张家界市2016高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练（2）及答案.doc

1、阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从每题所给出的四个选项(A,B,C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。 Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives. This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have

2、made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想) literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy t

3、hat we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us? Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British s

4、choolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. Whe

5、n we lack meaningful interaction(交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen. The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fant

6、asy becomes the only outlet(出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, a

7、re really part of our own. ( ) 1. The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves_ A. the close connection between man and the fantasy world B. the wonderful achievements of fantasy literature C. the fine taste of moviegoers around the world D. the general existence of the sense of curiosity ( ) 2. W

8、hat can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3? A. People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy. B. The world around us could serve as a source of wonder. C. The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond. D. Modern technology prevents us from developing our

9、sense of wonder. ( ) 3. If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe, we will_ A. fail to appreciate the joy in our lives B. be confused by the world of make-believe C. miss the chance to recognize the fantasy world D. be trapped by other worlds existing all around us ( ) 4. Wh

10、at is the main purpose of the passage? A. To show us the hidden beauty in our world. B. To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy world. C. To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonder. D. To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe. 【语篇解读 语篇解读】本文是一篇论说文,介绍了我们每一个人都有好奇心,总是幻想美好的世界, 语篇解读

11、 但同时,告诫我们,不要沉迷在幻想之中,现实世界也是很美丽的,也是一切期间产生 的根源. 1. 答案 D 【解析】细节理解题.由第二段可知,举 The Lord of the Rings 这个例子是为了证明人们的 好奇心是普遍存在的.所以答案选 D 项. 2. 答案B 【解析】 推理判断题. Without modem technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals.这句话告诉我们,如果没有现代技 术,

12、 即使一个小小的池塘也能成为一个令人惊异的世界. 从而我们可以推测出我们现实世界 也是很美丽的,也是一切期间产生的根源. 3. 答案 A 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据 The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world

13、.可知,如果幻想成为我们好奇感的唯一出路 的话,我们就会失去一些东西,就会失去与现实世界的联系,我们也就不能体会到我们现实 生活中的快乐.由此判断选 A 项. 4. 答案 B 【解析】作者意图题.由文章最后一段可知,作者写这篇文章的目的就是要告诉我们不要沉 迷在幻想之中.由此判断选 B 项.阅读理解。Below is a selection from a popular science book. If blood is red, why are veins(静脉) blue?Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a cle

14、ar, yellowish colour. Although blood looks red when its outside the body, when its sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, its more of a dark reddish purple colour. At the right depth, these bloodfilled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparis

15、on. Which works harder, your heart or your brain?That kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, becaus

16、e even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it. Why do teeth fall out, and why dont they grow back in grownups?Baby(or“milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make room for bigger, stronger adul

17、t teeth later on. Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, youre done. When theyre gone, theyre gone. This is because nature figures youre set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off. Do old p

18、eople shrink as they age?Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isnt because theyre shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力). Many(but not all) men and women do lose

19、height as they get older. Men lose an average of 34 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people dont really shrink! It is not that they are growi

20、ng backwardstheir legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, its because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved. Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?Because your brain gets confused between what youre seeing and what youre feeling. Th

21、e brain senses that youre spinning using special gravityandmotionsensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks youre moving while youre not!Where d

22、o feelings and emotions come from?Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain areafrom mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the br

23、ain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet. If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, its “use it, or lose it”！ Its not that exercise makes you healthy; its more that a

24、 lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease. 46. What is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin? A. Blue. B. Light yellow. C. Red. D. Dark reddish purple. 47Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age? A. Because their spine is in active u

25、se. B. Because they are more easily affected by gravity. C. Because they keep growing backwards. D. Because their spine becomes more bent. 48Which of the following statements about our brain is true? A. In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart. B. When our brain senses the spi

26、nning, we will feel dizzy. C. The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans. D. Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain. 49What is the main purpose of the selection? A. To give advice on how to stay healthy. B. To provide information about our bod

27、y. C. To challenge new findings in medical research. D. To report the latest discoveries in medical science. 【要点综述】 本文是一篇常见的应用文，主要向读者介绍了与我们人体相关的一些知识和信息。46D考查细节理解。从第一则中的“its more of a dark reddish purple colour.”可知，血液应该是深紫红色，所以答案选D项。47D考查细节理解。从第四则中的“They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes

28、shorter and more curved due to disuse”可知，由于脊柱的弯曲，所以导致老年人看起来有点矮了，所以答案选D项。48A考查细节理解。从第二则中的“But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.”可知，脑子要比心

