.docx

1、2022年中考英语最新热点时文阅读-新冠疫苗研发题型主要内容1阅读理解澳大利亚科学家为研发新型冠状病毒疫苗对羊驼所做的研究2阅读理解介绍了有关新冠肺炎疫苗的适用人群，不适合接种疫苗的群体，接种疫苗后需要注意事项等3阅读填表介绍中国的新冠疫苗4阅读还原介绍了接种疫苗的好处，对一些特殊群体的建议，接种疫苗产生的副作用01（2021湖北武汉一初慧泉中学模拟预测）HEALTHScience Daily2021, May, 14Cute Care for VirusIf youve ever seen an alpaca (羊驼), you might just think theyre fuzzy a

2、nd cute. Now it looks like these animals might be able to help scientists find a vaccine (疫苗) for COVID-19. Australian scientists are studying alpacas. These animals have a unique immune response (免疫反应). Scientists used to use them to do research on viruses like HIV. Now they have found that when al

3、pacas are infected with COVID-19, their bodies react in a special way. “Alpacas and animals like them (such as camels) actually create two different types of antibodies (抗体). One is similar to the type we humans make, but they also create these things called nanobodies (纳米抗体),” said Michael James, a

4、 researcher who took part in the study. The nanobodies, however, can stop infection from happening. You can think of our cells as “locks” and the viral spike protein as a “key”. James said the nanobodies fill the “lock” so that the “key” cannot get in. Although the results look good so far, it will

5、take some time to produce a vaccine based on the findings. The nanobodies require far more research to make sure they are both effective and safe. Since the nanobodies are new, they must be tested very strictly in a laboratory before they can be tried on humans, according to James.1According to the

6、material, we can know that _.Athe photo was provided by JamesBthe vaccine will be produced on May 14CCute Care for Virus comes from China DailyDScience Daily reported the news2Why are scientists studying alpacas?ATo help with research on HIV.BTo develop a vaccine for COVID-19.CTo invent effective me

7、dicines for HIV.DTo test new medicines for COVID-19.3What is the role of nanobodies?AInfecting body cells.BKilling viruses.CProtecting cells from infection.DProducing viral spike proteins.4What do we know from the passage?AThe research on nanobodies uses a special method.BThe research on nanobodies

8、hasnt gone well.CThe nanobodies have been tried on humans.DThe nanobodies will continue to be tested.5The writer gives the title Cute Care for Virus because he wants to _.Aask the readers to help him answerBguide the readers to understand betterCmake the readers think lessDincrease the readers readi

9、ng speed02（2021山东定陶一模）At the beginning of 2021, the Chinese government said it will provide free COVID-19 vaccines（疫苗）to all Chinese citizens. Sine then, millions of people have gotten the vaccine. Lets take a closer look. _The vaccine is given by injection（注射）. Its suggested to get two doses. You s

10、hould wait about two weeks after the first dose to get the second one. Can people of all ages get vaccinated?The vaccines have been tested among three different age groups: 3 to 17, 18 to 59, and 60 and above. The 18-to-59 age group has the most data（数据）the vaccines have been proven to be safe in th

11、is group. The other two groups are expected to be included soon. Is there anyone who shouldnt get vaccinated?Experts say the vaccines are safe for most people. But people who have serious diseases such as cancer or diabetes（糖尿病）, or people who are allergic（过敏的）to any of the vaccines ingredients, sho

12、uld not get it. People who want to get the vaccine should not get any other vaccines during the same period. Do I still need to wear a mask in public places after Ive been vaccinated?Yes. It takes a few weeks for the body to build immunity（免疫力）after vaccination（接种疫苗）. This means its possible for a p

13、erson to get infected（传染的）just after vaccination. Theres also a small chance that your body wont build immunity. So before the population becomes immune（免疫的）to the virus, its highly encouraged to keep wearing masks, practicing social distancing（社交隔离）and washing your hands after getting vaccinated.6W

14、ho is sure to be safe after getting the COVID-19 vaccine right now?AAll Chinese citizens.BPeople aged 3 to 17.CPeople aged 18 to 59.7What can the missing sentence “_” be?AHow is the vaccine given?BCan people with serious diseases get vaccinated?CHow does the vaccine work?8What do we know about peopl

