人教版必修五第10讲：Unit5First aid-语法篇（学生版）.docx

1、Unit5 First aid-语法篇_1. 学会if引导的省略句的用法；2. 能够使用if引导的省略句的知识点作对相关题目，灵活使用。省略句种类例句说明主语的省略Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day), isnt it?Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea.)有时也可省略整个句子的主语和谓语，只保留次要成分。She was poor but (she was) honest.-Did you know anything about the

2、accident?-Not until you told me. (= I didnt know anything about it until you told me.)谓语的省略-what do you think made Mary so upset?-Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset).状语从句的省略Seen from the plane (when it is seen from the plane), the house looks like tiny toys.If (it is) possible, Ill go there

3、with you.注意状语从句中的主语同主句主语的一致性。不定式的省略The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street.)-Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?-I was going to (come yesterday), but I had an unexpected visitor.若不定式后面是完成时，省略时应保留have；不定式后含有动词be的结构时，也要保

4、留be动词。-Did you tell him the news?-I ought to have (told him the news), but I didnt know how to speak.-Are you an engineer?-No, but I want to be.状语从句中的省略用法一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were）可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。1. when, while引导的时间状语从句e.g. 当你过马路的时候一定要小心。Do be careful when (you are)

5、 crossing the street.在我去工作的路上，我遇见了她。When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her.2. if , unless，once引导的条件状语从句e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.我不会去晚会的，除非我被邀请。Ill not go to the party unless (I am) invited.一旦你在超市里被抓到偷东西，你会受到惩罚的。Once (you are) caught stealing

6、 in a supermarket, you will be punished.3. though, although, whether, no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句e.g. 他很开心，尽管他很贫穷。He was happy, though/although (he was) poor.他虽然年轻但懂得很多。Though (he is) young, he knows a lot. No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time.（注：从句的主语和主句

7、的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式）4. as if, as though引导的方式状语从句e.g.She lay there, as if (she was) dead. （省略的主语和主句的主语一致）He opened his lips as if (he were going) to say something. 他张开嘴唇，好像要说什么话似的。He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作）二、than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从

8、句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。e.g. He is taller than his brother (is). I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him.三、以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is, that is, there is/are。E.g.如果有必要的话，这个老庙会被重新修建。 If (it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will

9、 be rebuilt. If (that is) so, I will call you back at 5:00 pm. There are only a few books in our school library, if (there are) any.四、定语从句中的省略用法关系词的省略 关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。e.g. 你昨天拜访的那个人是我的祖父。The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night i

10、s my grandpa. 我不喜欢你对待这个女孩的方式。 I dont like the way (in which/that) you treat the girl.五、虚拟语气中if及should的省略1. 当条件状语从句中有were, had, should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句。e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. = Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students.2. Suggest, insist, order, re

11、quire等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略。e.g. 医生建议他尽力去减肥。The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight.六、 So和not的替代性省略用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think, Im afraid等连用e.g. Do you suppose he is going

12、 to attend the meeting? I suppose not. Can you finish your work today? 我认为能。I think so . 我认为不能。I dont think so . / I think not . 七、日常交际中的省略在情景会话中，答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分，而只保留对方希望了解的内容。在复合句或并列句中，也有省略主、谓、宾的情况。e.g. How many copies do you want? - (I want) Three copies, please. - Have you ever been to th

13、e Great Wall? - No, (I have) never (been to the Great Wall).注意：1. 感官动词see, hear, feel, watch等和使役动词have, make, let等后接不定式作宾语时，不定式省略to。2. do nothing but, cant help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。e.g. 我们昨天只是仅仅呆在家里看电视了。We didnt do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday. 听到这个消息，她禁不住哭了。 Hearing the news, she co

14、uldnt help but cry.3. 在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want, wish, hope, try, plan, like, love, hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be, have时，也保留be和have。e.g. My parents encouraged me to go to college, （但是我不想去）but I didnt want to.1. (2019哈尔滨师范大学附属中学月考)All of the clothes in the shop are sold at half price, _otherwise

