新教材2020-2021学年高中英语外研选择性必修三配套课件：UNIT 6　DEVELOPING IDEAS .ppt

1、Unit 6Nature in words Developing ideas 词汇积淀素养初探.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1.a campaign to _(禁止)smoking in public places2.leaves _(发抖)in the breeze 3.a sweet _(合唱曲)4.give the room a _(彻底的)cleaning5._(精确的)measurements bantremblingchorusthoroughprecise6.the _(推出)of the new project7.have a good _(名誉)8.the style a

2、nd _(优美)of the designs9.her _(具有强烈信念的)support for our cause 10.a ring with a _(钻石)in itlaunchreputationelegancepassionatediamond.选词填空by profession,alert.to.,urge.to.,dozens of,stand by1.The teacher strongly _ his students _ have online lessons actively and carefully.2.The government _ people _ the d

3、anger of gathering together when COVID-19 is still spreading.3.Shes a nurse _ and now runs a counselling service for women.urgesalertedtoby professionto4.The young man _ his idea at the meeting that the company is in trouble if not reformed.5.We collected _ shells on the beach at the weekend.stood b

4、ydozens of阅读精研素养构建.文本整体理解:理清文章架构Silent SpringThe author1._Year of publication1962PurposeTo alert not only the scientific community but also the general public to the 2._ effects of human activity on natural ecosystemsin particular,to the harmful use of pesticides such as DDT.To see 3._ used in a mor

5、e responsible,limited and carefully monitored way.Features of the bookShe wrote a lot of scientific research and case studies.The arguments are 4._.The 5._ is beautiful and elegant.6._ voices The pesticide industry said that her research isnt 7._.Her argument is more emotional rather than scientific

6、.Influence of the bookthe use of DDT was 8._The Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)was establishedCarson got a posthumous Presidential Medal of FreedomShe appeared on the 17-cent US 9._The book changed the world by increasing peoples 10._ awareness 答案:1.Rachel Carson2.damaging3.pesticides4.strong5.

7、language6.Opposing7.precise8.banned9.stamp10.environmental.文本细节理解:探寻语篇细节信息1.Why did Carson write Silent Spring?A.To blame Americans for destroying the environment.B.To stress the importance of birds for humans.C.To warn people of the overuse of pesticides in the eco-system.D.To explain the role of c

8、hemicals in changing nature.2.What can we infer from the second paragraph?A.Carson based her argument on scientific data.B.Carson launched campaigns to solve problems.C.Carson wrote the book with rich imagination.D.Carson listed her sources in her book everywhere.3.Why did some people challenge Cars

9、ons argument?A.They were too emotional about Carsons research.B.They found no science in Carsons claims.C.They couldnt make money by producing chemicals.D.They considered Carson not to be a true scientist.4.What made the writer like Silent Spring most?A.Its elegant language.B.Its passionate message.

10、C.Its horrible subject.D.Its interesting story.5.Why was Carsons Silent Spring so successful?A.It woke up people to the species crisis.B.It led to the“Green”movement in America.C.It prevented peoples negative effects on nature.D.It began the modern environmental movement.答案:15.CACAD.文本素养提升:阅读技能综合运用1

11、.根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句译文:曾经是响动着知更鸟、猫鹊、鸽子、松鸦、鹪鹩和其他许多鸟儿的黎明合唱声的清晨,_。如今却寂然无声;只有寂静笼罩着田野、树林和沼泽译文:她的书不仅改变了世界;_,所以我们能再次感受到它热情的信息之火给我们带来的温暖。半个世纪后,它仍然是一本值得今天重读的书2.根据课文完成短文Rachel Carson,a scientist by profession,wrote Silent Spring,A Fable forTomorrow in 1962,aiming(1)_(alert)people to the damaging effects of huma

12、n activity on natural ecosystems,especially the harmful use of pesticides such as DDT and wishing to see them used in a(2)_(much)responsible,limited and carefully(3)_(monitor)way.Carson contained a lot of scientific information,research and(4)_(example)in Silent Spring,describing in detail dozens of

13、 campaigns that were(5)_(original)designed to solve problems but killed other animals.Moreover,she(6)_(add)about 50 pages about where she got the information for her book.Silent spring was(7)_ great success,causing a great increase in environmental awareness.It not only led to the ban of DDT but als

14、o the establishment of EPA,so it was regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world,and earned her many honors.Unfortunately,it was also strongly criticized by the pesticide industry,(8)_ claimed that she didnt understand science because she wasnt a chemist.However,

15、she didnt lose heart(9)_ face of the challenges,defending her arguments in public.The book with its beautiful and elegant language deserves(10)_(read)even today,because without it,we may face a horrible silent world.答案:(1)to alert(2)more(3)monitored(4)examples (5)originally(6)added(7)a(8)who(9)in (1

16、0)reading/to be read3.阅读主题活动Talk about the following questions in pairs,and find out the best answer.(1)What is the significance of the book Silent Spring on todays environmental awareness and green movement?_ Today,environmentalists and the green movement argue that many silentchemical and radioact

17、ive toxins,as well as carbon emissions,pollute the earth,the effects of which we will not feel until it is too late and the damage has beendone.We need to pay attention now,they say,or pay the price.(2)Is Rachel Carsons opinion in Silent Spring still relevant today?_ _The book is relevant because it