15、e who want to get a COVID-19 vaccine?AThey shouldnt get other vaccines at the same time.BThey only need to pay a small amount of money.CThey need to get two doses within a week.9The writer develops the last paragraph by_.Atelling a storyBgiving reasonsCcomparing two facts03（2021四川新都三模）阅读下面短文，补全表格中所缺

16、的信息。The vaccines China is now using are called “inactivated vaccines”（灭活疫苗）. There are no living viruses in these vaccines. They cannot cause the disease, but can show your body what the virus looks like and make you immune（免疫）to it. Studies show that Chinas vaccines are 79.34 percent effective. If

17、79 percent of the whole population becomes immune, the possibility of COVID-19 spreading will be very low.The vaccine is given by injection（注射）. Its advised to get two doses（剂量）. You should wait about two weeks after the first dose to get the second one. The vaccines have been tested among three dif

18、ferent age groups: 3 to 17, 18 to 59, and 60 and above. The 18-to-59 age group has the most datathe vaccines have been proven to be safe to this group. Experts suggest people from the age of 18 get vaccinated. But people who have serious diseases such as cancer（癌症）or diabetes（糖尿病）, or people who are

19、 allergic（过敏的）to any of the vaccines ingredients, should not get it. People who want to get the vaccine should not get any other vaccines during the same period. It takes a few weeks for the body to build immunity after vaccination. Theres also a small chance that your body wont build immunity. So b

20、efore the population becomes immune to the virus, its highly encouraged to keep wearing masks and washing your hands after getting vaccinated. Chinas Vaccine PolicyWhat is Chinas vaccine?“Inactivated vaccines” means the viruses are _10_.How does the vaccine work?The viruses in vaccine makes people i

21、mmune to it in their bodies _11_ causing the disease.How is the vaccine given?People should get two doses by injection to _12_ the possibility of COVID-19 spreading.Who can get vaccinated?People from the age of _13_ are encouraged to get vaccinated according to experts.What should people do before t

22、he population becomes immune to the virus?People should still wear _14_ and wash hands.04（2021浙江萧山一模）阅读下面有关新冠病毒疫苗接种知识的短文，然后从文后所给的A-F六个选项中选择正确的小标题，将其序号填入1-5题中，使短文意义正确、连贯。其中有一个选项是多余的。All you need to know about taking COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗)Vaccines will be used to stop people from getting the COVID-19

23、virus. China is giving free vaccines to all Chinese people. You might want to know how the vaccines work. Lets look to get the facts about the new COVID-19 vaccines._15_China now has four COVID-19 vaccines for market use and emergency use. What are the benefits of getting a COVID-19 vaccine? A COVID

24、-19 vaccine might: Prevent you from getting COVID-19 or from becoming seriously ill or dying. Prevent you from spreading the COVID-19 virus to others and replicating (复制). Add to the number of people in the group who are protected from getting COVID-19._16_A COVID-19 vaccine may cause strong side ef

25、fects after getting it, especially for those with chronic (慢性的) diseases or exceptions as follows, so do not advise them to get vaccinated right now. People who have a history of serious problems after taking vaccines. People with some serious diseases. People with high fever. Pregnant women._17_Do

26、you suit to receive the vaccination now? It all depends. People aged 60 or above: Research shows the vaccines are safe for people aged 60 or above. So we advise this group of people to take the vaccine. People under 18: We dont advise people under 18 to take the vaccines first. People with chronic (

27、慢性的) diseases: If the diseases are well-controlled, they can take the vaccines._18_A COVID-19 vaccine can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including fever, headache, muscle pain, feeling unwell etc. Youll be likely to be monitored for 15 minutes after getting a COVID-19 vaccin

28、e to see if you have an immediate reaction. Most side effects happen within the first three days after vaccination and typically last only one to two days._19_Keep in mind that if youre fully vaccinated from COVID-19, your risk of getting COVID-19 might be low. But if you become infected (感染), you m

29、ight spread the COVID-19 virus to others even if you dont have any signs of COVID-19. So vaccinated people should continue to take safety precautions, such as wearing a mask and avoiding close touch with others when they are in public.APeople not suitable for the vaccines.BAdvice for some special gr

30、oups.CTips for getting the vaccines.DThe possible side effects.EA warning after getting the vaccines.FBenefits of getting the vaccines.参考答案：1D2B3C4D5B【解析】本文介绍了澳大利亚科学家为研发新型冠状病毒疫苗对羊驼所做的研究。1细节理解题。根据“Provided by KJ”可知照片不是詹姆斯提供的，排除A；根据“Although the results look good so far, it will take some time to prod

