专题7.形容词副词考点聚焦和精讲 （原卷版）.docx

1、形容词、副词考点聚焦和精讲【中考形容词、副词考点聚焦】1、 形容词的功能和位置；2、 常见易混形容词用法辨析。3、 副词的功能和位置；4、 副词的构成和分类；5、 常见易混副词用法辨析；6、形容词、副词比较等级的用法。一 形容词的功能和位置1.说明人或事物的性质或特征的词叫形容词。形容词在句中只要用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。1. 形容词作定语，一般放在所修饰的名词前面，且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。如：I have an interesting book. / a b

2、ig yellow wooden wheel一个黄色的大木轮Would you like something hot to drink? / Something serious has happened to him.【注意】“基数词+名词+形容词”可构成复合形容词，用作定语。复合形容词中的名词只能用单数形式，而且这个复合形容词只放在被修饰的名词前。 如：an eight-year-old boy 一个8岁的男孩2. 形容词作表语，放在系动词(be, look, feel, smell, sound.)的后面。如：He is tall. / He looks happy today.3. 形容

3、词作宾语的补语，放在keep, make, leave等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语。如：Do you think it necessary? / Doing morning exercises can keep us healthy. 4. 形容词作状语。如：He arrived home, hungry and tired. 5. 形容词作主语放在句首，作宾语放在动词或介词后。如：The young should be polite to the old. / The new always take the place of the old. 6.“数词形容词”表示“长、宽、高、深、重、远离及

4、年龄”，形容词应该置于名词后。如：Hes 1.8 metres tall. / The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.2. 多个形容词作定语时的排序请记住“限观形龄颜国材”，如果这几个字不好记，就记“县官行令宴国才”。（1）县（限）：代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。如：the，this这个，that那个， my我的，Toms汤姆的，two两个。（2）官（观）：代表观点的描述性形容词。如：fine好的，beautiful漂亮的，interesting有趣的。（3）行（形）：代表表示大

5、小、长短、高低及形状的形容词。如：small小的，tall高的，high高的，round圆的。（4）令（龄）：代表年龄、新旧的形容词。如：young年轻的，old年老的，new新的。（5）宴（颜）：代表颜色的形容词。如：red红的，black黑的，white白的。（6）国：代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词（或名词）。如：English英国的，American美国的。（7）才（材）：代表中心名词构成材料的形容词。如：wooden木制的，stone石头，plastic塑料。There is desk in my room. 在我的房间里有一个又小又旧的黑色木桌。His living room is d

6、ecorated with carpet. 他的起居室里装饰着绿色的中国大地毯。3. the加上某些形容词相当于名词，表示一类人或事物有些形容词如：rich, poor, good, bad, young, old, healthy, ill, living, dead等，前面加定冠词the 后变成名词，表示某种人，其谓语常用复数形式。The poor very happy, but the rich sad. 穷人高兴，但是富人悲伤。4. 以-ly结尾的形容词（1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly, deadly, lovely, lonely, likely, live

7、ly, ugly, brotherly等仍为形容词。改错：(错）She sang lovely. （对）Her singing was lovely.（错）He spoke to me very friendly.（对）He spoke to me in a very friendly way.（2）有些以-ly 结尾的词既可做形容词，也可做副词。如：daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early等。如：The Times is a daily paper. / The Times is published daily.5. 只能作表语的形容词：以下这些形容词：af

8、raid; alone; asleep; awake; alive; well健康的; ill; frightened等，只能用做表语。如：（误）The ill man is my uncle. （正）The man is ill. 6. 只能作定语的形容词：以下这些形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的。如：My brother is elder.（误） My elder brother is in Beijing.（正）7. 既可做形容词又可做副词的词下列词既可做形容词又可做副词。如：early, late, long, las

9、t, next, first, near, enough, much, all, hard, alone, fast, slow, high, low, straight等等。如：He stayed there very long. 他在那儿呆了好久。/ He is a very hard person. 他是个难对付的家伙。8. 形容词与名词的转换：（1）名词加后缀变为形容词。 在名词后加-y。如：windwindy, sunsunny, lucklucky, cloudcloudy, noisenoisy, healthhealthy 在名词后加-ly。如：daydaily, weekwe

10、ekly, monthmonthly, friendfriendly, lovelovely 在动词或名词后加-ful。如：helphelpful, thankthankful, beautybeautiful, carecareful, useuseful 在方位名词后加-ern。如：easteastern, southsouthern, northnorthern, westwestern 在名词后加-less，变成否定意义的形容词。如：hopehopeless, useuseless, carecareless（2）形容词加后缀变为名词。 形容词加-ty变成名词。如：safesafety

11、, difficultdifficulty 形容词加-th变成名词。如：warmwarmth, youngyouth, truetruth 形容词加-ness变成名词。如：illillness, weakweakness, goodgoodness, kindkindness, carelesscarelessness, happyhappiness 形容词加-ence/-ance变成名词。如：differentdifference, depedantdepedance, importantimportantance9. -ing形容词和-ed形容词的比较：-ing形容词表示主动意义，多修饰事

12、或物，多指事物影响到人，意为“使人（感到）的”；而-ed 形容词往往带有被动含义，修饰人，多指人受到事物的影响，意为“感到的”，常用于“sb.+ -ed形容词”结构，有时也做定语用。-ing形容词-ed形容词例句interesting有趣的interested 感兴趣的This is an interesting book. / Im interested in this book. surprising 使人惊讶的surprised 感到惊讶的Peter told me a surprising story. / Im surprised at the news. pleasing 使人愉快