18、 carefully compiles scientific evidence tomake its case.It shows that even though the impact of pesticides seems invisible,it is real,and it shows how all of the earth is interwoven ecologically.Damagingthe soil or water damages animals(Carson focuses on birds)and humans.In these days,the political

19、debate about climate change is fierce.Wedebate,despite overwhelming evidence and consensus among scientists,whether climate change is really happening in the world.Her book will providesome ideas for these global problems.要点精研素养奠基1.ban v.禁止;取缔*DDT was first produced in 1874 and was later used as pes

20、ticide.Now bannedin many countries,it is still used in some for malaria control.DDT最早生产于1874年,后来用作杀虫剂。现在在许多国家已经被禁止,但在一些国家仍被用于疟疾控制。*The law bans selling alcohol to those under 18 in the country.在那个国家法律禁止卖酒给18岁以下的人。*There is a ban on/against smoking in all indoor public places.禁止在所有室内公共场合吸烟。*The gover

21、nment put a ban on the sale of that drug.政府禁止售卖那种药物。【语块积累】ban(doing)sth.禁止(做)某事ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事a ban on/against sth.对的禁令【即学活用】语法填空。(1)The government banned the magazines from _(publish)the pictures.(2)Britains health experts are pushing for a ban _ all cigarette advertising.(3)The gover

22、nment banned their _(gather)in the park while COVID-19 was still a serious problem.publishingon/againstgathering2.alert v.提醒;使(某人)意识到 adj.警惕的;警觉的;机警的 n.警报,警戒;警戒期间;警戒状态*By imagining a world without birds,she aimed to alert not only the scientific community but also the general public to the damaging

23、effects of human activity on natural ecosystemsin particular,to the harmful use of pesticides,such as DDT.通过想象一个没有鸟类的世界,她旨在不仅提醒科学界,而且提醒广大公众注意人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响,特别是DDT等杀虫剂的有害使用。*The villagers alerted the traveller to the wolves which might come out in the night.村民们提醒旅行者注意夜间可能出现的狼。*Police warned the pu

24、blic to be on the alert for suspected terrorists.警方警告群众警惕涉嫌的恐怖分子。*She was alert to seizing an opportunity.她机敏地抓住一个机遇。【语块积累】be alert to 对警惕的;警觉的;机警的on the alert 警戒着,防备着alert sb.to sth.提醒某人注意某事【即学活用】语法填空。(1)He had phoned the nearby villages,alerting them _ the possibility of forest fires.(2)The signal

25、 alerted coastal residents _(prepare)for the hurricane.(3)They were constantly _ the alert not to be taken by surprise.toonto prepare3.dozen number.一打;许多*The book also gives dozens of others examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to s

26、olve.这本书还列举了几十个其他的根除计划的例子,这些计划并没有减少它们最初设计要解决的问题。*Shortly after the accident,two dozen police were sent to the spot to keep order.事故发生后不久,有二十四个警察被派往现场维持秩序。*His works are published in dozens of newspapers and magazines at home and abroad.他的作品发表于国内外几十家报纸和杂志。*They talked nineteen to the dozen about all

27、they had done in that time.他们喋喋不休地谈着那段时间里他们所做过的一切。【语块积累】dozens of 很多talk nineteen to the dozen喋喋不休【名师点津】dozen知多少?(1)与具体数字连用时,不加复数词尾s;若后接名词,通常也无需用介词of。如:He bought three dozen bottles of wine.他买了36瓶酒。(2)dozen可用作量词,a dozen of修饰名词时of可省略,但dozens of中的of不能省去。【即学活用】语法填空。(1)My wife talks nineteen _ the dozen

28、 and I hardly ever get a chance to speak.(2)Dozens _ people were trapped in the rubble when the building collapsed.(3)He gave me a dozen of _(rose)for my birthday.toofroses4.deserve v.应受(报答或惩罚);值得*Her book not only changed the world;half a century later it remains a book that deserves to be reread t

29、oday,so that we can once again feel ourselves warm to the fire of its passionate message.她的书不仅改变了世界;半个世纪后,它仍然是一本值得今天重读的书,所以我们能再次感受到它热情的信息之火给我们带来的温暖。*Since he had broken the rule,he deserved punishing/to be punished/punishment.因为他违背了规定,他应受惩罚。*He has worked very hard and deserves to pass the exam.他学习很

30、努力,应该能通过考试。【语块积累】deserve to do.应该/应受deserve to be done=deserve doing=deserve+相应名词应该/值得【名师点津】微观deservedeserve后接动名词时,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。有此类用法的词还有表示“需要”的need,want,require等。【即学活用】语法填空。(1)He deserves _(lock)up for ever for what he did.(2)These people deserve _(make)more than the minimum wage.t

31、o be locked/lockingto make5.wake up to 认识到,意识到*For unless we do listen to Rachel Carson warning,one day we may wake up to the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring.因为除非我们真的听从蕾切尔卡逊的警告,否则总有一天,我们会感受到另一个寂静的春天所带来的奇怪而又安静的恐怖。*These rich kids should wake up and see the problems they have on thei

32、r hands.这些富家子弟该清醒过来了,也该看到他们自己面临的问题。*Its time you woke up to the fact that its a tough world.是时候让你意识到这是一个艰难的世界了。*In the wake of developments in science and technology,man has become more capable of conquering nature.随着科学技术的发展,人们征服自然的能力也越来越强了。【语块积累】wake up 醒来;开始警觉,开始了解真相in the wake of sth.随后【即学活用】(1)A

