Unit 4 Grammar 讲义-2021-2022学年高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册.docx

1、译林版必修第一册Unit4单元语法-关系副词引导的限制性定语从句语法精析当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where，when，why等。1关系副词wherewhere引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot等)，关系副词在从句中作地点状语。常用in which，at which，on which等代替。They are playing in the park where(in which) there are some flowers.他们正在有花的公园里玩耍。The office where(at w

2、hich) the girl works is not far from here.这个女孩工作的办公室离这儿不远。温馨提示有一些先行词，如point，stage，position，case，condition等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需要接where引导的定语从句。You reach a point in your project where you just want to get the thing finished.从事任何项目你都会进入一种境界：一心想完成它。We reached a stage where we had to answer violence wi

3、th violence.我们陷入了必须用暴力来对抗暴力的境地。where引导定语从句和状语从句的区别：引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前有表示地点的名词作先行词，从句修饰先行词；引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的名词。Hes got into a situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.(定语从句)他陷入了一种很可能会失去对飞机的控制的境地。When you read the book，youd better make a mark

4、 where you have questions.(状语从句)读这本书的时候，你最好在有疑问的地方做一下标记。2关系副词whenwhen引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词在从句中作时间状语。常用on which，in which，at which，during which等代替。There used to be a time when(during which) I hated going to school.我有一段时间不愿意去上学。Ill never forget the day when(on which) I

5、left for college with my father.我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。3关系副词whywhy引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词在从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。Can you explain the reason why(for which) you dont help him?你能解释一下为什么不帮助他的理由吗？Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？温馨提示表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，

6、定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语)I dont know the reas

7、on why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语)I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why)第I卷（选择题）一、单项选择1After Lisa came back from her trip, she kept talking to me about the people and the things_

8、are so different from those in our hometown:AwhoBthatCwhichDwhom2Popular in China is the crosstalk show, _ a pair of comedians make the audience laugh with word play.AwhichBwhenCwhereDthat3Students should not only focus on academic study but also involve themselves in community activities, _ they ca

9、n gain experience for growth.AwhoBwhenCwhichDwhere4Please send us all the information _you have about the Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping, for we are quite interested in her path to success.AthatBwhichCasDwhat5We are all teenagers _ love walking and making new friends.AwhoBwhoseCwhichDwhere6Lucy is a

10、smart girl _ ideas are always inspiring.AwhichBwhoCwhoseDthat7Im very grateful to my high school teachers, without _ devotion I wouldnt have been made such rapid progress.AwhichBwhoCwhoseDwhom8The factory_the students visited last week is the one_I have worked for 3 years.Athat; whichBwhen ; in whic

11、hC/;whereDwhich ;that9Victorian England was, however, a time _ women were not encouraged to become writers.AwhereBwhenCthatDwhich10Robinson was left on an isolated island, _ he stayed for as long as twenty-eight years.AwhereBwhichCthatDwhen11You have seen the girl _ sister is a Chinese teacher.Awhom

12、Bof whomCwhoseDof which12We should do all _ is useful to people.A/BthatCitDwhich13This is the question _ we are talking about now.AthatBwhoCwhereDwhen14I like writers _ write short stories.AwhichBwhatCwhomDwho15We hope the measures to control house prices, _ are taken by the government, will succeed

13、.AwhichBthatCwhatDthey16I dont like the way _ you talk to your mother.ABin thatCwhichDof which17My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.AwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhich18Many young people, most of _ were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.Awho

14、mBwhichCwhoDthat19This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.Ain whichBwith whichCthatDfor which20I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.AthatBwhichCasDit21Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it.Awho;/B/; whomCwhom;/D/; who22Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou

15、is famous in the world.Afor whichBfor thatCin whichDwhat23There are 400 workers in the factory, most of _ are women.AwhoBwhomCthemDwhose24Help is greatly needed for families _ homes were destroyed in the bombing.AwhichBwhereCof whomDwhose25Opposite is a park, _you can hear some lovely music.AwhereBw

16、henCthatDwhich26This dictionary, a few pages _ are missing, is of little use.Aof whomBof whichCat whomDat which27Martin has been out of work for several months, _ makes his wife very upset.AwhichBthatCwhatDwho28As you go through this book, you_that each of the millions of people_lived through World

17、War II had a different experience.Awill be finding ; whoBwill find; whichCwill find; whoDwill be finding; which29The car _ my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.AwhoBwhatCwhoseDwhich30_ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.AItBAsCThatDW

18、hat31 Where did you pick up this wallet? It was in the supermarket _ I did some shopping yesterday.AthatBwhereCwhichDas32This is the school _ he once studied and it is one of the best schools _ I have ever visited.Awhere, thatBwhere, whichCthat, whereDwhich, that33Seldom are the superstitious practi