13、的pleased 感到愉快的This is a pleasing answer. / Im pleased with your answer.moving 动人的moved 受感动的This is a moving story. / Im moved by the story.exciting 令人激动的excited 感到激动的They are all excited about the the exciting sports news.tiring 使人厌倦的tired感到疲倦的This speech is very tiring. / Im tired of the speech. 10

14、. 形容词常用句型：（1）“Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth.注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者（人）的性格、品质的形容词。如：good, kind, nice, polite, clever, foolish, lazy, careful, careless, right（正确的），wrong等。Its very kind of you to help me. =You are very kind to help me.（2）“Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=To do

15、 sth is adj for sb.注意：这一句型中常用描述做某事性质的形容词。如：important, necessary, difficult, easy, hard, dangerous, safe, useful, pleasant, interesting, impossible等。Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language. =To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.（3）表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad, pleased, sad, thankful等常接不定式。

16、Im very sad to hear the bad news. / Im very glad to see you.（4） 表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready（乐意的，有准备的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain（一定）等常接不定式。Lei Feng is always ready to help others. / He is sure to get to school on time.（5）sb. find/make/think+it+形容词+to do sth. (某人发现/认为/使得做某事怎样) 句中的it是形式宾语，不定式短语to do sth.为真正的宾

17、语，形容词在句中作宾语补足语。 I found it important to learn English well. 我发现学好英语重要。二 常用易混形容词用法辨析：（1）whole与all的用法辨析：记住两个词序： the whole +名词； all (of) the +名词。如：He was busy the morning.He can remember the words he learns.（2）tall与high, short与low用法辨析：指人的个子时用tall与short；指其他事物时一般用high与low。Hes very . / A few people live o

18、n mountains. trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.（3）real与true的用法辨析：real一般指东西的真假，意为“真的”；而true则指事情或消息的可靠性，意为“真实的”。This is a diamond(钻石) and its very expensive. -Is that ?-Yes. I heard it with my own ears.（4）interested与interesting的用法辨析：interesting指人或东西“有趣的”，作定语或表语，而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”

19、，只能作表语。I am in science.The man is very and all the children like him. This book is and you can really enjoy yourself. （5）good与well的用法辨析：表示“好”时，作定语或表语用good，作状语用well；表示“(身体)好”时用well。Doing sports is for us. Study and make progress every day. -How are you?-I am very .（6）nice与fine的用法辨析：nice表示令人愉快的，可指东西、人

20、物外表等；fine一般指身体或天气好。Lets go and share(分享) the cake.She is a girl.What a day! Hes recently(最近).（7）too much与much too的用法辨析：too much表示“太多的”，修饰事物数量；much too表示“太过，过分”，修饰形容词或副词。That coat is dear. I am full because I have had rice.（8）quick、fast与soon的用法辨析：quick与fast基本同义，quick往往指反应速度快，fast往往指运动速度快，而soon则表示时间上很

21、快即将发生。A train is faster than a bus.His father will be back to China very . After a breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home. （9）lonely与alone的用法辨析：lonely是表示心理活动的形容词，意思是：“孤独的，寂寞的”，作定语或表语；alone的意思是：“独自的，单独的”，指无人陪伴，仅作表语，(作为副词的alone可作状语)。He lives but he doesnt feel . He is a person. You ca

22、n not easily get on well with him.（10）other与else的用法辨析：两个词都可以作形容词，但是用法不同，other放在名词前；else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much时要后置。另外，or else表示“否则”，是连词。The students are on the playground. Who can work out this maths problem? This is nobody money. Its mine. Do you have anything to say for yourself?（11）special与especia

23、l的用法辨析：表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时，两个词可互换，但special较为常用。另外，special还可以表示特别的目的。She pays attention to clothes.(她非常注重着装) These are chairs for small children. 这些是专门给小孩子的椅子。（12）gone、lost、missing的用法辨析：gone表示“丢了，没了”，含一去不复返的意思，也可以表示“死了”，作表语或宾补，不可以作定语；lost表示“丢失”，含难以找回的意思，可作定语、表语或宾补；missing表示“失踪了，不见了”，强调某人物不在原处，可作定语、表语或宾补。

24、My fever(高烧) is , but I still have a cough. 发烧消退了，但我仍然咳嗽。The parents found the child at last. 家长终于找到了迷路的孩子。My dictionary is .Whos taken it away? 我的字典不见了，谁拿走了？For more detailed information(详情) of the girls, please visit our website. 如果想知道失踪女孩们的详情，请访问我们的网站。（13）living、alive、live与lively的用法辨析：四个词都来源于动词li

25、ve“生活、居住”。1）living读livi有三个意思：“活着的、现存的”，作表语或定语。“一模一样的、逼真的”。相当于lively，意思是“强烈的、活泼的”；2）alive读laiv作表语，指人“活着的”，如果作定语，则放在名词的后面；3）live读laiv，指东西“活的”，可以替换为living；4）lively读laivli有三个意思：有生气的、活泼的、快活的。(色彩)鲜艳的。生动的，真实的。A language should be learned orally (口头上). 活的语言应该从口头上学（被动句）。We have a hope that you will succeed.

