山东省烟台市2015 （译林牛津）高考英语一轮练习（4）及答案.doc

1、山东省烟台市2015 （译林牛津）高考英语一轮练习（4）及答案阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Youre in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at a sweater. You listen to their conversation: “I cant believe ita Lorenzo Bertolla!They are almost impossible to find. Isnt it beautiful? And its

2、 a lot cheaper than the one Sara bought in Rome.”They leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater. Its nice and the price is right. Youve never heard of Lorenzo Bertolla, but those girls looked really stylish. They must know. So, you buy it. You never realize that those young women are empl

3、oyees of an advertising agency. They are actually paid to go from store to store, talking loudly about Lorenzo Bertolla clothes. Every day we notice what people are wearing, driving and eating. If the person looks cool, the product seems cool, too. This is the secret of undercover marketing. Compani

4、es from Ford to Nike are starting to use it. Undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that dont pay attention to traditional advertising. This is particularly true of the MTV generationconsumers between the age of 18 and 34. It is a golden group. They have a lot of money to spend,

5、 but they dont trust ads. So advertising agencies hire young actors to “perform”in bars and other places where young adults go. Some people might call this practice deceptive (骗人的), but marketing executive Jonathan Ressler calls it creative. “Look at traditional advertising. Its effectiveness is dec

6、reasing.”However, one might ask what exactly is “real” about of young women pretending to be enthusiastic about a sweater? Advertising executives would say its no less real than an ad. The difference is that you know an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something. You dont know when a conversation

7、 you overhear is just a performance. 1. The two attractive young women were talking so that they could_.A. get the sweater at a lower price B. be heard by people aroundC. be admired by other shoppers D. decide on buying the sweater2. Lorenzo Bertolla is_.A. a very popular male singer B. an advertisi

8、ng agencyC. a clothing company in Rome D. the brand name of a sweater3. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. The two girls are in fact employed by the Lorenzo Bertolla Company. B. The MTV generation tends to be more easily influenced by ads. C. Traditional advertising is becomi

9、ng less effective because its too direct. D. Undercover marketing will surely be banned soon by the government. 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. Two Attractive Shoppers B. Lorenzo Bertolla SweatersC. Ways of Advertising D. Undercover Marketing【参考答案】14、BDCD 阅读理解课堂练学案

10、Passage Nine(Holmes Knowledge)His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax,

11、however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system. “You appear to be astonished, ” Holmes said, smiling at my expression. “Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it. You see, I consider that a mans brain originally

12、 is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose: A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficul

13、ty in laying his hand upon it. It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have use

14、less facts elbowing out the useful ones.” “But the Solar System! ” I protested. “What the deuce is it to me?” he interrupted impatiently. One morning, I picked up a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched silently at his toast. One of the arti

15、cles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it. Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life, ” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. It struck me as being a r

16、emarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity. The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far-fetched and exaggerated. The writer claimed by a momentary expression, a twitch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a mans inmost thought. Deceit, according to h

17、im, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis. His conclusions were as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid. So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider

18、him as a necromancer. “From a drop of water, ”said the writer, “a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be

19、acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it. ” This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it.1.What is the authors attitude toward Holmes?APraising.Critical.CIro

20、nical.DDistaste.2.What way did the author take to stick out Holmes uniqueness?ABy deduction.By explanation.CBy contrast.DBy analysis.3.What was the Holmes idea about knowledge-learning?ALearning what every body learned.Learning what was useful to you.CLearning whatever you came across.DLearning what

21、 was different to you.4.What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about?AOne may master the way of reasoning through observation.One may become rather critical through observation and analysis.COne may become rather sharp through observation and analysis.DOne may become practical through ob

22、servation and analysis.Vocabulary1.Thomas Carlyle 托马斯卡莱尔 1795-1881美国作家、历史家、哲学家2.jumble (up) 搞乱，使混乱3.lay hand on (upon) sth. 抓住，找到4.at best 最好的情况下5.elbow out (off) 用胳膊肘挤出，推出6.deuce = devil what the deuce is it to me? 这里表示福尔摩斯的厌恶心理。 义：这倒霉的词儿与我有什么关系？ 7.while away the time 消磨/打发时间8.shrewdness 机敏，敏锐，犀利9.

23、far-fetched 牵强附会，不自然10.fathom 看穿/透，推测，探索11.infallible 一贯正确12.uninitiated 对某事无知的13.Euclid 欧几里德（古希腊数学家）14.necromancer 巫师难句译注1.A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of othe

24、r things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it.【结构简析】主从句结构，主句A fool 后跟lumber的定从that he comes across。从句so that 中有一knowledge的定从which; or链接前后两个分词crowded out 与jumbled up;但第一个so that 从句又是后面so that 的主句。【参考译文】蠢人把他碰到的每种木材（制家具）都拿进来。这样，可能对他有用的知识都被挤出去；最好的情况下，也是和其他种种事情混在一起，所以他就很难抓住知识。2.Its somew

25、hat ambitious title was “The Book of Life, ” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way.【结构简析】并列句，连词and后的句中有宾从how much。【参考译文】这片文章稍有炫耀的标题是“生命之书”。它想证明一个善于观察的人通过对他经历到的一切事情都进行真正地系统地考察可以学到多少东西。3.So startling would h