19、ces recorded _ present practical theories _ modern psychology relates.Awhich, to whichBthat, whichCwhat, to whichD/,/34I headed for the barbers _ I was allowed to photograph the master at work.AwhenBwhereCwhoDwhich第II卷（非选择题）请点击修改第II卷的文字说明二、完成句子35哈克是个可怜的白人男孩，他的父亲经常打他，而吉姆是个渴望自由的黑人奴隶。Huck is a poor whi

20、te boy _ father often beats him while Jim is a black slave _ longs to be free.36青少年轻微超重是正常的，没有理由为此焦虑。然而，如果超重到达到危险程度，新尝试以适当方式减重很重要。It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason _ they should be worried. However, for those _ are dangerously overweight, it is very importan

21、t that they try to lose weight properly.37教室前面有一个操场，刮风时扬尘，下雨时泥泞不堪。住在村子里也比他想象的更具有挑战性。In front of the classrooms, there was a playground _ got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. _ in the village was also more challenging than he had thought.38Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patient

22、s, _ _ _recovered.后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大部分受试患者都康复了。39I have many friends, _. (非限制性定语从句) 我有许多朋友，其中有些是专家。40From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments _ malaria.通过研究，他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。41_, Lu Xun was famous as a great thinker. 众所周知, 鲁迅作为一名伟

23、大的思想家而闻名。42They passed the house _ and doubled back in an alley.他们经过了计划见面的那座房子, 然后折回一条小巷。43_ in time was that he didnt feel well.他没有及时来的原因是他不舒服。44我们正为达到双方都能坐下来谈这一步而努力。Were trying to _ _ _ _ both sides will sit down and talk.45最富有生气而又最重要的节日,就是告别冬天，迎来春天的节日。The most _ and _ festivals are the ones _ loo

24、k forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.46Written Chinese has also become, an important means_ _ Chinas present_ _ _ _ its past.书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。47任何一项世界体育赛事，都有来自不同文化的人参加，都需要世界各国的团结与合作。（定语从句）Any world sports event, _ people from _ take part, needs solidarity and cooperation o

25、f all countries in the world.三、英译汉（整句）48商家可以预计，年销售额中的一大部分会来自于双十一，这也是一个在年底前清理过多库存的好机会。(stock) (汉译英)四、汉译英（整句）49那个地方所特有的风景给来自于世界各地的人们留下了深刻的印象，在各个网站上一直都有多种多样的评论出现，充满了人们对大自然创造的奇迹的仰慕之情，这就导致了这样一个现象：更多的游客前往这个神秘的目的地以使他们的好奇心得到满足以至于这个景点几乎每天都挤满了人。（with+O+C, there be；website，tourist；phenomenon；pack）（汉译英）50这位名校毕业

26、的求职者给面试官们留下了极好的第一印象，他们当场拍板录用。(Such) （汉译英）51将你自己融入一个与自己的文化不同的社会是很困难的。（It is + adj. to, integrate,定从）(汉译英）52年龄在25岁到45岁之间的教师可能有出国进修的机会。（range; likely）(汉译英）53在2003年，杨利伟乘坐“神舟五号”宇宙飞船成功环绕地球运行，中国成为世界上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家。（汉译英）54在教练的帮助下，他刻苦训练，严格自律，最终获得成功，这使队友们对他刮目相看。（end up）(汉译英)55请积极参加课外活动，这不仅可以使你的学校生活丰富多彩，而且还

27、可以促进你的学习。（汉译英）56他自幼接触中西文化，博览全书，这为他未来的写作生涯奠定了坚实的基础。(expose, which) (汉译英)57酗酒现象并不普遍，但仍然困扰着家长和老师。(which引导非限制性定语从句，phenomenon，alcohol，abuse，widespread，disturb) (汉译英)58众所周知，针灸可以追溯到几千年前。(as引导非限制性定语从句，acupuncture，date back to)(汉译英)59这件文物代表着西藏文明，这就是它出现在这本旅游手册上的原因。 (reason)60她被心理学系录取的那一天是值得纪念的。(admit, memora

28、ble)(汉译英）五、用单词的适当形式完成句子61Isaac Newton, _ was born the same year that Galileo died, is popularly known as one of the greatest scientists in history. （用适当的词填空）62The Voice of China has set up a stage _ some people can achieve their dreams. (用适当的词填空)63I dont like the way in _ he speaks to me.（用适当的词填空）64

29、The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, _ he remembers starting as early as his childhood. (用适当的词填空)65He got 145 in the math examination, _ made his parents very happy. （用适当的词填空）66_ we all know, the Ertan Dam is one of several dams in Panzhihua. （用适当的词填空）67We dont know the r

30、eason _ they didnt keep their promise. （用适当的词填空）68I will never forget the day_ I met the famous astronaut. （用适当的词填空）69They told me that they would never forget the days _ they spent with us in Panzhihua. （用适当的词填空）70Is this the house_ Premier Zhou Enlai once worked？（用适当的词填空）71There are sixty students

