专题10 第10天-字母Y开头.docx

1、专题10 第10天-字母Y开头&中考英语必考点91125-2022年江苏中考英语10天速记高频词汇和短语（牛津译林版） 中考英语高频词汇和短语-Y开头【高频词汇】形容词：young年轻的名词：youth青年 year年副词：yet已经，还 yesterday昨天中考高频动词短语与put相关与take相关与break相关Put up搭建；张贴 Put on穿上；增重；上演 Put off推迟Put in安装 Put out扑灭Put away收拾整理Take up占据；从事Take down记下，记录Take on承担，接受；呈现Take off脱下；起飞Take in吸收Take away带走

2、Break into强行闯入Break out爆发Break down坏掉，抛锚Break up关系破裂Break in插嘴，打断与give相关与turn相关与stay相关Give up放弃Give in屈服，投降Give away赠送；泄露Give out分发Turn on打开Turn off关闭Turn up调高音量；出现Turn down调低音量；拒绝Turn out结果是，证明是Turn into变成Turn to求助Turn over翻转Turn around转身Stay up熬夜Stay out待在外面与get相关与hand相关Get up起床Get on上车Get off下车Ge

3、t ready for为.做好准备Hand in上交Hand out分发与die相关与look相关Die of死于（内因）Die from死于（外因）Look for寻找Look around环顾Look into调查Look through浏览Look up查找（字典）与up相关与out相关Take up占据；从事Turn up调高音量；出现Give up放弃Get up起床Put up张贴；搭建Set up建立Build up建立Stay up熬夜Use up用完Look up查找（字典）Make up编写，编造；弥补Clear up清理；放晴Dress up化妆Break out 爆发

4、Pick out 选出 Carry out 执行，进行 Set out 出发，着手，摆放Turn out 结果是，生产，培养Make out 理解，看清楚 Come out 出版，出来Work out 算出，想出办法等 Find out 查出，弄明白 Put out 扑灭 Run out 用完 Go out出去；熄灭与on相关与off相关Take on接受，承担；呈现Turn on打开Get on上车Depend on 依靠 Insist on 坚持 Carry on 继续，进行Put on 穿上，戴上，上演 Call on 拜访(某人)；号召；要求Live on 以为生Show off 炫耀

5、Get off 下车，脱下(衣服等) Take off 脱下，起飞Put off 延期，推迟 Turn off 关掉 Fall off 跌落，掉下 Pay off 还清；付清；行贿；取得成功 Set off 出发 See off 送行 与to相关与for相关Pay attention to注意Be devoted to 奉献致力于Look forward to盼望Lead to导致，引起Belong to属于Try out for参加选拔Stand for代表Cheer for为.欢呼Pay for付钱买Leave for动身前往Search for查找 Ask for 要求得到 Call f

6、or 需要，要求 与through相关Get through 完成；读完；穿过Look through 浏览Go through 通过；经历(苦难时期等)Put through 接通电话 中考英语必考点9112591.show off意为 炫耀 【show 的常用结构有】：show sb. sth. = show sth to sb 把某物给某人看show sb around some place 带领某人参观某地show up 出现92.enough1) adj.作定语，可修饰可数名词与不可数名词Eg . Are there enough seats for ten persons?2) a

7、dv. “充分地，足够地” be+adj/adv+enough +(for sb)+to do sth修饰adj和adv，且必须放在他们之后Eg .This room is large enough for us to sleep in.【注意】：enough用于名前形后e up with new ideas 想出新主意=think of new ideas94.mind(1) v.介意 Would/Do you mind+(sbs) doing.? e.g. Would you mind my/me smoking here?不介意的回答：No, not at all./No. Of cou

8、rse notDo you mind if sb. does sth.? e.g. Do you mind if I smoke here?介意的回答：Id rather you didnt .Im sorry./Sorry./Youd better not.Would you mind if sb. did.?(虚拟语气）eg: Would you mind if I broke the news to your son?【短语拓展】：never mind 别难过；没关系； 不重要(2) n.思想，主意【短语拓展】：make up ones mind(s)；下决心on ones mind （

9、有事）挂在心上，惦念change ones mind 改变某人的想法95.a great deal of+不可数名词 “大量的”96.try out for sth. 参加.的选拔或试演97.die 死掉 (强调动作，是瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如果要连用需要改成have/has been dead)1) deathn. 死亡dyingadj. 垂死的deadadj. 死的Eg. His father died five years ago. 他父亲去世五年了。2) die from “由于.而死”(一般常用于由外伤、衰老引起的死亡)Eg. The old man died fr