33、irport security was extra tight _(随后)yesterdays bomb attacks.(2)He hasnt yet _(醒来)to the seriousness of the situation.(3)I _ at 3 a.m.I knew it was my little brothers practical joke again.凌晨三点钟,我忽然被闹钟惊醒,我知道这又是我的小弟弟的恶作剧。in the wake ofwoken upwas suddenly woken up by the alarm clock6.This is not so mu

34、ch because of the quality of her arguments,strong though they are,but because of the beauty and elegance of her writing.这与其说是因为她论点的质量,尽管论据很强,倒不如说是因为她的文笔优美典雅。【句式解构】本句中strong though they are是由though引导的倒装句,作表语的strong提到了句首。though引导的倒装句也可以是正常语序。其中的though也可以使用as,但是as引导的倒装句必须使用倒装语序。As/though引导让步状语从句倒装的用法(1

35、)名词+as/though+主语+动词(2)形容词+as/though+主语+动词(3)副词+as/though+主语+动词(4)动词原形+as/though+主语+动词*Search as/though they would,they would find nobody in the house.无论他们怎样搜查,他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。*Hard though/as they tried,they couldnt make her change her mind.尽管他们做了很大努力,他们却没法让她改变主意。*Beautiful though/as the necklace was

36、,we thought it was over-priced.那条项链虽然很漂亮,但我们认为价钱太高。*Child as/though he is,he always helps others.他虽然是个孩子,却经常帮助别人。【即学活用】(1)_,you cant finish reading the book in two days.虽然你读得迅速,你总不能在两天内就读完这本书。(2)_,you will gain no additional support.即使你改变主意,你也不会得到另外的支持。(3)_,I dont think he acted wisely.我虽然很佩服他的勇气,但我

37、认为他这样做是不明智的。(4)_,he is willing to help his parents with housework.虽然他是个孩子,但是他愿意帮助他的父母做家务活。Fast as/though you readChange your mind as you willMuch as I admire his courageChild as he is【要点拾遗】1.tremble v.颤抖;发抖*The few birds seen anywhere were moribund;they trembled violently and could not fly.随处能见到的几只鸟

38、都奄奄一息。它们猛烈地颤抖,却飞不起来。*His hands trembled with eagerness as he opened the letter.他拆信时因急切而双手发抖。*They went to the teacher in fear and trembling to tell her that theyd broken a window.他们战战兢兢地去告诉老师,他们打破了一扇窗户。*Im trembling at the thought of tomorrows examination.一想到明天的考试我就吓得发抖。【语块积累】tremble at the thought(

39、of sth./v.-ing)一想到就发抖tremble with sth.因而发抖;焦虑不安in fear and trembling 恐惧地;胆怯地【即学活用】语法填空。(1)He trembled _ the thought of going back to work.(2)Daddy was trembling _ anxiety as to how the talks would go.(3)The boy came _ fear and trembling to tell his father he had a bad report card.atwithin2.dawn n.黎明

40、,拂晓 v.破晓,出现;开始明白*On the mornings that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of robins,catbirds,doves,jays,wrens,and scores of other bird voices there was now no sound;only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh.曾经是响动着知更鸟、猫鹊、鸽子、松鸦、鹪鹩和其他许多鸟儿的黎明合唱声的清晨,如今却寂然无声;只有寂静笼罩着田野、树林和沼泽。*The answer dawne

41、d on me when I wasnt thinking about the answer.在我没考虑答案的时候,答案不知不觉地出来了。*At dawn,I rise and go to weed the field;shouldering the hoe,I walk home with the moon.晨兴理荒秽,带月荷锄归。*If you dont need to get up at the crack of dawn,turn off the alarm clock.如果你不需要破晓时分起床,那么就关掉闹钟。【语块积累】at dawn拂晓时the crack of dawn黎明;破

42、晓dawn on sb.逐渐(被人)知晓,明白It dawned on sb.that/wh-clasue逐渐(被人)知晓,明白【即学活用】(1)We _by the noise of seagulls as they pecked for their breakfast.我们在破晓时分被海鸥啄食早餐时发出的噪音吵醒。(2)I _that people were already out in the fields.天亮醒来时,我发现人们已经在田野里了。(3)_why he was so anxious to know when the accident took place.我突然意识到他为什

43、么急于知道事故是何时发生的。were woken at the crack of dawnwoke up at dawn to findIt suddenly dawned upon/on me3.defend vt.保护;保卫*Carson appeared in public and on television to defend her claimsand today,more than 50 years after it was published,the voice of Silent Spring is still ringing loud and clear.卡逊出现在公众场合和

44、电视上为自己的主张辩护今天,在寂静的春天出版50多年后,它的声音仍然响亮而清晰。*She spoke bravely in defence of freedom of speech.她勇敢地为言论自由辩护。*Their duty is to defend the country from/against the enemy.他们的职责是保卫国家不受敌人侵犯。【语块积累】defend against 保卫以免受defencen.防御;保卫in defence(of.)为了保卫()【即学活用】语法填空。(1)When the dog attacked me,I defended _(I)with

45、a stick.(2)What points can be raised _ defence of this argument?(3)She said that she didnt want a lawyer and was going to conduct her own _(defend).(4)All our officers are trained to defend themselves _ knife attacks.myselfindefenceagainst4.accessible adj.易受影响的,易接近的,可进入的*Personally,I enjoy Carsons b