15、noted.A. asB. ifC. untilD. unless2. (2019陕西咸阳高考模拟考试二)Just now the patient opened her mouth as if _something to her husband.A. saidB. sayC. to sayD. to have said3. (2019哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁实验中学一联)Hi, are you an engineer in Lenovo Group?No, but I_.A. want toB. want to beC. want soD. want it4. (2019济宁模拟)As

16、is often the case, little Tom, if_, is most likely to stop crying soon.A. left ignoringB. left ignoredC. leaving ignoringD. leaving ignored5. (2019佳木斯一中高三第四次调研)He is ready to help others, seldom, _refusing them when they turn to him.A. if neverB. if everC. if notD. if any基础演练一、单项填空1. Whats the matte

17、r with Della?Well, her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party, but she still _.A. hopes to B. hopes soC. hopes not D. hopes for2. Some of you may have finished Unit one._, you can go on to Unit two.A. If you may B. If you doC. If not D. If so3. Have you got any particular plans for the coming

18、holiday?Yes._, Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city.A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible4. The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which5. Will the Smiths leave for Australia this spring?No, they fina

19、lly decided _.A. not to leave B. not leaving C. not to D. not to be leaving6. He decided not to say anything at the meeting unless _.A. asking to B. to ask to C. asked to D. ask to7. Have you watered the flowers?No, but _.A. I am B. Im going C. Im just going to D. I will go8. _ he come tomorrow, I w

20、ould let you know.A. Would B. Should C. Shall D. If9. Did you have a good time in Thailand last week?_.It was too hot.A. Not really B. Yeah, why not C. Oh, great D. Youre right10. I listen to English every day over the radio._interesting.A. Sounds B. Sounding C. It is sounded D. Sound11. Do you thin

21、k we will have a long holiday next month?_.A. I believe not B. I believe not so C. I dont believe it D. I dont believe12. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and _.A. the other is white B. another whiteC. the other white D. another is white13. If the food tastes nice, well buy so

22、me; if _, _.A. no; no B. not; notC. not; no D. no; not14. Who should be responsible for the accident?The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order _.A. as told B. as are toldC. as telling D. as they told15. My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay?_.A

23、nd Ill be glad to meet your parents.A. I think so B. Id love toC. Im sure D. I hope so巩固提高一、句型转换(使用省略来改写句子) 1. She works hard. It is no wonder that she passed the exam.She works hard._ _ _ _ _ _.2. They havent completed the project，but they ought to have completed it.They havent completed the projec

24、t，_ _ _ _ _.3. It is well done._ _.4. Errors, if there are any, should be corrected.Errors, _ _, should be corrected.5. If we had gone to the party, we would have known the fact._ _ _ _ _ _, we would have known the fact.二、用省略结构翻译句子1. 她想学好英语，但不知道怎么学。_2. 他建议我们去看电影。_3. 他不像过去那样早起床了。_4. 她除了等待另一个机会什么也不能做。

25、_5. 尽管被告知了很多次，她仍然犯了同样的错误。_三、短文改错When I first learned to write in English，I ran into much difficulties. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her advice and should put down 100 words or

26、 so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me.1.

27、When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss. A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned 3. The man we followed s

28、uddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see 4. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken 5. Unless _ to speak,

29、 you should remain silent at the conference.A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 6. When _ , the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completedB. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 7. Though _ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university. A. lac

30、ked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in 8. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 9. You re always working. Come on, lets go shopping. _ you ever want to do is going shopping. A. Anything B. Something C. AllD. That

31、10. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 11. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 12. It is easy to do the re

32、pair. _ you need is a hammer and some nails. A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything 13. Thats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ hes done for you.A. something B. anything C. all D. that 14. As youve never been there before, Ill have someone _ you the way. A. to show B. show C. s

33、howingD. showed 15. Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? Not at all, _ . A. I have no time B. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Id be happy to 16. Does your brother intend to study German? Yes, he intends _ . A. / B. to C. so D. that 17. Would you like to go to the Grand