26、我们强烈地希望你能成功。They are the happiest children . 他们是活着的最开心的孩子。 This is a fish. 这是条活鱼。Is she still ? 她还活着吗？She is as as a kitten (小猫). 她像小猫一样可爱。He gave a description of the football match. 他生动地描述了那场足球赛。（14）sick与ill的用法辨析：sick和ill都表示“生病的”，但是，sick可以做定语、表语，而ill只能做表语。He has been for a long time and he is very

27、 weak now. 他病了很久，现在非常虚弱。Vets help treat pets and most of the pets owners like them. 兽医帮助诊治患病的宠物，很受宠物主人们的喜爱。三 副词的功能和位置修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义的词叫做副词。如：Unluckily he hurt his leg. / He runs too fast. / They often laugh loudly. 1. 副词的功能（1）副词作状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词和整个句子。My father works very har

28、d. Tom speak Chinese really well.Luckily, it was not so hot. （2）副词作表语：主要限于少数地点或方位副词、时间副词以及其他副词Food here is hard to get. Im very sorry he isnt in at the moment. Lets be out. （3）副词作定语：时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语，放在名词的后面。People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants. Water here is pr

29、epared for you. （4）副词作宾语补足语：地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell! I saw him there.Father kept him in and doing his lessons. Peter found his father in when he got home last night.2. 副词在句中的位置：（1）多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。Mr. Smith works very hard. She spea

30、ks English well.（2）频度副词often, always, never, seldom等作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。He usually gets up early. Ive never heard him singing. She is seldom ill.（3）程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面, 但enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。It is a rather difficult job. He runs very fast. He didnt work hard enough.（4）副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰

31、的名词之后。On my way home, I met my uncle. The students there have a lot of time to do their own research work.（5）地点副词和表示具体时间的副词一般放在句末。如果这两个副词同时出现在一个句子中，则地点副词在前，时间副词在后。Li Lei went there last night. Tom had a birthday party in a restaurant last Sunday.四 副词的构成和分类1. 副词的构成：多数副词是由形容词加后缀构成的。其变化有以下几种形式。（1）一般由形容

32、词词尾加-ly变成副词。如：quickquickly, suddensuddenly, realreally, slowslowly等。（2）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的要变y为i再加-ly。如：luckyluckily, happyhappily, angryangrily等。（3）以元音字母加辅音字母+e结尾的重读开音节，直接加-ly。如：safesafely, widewidely, politepolitely等。（4）以元音字母加+e结尾，去e再加-ly。如：truetruly等。（5）以辅音字母加-le结尾，去e再加-y。如：possiblepossibly, terribleterr

33、ibly等。（6）形容词与副词同形。如：fast, high, hard, early等。（7）形容词与副词异形。如：goodwell等。【注意】hard作形容词时意思是“困难的，硬的，生硬的”等；作副词时意思是“努力地”。hardly是否定副词，意思是“几乎不”。We should study at school. I can see anything in the dark room. The question is very for me to answer.2. 副词的分类：（1）时间副词：通常用来表示动作的时间。时间副词，尤其是表示具体时间的副词，一般放在句首或句尾。常见的时间副词有

34、：today, early, soon, now, then, recently, still等。He will be back . 他明天将回来。 we all went to the park. 昨天我们都去公园了。（2）地点副词：通常用来表示动作发生的地点。地点副词常置于句尾，有时可置于句首，一般不置于句中。几个地点状语连用时，大地方放在最后。常见的地点副词有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off,

35、on, in, out等。The children are playing . people are practicing speaking English. Please go straight the street. （3）方式副词：一般都是回答“怎样地？”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的，有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly，它们与形容词同形。常放在宾语之后或不及物动词之后。常见的方式副词有：anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, an

36、grily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。The birds are flying . He runs very . The old man walked home . Please listen to the teacher .（4）程度副词：多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。程度副词常放在被修饰的动词、形容词或其他副词前面，但当very修饰动词时，常与 much连用并置于句末。常见的程度副词有：much, (a) little,

37、 a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。Her pronunciation is good. I can agree with you. Tom is old to go to school.（5）疑问副词：是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。主要用来引导特殊疑问句，放在句首。常见的疑问副词有：how, when, where, why等。 are you getting along with your studi

38、es? were you yesterday? did you do that?（6）频度副词：是用来表示动作频率。常放在动词之前，或系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。其中sometimes也常置于句首。常见的频度副词有：always, often, never, usually, hardly, seldom（很少）等。I go out for a walk after supper. She is out on Sundays. (7)连接副词：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，在从句中作状语，通常放在句子或从句前面。常见的连接副词有：so, yet, then, how, when, w

39、here, why, whether, however, otherwise, meanwhile等。 I am going to kill the cat is still a question. That is everyone is afraid of the tiger.He wondered he could do it the next day. 他不知道第二天怎样做那事。(8)关系副词：用来引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，放在从句的前面。常见的关系副词有：when, where, why, how等。This is the place Mr Zhang once lived. Pl

40、ease tell me the way you have learned English so well.五 常见易混副词用法辨析（1）already、yet的用法辨析：在完成时中，already一般用于肯定句，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句。Have you done it ? 你已经做好了？I have not had my breakfast . 我还没有吃早饭呢。（2）later、after、ago、before的用法辨析：“一段时间+later/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”，主要用于过去时态。“after/before+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”，此时两个词是

41、介词。ago与before：ago只能用于过去时，before用于完成时。He had an accident a week . 一周前出了一个事故。Some years , the boy became a very famous singer. 数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家。Have you been there ? 你从前到过那儿吗？/ After a few years he gave up smoking. 过了几年他戒了烟。（3）above、below、over、under的用法辨析：在上下方用above和below，在高低处用over和under。当above、below、ov

42、er、under是介词性质时，意义相似。The stars are high in the sky. 星星高挂在空中。A plane flew quickly. 一架飞机从头顶飞过。（4）too、also、either、nor、as well的用法辨析：too“也”用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾，且用逗号隔开；as well用于肯定句的末尾；also“也”用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前；either“也”用于否定句末尾，也用逗号隔开；nor“也不”用于倒装句句首；Are you American, ? 你也是美国人吗？He is not happy and I am not happy, . 他不愉快，