31、 in our class, all of _ are working hard.（用适当的词填空）72Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ price was very reasonable. （用适当的词填空）73Afternoon tea parties soon became popular social occasions, _ is a trend that continues today. （用适当的词填空）74While watching Titanic, most people couldnt help crying whe

32、n it came to the scene _Jack saves the life of the girl but dies in icy water himself.75Printing, _ is known to all, was invented in ancient China. (用适当的词填空)76It is no longer the place _it used to be. (用适当的词填空)77A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than t

33、hose _are not.(用适当的词填空)78Working in the company is the very chance _you can grasp during the summer holiday.(用适当的词填空)79Youll find taxis waiting at the station _you can hire to reach your host family.(用适当的词填空)80The research found that people _keep fit are more likely to have better memories and clear

34、er thinking.(用适当的词填空)81Id like to express my appreciation for the people to _I have turned.(用适当的词填空)82We chose to buy the house _window faces south.(用适当的词填空)83The reason _ such funny mistakes occurred is due to a blind trust in online automatic translation services. (用适当的词填空)84Do you know the lady _

35、 our English teacher is talking with under the big tree? （用适当的词填空）85Is this the teacher _ rescued several students from the burning building? （用适当的词填空）86The dishes _ I cooked were Moms favorites. （用适当的词填空）87I still remember the earthquake _ happened in 2019 in Yibin, Sichuan. （用适当的词填空）88This is the

36、very factory _ they visited last summer holiday. （用适当的词填空）89The police searched the house _ the thief had stayed. (用适当的词填空)90I still remember the moment _ I got the award. (用适当的词填空)91_ is known to us all , the influence of the brand is huge. (用适当的词填空)92_ Aristotle said, no one would choose _(live)wi

37、thout friends, even if he had all other goods93As _ (mention), peanuts are fit to grow in sand fields. (所给词的适当形式填空）94It was in the company _ I worked two years ago _ I met Mr Smith. (用适当的词填空)95The centre also runs two life drawing (写生) classes _ which there is a small fee. （用适当的词填空）96The shopkeeper,

38、 from _ the bread was stolen, refused to drop the charges. （用适当的词填空）97This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) _ which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. （用适当的词填空）98There is a sense _ which we are all to blame for the tragedy. (用适当的词填空)参考答案1B【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：丽萨旅行回来后

39、，就一直告诉我她看到的那些与家乡不同的人和事。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词“people and the things”既有人又有物，且关系词在句中作主语，只能用关系代词that。故选B。2C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国流行的是相声表演，一对喜剧演员通过文字游戏让观众发笑。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the crosstalk show，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故选C。3D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学生不仅应该关注学术学习，还应该参与社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 activities，在从句中做地点状

40、语，故选D。4A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：请把你们掌握的关于中国宇航员王亚平的所有信息发给我们，因为我们对她的成功之路很感兴趣。 此处为定语从句修饰先行词information，先行词在从句中作宾语，由all修饰，只能用that引导。故选A。5A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们都是喜欢散步和结交新朋友的青少年。分析句子可知，teenagers为先行词，作定语从句的主语，指人，关系代词为who。故选A项。6C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：露西是一个聪明的女孩，她的想法总是令人鼓舞。分析句子可知，a smart girl 为先行词，作定语从句的定语，表示“.的”。关系代词为whose。故选C项。7

41、C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我非常感激我的高中老师，没有他们的付出，我就不会有如此快的进步。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代词先行词teachers在从句中作名词devotion的定语，构成所属关系，应用关系代词whose。故填C。8C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学生们上周参观的工厂就是我工作了三年的工厂。 分析句子可知，包含两个限制性定语从句。第一个从句的先行词factory作从句中visited的宾语，用关系代词that/which或者可以省略；第二个从句的先行词the one作从句“_I have worked for 3 years”的地点状语，用关系副词where引导。

42、故选C项。9B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，英国维多利亚时期是这么一段时期，女性并不被鼓励成为作家。分析句子可知，空白前句成分完整，后句成分也完整，考虑定语从句，先行词为a time，应该作为后句的时间状语，要用关系副词when。故选B。10A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：罗宾逊被留在一个孤岛上，在那里他呆了长达28年之久。此处island是先行词，后面的非限制性定语从句缺少地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。11C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你已经见过那个姐姐是中文老师的女孩了。分析句子可知，空白前句成分完整，后句成分完整，考虑定语从句，先行词为the girl

43、，不难发现the girl与后句主语sister之间应该是从属关系，要用关系代词whose。故选C。12B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们应该做对人们有用的事情。当先行词为all，much，little，few等不定代词，或被不定代词修饰时，关系代词用that。本句空白处及之后内容为定语从句，先行词为that，结合选项可知，选项B符合题意。故选B。13A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我们现在正在讨论的问题。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the question，事物属性，要用关系代词which或that来引导。故选A。14D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢写短篇故事的作家们。分析句