10、om a car accident last year. 这个老人去年死于一场车祸。3) die of 由于.而死”(一般指由于疾病、情感等原因引起的死亡)Eg. His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992. 他的祖父1992年死于肝癌。98.dream n.&vi.1) dream作名词，表示“梦想”2) dream作动词，表示“做梦，梦想”【短语】make ones come true 实现某人的梦想dream of sth/doing sth.梦想做某事，有向往之意。come true为不及物动词短语，意为“实现，成为现实”：sth come

11、 true某物成为现实【同义词】realize vt. 实现：认识到：achieve vt. 实现, 达到, 完成：99.number n. 数量、数字、号码、编号【辨析】the number of 的数量，谓语动词用单数。 a number of 许多，大量，通常后跟可数名词复数。【例句】The number of the population of China is very large. 中国人口的数量是非常巨大的。This equipment has saved the lives of a number of new born children. 这套设备已经挽救了许多新生儿的生命。

12、100.own 【解析】1）own作动词，表示“拥有”2）own作形容词，表示“自己的” 【固定搭配】own sb/sth 拥有某人/某物on ones own 独自，相当于by oneself【例句】I want to own a big house.我想拥有一栋大房子。 Lily has her own bedroom.李莉有她自己的卧室。101.常见的以ly 结尾的形容词以ly结尾的对应的汉语意思friendly友好的lovely可爱的daily日常的weekly每周的monthly每个月的yearly每年的该类形容词修饰名词：daily newspaper日报monthly test月

13、考friendly neighors友好的邻居 102.hear、sound与listen to的辨析hear及物动词，表示“听见”，强调听的结果。固定短语：hear of/about sb/sth听说关于某人/某事的消息。 hear from=receive a letter from sb收到某人的来信。辨析：hear sb do sth听见某人做了某事或听见某人经常做某事。 hear sb doing sth听见某人正在做某事.listen 不及物动词，表示“听”，强调听的动作。固定短语：listen to sth听.常作现在进行时的标志词。如：Listen! Somebody is c

14、rying.sound既可以作名词，表示“声音”；又可以作系动词，表示“听起来”，后接形容词：It sounds good.听起来不错。103.choose vt.选择【短语】choose sb to do sth选择某人做某事 choose to do sth选择去做某事 choose sb to be= choose sb as选择某人做【拓展】choice n.选择【固定搭配】have no choice but to do sth别无选择只能做某事 =have nothing to do but do sth104.little, a little, few, a few 的辨析肯定比

15、较级否定比较级最高级修饰可数名词复数a few fewfewerfewest修饰不可数名词a littlea little + adj.比较级littlelessleast105.borrow与lend的辨析【解析】borrow 指“借入”，lend 指“借出”； 【短语】borrow sth. from sb. lend sth. to sb.= lend sb sth106.beginning 与 end 的用法【解析】in the beginning 表示“起初”、“开始的时候”； at the beginning (of)表示“在开始的时候”；【例句】In the beginning,

16、 he wasnt interested in it. 起初，他对它并不感兴趣。 At the beginning of this century a great many Europeans went to live in the USA.本世纪初，许多欧洲人去美国居住。【解析】in the end的意思相当于finally, at last，表示“最后、终于”；at the end (of)表示“在最后/尽头” 【例句】Xiao Ming passed the exam in the end. 最后小明通过了那次考试。 There is a clothes shop at the end

17、of the street. 在这条街的尽头有一家服装店。 107. “提供”的表达法【解析】能够表达“提供”的词有：offer、provide【短语】offer sb sth= offer sth to sb给某人提供某物 provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb给某人提供某物108.discuss vt.讨论【短语】discuss sth with sb和某人讨论某事【拓展】discussion n.讨论：have a discussion with sb和某人进行一次讨论109.hardly与hard的辨析Hardly副词“几乎不”修饰动词I cou

18、ld hardly stand after a long walk.长途跋涉后，我几乎站不住了。Hard形容词“坚硬的”“困难的”修饰名词The work is hard for me to finish.这项工作我很难完成。副词“努力地”修饰动词Tom works hard.汤姆工作很努力。【拓展】work hard表示“努力工作”，是一个动词短语； hard-working表示“努力的”，是一个形容词，用来修饰名词。【例句】My father is a hard-working man.我的爸爸是个努力的人。 My father works hard every day.我爸爸每天都努力工

19、作。110.calm的用法词条用法例句calmadj. 镇定的，平静的；（人）从容不迫的keep calm 保持镇定You should keep calm even in face of danger.Vt. 使平静，镇定calm sb. downWe should tack action to calm him down.Vi. 平静，冷静 sb calm downWe should calm down when we are in danger.111.instead 与 instead of的区别【解析】instead是副词，意为“相反，而，却”。连接肯定的内容，可以放在肯定句的句首或