26、is results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider him as a necromancer.【结构简析】复合主从句，so that句型。So句是倒装。正常句型应为：His results would appear so startling to the uninitiated that，that句中又是主从句，从句用until连接，中插by which定语从句修饰 the proce

27、sses。【参考译文】他的结论对无知的人来说是那么惊人，所以他们很可能认为他是个巫师，除非他们学会了他用以得出结论的过程。4.Like all other arts, the Science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it.【结构简析】并列句，nor连接。前一句中有定语从句which

28、修饰one，后一句nor为否定词。【参考译文】像所有的其他艺术一样，演绎分析科学是一种通过长期默默的研究，可以习得的学问，而我们的生命并不长得足以使任何凡人都能在这一领域取得可能是臻美的成就。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇“传记”，作者采用以反衬正的对比手法写出了福尔摩斯之惊人才华。第一句话开明宗旨“他的无知和他的有知一样卓越惊人”，接着就是种种无知，达到突出其有知的成就。两方面表达，一是福尔摩斯对无知的解释：不能照单全收；二是作者的反对见解衬托福之才华超人，能一滴水见大海。答案详解1.A 赞扬。作者以无知烘托人物之有知，以他本人的反对批评观点来证明人物的正确。否定及所谓机刺旨在铺垫。正反对比赞扬

29、福之精明强悍，才智超人，洞察力强。2.C 作者采用对比手法。3.B 学习对你有用之物。第二段福之表白，他把头脑比作一个小小的空屋，不能随意选择家具（知识）塞满空间，应选择“有用之才”，免得填满了废物，把有用之才挤出去。4.C 通过观察和分析人会变得很敏锐。最后二段都是讲福所写文章的内容。善于观察和分析的人可以一眼看透人之本质，一点水能知大西洋。这种一叶知秋的本领是通过长期观察、分析研究而得。也就是说，通过观察分析，人可以变得敏感聪慧，因为万物都有联系。阅读理解Fear plays no part in this latest problem“Im not afraid Ill lose my

30、childrenI wont lose my children. We live together, and nothing, nothing,” she repeats, her voice rising when speaking to Johns lawyer, “will stop me from being with my children. A law? Year, right. Dont disturb me when it comes to my children. You are never going to win. If John wants to see them, I

31、 cannot stop him. Hes their fatherI want them to see him! However, his visit in his present condition will disturb the childrens stable (稳定的) life”w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m John, who has spent much of his time in California recently, has only hired a house for himself in Pennsylvania, according to his law

32、yer. If hed like to stick to a regular life, Id be more than happy to do that， Jane says. The best thing for any child of a divorced (离婚的) parent is a stable life. I want nothing more than for him to set up a stable life for himself, so that he can be part of making our childrens lives more stable.

33、While matters of money and care wont be settled for weeks, Jane hardly puts her life on hold. Last week the ABC network announced that Jane would return with her own show, Twist of Jane, in which she gives advice to other momsJane and her eight children will also return to ABC in a series of Jane Pl

34、us 8 specials showing them on various adventuresIts a rest for Janewho insists that she needs her new，busy life to provide for her family“I have to lead such a lifeand Im thankful that Ive built it to the top where now I can support my children”she says And whether a bellicose(好斗的)dance judge or a b

35、ellicose former wife，Jane plans to keep 0n facing attacks on her “Some people try to knock me downonly to make me more fierce，more protective，more determined to do better，”she says“Go ahead，take me onThis will just make me stronger”w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m( ) 1. According to Jane in the first paragraph，t

36、he low w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mA. cant take her children away from herB. cant do anything with the caseC. will best settle the problemD. will disturb her children( ) 2. What does “to do that” refer to in the second paragraph?A. To live with John.B. To hire a house for John.C. To allow John to see the chi

37、ldren w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o mD. To ask John to set up a regular life.( ) 3. What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean? A. Janes life is very difficult. B. Jane continues to live as usual.w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m C. Jane almost cant control her lire D. Jane works very hard to live a happy

38、life.( ) 4. Which word can best describe Jane?w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mA. Proud B. FierceC. Determined D. Independent语篇解读：本文为记叙文。主要记叙Jane在和丈夫离婚后下决心面对一切困难，争取孩子的抚养权，并在婚后钱财和孩子抚养等问题短期内难以解决的情况下努力生活的故事。57. 答案：C考点：细节理解解析：依据文章第一段第5,6句 “A law? Year, right. Dont disturb me when it comes to my children. You are neve

39、r going to win.”可知58. 答案：C.解析：根据上一段的 “If John wants to see themHowever, his visit in his present condition ”可知以John现在的状况不适合见孩子们，结合画线词所在句 “if hed like to stick to a regular life”可以推断出如果John生活稳定了Jane允许他见孩子们。59. 答案：B考点：考查学生的推断能力解析：依据第三段首句 “While matters of money and care wont be settled for weeks, Jane hardly puts her life on hold.”此处while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管钱和抚养的问题在几周内难以解决，”划线部分因为Jane几乎不让生活受到影响。因此正确答案为B60.答案：C考点：推理判断题。解析： Jane面对一切压力，坚决要求孩子的抚养权；钱和孩子的抚养短期内不能解决的情况下，努力克服困难维持生活都表现了她的坚强决心。