44、子可知，空白前句成分完整，后句缺少主语，考虑定语从句，先行词为writers，人属性，要用关系代词who或that引导。故选D。15A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们希望政府所采取的控制房价的措施能够成功。分析句子结构可知，“_ are taken by the government”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为measures，指物，作从句的主语，用which指代。故选A项。16A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不喜欢你和你妈妈说话的方式。此处为定语从句修饰先行词the way，先行词在从句中作方式状语，可用that、in which或不填。故选A。17C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的大儿子

45、,他的工作使他周游世界，他此刻在纽约。句中先行词为My eldest son，在非限定性定语从句中作名词work的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选C。18A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往偏远地区追逐他们的梦想。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词young people，作介词的宾语，指人，在“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。故选A。19D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是他没有来开会的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是reason，指原因，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语，所以空处需用

46、关系副词why引导定语从句，why=for which。故选D。20C【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我买了电视广告上所宣传的那种手表。本句为such.as引导的定语从句，as指代先行词a watch ,作定语从句的主语。故选C项。21D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你是我见过的唯一能做到的人。第一空为定语从句修饰先行词person，先行词由the only修饰只能用that，且在从句中作宾语，可以省略不填，排除A、C选项；第二空为定语从句修饰先行词person，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，用who引导，不可省略。故选D。22A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年夏天我们参观了西湖，杭州因西湖而闻名于世

47、。分析可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，what不引导定语从句，因此排除D；观察选项可知，空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导定语从句，根据句意可知，杭州因西湖而闻名于世，be famous for为固定短语，意为“因.而闻名”，因此空格处是for which。故选A。23B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这家工厂有400名工人，其中大多数是女性。句中先行词为workers，指人，在非限定性定语从句中作most of的宾语，所以用关系代词whom引导。故选B。24D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：房屋在轰炸中被毁的家庭急需帮助。此处为定语从句修饰先行词families，先行词在从句中作定语，故用

48、关系代词whose引导。故选D。25A【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：对面是一个公园，在那里你可以听到一些动听的音乐。A. where哪里；B.when什么时间；C. that那；D.which哪一个，哪些。分词句子，Opposite is a park 为主句，该空需要填关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句对先行词park的情况补充说明，并指代先行词在从句中作状语，先行词为地点名词。故选A项。26B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这本字典少了几页，没什么用处。分析句子可知，“a few pages _ are missing”是非限制性定语从句中，修饰先行词This dictionary，关

49、系词将先行词代入定语，与从句中a few pages构成所属关系，表示“字典的几页”，即a few pages of this dictionary，由此可知，先行词在定语从句中作介词of后的宾语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故选B项。27A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：马丁已经失业好几个月了，这让他的妻子很沮丧。分析句子可知空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的主句内容并在从句中作主语，用which引导。故选A。28C【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。句意：当你读这本书的时候，你会发现，经历过二战的数百万人都有不同的经历。A.will be finding ; who B.will fin

50、d; which C.will find; who D.will be finding; which。其中 will be finding，将正在发现，will find将发现。由语意可知，从句一般现在时，主语一般将来时。定从先行词为people是人，所以需要who。故选C项。29D【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我叔叔刚买的汽车在地震中被毁了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是car，指物，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选D。30B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据报纸报道，两国之间的谈判正取得进展。分析句子结构可知，as引导非限定性定语

51、从句，主句是：talks between the two countries are making progress，也是as所指代的内容。该句子可以改为：It is reported in the newspaper that talks between the two countries are making progress.，其中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。也可以改为：What is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two countries are making progress.，其中wh

52、at引导主语从句：what is reported in the newspaper，并在从句中作主语，that引导表语从句，不作成分，只起引导作用。综上分析，此题为第一种情况。故选B。31B【详解】考查强调句和定语从句。句意：你从哪里捡到这个钱包的？在我昨天买东西的那个超市里。由问句可知，答语中应该包含“pick up this wallet”的信息，这说明答语进行了省略，即答语的完整形式应该为：It was in the supermarket that I picked up this wallet.这个句子中“It wasthat”为强调句型，被强调的为“in the supermar

53、ket”，它是回答where的。而“I did some shopping yesterday.”是用来修饰supermarket的，发挥定语从句的作用，从句中缺少地点状语，修饰先行词supermarket，因此使用关系副词where来引导定语从句。故选B。32A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是他曾经学习过的学校，也是我参观过的最好的学校之一。分析句子成分可知，前半句从句为限定性定语从句，先行词是school，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导；后半句从句为限定性定语从句，先行词是schools，在从句中作宾语，且先行词被最高级修饰，只能应用关系代词that引导。故选A。33A【详

54、解】考查定语从句。句意：表现了与现代心理学相关的实践理论的迷信活动很少被记录下来。分析句子结构可知，本句中使用了两处定语从句，第一个设空处的先行词为the superstitious practices指物，在从句中作主语，关系词用which，第二个设空处的先行词为practical theories指物在从句中作宾语，从句谓语relate to“与.相关”介词提到了，关系代词which的前边，故选择A项。34B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我向理发店走去，在那里我被允许拍摄大师工作的照片。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词the barbers，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故