46、ook.She made a crucial but potentially difficult-to-understand subject interesting and accessible to millions of people.就我个人而言,我喜欢卡逊的书。她使一个重要但可能难以理解的主题有趣并让数以百万计的人接受它。*These documents are still not accessible to the public at present.公众现在还无法接触到这些文件。*In some cases,you may not have access to sensitive

47、business data.在某些情况下,您可能无法访问敏感的业务数据。【语块积累】be accessible to可接近的;可进入的;可使用的have access to 有权利/机会进入,使用【即学活用】(1)He has made some attempts to make opera accessible _ a wider public.(2)The problem with some of these drugs is that they are so very _(access).(3)These countries are also likely to have fewer r

48、esources,and _.这些国家也可能拥有较为有限的资源,并可能无法获取所需的技术。toaccessiblemay not haveaccess to the needed technologies5.stand by 坚持,遵守;支持;袖手旁观*These were attempts to damage Carsons reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy,but she remained determined to stand by her research.这些都是试图损害卡逊的声誉,阻止她影响公共政

49、策,但她仍然决定坚持她的研究。*My teacher is a man who stands by his promises.我的老师是一位信守诺言的人。*He is a tall,distinguished-looking man who stands out in any crowd.他高高的身材,堂堂的仪表,在任何场合都显得格外突出。*Dont be afraid of difficulties;stand up to them with confidence and youll succeed.不要害怕困难,要有信心,克服困难,你就会成功。*Its even easier to fol

50、low if we know what all of those stand for.如果我们知道那些代表的是什么,它就更容易理解了。【语块积累】stand out 坚持;引人注目,脱颖而出stand up to 抵抗,勇敢地面对stand for 代表;主张;象征;容忍【即学活用】用stand短语填空。(1)One who _ you in times of trouble is your true friend.(2)We had lots of good applicants for the job,but one _ from the rest.(3)Why dont you _ yo

51、ur boss when you know youre right?(4)I cant believe that you can _ these naughty children.stands bystood outstand up tostand for课时检测素养达标.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词1.Shes been _(禁止)from leaving Greece while the charges are still looked into.2.When he came out of the water,he was _(发抖)with cold.3._(提醒)by a nois

52、e downstairs,he sat up and turned on the light.4.Could you get me half a _(一打)eggs when you go to the shop?5.They did a _(仔细的)search of the area but found nothing.6.We were just talking about her when,at that _(精确的)moment,she walked in.bannedtremblingAlerteddozenthoroughprecise7.The young woman star

53、ted the _(发起)of the program,aiming to help the girl in mental trouble.8.He earned himself a _(名誉)of a bookworm because he was crazy about reading.9.It was her natural _(优美)that struck me,and I fell in love with her at first sight.10.As a _(具有强烈信念的)supporter of womens rights,she seized any chance to

54、spread her idea.launchreputationelegancepassionate.选词填空by profession,alert.to.,cause harm to,urge.to.,make.aware of,dozens of,be designed to,regard.as,be determined to,stand by1.The boss _ staff _ the crisis the company facing during the epidemic period.2.The outbreak of COVID-19 in spring _ people

55、_the importance of work.3.The newly developed App _ help those who have poor eyesight.alertedtomadeaware ofis designed to4.The decision has been made and I have got to _ it.5._ solve your problems,or life will knock you down with a huge wave.6.Even though computer screens dont give off radiation,sta

56、ring over long periods of time can _ your eyesight.7._ doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks at this hospital.8.The students _ behave themselves while visiting the museum.9.A famous writer and thinker,he was an engineer _.10.The virus _ the most difficult to deal with at prese

57、nt.stand byBe determined tocause harm toDozens ofare urged toby professionis regarded as.结合课文主题,使用本单元词汇与句型,根据提示写一篇50词左右的短文1.曾经,后院是各种鸟类如知更鸟(robin)、猫鹊(catbird)、鸽子(dove)和松鸦(jay)玩耍和生活的地方。2.每天早晨,你都能听到它们的合唱(chorus),这意味着那里充满了生机(throb)。但DDT的广泛使用对野生动物种群造成了极大的危害(cause harm to),使鸟类沉默。3.1962年,蕾切尔卡逊的寂静的春天出版。这是第一

58、本提醒(alert)人们注意人类对自然的影响的书籍。4.因为她对自己的主张充满激情(passionate),她的工作最终使得禁用(ban)杀虫剂中的DDT。_【参考范文】Once the backyard is where various birds such as robins,catbirds,doves and jays are playing and living.Every morning,you can hear a chorus of their songs,which means it is throbbed with living creatures.But the wide

59、 use of DDT caused great harm to wildlife populations,making the birds silent.In 1962,Rachel Carsons Silent Spring was published.It was the first book to alert people to the impact the mankind was having on nature.Because of her passionate belief about her claims,her work eventually led to the banni

60、ng of DDT from pesticides.课时素养评价十八 Unit 6Developing ideas【语用训练】.单句语法填空1.The service at the grand hotel failed to live up to its _(reputable).2.Peter is _(passion)involved in environmental issues.3.He is admired for the _(elegant)of his writing.4.The truth may one day dawn _ you,and you will realize

61、the mistake you have made.5.Dislike him _ we may,we must acknowledge his greatness.6.Only then did the other men wake up _ his presence.reputationpassionatelyeleganceupon/onas/thoughto7.More and more people are _ the alert for the outbreak of COVID-19 again.8.The question about why so many people ar