34、 Theatre with me tonight? _ . A. Yes, Id like to go to the Grand Theatre B. Id like to, but I have an exam tomorrow C. No, I wont D. Thats right 18. You should have thanked her before you left. I meant _ , but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere. A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing to 19. _

35、it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. WereB. Should C. WouldD. Will 20. _ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. Were C. Had it not been D. If they were not 21. I will know what was on his mind at the time, nor wi

36、ll _ .A. anyone B. anyone elseC. no one D. no one else 22. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither _ any end to their influence on mans lives. A. there isB. there are C. is there D. are there 23. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! _ . A. Nor am I B. Neith

37、er would I C. Same with me D. So do I _一、单项填空1. Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated _ a wonderful dinner.A. to B. with C. for D. on2. Life is very hard in the city. In order to escape _ some people drink alcohol.A. character B. evidenceC. pressure D. temper3. A traffic accident ha

38、ppened and a great many people were _.A. destroyed B. wounded C. damaged D. injured4. Now a lot of new technology can _ problems in industry.A. be applied to solve B. be applied to solvingC. apply to solve D. apply to solving5. The fellow felt rather _ as he was the only person that wore sportswear

39、at the party.A. in place B. out of placeC. by the way D. in the way6. If he isnt sure about something，he will ask the same question _ until he is sure about it.A. sooner or later B. over and over againC. no more D. more or less7. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he were _ from the ou

40、tside world.A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through8. If we learn some knowledge of first aid, it can make a real _ in time of accidents.A. appointment B. decision C. deal D. difference9. How long has your grandma _?About three months.A. fallen ill B. been ill C. fall ill D. be ill10. She was

41、 about to go out _ the doorbell rang.A. while B. as C. then D. when11. _ students with their teachers _ outing to have a good weekend.A. Many a; goesB. A large number of; wentC. A large amount of; wentD. A lot of; has gone12. It was _ he came back from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would lik

42、e to marry.A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when13. Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him _.A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to14. We dont doubt _ we will complete all the project before the year 2019.A. when B. if C.

43、that D. whether15. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. when taking B. when takenC. when to take D. when to be taken16. You must take your raincoat with you. Dont get _in the rain.A. to be caught B. catching C. to catch D. caught17. I won the first prize

44、and you can imagine how excited I was when the Mayor _ me with the reward.A. provided B. supplied C. presented D. charged18. Which material can be thrown into the sea _on the nature of the material?A. depended B. depending C. to depend D. depends19. Whats wrong with your left arm?A bee has bitten it

45、 and it is_.A. swelled up B. swelling down C. swelling up D. swelled down20. Many laidoff workers have_ the government_ the newlybuilt apartments.A. applied for; to B. applied; for C. applied to; for D. applied to; /二、完形填空If you see someone drowning，speed is very important. Once you get him out of t

46、he _1_, if he isnt _2_, you have four minutes before his brain is completely _3_.Support his neck, tilt(使翘起)his head back and press his chin(下巴)upwards. This _4_ the tongue blocking the airway in the throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesnt _5_, start mouthtomouth br

47、eathing. Press his nostrils (鼻孔) together with your _6_.Open your _7_ wide and take a deep breath. Blow into his lungs until his chest _8_. Then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat twelve times a minute. Keep doing _9_ help arrives.To bring a child back to _10_, keep your lips around

48、his mouth and nose and gently _11_ his mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to _12_ the blood with oxygen. If, _13_ your efforts, he starts turning a blue grey color, you can _14_ no pulse, then pressing is the _15_ chance of saving his life.With arms straight, rock(摆动)forwards

49、pressing down on the lower half of the breastbones. Dont be too hard _16_ you may break a rib(肋骨). Check how effective you are seeing if his color _17_ or his pulse becomes independent to your chest _18_ .If this _19_, stop the pressing. Otherwise _20_ until the rescue arrives.1. A. groundB. roomC.