43、我也不。You can find the market is very good. 你还可以发觉那个市场很好。He didnt watch the football game. did I. 他没有看足球赛，我也没有。My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher .=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher, . 我父亲是一位老师。我母亲也是一位老师。（5）enough、too、so、ver

44、y、quite、very much的用法辨析： enough“足够，十分”放在形容词或副词之后；too“太”、very“非常”、quite“相当”、so“如此地”等放在形容词或副词前，very much“非常”放在动词后。I dont like sweets . 我不很喜欢糖果。Its expensive. 它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。【注意】very与 much的区别：very修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词，much修饰形容词和副词的比较级；much还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词，very不可以。I dont like him . 我不太喜欢他。He is stupid. 他很

45、笨。The film was moving and everyone swept. 电影非常动人，大家都哭了。（6）sometimes、sometime、some times、some time的用法辨析：sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时、sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、some times(数次)表示次数、some time(一些时间)表示一段时间。如：I will stay here some time. 我会在这儿呆些时候。I will meet your father . 我什么时候要见你的父亲。 they go hiking in the mountains. 他们

46、有时徒步旅行到山里去。（7）how、what用于感叹句的用法辨析：对句子中的形容词或副词感叹时用how，对人或事物(可能含有形容词作修饰语)进行感叹用what。 a fine day (it is) today! 今天天气真好！ difficult (the problem is)!(问题)真难呀！（8）much too、too much的用法辨析：much too意为“太”，用来修饰形容词或副词；too much意为“太多”，用来修饰名词。（9）hard、hardly的用法辨析：hard作为副词意思是：“努力地，猛烈地”，hardly是否定词，意思是：“几乎不”，一般与情态动词can/cou

47、ld连用。They study English very . 他们英语学得很刻苦。You can see a person spit in a public place. 在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰。（10）“quite/what+a+形容词+名词”的用法辨析：记住：quite/such/what.+a+形容词+名词；too/so/how+形容词+a+名词；rather+a+形容词+名词=a+ rather+形容词+名词。It is a nice day for a walk. 这真是散步的好日子。I have never seen a strange guy. 我从未见过这样奇怪的

48、家伙。（11）how 的几个短语的用法辨析：how often“多常，每隔多久”，用于一般时态，对表示频度的词语进行提问；how soon“多久以后”，用于将来时态；how long“多久”，用于过去时、完成时或其他时态；how many time“多少次”，用于过去时或完成时，对总计次数进行提问；how much“多么，多少”，对程度进行提问，也可以对数量(不可数)或金钱进行提问。 have you been like this? 你这样已经多久了？ does he wash his face? 他每隔多久洗一次脸？（12）no more、no longer、not.any more、no.

49、any longer的用法辨析：表示时间，可以用no longer、not.ny more、no.any longer，而且no longer只能放在谓语动词之前；表示程度，可用no more、not.any more. He didnt smoke . 他不再抽烟。He lived there. 他不再住在那里。Tom wanted cakes. 他不想再要蛋糕。（13）too.to.与so.that.的用法辨析：副词too/so后面跟形容词或副词，to后面跟动词，that后面跟从句。too.to. “太以致不”是否定的结构，用于简单句；so.that.“如此以致”是肯定结构，用于复合句。T

50、he child is join the army. 这孩子年龄太小还不能参军。He is he can lift the heavy box. 他这么强壮，搬得动那个重箱子。（14）farther与further的用法辨析：表示地点、方向或距离时两个词同义，意思为“更远、较远”，但是further还表示“更多、进一步、额外”等意思，此时不能换为farther。This problem will be discussed. 这个问题还要进一步讨论。They decided to go the next day. 他们决定第二天走得再远些。（15）rather与quite的用法辨析：同very一

51、样，两个词都表示形容词或副词的程度，quite表示“不到最高程度但是比预料的好”，rather比quite更接近very的含义，含有令人惊讶的意思。见下面对“nice”程度的描绘：not nice; (fairly) nice; quite nice; rather nice; very nice。 not nice (fairly) nice quite nice rather nice very nice Its a nice film. 这是部好片子。(可能意味着不是一部最好的电影) Its a nice film. 这是部很不错的电影。(意味着比大多数电影都好)（16）maybe、po

52、ssibly、perhaps的用法辨析：maybe“可能、也许”，比另外两个词更不正式、更随便、可能性不大；possibly“可能地、或者、也许”，可能性较大，在否定句和疑问句中表示“无论如何”；perhaps“可能”，较为常用而且正式，可能性也不大。如：You could put it over there, . 也许你可以把它放在那边。I thought it was the letter you have been expecting. 我以为那也许就是你期盼的信件。（17）most、mostly的用法辨析：most作为形容词和名词时意思是“大多数的、大部分的”，作为副词时意思为“最，十

53、分、很”；mostly仅为副词，意思为“主要地、多半地、大部分地”。 children are naughty. 大部分的孩子都淘气。She is out on Sundays. 星期天她一般不在家。（18）lonely、alone 的用法辨析：alone 独自一人/没有同伴，既可作adj.也可作adv.lonely 表示孤独、寂寞，也可修饰地点，表示荒凉，偏僻的，常与feel 连用。alone 只作表语 (以a开头的形容词一般只作表语，不作定语)而lonely 既可作表语，也可作定语。He lives alone on a island. He is , but he doesnt feel

54、 .（19）almost、nearly的用法辨析：两个词意思相近，都表示“几乎、将近”，大多数情况下可以互换，与否定词连用时用almost不用nearly，almost no 相当于hardly any(几乎没有)。We are there. 我们几乎就到那里了。 He had done nothing today. 他今天几乎没有干什么。 understood his words. 几乎没有人懂他的话。（20）a bit、a little的用法辨析：这两个名词短语经常当作副词使用，修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级，可以互换，语气比rather弱。另外，a little可以直接加不可数名词，a