62、e depressed deserves _(consider).9.How can you stand _ and let him treat his dog like that?10.Ive spoken to him dozens _ times,but I still dont know his name.onto beconsidered/considering/considerationbyof.完成句子1._ although grandma was an illiterate rural woman,she had a strength that pulled the whol

63、e family through the most difficult years.我渐渐明白,虽然姥姥是个文盲的农村妇女,但她有一股力量,带领全家人度过了最艰难的岁月。2._,I was so in love with her that I believed her.尽管听起来很愚蠢,我是如此爱她竟然相信了她。It gradually dawned on me thatStupid as/though it sounds3._ that the emerging global network of computers is going to shape the future of the w

64、orld.整个社会要意识到这样一个事实:新兴的全球计算机网络将塑造世界的未来。4.The children waited outside the school,_.孩子们在学校外面等着,冻得发抖。5._,you wont win the trust from others.如果你不能信守诺言,就不会赢得别人的信任。The whole society should wake up to the facttrembling with coldIf you cannot stand by your promise【主题阅读】.阅读理解ARachel Carson,a well-known natur

65、e author in America,was happiest writing about the strength and stability of natural systems.Her books mainly described the inter connectedness of nature and all living things.Completing Silent Spring took Carson four years.First published in TheNew Yorker in June 1962,the book alarmed readers acros

66、s America.It described how DDT entered the food chain and accumulated(堆积)in the fatty tissues of animals,including human beings,and caused cancer and genetic damage.Carson begins by describing exactly these effects in the first chapter,creating strong images and drawing the readers in.As the book co

67、ntinues,she gives various examples of how insecticides(杀虫剂)are not only unsuccessful,but actually very costly and damaging.She also explains about the biological controls which are less expensive and much more efficient.A single application on a crop,she wrote,killed insects for weeks and months,and

68、 not only the targeted insects but countless more,and remained poisonous in the environment even after it was washed out by rainwater.Carson concluded that DDT and other pesticides had definitely harmed birds and animals and had destroyed the entire worlds food supply.The books most famous chapter,A

69、 Fable for Tomorrow,described a nameless American town where all lifefrom fish to birds to apple blossoms to human childrenhad been“silenced”by the harmful effects of DDT.The most important effect of Silent Spring,though,was a new public awareness that nature was so easily destroyed by human interve

70、ntion(干预).Rachel Carson had made a brave proposal:that,at times,technological progress is so basically at odds with(与不一致)natural processes that it must be prevented.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了寂静的春天这本书的大体内容,涉及有关人类和自然之间的内在关系。1.What are Rachel Carsons books mainly concerned about?A.The relationship between man

71、and nature.B.The balance of natural systems.C.The interconnection of nature and living things.D.The pollution of the environment.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Her books mainly described the inter connectedness of nature and all living things.”可知,答案应该选C。2.According to the text,Silent Spring _.A.didnt draw the r

72、eaders attention when first publishedB.mainly describes peoples quiet lives in an American townC.effectively tells people how to keep the balance of natureD.showed the harmful effects of DDT on nature【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段“It described how DDT entered the food chain and accumulated in the fatty tissues

73、of animals,including human beings,and caused cancer and genetic damage.”可知DDT对自然带来的有害的方面。故选D。3.Rachel Carson thinks that the more efficient way to kill insects is to use _.A.DDTB.human controlsC.biological controls D.technical progress【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段“She also explains about the biological control

74、s which are less expensive and much more efficient.”可知答案选C。4.The publication of Silent Spring makes people _.A.understand the authors outstanding writing talentB.realize the importance of technical progressC.aware of the necessity of environmental protectionD.rethink the harmful effects of developin

75、g industry【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章末段提到“The most important effect of Silent Spring.destroyed by human intervention.”由此可见,Silent Spring使人们意识到环保的必要性。故选C。BScientists say only enlarging the worlds nature reserve to help protect plants and animals may be useless.The main reason is that levels of human activity are

76、 rising in and around the nature reserves.In fact,recognizing spaces as protected areas is not reducing human activity there.The researchers found that a lack of money to pay for land conservation(保护)is affecting conservation efforts.And it is a lack of communication between people who live in prote

77、cted natural areas and outsiders.About 17 percent of the world is within protected areas,including the national parks,nature reserves and wilderness areas.Protected areas are important forsupporting environments with many different kinds of plants and animals.The researchers again found increasing h

78、uman activity in most protected areas in every country.However,they said that human activity appeared to be more of a problem in nations with fewer roads and lower life standards on the Human Development Index(指数).The index uses information about life length,education and earnings to grade countries

79、 on human development.Across the northern Australia,protected areas often proved effective at slowing human activity when compared with unprotected areas.But in South America,Southeast Asia and African countries,pressure from human activity inside protected areas was higher.Experts say governments n

80、eed to provide fund support to help protected areas.Simply recognizing a place as a protected area cant be the beginning and the end of a conservation effort.Working with local people to take efforts is also important.If theyre not partners in the protected areas,then wildlife conservation is much m

81、ore difficult.【文章大意】本文是议论文。作者提出了“只扩大世界自然保护区以帮助保护植物和动物可能毫无用处”的观点,政府还应该有足够的资金支持,需要当地人的共同参与,才能真正使保护区发挥作用。5.What are protected areas mainly affected by according to the text?A.Human activity.B.Climate change.C.Population growth.D.Environmental pollution.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中“The main reason is that levels