55、选B。35whose who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。根据汉语，分析可知，设空1引导定语从句，修饰先行词boy，在从句中作定语，应用whose；设空2引导定语从句，修饰先行词slave，在从句中作主语，指人，应用who或者that，故填whose；who/that。36why who 【详解】考查定语从句。设空1引导定语从句修饰先行词reason，在从句中作原因状语，用why；设空2引导定语从句修饰先行词those，指人，在从句中作主语，用who，故填why；who。37which Living 【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。第一空为定语从句修饰先行词 playground ，先行

56、词在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导；第二空表示“居住”应用动词live，此处作主语，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填which和Living。38most of whom 【详解】考查定语从句。patients 是先行词，大部分是most of，whom在定语从句中做介词of的宾语，指代人,故填most；of ；whom。39some of whom are experts【详解】考查定语从句。表示先行词是friends，其中一些用some of ,指代人，做介词的宾语用whom引导定语从句，一些修饰复数名词，所以谓语动词也是复数，表示“专家”应用experts。故翻译

57、为some of whom are experts。40that showed promise in the fight against【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。此处定语从句修饰先行词ancient Chinese medical treatments，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that引导；表示“有望”短语为show promise；表示“战胜”短语为fight against。结合上文discovered可知用一般过去时。故填that showed promise in the fight against。41As is known to all#As we know【

58、详解】考查定语从句。表“众所周知 ”惯常可使用as引导的非限定性定语从句，置于主句之前。且主被动形式均可。故填As is known to all/As we know。42where/in which they planned to meet【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意“计划见面的那座房子”可知，此处应用定语从句，表示“他们”应用they；表示“计划做某事”应用plan to do sth.；表示“见面”应用meet；结合“passed”可知，使用一般过去时，先行词the house在定语从句中作地点状语，需用where/in which引导。故填where/in which they p

59、lanned to meet。43The reason why he didnt come【详解】考查定语从句和时态。根据汉语提示可知，the reason为先行词，在后面的定语从句作原因状语，关系副词为why，定语从句的主语为he, 谓语为 didnt come。故填The reason why he didnt come。44reach a point where 【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“reach a point”，意为“达到某一点，达到水准”，“try to do sth.”意为“尽力做某事”，“to”后接动词原形，根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为

60、限制性定语从句，“point”为表示抽象地点的名词，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填reach a point where。45energetic important that 【详解】考查形容词作定语和that引导的定语从句。句中使用形容词作定语；句中the ones作先行词，在后面的定语从句作主语，用that引导定语从句。再结合所给汉语可知答案为(1). energetic (2). important (3). that46by which has been connected with 【详解】考查定语从句和短语。A be connected with B

61、 .A和B相联系，根据中文“.的重要手段”，可知需要定语从句，先行词为重要手段，且通过这种重要手段，用介词by加which定语从句表达。前文用现在完成时，用has been done。故填by which;has been connected with。47in which diverse cultures 【详解】考查定语从句。第一空引导非限制性定语从句，take part in为固定短语，意为“参加”，此处将in前置，先行词sports event在定语从句中作in的宾语，此处需用in which引导定语从句；第二空diverse cultures意为“不同的文化”。故填in whichd

62、iverse cultures。48It is estimated by the stores that the majority of their annual sales will come from Double Eleven, which is also a good chance to clear out too many stocks by the end of the year.【详解】考查名词、动词短语、介词短语、时态、固定句型和定语从句。结合原文，分析句子可知，“商家可以预计”是主句，描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，可用固定句型：It is estimated (by the

63、stores) that.表示，意为“据(商家)预计”，其中it形式主语，that从句是主语从句；再分析that主语从句“年销售额中的一大部分会来自于双十一，这也是一个在年底前清理过多库存的好机会”可知，该主语从句还可以处理为主从复合句，其中“年销售额中的一大部分会来自于双十一”是主句，描述尚未发生的事情，应用一般将来时态，“年销售额中的一大部分”可用the majority of their annual sales表示，“来自”是谓语动词，可用come from表示，用一般将来时will come from，“双十一”是宾语，用专用名词Double Eleven表示，可译为：the maj

64、ority of their annual sales will come from Double Eleven；“这也是一个在年底前清理过多库存的好机会”可处理成非限制性定语从句，修饰主句中先行词Double Eleven，用关系代词which引导该定语从句，“是一个好机会”用is a good chance表示，“清理过多库存”作后置定语修饰名词chance，用不定式形式to clear out too many stocks，“在年底前”是时间状语，用介词短语by the end of the year表 示，可译为：which is also a good chance to clea

65、r out too many stocks by the end of the year.。综上， 全句译为：It is estimated by the stores that the majority of their annual sales will come from Double Eleven, which is also a good chance to clear out too many stocks by the end of the year.49With the scenery unique to the place impressing people from all