55、bit 则采用“a bit + of +名词(不可数或可数名词复数)”的形式。 colder than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷了点。This digital camera is expensive. 这台数码相机有点贵。I have got a cold. 我有点感冒。/ Go and get a little water for me, please. 请你去给我搞点水来。【注意】not a bit(=not at all)意为“根本不”，而 not a little=very意为“非常，不是一点“。（21）now、just、just now的用法辨析now：与一般现在时、现在进

56、行时、现在完成时连用，意为“现在”。just：与现在完成时连用，表示“刚”；just now：和过去时连用，表示“刚才”。 Where does he live now? We have just seen the film. He was here just now. （22）so、such的用法辨析so修饰形容词或副词；such 修饰名词。so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数；such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数；such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词。名词前有many, much, few, little (少量的) 用so不用such (多多少少仍用so)，但little 表示

57、“小的”用such. My brother runs fast that I cant follow him. He is a boy.He is so clever a boy.=He is a clever boy. It is cold weather. They are good students.There are many people. There is little time that we cant finish the work on time.They are little children that they cant do anything. He is a litt

58、le boy.（23）(be) worth、(be) worthy of的用法辨析：worth一般被看作是介词，后面接名词或者动名词，用主动表示被动含义，还可以用副词well修饰；worthy of表示“值得的、配得上的”，后面跟动名词的被动形式。The house ￥300,000. 房子价值30万元。It is a thing of being seen. 这是一个值得看的东西。This book is well reading several times. 这本书值得好好读几遍.What is worth at all is worth doing well. 凡是值得做的，就值得好好去

59、做。（24）asas常构成一些词组的用法辨析：as soon as(一旦就)，as well as(同样)，as+形容词/副词+as possible(尽可能地)。【注意】“as long / much as + 名词”可以表示“长达/多达”的含义。Please ring me up you get to Beijing. 请你一到北京就给我写信。Miss Gao hurried to the school gate . 高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。They stayed in the cave(山洞) two weeks. 他们呆在山洞里长达两周。The house costs five hu

60、ndred thousand yuan. 那幢房子花费高达50万元。（25）fast、quickly、soon的用法辨析：fast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点。quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快，总共延续的时间很短，常指人的思维快，手快或动作敏捷等。soon 侧重指两件事情的先后发生，中间的间隔的时间很短。The Class1 runner runs very . 一班的运动员跑得非常快。She cooked the supper.她迅速地做好了晚饭。Please write to me .请尽快给我写信。三、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级构成规律（一）规则变化1. 一般在词尾直

61、接加er或est。如：tall-taller-tallest; long-longer-longest; soon-sooner-soonest; hard-harder-hardest等。2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st。如：nice-nicer-nicest, late-later-latest等。3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est。如：heavy-heavier-heaviest; early-earlier-earliest等。4. 重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est。如：big-bigger-biggest

62、等。【注意】大，红，湿，热，悲，瘦，胖；双写末辅再变级。（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat）5. 部分双音节词和多音节词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如：often-more often-most often; beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful等。【注意】表示否定意义的比较级和最高级可以在其前加less /least。如：important-less important-least important等。English is more interesting than Chinese =

63、Chinese is less interesting than English.6. 由“形容词+ly”构成的副词，分别是在原级前加more构成比较级和在原级前加most构成最高级。如：slowly-more slowly-most slowly；quickly-more quickly- most quickly等。但early(形容词)-earlier-earliest例外。（二）不规则变化（好坏多少老远）原 级比较级最高级good好的 更好的 最好的well好；(身体)好的bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 更糟糕的，更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 最糟糕的，最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的i

64、ll(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数) 更多的；更 最多的；最much许多的(不可数)；非常little少的 更少的 最少的old旧的，老的，年长的 较旧的，较老的 最旧的，最老的 较年长的 最年长的far远的；远地 (指距离)更远的；更远地 (指距离)最远的/地 (指程度)进一步的/地 (指程度)最深刻的/地下列单、双音节词只能加more和most。如：like, real, right, glad, tired, pleased, often, exact等。【注意】有些形容词如：dead, empty, sure, round, woolen等无比较级和最高级。六 形容词、副词比较等

65、级的用法（一）原级的用法 讲述某人/物自身的情况时，用原级。只能修饰原级的词有：very, quite, so, too, rather。基本句型为：“主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(very/too/so/quite/rather)+形容词/副词原级 +其它.”He is very old now. They ran quite fast. The weather looks rather bad. I am so happy! 原级常用的句型结构 表示两者之间没有差别时，即A= B，使用句型：“A +谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.”Tom is as old as

66、Kate. He is as excited as his younger sister. Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady. 表示A比不上B时，即AB，使用句型：“A+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B+其它.”（so只能用于否定句中，as既可以用于肯定句也可以用于否定句中）This room is not as/so big as that one.He doesnt walk as slowly as you.【注意】在as . as结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词

67、之间，不可放在形容词之前。asas结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰。She is as good a teacher as your father. 她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。“as (so)+名词+as+名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as。not so muchas (或notso much as)的意思是“不如那样多”或“与其说是不如说是”。Henry is not so much a writer as a reporter. 与其说亨利

68、是一个作家不如说是一个记者。They werent so much islands as sandbars. 与其说那是些岛屿，还不如说都是些沙洲。 表示“相当于的一半/两倍/三倍”等时，用“half/twice/three/four/times as+形容词原级+as”句型。This book is half as thick as that one. This garden is ten times as large as that one. “the same名词as”表示同等比较。Im the same tall as you. （二）比较级的用法1. 比较级常用句型结构： 表示两者比