29、脏更努力、更辛苦，所以答案选A项。49B考查写作意图。从全文知，这是一篇医学科技类的文章，主要介绍了与我们人体相关的一些知识，所以B项能很好地概括全文。 【四川省资阳市2014模拟】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 “Another bad day at school?” my father asked as I came into the room.“How could you tell? I didnt shut the door heavily or anything,” I replied. Over the past tw

30、o months I had either done this or thrown my backpack across the room every time I came home from school. Papa thinks it has something to do with moving to a new house. “I know this move has been hard on you. Leaving your friends and cousins behind is tough,” Papa said, as he put his arm around my s

31、houlder. “What you must remember is that, with a lot of hard work and some time, you will make new friends.” “You dont know how hard it is. This year my baseball team would have won the championship. They wont even give me a chance to pitch (投球) here. All I get to play is right field, and thats the

32、worst!” Papa turned toward me. “Things will get better, I promise you. Let me ask you, do you know why you were named David Lorenzo?”“Yes, your name is David and grandfathers name is Lorenzo.”“Very good, and what makes your grandfather so important?”“He was the first in the family to come to this co

33、untry and all that,” I answered.“That is only partly correct. Your grandfather was a very great man. In Mexico, he had been a teacher. When he came to America he could only get low-paid labor jobs because he didnt speak the language. It took him two years before he spoke English well enough to be al

34、lowed to teach here, but he did it. He never complained because he knew change could be difficult. Did he ever tell you that?” my father asked.I looked down at my feet, ashamed at my behavior. “No. That must have been hard,” I said sheepishly. “Your grandfather taught me that if you let people see y

35、our talent, they will accept you for who you are. I want you to always remember what my father taught me, even if it takes a few years for people to see who you are,” said Papa. All I could say was, “Okay.” Then I asked, “What should I do now?” Laughing, Papa said, “How about you pitch a few to me?

36、You need some work.”31. Why was the author unhappy that day? A. Because he moved to a new country.B. Because his baseball team lost the game.C. Because he wasnt offered a chance to pitch.D. Because he quarreled with his friends at school.32. The father successfully changed his sons mood by _.A. aski

37、ng him to train harderB. telling his grandfathers storyC. playing baseball with himD. introducing him some new friends 33. The underlined word “sheepishly” probably means _.A. cautiouslyB. patientlyC. rudelyD. shyly34. What can we infer about the author?A. He thinks his father lives in the past.B. H

38、ed rather live with his grandfather.C. He will continue to dislike school and everything.D. He will try his best to adapt to the new environment.【参考答案】31-34、 CBDD 【四川省资阳市2014模拟】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The majority of Indian women wear a red dot (圆点) between their eyebrows. Wh

39、ile it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital (婚姻的) status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu religion. The dot goes by different names in different Hindi dialects, and “bindi” is the one that is most commonly known. Traditionally, the dot carries no gender restriction: Men

40、 as well as women wear it. However, the tradition of men wearing it has faded in recent times, so nowadays we see a lot more women than men wearing one.The position of the bindi is standard: center of the forehead, close to the eyebrows. It represents a third, or inner eye. Hindu tradition holds tha

41、t all people have three eyes: The two outer ones are used for seeing the outside world, and the third one is there to focus inward toward God. As such, the dot serves as a constant reminder to keep God in the front of a believers thoughts.Red is the traditional color of the dot. It is said that in a

42、ncient times a man would place a drop of blood between his wifes eyes to seal their marriage. According to Hindu beliefs, the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple. Today, people go with different colors depending upon their preferences. Women often wear dots that match t

43、he color of their clothes. Decorative or sticker bindis come in all sizes, colors and variations, and can be worn by young and old, married and unmarried people alike. Wearing a bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.35. Why did people in India start wearing a red dot o

44、n their forehead?A. To indicate their social rank.B. To show their financial status.C. To show their religious belief.D. To highlight their family background.36. What is the importance of the third eye in Hindu tradition? A. To pay respect to God.B. To stay in harmony with nature.C. To see things wi

45、th a subjective view.D. To observe the outside world more clearly. 37. Why was red chosen as the original color of the bindi?A. The red dot represented the blood of God.B. Red stood for a wifes love for her husband.C. The word “bindi” means “red” in some Hindi dialects.D. Red was supposed to bring g

