专题18交通运输 -备战2022年中考英语阅读理解热点话题特训.doc
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1、 18交通运输Passage1With more and more cars on the road, the traffic jam will happen. How do we see it and how can we solve the problem?We know that the traffic jam happens in many places, especially in big cities. What are reasons for the problem? On one hand, some people think that they should have a c
2、ar when they have enough money, and then its easy to go out and they can feel comfortable. On the other hand, a growing number of people hope to use their cars to show off (炫耀). Whats more, years of research has shown that one of other reasons for the traffic jam is the driving habit. For example, m
3、any young people enjoy driving very fast, so they can feel excited. At last, most of them hardly care about the speed (速度) rules. Many governments are working at how to make the traffic better. In my opinion, firstly, the governments should educate those people who have cars or plan to buy cars. The
4、 governments must make them know that the traffic jam is very serious, and set up a much more perfect traffic system (体系) to solve the traffic pressure.1What does the underlined word “jam” mean in Chinese?A事故B堵塞C规则D房间2Why is the traffic jam getting more and more serious?ABecause there are not enough
5、 ways of transportation (交通方式).BBecause there are fewer speed rules.CBecause there are more and more cars on the roads.DBecause many governments are working at how to make the traffic better.3Which of the following is NOT true?AThe reason for the traffic jam is that people have too much work.BThe re
6、ason for the traffic jam is the driving habit.CThe reason for the traffic jam is that some people want to show off.DSome people think that they should have a car when they have enough money, and then its easy to go out and they can feel comfortable4What should the governments do to make the traffic
7、better?AThey should educate those people who are young.BThey should set up a much more perfect traffic system.CThey shouldnt allow people to buy so many cars.DThey should hardly care about the speed rules.5What does the passage mainly talk about?AReasons why people want to buy cars.BHow drivers shou
8、ld drive.CThe traffic jam, reasons for it and solutions.DMany young people enjoy driving very fast, so they can feel excited. Passage2 Youre on the school bus. But as soon as you turn a corner, you 11 find yourself at the end of a very long queue. Its another traffic jam! Meanwhile, in Antarctica(南极
9、洲), snow covers the land. A group of emperor penguins crowd together to keep warm, using stop-and-go movements to protect themselves from the winds. Can you see the connection?Emperor penguins move like cars in traffic jams to keep warm, according to a new research. A penguin only needs to move 2cm
10、in any direction for its neighbor to do the same thing. These movements then flow(涌动) through the whole group of penguins like a traveling wave.These waves also help the smaller crowds join bigger groups, keeping more and more of their friends warm. A single Antarctic traffic jam has thousands of pe
11、nguins. Interestingly, the technology once used for studying road traffic jams was used to study the penguins. It included studying time-lapse(延时) videos. Scientists also discovered that unlike on the road, these waves can be made by any penguin and in any direction.With temperatures usually droppin
12、g 50 degrees below zero and winds reaching speeds of up to 200km/h, these traveling waves are very important for penguins to keep warm.These penguins can also teach us a lesson. In a big group, they learn to be orderly and patient, and never to crash into each other. These are skills that we should
13、all learn from them when we are on the road!6According to the passage, emperor penguins get together to .Akeep warmBplay gamesClearn from each other7In a traffic jam on the road, .Adrivers can drive fastBdrivers can drive carelesslyCcars cannot move fast8From the passage, we learn that a traveling w
14、ave is .Acaused by a traffic jam on the roadBcaused by the strong winds in AntarcticaCformed by the movement of penguins9If a penguin is in a group, it .Aneeds to move orderlyBcan move as fast as it likesCwill not leave others behind10The last paragraph wants to tell us that .Apenguins wont move tog
15、ether if they are not very coldBtraffic jams happen probably because people are patientCwe human beings should learn from penguins Passage3Some people have to use public transport, some dislike it and still some love it. If everyone has a car and drives anywhere they want to go, there will be seriou
16、s traffic problems on the road. Luckily, trains are a good form of public transport. British people use trains a lot. This is especially so for people who are travelling from London to Paris. Every day about 20 trains leave London. They travel at a very high speed and people feel glad that the train
17、s take only 2 hours and 30 minutes to reach Paris. Its much faster to travel by train than by bus or by car. This is because people have to drive cars or buses very carefully and slowly for many reasons, such as speed limits(限速) and traffic jams. However, when you are travelling by train, the speed
18、is almost the same and there is no traffic jam for a train. Besides, Londoners think taking a train is one of the safest ways of travelling on the ground. Trains take quite a number of quality tests(质量测试) while they are made. More importantly, they have to take many safety checks before they are use
19、d on the rail track(铁路轨道). Whats more, trains in Britain are comfortable and provide fine services for their users. When you are on a London train, you will find that the train has comfortable tables and seats where people can sit. They also provide food services and power plugs(电源插头) for personal c
20、omputers or mobile phone.11The main idea of the passage is that _.ABritish people enjoy public transportBits fast to travel from London to ParisCtrains in Britain provide fine services for their usersDtrains are a good form of public transport for Londoners12In a traffic jams on the road, _.Adrivers
21、 can drive fastBdrivers can drive carelesslyCcars are not moving fastDcars will stop working13How long does it take to get from London to Paris?Aonly 2 hoursBonly 2.5 hoursCless than 2 hoursD5 hours14Londoners often travel by train because trains are _.Aold and slowBlarge, clean and powerfulCfine an