66、 over the world, there have been diverse comments appearing on various websites, full of admiration for wonders created by nature, which leads to such a phenomenon that even more tourists head for the mysterious destination to have their curiosity satisfied so that the scenic site is well packed alm

67、ost every day.【详解】考查with的符合结构、there be、非限制定定语从句、名词和动词。那个地方所特有的风景应用“the scenery unique to the place”，给来自于世界各地的人们留下了深刻的印象应用“impressing people from all over the world”，多种多样的评论“diverse comments”出现在各个网站上应用“ appearing on various websites”，充满了应用“full of”，人们对大自然创造的奇迹的仰慕之情应用“admiration for wonders created by

68、 nature”， 导致应用“lead to”，这样一个现象应用“such a phenomenon”，更多的游客“even more tourists”前往这个神秘的目的地“head for the mysterious destination”，以使他们的好奇心得到满足，不定式做目的状语应用“to have their curiosity satisfied”，以致于应用“so that”，这个景点几乎每天都挤满了人应用“the scenic site is well packed almost every day”，陈述现在的事情使用一般现在时，故翻译为With the scenery

69、unique to the place impressing people from all over the world, there have been diverse comments appearing on various websites, full of admiration for wonders created by nature, which leads to such a phenomenon that even more tourists head for the mysterious destination to have their curiosity satisf

70、ied so that the scenic site is well packed almost every day.50Such good first impressions did he job seeker / hunter who graduated from a prestigious university leave on the interviewers that they decided to admit / hire / employ him on the scene.【详解】考查倒装。本句陈述过去的事实，要用一般过去时。表达：“给某人留下好印象”，英语用 “leave g

71、ood impressions on sb”；表达：“名校毕业的求职者”，英语用“job seeker / hunter who graduated from a prestigious university”；表达：“当场拍板录用”，英语用“admit / hire / employ him on the scene”；根据句意用“such .that (如此.以致于）”引导的结果状语从句，且将such和它的修饰语置于句首时，该句要用部分倒装，即：将助动词did置于主语之前。故整句翻译为：Such good first impressions did he job seeker / hunt

72、er who graduated from a prestigious university leave on the interviewers that they decided to admit / hire / employ him on the scene.51It is difficult to integrate yourself into a society that is different from your own culture.【详解】考查固定句型和动词。分析句子和提示可知，此处应该用“It is + adj. to do sth.”意为“做某事是困难的”；“将你自己融

73、入一个与自己的文化不同的社会”中动词短语“将融入”可用integrate . into .表示；“自己的文化不同的社会”可用 a society that is different from your own culture表示，故答案为It is difficult to integrate yourself into a society that is different from your own culture.【点睛】52The age of teachers who are likely to have the opportunity to go abroad for furthe

74、r study ranges from 25 to 45.【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“年龄在25岁到45岁之间的教师”译为The age of teachers ranges from 25 to 45，range from.to为固定短语，意为“从.到.的范围”；表示“可能有出国进修的机会”译为who are likely to have the opportunity to go abroad for further study，who引导定语从句，修饰限定前面的名词teachers；be likely to do sth.为固定短语，意为“可能做某事”；go abroad for

75、 further study意为“出国深造，出国进修”。故翻译为The age of teachers who are likely to have the opportunity to go abroad for further study ranges from 25 to 45。53China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 s

76、pacecraft.【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。此处主语为China，表示“成为世界上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家”翻译为become the third country in the world to independently send humans into space，此处应用一般过去时；表示“在2003年”应用in 2003，后跟when引导的非限制性定语从句，从句主语为Yang Liwei；表示“乘坐“神舟五号”宇宙飞船成功环绕地球运行”翻译为successfully orbit Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft。句子应用一般过去时。故

77、翻译为China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.54With the help of the coach, he practised hard, maintained self-disciplined, and ended up achieving success, which made his teammat

78、es deeply impressed.【详解】考查动词，介词短语及定语从句。表达：在某人的帮助下，英语用with the help of sb；表达：教练，英语用the coach；表达：刻苦训练，英语用practise hard；表达：严格自律，英语用maintain self-disciplined；表达：最终获得成功，英语用end up achieving success；使某人刮目相看，英语用 make sb. deeply impressed；表达：他的队友，英语用his teammates。“在教练的帮助下，他刻苦训练，严格自律，最终获得成功，”这是句子的主干；“这使队友们对他刮

79、目相看，”这是补充其他人对他的看法，因此可翻译为非限制性定语从句对主干内容进行补充，which指代前面整个句子，在定语从句中作主语。整句陈述过去的事实，要用一般过去时。故整句翻译为：With the help of the coach, he practised hard, maintained self- disciplined, and ended up achieving success, which made his teammates deeply impressed.55Please actively take part in after-class activities, whi