50、waterD. forest2. A. dyingB. breathingC. swimmingD. crying3. A. destroyedB. coveredC. thinkingD. moved4. A. keepsB. makesC. doesD. stops5. A. workB. matterC. breatheD. start6. A. feetB. armC. fingersD. face7. A. eyesB. handC. mouthD. tongue8. A. fallsB. movesC. becomes warmD. rises9. A. whenB. afterC

51、. asD. until10. A. speakB. lifeC. safetyD. smile11. A. touchB. pressC. openD. blow into12. A. makeB. fillC. produceD. watch13. A. as a result of B. because ofC. in spite ofD. thinking of14. A. feelB. getC. watchD. see15. A. bestB. firstC. latestD. last16. A. butB. orC. soD. since17. A. improvesB. ch

52、angesC. remains the sameD. is still good18. A. hittingB. touchingC. pressingD. moving19. A. doesB. happensC. worksD. disappears20. A. pressingB. keepC. goD. continue三、阅读理解Brian arrived at the San Francisco airport two hours before the flight to Paris. He was wearing three shirts, a jacket, two pairs

53、 of socks, a pair of shorts, and two pairs of jeans. He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didnt have any other luggage. Brian needed to meet a man named Tony before he checked in for his flight. He found Tony near the Air France counter. Tony gave him a roundtrip ticket an

54、d a small package.“Give this package to JeanPaul at the airport in Paris. He will have a sign with your name on it. I think you can find him easily, ”Tony said.“You dont have any luggage, right?”“Only this backpack,” Brian answered.“You said I could bring one carryon bag.”“Thats right. One carryon b

55、ag is fine. Have a good trip.”“Thanks.”Is Brian a criminal(犯罪)? Not at all. He is an air courier. And he paid only $110 for the roundtrip ticket to Paris. Air couriers get cheap airline tickets because they take important packages and papers to foreign countries. Businesses sometimes need to get pac

56、kages and papers to people in foreign countries by the next day. Often, the only way they can do this is to use an air courier company. It is not cheap for a business to send a package with an air courier, but it is quick.Every year about 80,000 people worldwide travel as aircouriers. The number of

57、tickets for the aircourier travel is growing by about 10 percent a year. However, aircourier travel isnt for everyone. But if you have very little money, can be flexible(灵活的) about your travel plans, and dont mind wearing the same clothes for a week, it can be a great way to take a vacation!1. Why w

58、as Brian wearing so many clothes for his travel?A. Because they were the uniforms for aircouriers.B. Because that made him easier to be recognized.C. Because his backpack had no room for his clothes.D. Because he did not have any luggage with him.2. An aircourier is a person who _.A. manages a busin

59、ess company in foreign countriesB. organizes international flights for touristsC. travels around the world with cheap ticketsD. delivers papers and packages to foreign countries3. One of the disadvantages of traveling as an aircourier is that he _.A. cannot decide when and where to travelB. cannot t

60、ake any luggage with himC. has to wear two pairs of jeansD. saves little money from the travel4. The author of the text mainly _.A. describes the activities of a lawbreakerB. suggests an ideal way to travelC. argues against the aircourier travelD. tells us about a developing businessAlmost no young

61、people today know who the cartoon character Oswald the Rabbit is, but they certainly recognize his successor, Bugs Bunny. Oswald, Bugs, and hundreds of other characters were created by Walt Disney, perhaps the most famous cartoonist in history.Born in Chicago in 1901, Walt Disney always wanted to be

62、 an artist. After returning from World War , in which he drove an ambulance, Disney worked as a commercial artist. He enjoyed drawing cartoons more than anything else, and decided to try his hand at a technology that was new at the time, moving pictures.In the 1920s, he produced several films where

63、he made cartoon characters move as if by magic. The technique Disney used was painstaking. He made hundreds or even thousands of repeated drawings of the same character. In each drawing, the character was changed just a bit. A film was taken of the series of drawings, and when it was shown, the char