31、uce a vaccine based on the findings.”结合“2021 , May, 14”可知5月14日疫苗还没有生产出来，排除B；根据“Science Daily”可知这篇报告是科学日报发表的，排除C。故选D。2细节理解题。根据“Now it looks like these animals might be able to help scientists find a vaccine for COVID-19.”可知科学家研究羊驼是为了研发新型冠状病毒疫苗。故选B。3细节理解题。根据“The nanobodies, however, can stop infection

32、 from happening.”可知纳米抗体能保护细胞免受感染。故选C。4推理判断题。根据“Since the nanobodies are new, they must be tested very strictly in a laboratory before they can be tried on humans, according to James.”可推知将继续测试纳米抗体。故选D。5推理判断题。本文介绍了澳大利亚科学家为研发新型冠状病毒疫苗对羊驼所做的研究。用“Cute Care for Virus”做标题是为了引导读者更好地理解文章内容。故选B。6C7A8A9B【解析】本文主

33、要介绍了有关新冠肺炎疫苗的相关事情，包括它的适用人群，不适合接种疫苗的群体，接种疫苗后需要注意事项等等。6细节理解题。根据“The 18-to-59 age group has the most data（数据）the vaccines have been proven to be safe in this group”可知，18至59岁这一年龄组被证明接种疫苗是安全的，故选C。7推理判断题。根据“The vaccine is given by injection”可知，本段介绍了疫苗注射的方式，故选A。8细节理解题。根据“People who want to get the vaccine

34、should not get any other vaccines during the same period”可知，想要接种疫苗的人在此期间不应再接种其他疫苗，故选A。9推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段给出了在接种疫苗后是否需要在公共场合佩戴口罩的原因，故选B。10dead11without12lower/reduce/decrease1318/eighteen14masks【解析】本文主要介绍中国的新冠疫苗。10根据“There are no living viruses in these vaccines.”可知，“灭活疫苗”意味着病毒已经死亡，dead表示“没有生命的”。故填

35、dead。11根据“They cannot cause the disease, but can show your body what the virus looks like and make you immune to it.”可知，疫苗中的病毒使人们在体内对其免疫而不会引起疾病，“causing”是动名词形式，此处应填一个介词，without表示“没有”，符合语境。故填without。12根据“Studies show that Chinas vaccines are 79.34 percent effective. If 79 percent of the whole populat

36、ion becomes immune, the possibility of COVID-19 spreading will be very low.”可知，人们应该通过注射两次剂量的疫苗来降低新型冠状病毒传播的可能性，lower/reduce/decrease表示“降低”。故填lower/reduce/decrease。13根据“The 18-to-59 age group has the most datathe vaccines have been proven to be safe to this group. Experts suggest people from the age o

37、f 18 get vaccinated.”可知，专家鼓励18岁以上的人接种疫苗。故填18/eighteen。14根据“So before the population becomes immune to the virus, its highly encouraged to keep wearing masks and washing your hands after getting vaccinated.”可知，人们仍然应该戴口罩和洗手。故填masks。15F16A17B18D19E【解析】本文主要介绍了接种疫苗的好处，不适合接种的人群分类，对一些特殊群体的建议，接种疫苗产生的副作用。15根

38、据“What are the benefits of getting a COVID-19 vaccine”此处应是引出下列介绍疫苗益处的一句话，F选项“接种疫苗的好处”符合，故选F。16根据“ especially for those with chronic (慢性的) diseases or exceptions as follows, so do not advise them to get vaccinated right now”可知，此处介绍不适合接种疫苗的人群，A选项“不适合接种疫苗的人”符合，故选A。17根据“So we advise this group of people

39、 to take the vaccine”及“We dont advise people under 18 to take the vaccines first”可知，此处是对于特殊人群接种疫苗的一些建议，B选项“对一些特殊群体的建议”符合，故选B。18根据“A COVID-19 vaccine can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including fever, headache, muscle pain, feeling unwell etc”可知，此处介绍接种疫苗后可能会产生的作用，D选项“可能的副作用”符合，故选D。19根据“So vaccinated people should continue to take safety precautions, such as wearing a mask and avoiding close touch with others when they are in public”可知，此处应是一些提醒或警告，E选项“接种疫苗后的警告”符合，故选E。