46、ood luck to a married couple.38. Which of the following statements is true about the practice of wearing a bindi today?A. Bindis are now used as a decorative item.B. Bindis are worn anywhere on the face now.C. Most Indian women do not like to wear bindis anymore.D. Wearing a bindi has become more po

47、pular among Indian men.【参考答案】35、C36-38 ADA 阅读理解。About 30 years ago, I left Cuba for the United States with my son. After getting settled finally in Brunswick, New Jersey, I enrolled(注册) my son in kindergarten. Several weeks later, my sons teacher asked me to meet him at his office.In the teachers of

48、fice, an exchange of greetings was followed by his questions：“Is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)? Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？”Was he talking about my wonderful Scola? No, no, it cant be. What a helpless, lonely moment! I told him that Scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, inste

49、ad. I asked him why he was asking me all these questions.My son could not follow the teachers directions, he told me, and thus, Scola was disrupting the class. Didnt he know my son did not speak English yet?He was angry：“Why hasnt your son been taught to speak English? Dont you speak English at home

50、？”No, I didnt speak English at home, I replied. I was sure my son would learn English in a couple of months, and I didnt want him to forget his native language. Well, wrong answer! What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all times? “Are you one of those people who co

51、me to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society？”Needless to say, I tried to tell him I was not one of “those people”. Then he told me the meeting was over, and I left.As I had expected, my son learned to speak English fluently befor

52、e the school year was over. He went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. He travels widely and leads a welladjusted, contented life. And he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)Speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others; it teaches

53、people about other cultures and other placessomething very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” I met in New Jersey.57The teacher asked the author to his office _Ato discuss Scolas inclass performanceBto get Scola enrolled in kindergartenCto find a language partner for ScolaDto work out a s

54、tudy plan for Scola58What does the underlined word “disrupting” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?ABreaking. BFollowing.CAttending. DDisturbing.59The authors attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as _Acritical BcasualCpositive Dpassive60This text is likely to be selected from a book of_A

55、medicine BeducationCgeography Dhistory【要点综述】 本文作者通过说明自己儿子学习语言的过程和他最后的成功经历，说明了“双语”学习的重要性。57A推理判断题。根据第二和第四段可知，学校老师让作者去学校的目的是为了探讨作者的儿子在学校的表现，选A。58D词义猜测题。disrupting所在句子的意思是：他告诉我，我儿子经常不按老师的指令做，他经常干扰课堂。由此可知此处该词的意思是“干扰”，选D。59C推理判断题。通读最后一段可知作者对于“双语”学习持积极、肯定的态度，选C。60B推理判断题。本文探讨的是关于孩子的教育问题，由此可以推断出本文选自教育类书刊，选B

56、。【2014唐山一中调研考试（二）】（共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。注意：涂卡时，如答题卡上没有E、F、G选项，请按如下方式填涂：选E涂AB；选F涂AC；选G涂AD。Watching a sporting event with family and friends under the sun is a great experience in summer. 71 In the United States, heat exposure led to 8,000 deaths between 1979 and

57、2003. Luckily, a little prevention can go a long way towards making sure of an enjoyable day.Know the dangerHeat-related illnesses do not require record-breaking temperatures to occur. 72 The bodys temperature can reach 106 or 107 degrees Fahrenheit on a 90-degree day, creating a potentially deadly

58、situation. Factors such as age, weight or a medical condition can influence people.Drink plenty of water 73 Sweating is your bodys key way to keep cool, so drink water to stay well hydrated(含水的) before you feel thirsty. A cool beer may sound perfect on a hot day, but drink responsibly. Alcohol stops

59、 the bodys cooling system and causes you to go to the bathroom frequently. 74 Wear light-colored and loosely fitting clothing, so air can go around your body and help keep you cool. A hat is a must to help you keep cool, since your head contains many blood vessels(血管), and sun block(防晒乳) is always a

60、 good idea.Take actionWhat should you do if you are suffering from the heat while watching your favorite event?Get up and go. It is a simple piece of advice, but could make the difference between a quick recovery and something more severe that requires medical attention. The ideal thing is to move y

61、ourself from the position youre in to an area that is a little cooler. 75 A. Dress for the occasionB. Weather-related causesC. In hot weather, it is essential to stay hydrated.D. You may miss a little of the action, but it beats missing a lot.E. But when you add sun exposure to the crowds, the results can be deadly.F. It is also important to take advantage of services the equipment provides.G. Temperatures between 80 and 90 degrees Fahrenheit can be dangerous.【参考答案】71-75 EGCAD