64、acters appeared to move. The process，called animation，is still used today，although computers have made the process much easier.In 1928, Disney created his most famous character, Mortimer Mouse, who we know today as Mickey. The mouse starred in a cartoon called Steamboat Willie, which was unusual bec

65、ause it involved the use of a sound track. Within the next few years, Disney invented many of his other characters.The list of Disneys animation successes is long and memorable. It includes Pinocchio, Dumbo, Bambi, Cinderella, and Peter Pan. Perhaps his most remarkable animated film is Snow White an

66、d the Seven Dwarfs. Created in 1937, it was an immediate success. Today, more than fifty years later, it is still one of the most popular films for children.1. What is one of the chief differences between animation today and in Walt Disneys early years?A. More people like animated movies.B. Fewer pe

67、ople like animated movies.C. Computers have made the job easier.D. Computers have made the job harder.2. Which of these words best describes Walt Disney?A. Creative. B. Athletic. C. Exciting. D. Quiet.3. What makes the film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs so remarkable?A. It was a little success whe

68、n created.B. It took more than a year to make it.C. It was made at a time when there were no computers.D. It has remained popular for more than fifty years.4. What does the underlined word “painstaking” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Something that hurts because it involves hard work.B. Taking a lo

69、ng time and involving much hard work.C. Requiring a lot of effort, like running a marathon.D. Requiring many fine tools, such as pens and pencils.People often talk as if shyness is a disease or mental condition that can be cured. I prefer to think of it as an emotional disability. It is something we

70、 are born with and something we carry with us in our entire lives. There are too many people, however, who seem to be determined to find some way of doing away with their shyness. In my opinion, its a waste of time. I dont mean that we should do nothing about it. On the contrary, I think we need to

71、separate the basic fact of our shyness from our ability to take part in a social activity.Look at one of the most famous shy people of them all, Johnny Carson. This man is painfully shy, yet for decades he made a living talking and associating with different people every night, in front of a nationa

72、l audience. Carson has never done away with his shyness, but he has successfully found a way to deal with it to the extent that he could be, not just a talk show host, but a legend (传奇) among talk show hosts. Look also at Sally Fields, who has recently admitted her problem with shyness. This is a wo

73、man who has appeared in many films, TV shows and interviews, yet in her early years, she was so shy that she turned down a lunch invitation from Jane Fonda because she was terribly afraid of meeting her.I guess that our shyness is there because each of us is born with some insecurity(不安全感) and this

74、insecurity prevents us from reaching out to others in the way people with a more open personality do. As we grow up and become adults, we allow our social skills to grow and develop. But we are still stuck in kindergarten or elementary school or wherever it was when our shyness took root in our soul

75、.1. In the authors view, shyness can be explained as _.A. a disease that can be easily curedB. an abnormal mental conditionC. an emotional disabilityD. something we pick up after birth2. The author believes its a waste of time to _.A. develop a healthy personalityB. talk with as many people as possi

76、bleC. study where shyness comes fromD. look for ways to do away with ones shyness3.Which of the following is TRUE of Johnny Carson?A. He dared to speak in front of a national audience.B. He did away with his shyness carefully.C. He was described as a hero in some legend books.D. He failed to become

77、a good talk show host.4. The passage tells us that Sally Fields was _.A. proud all the timeB. impolite when youngC. shy in her early yearsD. close to Jane Fonda四、书面表达根据下列短文，用英语写一篇100120词的关于急救的小文章。在日常生活中，学习一些急救知识，对一个人来说很重要。假如一个人发生车祸，在医生到来之前，需要对他/她进行医疗护理，做急救时，应注意以下三点：首先，如果他/她停止了呼吸，掰开他/她的嘴巴看看喉咙口有无食物。其次，假如他/她不能呼吸，就采取人工呼吸的方法，尽快使他/她开始呼吸。再次，如果他/她伤得很重，应立即止血，然后送往医院。如果他/她失血过多，达三分之一，那么他/她有可能会死。人人都应学习急救知识，这样才能挽救其他人的性命。