22、d importantDfast, safe and comfortable15What can we know from the passage?AWe can travel from London to Paris in less than 2 hours.BWe can do our work with personal computers on the train.CWe have to wait till we get off the train in order to have some food.DThe trains are only checked for quality r
23、easons before they are used. Passage4Have you ever got caught in a traffic jam on the road? How about a traffic jam in one of the worlds busiest canals (运河)? According to the managers of the ship named Ever Given, the accident happened because of strong winds during a sandstorm. Ever Given is a huge
24、 220,000-ton ship400 meters long and 59 meters wide. The ship got caught in the canals most narrow area, which is about 205 to 225 meters wide.By the end of last month, Ever Given had been caught in the Suez Canal for six days. It kept at least 422 ships waiting and cost 400 million dollars per hour
25、, making it the worlds most expensive traffic jam ever. The accident made more people understand how important the Suez Canal is.Connecting the Mediterranean Sea (地中海)with the Red Sea, the Suez Canal is a main waterway for world trade. It allows ships to travel between Europe and South Asia without
26、going around Africa, which makes the sea journey about 7,000 kilometers shorter.Now, around 10% of the world trade passes through the canal. About 1.9 million barrels (桶) of oil go through the canal every daythats about 7% of the worlds oil. Things like machines and car parts are carried by the ship
27、s. Daily goods like furniture, clothing, toilet paper and coffee go through it as well. You can imagine what may happen if the canal stops working for a long time.Thats why the accident shocked the world. Experts from different countries flied to the Suez Canal to solve the problem. A large number o
28、f big boats were sent to pull and push the ship Ever Given, but it was no use. After six days of hard work, the ship was at last freed by moving away the sand under it. “The rising tide (潮水) really helped a lot” an official said.Mohab Mamish, Egypts President adviser for the Suez Canal projects said
29、 “The canal is now completely open for traffic, as the ship has moved” adding that they will increase the number of the working hours to move the other ships quickly.16Why did Ever Given get caught?AIt was too big and wide for the canal.BIt went to the canals most narrow area.CIt was too heavy to go
30、 through the canalDIt met strong winds when passing the canal17Which is one of the reasons why the Suez Canal is important?AIt mainly connects Europe and Africa.BIt shortens the seaway from Europe to Asia.CIt has 7% of the world trade.DIt carries most of the daily goods,18Which of the following stat
31、ements is TRUE according to the passage?AEver Given was pushed away by big boats.BThere was too much sand in the canal.CThe rising tide moved Ever Given away.DMany ships were still waiting after the accident.19What is the purpose of the passage?ATo introduce the Suez Canal to the readers-BTo share t
32、he sorrow of the accident of Ever Given,CTo show the process of saving Ever Given.DTo introduce the expensive traffic jam in the Suez CanalPassage5 New York is a very large city with 8 million people. How do so many people move on their way to work and school? So, we should know something about its
33、transport.In New York you can travel around the city by subway, by bus, by taxi and by car. The subway runs on the railroad lines under the city. It crosses the city at different points and goes to all parts of the city. Travelling by subway is the fastest way to get around the city.The second way t
34、o travel around the city is by bus. Its a slower way to travel. This is because the bus moves in road traffic which is often heavy.You can also travel around the city by taxi. This is the most expensive way, but the taxi will take you to the very place you want to go to. If the traffic is heavy, the
35、 taxi will be slow. During the mornings and afternoons, there is the rush hour. This is the time when the traffic is very heavy with people going to and from work.The last way to get around New York is using your own car. However, its not easy for you to drive, especially when you are driving in the
36、 rush hour. If there is an accident on the road, you will have to wait for a long time.The best time to travel around the city is from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm. This is the time after the morning rush hour and before the evening rush hour. Traffic will be less crowded because most people are already at sc
37、hool or at work.20The text is mainly about _.Athe weather of New YorkBthe transport in New YorkCthe people in New YorkDtraffic accidents in New York21The most expensive way to travel in New York is by _.AsubwayBtaxiCbusDcar22The phrase “rush hour” in the fifth paragraph means “_” in Chinese.A比赛中的冲刺时
38、刻B一小时内所跑的路程C(上下班)交通高峰时刻D匆匆忙忙的一小时23If you travel around New York in your own car, which of the following is the best time?AFrom 8:00 am to 10:00 am.BFrom 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm.CFrom 10:00 am to 5:00 pm.DFrom 10:00 am to 3:00 pm. Passage6Sitting among a sea of cars, have you ever dreamed about your car t
39、aking off and flying over the road? Many of us spend an hour or so stuck in traffic every week. The main problem is that we are not expanding (扩展) our transportation systems fast enough to meet ever increasing demands (需求). One solution is to create a new type of transportation that doesnt rely on r
40、oads.In the last century, planes and cars changed the way we lived. Cars which can be afforded by the general population, have allowed us to move farther. Planes have also cut travel time to faraway destinations (目的地). At the beginning of a new century, we may see the realization of a century-old dr
41、eam-the mix of cars and planes or flying cars.You might have heard news about flying cars before. The technology to make them safe and easy to fly may finally be here. With progress in lightweight material, computer models and no-man control, the dream is very close to becoming real.Car maker Moller
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