69、较，A超过B时，用比较级。基本句型为：“A+谓语动词(系动词)+形容词/副词比较级+than+B+ 其它”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。He works harder than I. This book didnt cost me more than that one. 表示两者比较，A不及B时，用比较级。句型是：“A+谓语动词+less+(多音节形/副)比较级+than+B+其它”。I think English is less difficult than maths. Do you thi

70、nk it less important to learn a foreign language? “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中较的一个”。Wang Gang is the taller of the two boys. Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. “比较级+ and+比较级”表示“越来越”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more+多音节形容词或副词原级”。The weather is getting warmer and warmer. The days are g

71、etting longer and longer. He becomes fatter and fatter. English is becoming more and more important. “The + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越越”、“越就越”The more trees we plant, the better it will be.The harder you try, the greater your progress is. “特殊疑问词+be+形容词/副词的比较级+甲or乙？”用于两者之间的比较。Which do you like better, the bl

72、ue coat or the white coat?2. 需注意的比较级的用法： 比较级前还可以用a little, much, far, a lot, still, even等来修饰。以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。Tom looks even younger than before.Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two. than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。My pencil is longer than yours (your pencil). 用比较级表示最高级含义的常用句型有： 比较级+than+any

73、other+单数名词。Xiaoming is taller than any other boy in his class.=Xiaoming is taller than(any of)the other boys in his class.=Xiaoming is the tallest boy in his class. 比较级+than+the other+复数名词。Tom is taller than the other boys in our class. 比较级+than+anyone else。Tom is taller than anyone else in our clas

74、s. 比较级+than+all other+复数名词。This building is higher than all other buildings in Beijing. Nobody else+比较级+than 。Nobody else is taller than Tom in our class. 有关的否定词+比较级。如：No other books has had a greater influence on my work and study.I never read a more interesting book.（三）最高级的用法1. 最高级常用句型结构： 表示三者或三者以

75、上进行比较用最高级。基本句型为：主语+谓语动+形容词/副词最高级+in/of/among+表示比较范围的名词、短语或从句。（of/among+人或物的复数形式，表示“在之中的；在中”；“in+地点、范围”表示“在之中”。He runs fastest in our class. This is the biggest apple I have ever met. He is the best among the students.“one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最之一”。He is one of the cleverest students in our class.

76、 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. “特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn?2. 需注意的最高级的用法： 副词的最高级前the 可省掉。如：Of all the boys he came (the) earliest. 形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，但如果形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，其前不加the；若两个最高级并列使用，后一个最高级前也可

77、以不加the。 most 同形容词连用而不用 the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。 最高级可被序数词及much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like等词语所修饰。He is our best friend. Liu Fang is the youngest and shortest girl in our class. Its most dangerous to be here. I cannot do it, its most difficult. Its todays most i

78、mportant news.This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest. How much did the second most expensive hat coat? The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.题组1 形容词和副词填空1.(lucky), she was a quick learner.2. “But you know its a great life and w

79、ere learning so much on our journey,” says William (proud). 3.Carmen loves the (Australia)singer very much.4.Its one of southern Africas (hot) places, and there is often no water.5.After that,Orion wanted to make an even (big)influence.6.If someone is treated (kind), it can make their day brighter a

80、nd encourage that person to be kind to somebody else.7.My parents and I had a (wonder) journey to Hainan. 8.The little boy was (interest) in all of these subjects, especially in math.9.For him, the quiet night was a (value) time to focus on translation.10.I thought about his words very (careful)and

81、then understood everything.11.But there need to be (strict)health rules than ever. Most programs will not be allowed to have more than 30 kids.12.Of all the musical instruments, the drums were (interesting)to Beth.13.His smile was even (bright)than the sun.14.But then she stopped and looked at Mr Ha

82、ppy (angry).15.I got a cheap and simple room, much (small) than my own room back home.16.Thanks to others help, we live much(happily) than before.17.“Could you please bring it over here?”asked one boy (polite).题组2选择题1（2023青海统考中考真题）“We made our dreams come true through _ work,” Chinese astronaut Liu

83、Yang shared her stories on Chinas Space Day.AhardBlazyCeasy2（2023湖北十堰统考中考真题）As far as I know, the high-speed railway from Shiyan to Xian will be finished soon.Yeah. It will be more _ for us to travel to Xian.AdangerousBdifficultCconvenientDtraditional3（2023山东青岛统考中考真题）We should eat _ fruit and vegeta

84、bles to keep healthy.AfreeBfreshCsoftDsweet4（2023山东东营统考中考真题）A new study shows that sunshine can make men feel _. They will eat more food after receiving UVB rays (紫外线) from the sun.AhotBsickCsleepyDhungry5（2023山东东营统考中考真题）Short-form videos can _ catch peoples eyes. Thats one reason why lots of people

85、 spend hours on Douyin.AeasilyBwidelyCluckilyDseriously6（2023江苏徐州中考真题）My cousin is _. He never forgets the things he needs to do.AenergeticBcuriousCorganizedDconfident7（2023江苏徐州中考真题）Mum opened the door _ because she didnt want to wake up her baby.AangrilyBloudlyCquicklyDquietly8（2023辽宁丹东统考中考真题）Why a

86、re you so _?Because my pet dog is dead.ApleasedBactiveCsadDfriendly9（2023辽宁丹东统考中考真题）You should drive _ on rainy days to keep safe.AquicklyBhappilyCslowlyDcarelessly10（2023辽宁丹东统考中考真题）Jim can carry the heavy box because he is much _ than the others in his class.AstrongerBthinnerCsmallerDweaker11（2023四