80、ch will not only make your school life colorful, but also improve your learning.【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。表示“积极参加”短语为actively take part in，此处为肯定祈使句；表示“课外活动”短语为after-class activities；此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词after-class activities，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导，从句为一般将来时；表示“不仅而且”短语为not onlybut also；表示“使你的学校生活丰富多彩”短语为make y

81、our school life colorful；表示“促进你的学习”短语为improve your learning。故翻译为Please actively take part in after-class activities, which will not only make your school life colorful, but also improve your learning.56He has been exposed to Chinese and Western culture since childhood and has read many books, which

82、has laid a solid foundation for his future writing career.【详解】考查短语及非限制性定语从句。接触应用短语“be exposed to”，中西文化应用“Chinese and Western culture”，时间状语自幼“since childhood”，博览群书应用“read many books”，后接which引导的非限制性定语从句，关系代词which指代前边的一整句话，在从句中充当主语，短语为.奠定坚实基础应为“lay a solid foundation for .”，未来的写作生涯为“his future writing

83、career”，结合句意及时间标志词可知，要使用现在完成时，故翻译为He has been exposed to Chinese and Western culture since childhood and has read many books, which has laid a solid foundation for his future writing career.57The phenomenon of alcohol abuse, which is not widespread, still disturbs parents and teachers.【详解】考查名词、定语从句和

84、时态。结合汉语提示，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语“酗酒的现象”表达为the phenomenon of alcohol abuse，其后为修饰它的非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词the phenomenon of alcohol abuse在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，从句为主系表结构，表语为形容词widespread“广泛分布的”；主句谓语动词为disturb “困扰”，主语是第三人称单数，注意主谓一致，宾语为parents and teachers“家长和老师”。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：The phenomenon of alcohol abuse, which is

85、not widespread, still disturbs parents and teachers.58As we all know, acupuncture can date back to thousands of years ago.【详解】考查非限制性定语从句，时态和固定短语。“众所周知”是as we all know，“针灸”是acupuncture，“追溯到”是固定短语date back to，“几千年前”是thousands of years ago，“可以”是can，其后跟动词原形，句子是as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代后面整个主句内容，位于句首在从句中作宾语，陈述客观

86、事实，用一般现在时，故答案是As we all know, acupuncture can date back to thousands of years ago。59This cultural relic represents the Tibetan civilization, which is the reason why it appears on this travel brochure.【详解】考查定语从句。根据提示可知，本句为一般现在时；“这就是它出现在这本旅游手册上的原因”作为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，represent“代表”，the reason why“的原因

87、”，the Tibetan civilization“西藏文明”，travel brochure“旅游指南”，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：This cultural relic represents the Tibetan civilization, which is the reason why it appears on this travel brochure.60The day when she was admitted to the psychology department was memorable.【详解】考查短语、时态、语态和定语从句。admit sb. to 允许进入

88、；psychology department心理学系。句中先行词为the day，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。从句中主语she与admit之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故翻译为The day when she was admitted to the psychology department was memorable.61who【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：艾萨克牛顿出生于伽利略去世的那一年，他被公认为历史上最伟大的科学家之一。分词句子可知，Isaac Newton为先行词，指人，作后面非限制性定语从句的主语，关系代词为w

89、ho，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。62where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国好声音提供了一个舞台，在那里人们能够实现他们的梦想。空处引导定语从句，先行词stage指物，关系词代替它在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。63which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。当先行词为the way，可以用that/in which来引导定语从句。本句的先行词为the way，结合句中提示，故填which。64which【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：世界银行主席说，他热爱中国，这种热爱他记得早在他的童年时期就开始了。which指代“对中

90、国的热爱”，在从句中作starting的宾语，引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。65which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他数学考试得了145分，这使他的父母很高兴。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。66As【详解】考查关系代词。句意：众所周知，二滩水电站是攀枝花几个水电站之一。根据As we all know(众所周知)可知空格处是非限制性定语从句，由As引导，指后面整个句子。故填As。67why【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们不知道他们没有遵守诺言的原因。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason，先行词在从句中作原因状语，

91、应用关系副词why。故填why。68when【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我见到那位著名的宇航员的那一天。分析可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为day，关系副词when引导从句，在从句中用作时间状语，故填when。69that/which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们告诉我说永远不会忘记和我们在攀枝花一起度过的日子。分析句子可知，空白前句成分完整，后句缺少宾语，考虑定语从句，先行词为days，事物属性，要用关系代词which或that。故填that或which。70where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是周恩来总理曾经工作过的房子吗？此处为定语从句修饰先行词house，先

92、行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。71whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们班有六十名学生，他们都在努力学习。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词students ，作介词的宾语，指人，应用whom。故填whom。72whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近我买了一个古代的中国花瓶，它的价格很合理。分析句子可知，空白前句成分完整，后句主干成分完整，考虑定语从句，先行词为vase，price与vase之间有从属关系，应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。73which【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：下午茶聚会很快成为流行的社交场合，