82、 of human activity.reducing human activity there”可知,保护区最主要的是受到人类活动的影响。故选A项。6.Whats the Human Development Index used to do?A.Record more roads in the world.B.Improve education in all countries.C.Grade countries on human development.D.Lead more people to make money.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中“The index uses i

83、nformation about life length,education and earnings to grade countries on human development.”可知,the Human Development Index是用来根据有关人的寿命、教育和收入的信息对各国人类发展水平进行分级的。故选C项。7.What do experts advise governments to do for protected areas?A.Enlarge protected areas.B.Offer extra money and work with locals.C.Attra

84、ct more people to travel there.D.Allow local people to farm there.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第五段“Experts say governments need to provide fund support to help protected areas.”和“Working with local people to take efforts is also important.”可知,专家建议政府要提供资金支持,要与当地人民一起努力才能保护野生生物。故选B项。8.What can be the best title for

85、the text?A.People May Cause Harm to Plants and AnimalsB.Local People Should Focus on the Natural EnvironmentC.Nature Reserves in the World Should Be IncreasedD.Nature Reserves May Not Protect Wildlife Safely【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章第一段提出观点:Scientists say only enlarging the worlds nature reserve to help protec

86、t plants and animals may be useless;接着文章给出了相关的论据:人类活动在自然保护区中增加,保护资金缺乏;还列举了the northern Australia,South America,Southeast Asia 和African countries这些具体国家和地区的实例来论证上面的观点,所以这篇文章的开头就是文章的主旨。文章标题应该为“自然保护区不能安全地保护野生生物”。故选D项。【方法技巧】阅读理解文章标题类的解题技巧寻找主题句 要归纳文章的标题,关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段,但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落,或者分散在文章的

87、各个段落中。如果每段都有主题句,那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来,即为全文的大意。如本篇文章的主题句就是文章第一句Scientists say only enlarging the worlds nature reserve to help protect plants and animals may be useless;然后每一段提出支撑的论据:第二段论据是a lack of money to pay for land conservation is affecting conservation efforts,第三、四段的论据是The researchers again found

88、 increasing human activity in most protected areas,第五段是专家的建议governments need to provide fund support to help protected areas 和Working with local people to take efforts is also important。从每一段的论据可以看出,文章标题应该为“自然保护区不能安全地保护野生生物”。.阅读填句Nature is the best laboratory for learning about nature.For ten years,e

89、very student at Wordsworth Middle School has been looking forward to his or her turn to attend a three-day science camp.1Science camp is important to the students,and we must raise the money necessary to save it.Without science camp,students will miss out on a unique learning experience.In science c

90、lass,they learn to identify rocks by picking them up out of a box.2Science camp also lets students experiment with different forms of energy.For example,students get to build miniature(微型的)steam engines that are powered by campfires.They also make solar panels that heat camp water.These experiences

91、would be tough to create in a classroom.Science camp is for everybody,and it wont be saved unless everybody helps raise money for it.To get started,Principal Jeffries and the student council could set up a“Science Camp Fund(资金)”at a local bank.Every year,science camp costs$3,000.3Some people say its

92、 too much work to save science camp,but the fact is that if we all help out,we can reach our goal easily.4For example,we could hold a talent auction(拍卖).By washing cars,babysitting,or using other talents,students can meet the goal.We could also hold a bake sale.Students could even ask local business

93、es to sponsor them.5If we all work together,well easily raise the money to save it.A.Students can raise money in many ways.B.Now it might be canceled because of budget cuts.C.They investigate the world through hands-on science.D.Science camp is perfect for creative and curious ones.E.Science camp is

94、 a great tradition that deserves to be saved.F.That sounds expensive,but if every student raises just$10,the fund would be filled.G.At science camp,they learn to identify rocks by finding them in mountain sides or river beds.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然科学营的重要性以及号召学生集资保护它。1.【解析】选 B。根据空格前一句句意:十年来,华兹华斯中学的每个学生

95、一直很期望轮到自己去参加为期3天的自然科学营。选项B中的it与上句中的a three-day science camp形成指代关系。并且选项B与下句句意吻合,其中的canceled与下句中的save形成反义呼应。故选B。2.【解析】选G。空格上一句句意:在科学课上,他们通过从箱子里挑选出石头来学习辨别石头。选项G与上句形成对比,体现了这段中心句“Without science camp,students will miss out on a unique learning experience.”并且选项G的句式与上句句式一致。故选G。3.【解析】选F。空格前一句句意:每年,自然科学营花费30

96、00美元。选项F与上句句意逻辑一致,并且选项F中的that可以指代上句中提到的$3,000。故选F。4.【解析】选A。空格后的词为For example,可知,后边的句子是证明空格处的中心句的。例如,我们可以拍卖。通过洗车、看孩子、或者用其他才能,学生能达到这个目标。我们还可以举行烤饼义卖。这些都是集资的方式,由此可知选项A与空格后的句子逻辑一致。故选A。5.【解析】选E。空格后一句句意:如果我们一起努力,我们将很容易凑够保护它的钱。选项E中的deserves to be saved与下句中的save呼应。故选E。【方法技巧】阅读填句题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文,不仅在

97、内容上要前后一致,而且还要语篇结构清晰,上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为:文章是总分结构,还是按时间或空间顺序发展的,还是按辩证三段论编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的是可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现。例如本文中第1题、第3题都可以通过上下句之间代词的指代关系解题;第2题可以通过句式一致性解题;第4题通过例子证明中心句的逻辑解题;第5题通过上下句关键词呼应解题。话题写作素养升级如何写关于自然的诗歌【范例点评】Spring SingsSpring sings,Its gentle breeze Butterflies of Glazing