20、句末。【例句】He is too busy. Let me go instead. 他太忙例了，让我去吧。 Instead, he watched TV. 相反，他看电视了。【解析】instead of意为“代替，而不是”，连接否定的内容，后接名词，代词或动词ing形式。【例句】Ill choose English instead of Japanese.我要选英语而不选日语。 The children went swimming instead of fishing. 孩子们去游泳了，而不是去钓鱼。112.promise的用法 【解析】v.承诺，允诺，答应【解析】n. 承诺，诺言：make

21、a promise 许下诺言113.advice与suggestion的区别【解析】advice表示“建议”【短语】advcse sb to do sth建议某人做某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事【拓展】suggestion n. 可数 advice n. 不可数（advise只能作动词，advice可以作名词）114.luck n.运气，幸运 Good luck to you.祝你好运luckyadj.幸运的She is a lucky girl.她是个幸运的女孩。luckilyadv.幸运的是Luckily, he didnt get hurt.幸运地是他没有受伤。否定

22、前缀为un-unluckyunluckily115.peace n. 安宁；和平；和睦adj. peaceful 和平的，爱好和平的，平静的adv. peacefully 和平地in peace平静地116.prefer &would rathervt. 宁愿选择，更喜欢 (preferred ; preferring)1) Prefer (sb.) to do sth. 宁愿（某人）做某事 I prefer him to do it in a different way.2) Prefer A to B 在两者之间更喜欢A He prefers tea to coffee.3) Prefer

23、 doing A to doing B I prefer walking to cycling.4) Prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B. He prefers to write her some letters rather than telephone her.would rather1) Would rather do sth.He would rather drink tea.2) Would rather do A than do BHe would rather write her some letters than telephon

24、e her.117.remindremind vt. 提醒，使想起1) remind sb. to do 提醒某人去做某事2) remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事e.g: Please remind me to bring the umbrella.请提醒我带伞。118.present1）形容词：目前的，现存的：at the present time在目前2）名词：现在，目前：4）名词：礼物，赠品：119.be of+抽象名词=be + adj.be of help=be helpful有帮助的 be of importance=be important 重要的 be of s

25、uccess =be successful 成功的be of value=be valuable 有价值的 be of interest=be interested 有兴趣的 be of health=be healthy健康的120.词义辨析：find out; find; discover;find outfindout意为“查明、发现、了解”，指经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事、某物查出来、搞清楚，多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况，如Pleasefindouttheanswertothequestion.look forlookfor意为“寻找”，强调找的动作，是延续性动词，如Imlook

26、ingformypenfindfind意为“找到、发现、感到”，强调找的结果，是非延续性动词，如IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.discoverdiscover意为“发现、发觉”，指发现某种情况或发现早已存在而未为人知的东西，如ScientistsaroundtheworldareworkingtodiscoveracureforAIDS.121.include【动词】包括,包含，把算入【解析】include是及物动词，前面要有主语的。【例句】The price includes postage charges.价格包括邮费在内。【拓展】including

27、是介词，一般用在逗号或冒号前面，有时也放在句中。【例句】The band played many songs, including some of my favorites.这个乐队唱了很多的歌，包括我喜欢的一些歌。122.cover vt. “包括，涵盖，涉及”【例句】 The programme covered that great event.All the TV stations covers that event one by one.1) cover vt. 覆盖，掩盖，常与介词with 连用，意为“用.覆盖”,常用结构：be covered with . 被.覆盖,有时也可用作

28、be covered by 【短语】becoveredwithsth.被覆盖2) cover n. 盖子，封皮【例句】the cover of a saucepanMy book has a dark blue cover.3) cover 作动词，意为“报道，采访”【例句】We will cover this years Beijing Music Awards live.123.lead vt. & vi.（ lead-led-led）“带路, 领路, 指引”【短语】 lead to + sth/ doing(to为prep) 导致。通向。【例句】 Hard work leads to s

29、uccess. 努力通向成功。124.waste v. 浪费 n. 浪费句型：Its a waste of time your talking to him. 你和他谈话是白费时间。125.Pay attention toattention.注意，注意力，照料，关怀。名词，不可数相关短语：pay attention to, 关注，注意，留心。其中to 为介词，故后面若出现动词则需要用动词的ing形式。对应的pay no attention to不关注，不注意catch ones attention 吸引某人的注意力例句：As a student ,we should pay much attention to our study instead of computer games. You can catch her attention by following her on her way home.