93、这一趋势一直延续到今天。此处引导定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，后面的句子缺少主语，由关系代词which引导。故答案为which。74where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在看泰坦尼克号时，看到杰克救了那个女孩但自己死在冰冷的水里的场景时，大部分人情不自禁的哭了。分析句子可知，scene后面是定语从句；先行词为scene在从句中做地点状语，从句的用关系副词where引导。故填where。75as【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，印刷术是中国古代发明的。as is known to all表示众所周知，as引导定语从句指代整个句子。故填as。76that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：它不再是过

94、去的那个地方了。根据句意和结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词为“the place”，关系词在从句中作表语，故用关系代词that，填that。77who【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一项研究表明，从事课外活动的学生比那些不从事课外活动的学生更快乐。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰those,在本句中those指人,故用who引导定语从句，故填who。78that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：暑假期间，在公司工作是你能抓住的绝佳机会。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词chance,因先行词被very修饰,故用that引导定语从句。故填that。79that/which【详解】考查定

95、语从句。句意：我们会看到出租车在车站等着你，你可以租它去到你的寄宿家庭。先行词taxis是指物的名词，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。80who/that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：研究发现，保持健康的人更有可能拥有更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维。本空为定语从句引导词，先行词是people，指人，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/ that。所以填who/that。81whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想对我所求助的人表示感谢。分析句子结构可知,本句中的to _ I have turned是定语从句，先行词为the people，指人

96、，关系词在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且把介词to提到了关系词的前面，故填whom。82whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们决定买那座窗户朝南的房子。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the house，关系词与window是所属关系，在定语从句中作定语，所以用关系代词whose。根据句意，故填whose。83why【详解】考查定语从句。句意：之所以会出现这种滑稽的错误，是因为盲目信任在线自动翻译服务。定语从句修饰先行词reason，先行词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。84who/that/whom【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识正在大树下和我们英语老师

97、谈话的那位女士吗? our English teacher is talking with为定语从句，修饰先行词the lady，在从句中作宾语，可以用who，that，whom引导，故填who/that/whom85who/that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是那位从着火的大楼里救出几个学生的老师吗?the teacher 是先行词，在定语从句中做主语，指代人用who或that。故填who/that。86that/which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我做的菜是妈妈的最爱。空处引导定语从句，The dishes 是先行词，在定语从句中做宾语，指代物用that或which。故填that/wh

98、ich。87that/which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我还记得2019年发生在四川宜宾的地震。 此处为定语从句修饰先行词earthquake，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。88that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是他们去年暑假参观过的工厂。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词factory，在从句中作宾语，并且先行词前有the very修饰，只能用that，故填that。89where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：警方搜查了小偷曾经待过的房子。分析句子可知，空白前后句主干成分完整，考虑定语从句，the house为先行词，由

99、句意可知其在后句中作地点状语，故应使用where来引导。故填where。90when【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得我获奖的那一刻。此处为限定性定语从句，the moment为先行词，作定语从句的时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。91As【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，品牌的影响是巨大的。本句为as引导的非限制性定语从句，置于句首，首字母大写，as有“正如”之意。故填As。92As to live 【详解】考查非限制定语从句和动词不定式。句意：正如亚里士多德所说，没有人会选择生活中没有朋友，即使他有所有其他的好处。分析可知，第一个空所在句“_ Aristotle s

100、aid”为非限制定语从句，从句在主句之前，理解为“正如亚里士多德说过”，应用关系词as引导。第二个空位于动词choose之后，构成固定结构choose to do ,应填to live。 故填(1). As；(2). to live。93is mentioned【详解】考查被动语态。句意：如前所述，花生适合在沙田中生长。分析句子结构，as作关系代词, 引导非限制性定语从句, 用来指代后文的整个句子, as is mentioned表示“如前所述”，此处应用被动式，故填is mentioned。94where that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词和强调句型。句意：我是在两年前我工作的那家公司认识

101、史密斯先生的。 I worked two years ago 是定语从句修饰先行词the company，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where；本句是“It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who +其它”强调句型结构，此处被强调部分是地点状语in the company，用that。故填where that。95for【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该中心还开设了两门生活绘画课程，收取少量费用。分析可知空格所在的部分是一个定语从句，which指代前面整个句子，且表示原因，故用“for+which”引导该定语从句。故填for。96whom【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：面包被偷的店主拒绝撤销指控。分析可知空格处是一个非限制性定语从句，空格处指人，且作介词 from的宾语，故填whom。97with【详解】考查介词。句意：这款智能键盘精确地测量打字的节奏和手指按压每个键的力度。cadence后是“介词+which”引导的定语从句，一个人是用某种节奏打字，因此空格处是表示“用”的介词，即with，故填with。98in【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在某种意义上，对这个悲剧我们大家都有责任。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。in a sense为固定用法，表示“从某种意义上来说”。故填in。