87、川雅安统考中考真题） Mike plays basketball well. Do you know him? Sure. He is also one of _ basketball players in our class.AtallBthe tallerCtallestDthe tallest12（2023湖北恩施中考真题）Ill remember the teachers who _ me forever.Me, too. They have taught us a lot.Aare good atBare short ofCare strict with13（2023江苏宿迁统考中考

88、真题）Hua Huaa panda at Chengdu Giant Panda Base is _ because of her cute looks.ApopularBpublicCproperDprivate14（2023辽宁统考中考真题）The tomato and beef soup tastes _. Id like a little more.AharmfulBfunnyCterribleDdelicious15（2023北京统考中考真题）Which do you like _, swimming or skating? Swimming.AwellBbetterCbestDth

89、e best16（2023辽宁抚顺统考中考真题）I feel _ to grow vegetables on the school farm tomorrow. I cant wait.AexcitedBsurprisedCworriedDafraid17（2023吉林长春统考中考真题）Nothing is _ than a glass of water when you are thirsty.AniceBnicerCnicestDthe nicest18（2023江苏无锡统考中考真题）Thank goodness! The virus is gone.Well, its _ to say

90、that. Youd better still wear a mask in public.Atoo lateBlate enoughCtoo earlyDearly enough19（2023江苏无锡统考中考真题）Dressing up as a ghost is _ unusual in our culture. People think it will bring bad luck.AhardlyBhardChighlyDhigh20（2023江苏无锡统考中考真题）Stop asking _ questions. Everyone is laughing at you.Aso wiseB

91、such wiseCso sillyDsuch silly21（2023辽宁沈阳统考中考真题）The delicious food and _ waiters made us happy with the restaurant.AslowBtiredCawfulDpolite22（2023江苏泰州中考真题）Tips: For our own safety, wed better not stand under big trees on _ days in summer.AsunnyBcloudyCrainyDfoggy23（2023新疆中考真题）Siheyuan is a kind of _

92、building around China with a history of more than 3,000 years.AcentralBTraditionalCmusicalDnational24（2023新疆中考真题）If we dont go in the right direction, well get lost _ .Certainly. The proper direction is like a light in the dark.AlatelyBQuietlyCeasilyDdifferently25（2023四川遂宁中考真题）Give me a hand, Jim. I

93、 have to climb up the tree to get my kite.Better not. You have to take your safety _.AseriouslyBcompletelyCcomfortablyDslowly26（2023辽宁统考中考真题）My mother was very happy because she bought a beautiful scarf _ online.AcheaplyBbadlyCactivelyDsafely27（2023辽宁统考中考真题）I have trouble with my English.Johns Engli

94、sh is the _ in our class. You can ask him for help.AworstBbestCfastestDslowest28（2023辽宁统考中考真题）We should be _ our parents. They have done a lot for us.Athirsty forBthankful toCangry withDsimilar to29（2023黑龙江牡丹江统考中考真题）A man should be strict with himself, but be _ to others.AsimilarBharmfulCfriendly30（

95、2023黑龙江牡丹江统考中考真题）We should spend our pocket money（零花钱）_ and use it to do something meaningful.AwiselyBpolitelyCquietly31（2023辽宁营口中考真题）Hearing the 19th Asian Games would be held in Hangzhou, China, we could _ control our feeling of pride.AreallyBhardlyCnearlyDclearly32（2023辽宁营口中考真题）ChatGPT can make a

96、 plan _ than we do.Amuch quicklyBmore quickCeven quickDfar more quickly33（2023辽宁营口中考真题）The football match was put off as a result of the _ weather.AwonderfulBexcitingCdifficultDawful34（2023吉林统考中考真题）Tian Xin has good eating habits, so she is very _.AkindBhealthyCfriendly35（2023湖北鄂州统考中考真题）Is Julie as

97、tall as you?No, she isnt. Shes _ than me.AtallBtallerCtallestDthe tallest36（2023黑龙江统考中考真题）The population of Heilongjiang is _ than _ of Shanghai. The birthrate is low, so our government encourages a second or a third child.Asmaller; thoseBless; itCsmaller; that37（2023黑龙江绥化统考中考真题）After doing sports,

98、he is _ of the boys.AstrongBstrongerCthe strongest38（2023黑龙江绥化统考中考真题）As far as we know, China is _ the Great Wall.Afamous forBpopular withCregarded as39（2023黑龙江绥化统考中考真题） The old man lives _, so he may feel _. We should visit him twice a month.Aalone; lonelyBlonely; aloneCalone; alone40（2023黑龙江齐齐哈尔统考

99、中考真题）Remember this, kids. The harder you work, the _ you will be.AworseBluckierCeasier41（2023四川乐山统考中考真题）My geography teacher lives an active life. She looks _ than she really is.AyoungByoungerCyoungest42（2023四川乐山统考中考真题）Its a long way from our school to the museum! You mean its _ to take a taxi.Apopu

100、larBnecessaryCimportant43（2023湖南株洲统考中考真题）ChatGPT is one of _ applications these days.AhotBhotterCthe hottest44（2023广西统考中考真题）Our village becomes _ than before because of “Beautiful Villages” project.AcheaperBlongerCcleaner45（2023湖南郴州统考中考真题）Its one of _ things in the world to stay with our family memb

101、ers.Athe happiestBhappierChappy46（2023福建统考中考真题）To tell the truth, I am now feeling very _.Take it easy. Youll make it.ApeacefulBnervousCconfident47（2023福建统考中考真题） How do you like my poem Moonlight? I _ it. Its about the beauty of nature.Aam interested inBam worried aboutCam thankful for48（2023湖北荆州统考中