98、wings Birds cheerfully sing their Lighthearted songs As they soar across the meadow Of elegant flowers Delivering the message that spring is near The flowers danced of such joy The silent dance Moved the lake The water was sparkling For the flowers danced gracefully Across it Spring sings its gentle

99、 song【布局】【文体解读】1.话题特点 写关于自然的诗歌,体裁属于诗歌。题材的内容广泛,没有一定的限制,可以涉及大自然的所有内容,比如海洋、高山、雨林、湖泊、大地、森林、天空以及鸟类和动物等。因此,几乎任何事物都可以成为自然诗歌的主题。2.话题词汇grass 草地 flower花朵animal动物river 河流lake 湖泊stream 河;溪forest 森林path 小道rain 雨cloud云sun 太阳mountain山sky 天空rainbow彩虹wind 风plants植物valley 山谷sea 大海;海洋season季节scenery景色;风景3.话题句式Sea wave

100、s are green and wet,But up from where they die,Rise others vaster yet,And those are brown and dry.海浪是绿色的潮湿的,但从它们平息的处所,依然卷着更大的浪涛,而且是褐色的干燥的。Living in a house towards the sea,with spring blossoms.我有一所房子,面朝大海,春暖花开。The trumpet of a prophecy!O Wind,If Winter comes,can Spring be far behind?去唤醒沉睡的大地吧!西风啊,如果

101、冬天来了,春天还会远吗?Though the morning was cold,Tom was happy warm;So if all do their duty,they need not fear harm.晨风虽冷,汤姆自感心欢温暖;如果所有人都恪尽职守,就不怕灾难。Faithfulness lies here:I love not only your gigantic stature,But also the position you uphold,And the earth on which you stand.坚贞就在这里:不仅爱你伟岸的身躯,也爱你坚持的位置,脚下的土地。As

102、you pass by the tree,without noticing me,My friend,Upon the ground behind you,Is not the fallen petals,But my withered heart.而当你无视地走过,在你身后落了一地的,朋友啊,那不是花瓣,那是我凋零的心。Sun of the sleepless!melancholy star!Whose tearful beam glows tremulously far,That showst the darkness thou canst not dispel,How like art

103、thou to joy rememberd well!嗬,失眠人的太阳!忧郁的星!有如泪珠,你射来抖颤的光明,只不过显现你逐不开的幽暗,你多么像欢乐追忆在心坎!Oh,your Joyous flames,Oh,your trembling flames,Listen!From what profound corner,Comes this song that hymns your praise like a waterfall.欢笑的火焰啊,颤动的火焰啊,听呀!从什么深邃的角落,传来了那赞颂你的瀑布似的歌声。Down by the salley gardens my love and I di

104、d meet;She passed the salleygardens with little snow-white feet.我与她赴幽会来到莎莉花园,她穿过莎莉花园,赤裸的纤足雪白。The Summer lapsed away,Too imperceptible at last.The Dusk drew earlier in,The Morning foreign shone。不知不觉地,有如忧伤,夏日竟然消逝了黄昏比往日来得更早,清晨的光彩已陌生。【迁移训练】结合你所学的诗歌知识,写一首关于“赏雨”的英文诗歌。1.诗歌类型不限;2.字数不限。【遣词】1._ 非常愉快的;令人快乐的2._

105、猛击;敲打3._ 浸泡,浸渍4._ 汹涌的;猛烈的5._ 窗玻璃,方格,方框6._ 优美的7._ 等待8._ 地平线9._ 偷窥10._ 告别gloriouspoundsoaktorrentialpanegracefulawaithorizonpeekbid【造句】1.完成句子雨,愉快的,砰砰的,淋湿的雨,我多么喜欢听你的歌!Rain,glorious,pounding,soaking rain,_!How I love to hear your song在你的倾盆大雨中淹没我的世界,我坐在这里,凝视着你在我窗台上狂舞的舞步,迷失在你优美的动作中。I _in your torrential d

106、ownpour,I sit here and consider your frenzy dance moves upon my window panes.And _.当黎明在地平线上等待时,你在黑夜中翩翩起舞。The dawn _.You dance through the night.drown my worldI lost in your graceful movementsawaits in the horizon你挥舞着最后的舞步,太阳透过云层窥视着,“走开”,它嚷道,“因为现在是我用光洗刷世界的时候了。”You walk your last moves and _,“Move on,

107、”it cries,“For _.”你的最后一滴水告别整个世界,“再见。”And your last drops _,“Goodbye.”the sun peeks through the cloudsit is my time to wash the world with lightbid the world2.句式升级 用现在分词短语和过去分词短语改写第句。_,I sit here and consider your frenzy dance moves upon my window panes.Lost I am in your graceful movements.用as引导时间状语从

108、句改写第句You dance through the night _.Drowning my world in your torrential downpouras the dawn awaits in the horizon【成篇】Watching the RainRain,glorious,pounding,soaking rain,How I love to hear your song!Drowning my world in your torrential downpour,I sit here and consider your frenzy dance moves upon my

109、 window panes.Lost I am in your graceful movements.You dance through the night as the dawn awaits in the horizon.You walk your last moves and the sun peeks through the clouds,“Move on,”it cries,“For it is my time to wash the world with light.”And your last drops bid the world,“Goodbye.”主题活动素养提升The t

110、opic:Should all pesticides be banned?Pros Cons A program of chemical spraying to kill sage in the American west effectively eradicated the sage,but it also destroyed a delicately balanced eco-system.Without the sage,sheep went hungry in winter and grouse and antelope were harmed.In addition,the spra

111、ys hit plants and grasses that were not intended targets.I think that it would be impossible.Because of how our country has developed,we have become inseparably reliant upon pesticides for our crops,no matter the methods of farming.You either run the risk of losing crops because of bugs,which hurts

112、your yield and the money you earn from your crops.Pros Cons Everything from the bug spray under your kitchen sink to the crop duster flying over your house is loaded with toxins.Pesticides in our air,our food and our water threaten to rob us of our health.Pesticides are dangerous,yes,but they are on

113、e of our effective weapons against pests and diseases.Pesticides are not the only way to control pests and diseases,but it would be an agriculture calamity if all pesticides were to be banned.It is good to know we have backup should there ever be uncontrollable epidemic in farms.Pros Cons Pesticides

114、 are designed to kill,and despite what the government agencies and manufacturers tell you,the pesticides on the market today are not safe,even when they are used legally.Most pesticides are pretty well regulated,and every reasonable precaution is taken on safety.Both in the safety of the chemical,bu

115、t also in its use,as well as making sure that our food is as residue free as possible.Overall responsible pesticides use is a good thing with many benefits,especially in a world where we must keep increasing food production.Pros Cons Most of the pesticides on the market today have not been tested fo

116、r long-term safety.We are also kept in the dark about the toxic ingredients contained in these products,so we dont even know what to look for.We are doing what we can to keep their usage safe for people,livestock and the environment,although errors do occur.Your opinion:_The reason:_I believe that a

117、ll pesticides cant be banned.Though it is known to all that pesticides are dangerous and havecaused great harm to wildlife and humans,I think instead of doing either ofthese options,they should find a way to change pesticides so theyre not asstrong where they hurt other animals,but they also dont po

118、llute your food,yet,dont hurt the farmers because of how weak they are._ _The answer to our weed and pest problems lies in the adoption of anon-toxic,sustainable system of agriculture that supports organic farmingpractices and protects our health and the health of our planet.We need tosupport better

119、 testing procedures at both the state and federal levels,especiallywith those substances that are known to pose a health risk.We must use the pesticides sparingly:only when needed,in the rightamounts,and in the right time.名作赏读素养培优【导语】本文节选自爱默生的论自然。拉尔夫沃尔多爱默生(Ralph Waldo Emerson,1803年5月25日-1882年4月27日),

120、生于波士顿。美国思想家、文学家、诗人。爱默生是确立美国文化精神的代表人物,是新英格兰超验主义最杰出的代言人。美国前总统林肯称他为“美国的孔子”“美国文明之父”。代表作品论自然、美国学者。其中论自然被认为是新英格兰超验主义的圣经,而美国学者被誉为“美国思想文化领域的独立宣言”。Nature(excerpt)To speak truly,few adult persons can see nature.Most persons do not see the sun.At least they have a very superficial seeing.The sun illuminates on

121、ly the eye of the man,but shines into the eye and the heart of the child.The lover of nature is he whose inward and outward senses are still truly adjusted to each other;who has retained the spirit of infancy even into the era of manhood.His intercourse with heaven and earth,becomes part of his dail

122、y food.In the presence of nature,a wild delight runs through the man,in spite of real sorrows.Nature says,he is my creature,and maugre all his impertinentgriefs,he shall be glad with me.Not the sun or the summer alone,but every hour and season yields its tribute of delight;for every hour and change

123、corresponds to and authorizes a different state of the mind,from breathless noon to grimmest midnight.Nature is a setting that fits equally well a comic or a mourning piece.In good health,the air is a cordial of incredible virtue.Crossing a bare common,in snow puddles,at twilight,under a clouded sky

124、,without having in my thoughts any occurrence of special good fortune,I have enjoyed a perfect exhilaration.I am glad to the brink of fear.In the woods too,a man casts off his years,as the snake his slough,and at what period soever of life,is always a child.In the woods,is perpetual youth.Within the

125、se plantations of God,a decorum and sanctity reign,a perennial festival is dressed,and the guest sees not how he should tire of them in a thousand years.In the woods,we return to reason and faith.There I feel that nothing can befall me in life,no disgrace,no calamity,(leaving me my eyes,)which natur

126、e cannot repair.Standing on the bare ground,my head bathed by the blithe air,and uplifted into infinite space,all mean egotism vanishes.I become a transparent eye ball;I am nothing;I see all;the currents of the UniversalBeing circulate through me;I am part or particle of God.The name of the nearest

127、friend sounds then foreign and accidental:to be brothers,to be acquaintances,master or servant,is then a trifle and a disturbance.I am the lover of uncontained and immortal beauty.In the wilderness,I find something more dear and connate than in streets or villages.In the tranquil landscape,and espec

128、ially in the distant line of the horizon,man beholds somewhat as beautiful as his own nature.素养小测初步感知1.What does the sun mean to the children?_2.What does the change of seasons reflect?_理性判断3.What does the writer feel standing in the wildness?_思维拓展4.What can we infer from the text?_It shines into not only their eyes but hearts.The different mood of people.Nothing except the beauty of nature matters.The writer is a passionate lover of nature.