102、考真题）The food in the restaurant is great, isnt it?Yes, its fine. I just dont like the environment. The music is too _.AtalentedBusefulCnoisyDbeautiful49（2023湖北荆州统考中考真题）The girls are talking about the art festival _.Yes, they have so many fun things to share.AsuddenlyBsadlyCBadlyDhappily题组3语法选择What ar

103、e some of 1 scientific discoveries (发现) in the history of mankind? How have they changed our lives? Read the following story and you are 2 to find your answers.There was once a(n) 3 scientist who made several important discoveries. Once he was asked how he was able to be so 4. He replied that it all

104、 came from an experience he had with his mother when he was 2 years old. He was trying to take a bottle of milk out of the refrigerator. But the bottle was too slippery(滑的) and he dropped it. The kitchen floor was covered with milk.When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him or

105、 punishing him, she said, “Robert, 5 you have made!I have never seen 6 puddle of milk. Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?”So he did. After a few minutes, they cleaned it up together. Then his mother said, “This was a failed experiment in how to carry a 7 bott

106、le of milk with two tiny hands. Lets go out in the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it.”The little boy learned that if he held the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. 8 the lesson is!

107、The scientist then added that it was at that moment that he knew he didnt need to be 9 to make mistakes. He learned that mistakes are just opportunities to learn 10which is, after all, what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment doesnt “work”, we can still learn something valua

108、ble from it.1.A.bigB.biggerC.biggest D.the biggest2.A.sureB.interestingC.happyD.easy3.A.powerfulB.importantC.famousD.common4.A.creativeB.friendlyC.popularD.humorous5.A.what wonderful messB.how a wonderful messC.how wonderful messD.what a wonderful mess6.A.so hugeB.so a hugeC.such hugeD.such a huge7.

109、A.bigB.smallC.goodD.full8.A.How greatB.How a greatC.What greatD.What a great9.A.angryB.afraidC.sorryD.careful10.A.new somethingB.something newC.new anythingD.anything new短文填空Healthy eating tips for busy studentsAs a student, you are often under a lot of stress. You may find it 1 to avoid(避免) bad hab

110、its. But having a healthy diet can help you feel 2. It really isnt that hard to start eating healthily.Eat a good breakfastStudies show that skipping breakfast(不吃早餐)is 3 for students study. When there is no time for you to sit down and enjoy your morning meal, you can have some eggs, fruit and some

111、juice on your way.Keep healthy snacks on handIf you are 4 during night or the break between classes, you can enjoy them at any time.Drink lots of waterWater is one of the 5 important things that keep us alive.Your body needs at least eight glasses of water a day. And if you often exercise, you may n

112、eed more. Remind yourself to carry a water bottle when you go to the classroom and keep it handy during a late study night.Here are my tips for you. I hope these can be helpful.1.2.3.4.5.题组4. 语法选择There was a businessman who was deep in debt (债务) and could see no way out. He 1 sat on a park bench, he

113、ad in his hands.2, an old man appeared before him. “I can see that something is troubling you,” he said. After listening to the businessmans story, the old man wrote out a check (支票), and put it in his hand, saying, “Take it and pay me 3 here exactly one year from today.” Then he turned and disappea

114、red as 4 as he had come.The businessman saw in his hand a check for $500,000, signed by John D. Rockefeller, one of the 5 men in the world!“I can pay off my debts in a second!” he realized. But 6, the businessman decided to put the check in his safe (保险箱). Just knowing it was there might give him th

115、e power to save his business, he thought.He went back and worked 7 to make his business successful. Within several months, he was out of debt and making money 8.9 one year later, he returned to the park with the check. At the agreed-upon time, the old man appeared. Behind the old man was a nurse. Th

116、e nurse spoke to the businessman and said that the old man was mentally(精神上) ill and was 10 telling people he was John D. Rockefeller.The businessman was shocked to hear this. All year long hed been buying and selling, believing that he had half a million dollars behind him. Suddenly, he realized th

117、at it wasnt the money, real or imagined, that had turned his life around. It was his new-found self-confidence that gave him the power to achieve anything he went after.1.A.angrilyB.hopelesslyC.happilyD.luckily2.A.FinallyB.ActuallyC.SuddenlyD.Recently3.A.backB.onC.forD.down4.A.slowlyB.quicklyC.more

118、quicklyD.most quickly5.A.richB.richerC.richestD.most rich6.A.howeverB.soC.thereforeD.instead7.A.hardB.hardlyC.harderD.more hardly8.A.once againB.at allC.after allD.any more9.A.FinallyB.ExactlyC.SoonD.Actually10.A.neverB.hardlyC.alwaysD.seldom短文填空Santa Claus was not always a happy old man. He did not

119、 always have long white whiskers(胡子), and he did not 1 wear a big red suit.Long 2, he lived in the North Pole, and his yearly Christmas visits brought joy to all the children around the world. Santa Claus was a child himself. He was once 3 an ordinary boy named Nicholas. His parents named him Nichol

120、as, which means “hero of the people”.Even at a young age, Nicholas often helped the people in his village. He shared his meals with those who had nothing to eat. At a very young age, Nicholas joined the church. It was his duty to help people. He gave special attention to the children of his village,

121、 and they loved Nicholas 4 than anyone else in the village. 5 Nicholas became well-known for his good deeds(善事). He often wore a long red robe with a red hat, and he traveled on horseback. At every village, children would see his bright robe from a long distance and gather on the road to greet him happily. For all of his good deeds, Nicholas was named a saint(圣人). Later, people began to celebrate St. Nicholas good deeds on Christmas Day.1.2.3.4.5.