2021届高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解分类练习 专题08 阅读理解之七选五主题句和结论句练习（含解析）.doc

1、专题08七选五主题句和结论句练习AUnsurprisingly, people who are very busy also tend to be very successful and knowledgeable, so its in your interest to befriend with them. But how do you talk to such busy people in order to make friends with them? _1_ the same rules apply. However, there are a few specific rules fo

2、r talking with busy people in particular.Remember that even busy people are social creatures. That people are busy doesnt mean they dont want to chat with others or they dont enjoy it. _2_ Busy people can be very social and friendly. Like anyone else, they have a deep-seated need to socialize and ma

3、ke friends._3_ They know theyre capable and in demand, but it doesnt mean they expect others to prove themselves to them. The best use of your time talking with busy people is not in trying to impress them. Focus on making a conversation and creating a connection, not on proving yourself.Spend more

4、time in their field. When dealing with busy people, since their time is in high demand, your favorite topics take a slight backseat to theirs. It usually makes sense to make sure they find the topics you talk about meaningful. _4_Get to the point. _5_ Their time is highly valuable. So they dont need

5、 you to sugar coat your messages that much, they just want you to say what you have to say.A. Dont try to prove yourself.B. Dont hesitate to change your plans.C. They just dont have that much time for it.D. Its comfortable for them to chat with people who they like.E. Mostly, talking to busy people

6、is the same as talking to any others.F. Once youve found a topic they enjoy talking about, you should explore that topic.G. Busy people have little patience for communicators who beat around the bush.BCharacteristics of an excellent scientistThe Free Dictionary defines (定义) a scientist as a person h

7、aving professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science. 6. Lets look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.Curiosity. 7. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things

8、work. If a scientist doesnt have the drive to ask questions or even wonder, then he/she never gets to the first stage of the scientific process.Patience. 8. There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. Even if you think you have received some education on science, you still have a lot of

9、scientific research to do. If youre an instant-gratification (即时满足) type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.Ethical (道德的) qualities.In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve peoples life as well as the environment and

10、 living things, since they are all linked and they can affect one another in the long run. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal or outside commercial (商业的) interests. Sticking to an old belief contradicted by evidence is dishonest. 9.Working habits.An excellent scientist

11、even takes notes of the smallest observation, keeping it in mind and recording it. 10._ He/She also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking skills connect him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.A.Becoming a scientist takes

12、a long time.B.An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.C.It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.D.However, that belief shouldnt be changed without powerful evidence. E.He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on whats needed. F.To make discoverie

13、s in human knowledge, you have to think differently.G.One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.CTo an outsider,any culture can seem confusing. And the UKs got a thing or two that raises a few eyebrows.However,understand the why and things might be less puzzling.

14、11.In a world where 61%of nations drive on the right,the British drive on the left.Why? Most people think it goes back to medieval,maybe even Roman times. 12. when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip.Travelling on the left allowed you to keep your weapon arm towards

15、your opponent,who would be on your right.This practice continued until the 18th century when a law was passed requiring all traffic crossing London Bridge to keep to the left.Visitors to the UK that have just washed their hands in an old-fashioned sink might be wondering why one tap is only for hot

16、water,the other cold. 13.So,why this oddity? It relates to a time when hot and cold water were kept separate to prevent pollution.Drinkable cold water came from a main supply,but hot water came from attic tanks and was not considered suitable for consumption.So they were kept apart.Millions of peopl

17、e drink tea worldwide,but the odd British put milk in theirs.Why? This mysterious practice relates to the quality of china cup used in the 18th century when tea was first imposed.For the majority of the British,the cups available couldnt stand the heat of the boiling water and would break,so milk wa

18、s added first. 14.And this practical tweak soon became a national habit. 15.As you can see,these odd British have perfectly clear reasons for left-hand driving,two-tap sinks and tea with milk.Even if they still seemstrange,at least now youre in the know.A.This makes it difficult to improveB.There is

19、 a method to the madnessC.This unusual behaviour makes senseD.You can know the origins of the practicesE.Either can make washing very uncomfortableF.This cooled the cup enough to resist the boiling waterG.Here are the reasons for three of Britains more puzzling practicesDMaking other people feel goo

20、d feels good, and, best of all, it requires little more than a generous heart. Studies show that people feel happier when they do something kind for another person, and both recipients and good deed-doers can get the benefits. It cant be smarter idea to create this World Kindness Day._16_Learn a fri

21、ends language. You care and take an interest in their experiences. Making someone feel included and respected will feel a greater sense of belonging, an essential component of happiness._17_. Reaching out to someone for the first time in a long time can be an instant remedy(治 疗) for whatever trouble

22、 you. Its as simple as a text, a note or a Face Time call. Let someone know youre thinking of them, even after some time apart. Studies suggest strong bonds can improve physical health, too.Genuinely compliment(赞扬) someone. A respectful comment that comes from the heart about someones unique hair st

23、yle, excellent performance in a conceit or their great solution to a problem at work might be all it takes to improve someones mood. _18_Collect trash you see around your neighborhood. Picking up trash and recyclables off the street beautifies your community and benefits the environment. _19_ The en

24、vironment cant clean itself, after all!Thank the people in your life.They are the security guard outside of your workplace, the supermarket worker you see every day, your mom. _20_ Thank people for the things, big and small, that they do that improve your life. Gratitude is priceless.A. Others posit

25、ive words could help some people be a bit kinder to themselves, too.B. If your friends are overweight that too ups the odds youll pack on pounds.C. Open your heart with some small, free ways to make someones day.D. Without their help, your world might not rim as efficiently.E. It might even inspire

26、others to take up the task with you.F. Reconnect with a friend or family member.G. Have an eye contact with friends.A 【答案】1. E 2. C 3. A 4. F 5. G【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文作者针对如何与忙碌的人交流这一问题，给出了自己的一些建议。【1题详解】由下文the same rules apply.可知，同样的规则也适用这些忙碌的人。所以选项承接下文。故E选项“大多数情况下，和忙碌的人交谈和和其他人交谈是一样的”切题。故选E。2题详解】由前文 That pe

27、ople are busy doesnt mean they dont want to chat with others or they dont enjoy it.可知，人们很忙并不意味着他们不想和别人聊天或者他们不喜欢聊天。所以选项解释上文。故C选项“他们只是没有那么多时间”切题。选C。【3题详解】由下文They know theyre capable and in demand, but it doesnt mean they expect others to prove themselves to them. 可知，他们知道自己有能力，有需要，但这并不意味着他们期待别人向他们证明自己。

28、所以本段主要在说不要试图证明你自己也就是选项所要说明的内容。故A选项“不要试图证明你自己”切题。故选A。【4题详解】由前文It usually makes sense to make sure they find the topics you talk about meaningful.可知，确保他们觉得你谈论的话题有意义通常是有意义的。所以这里提到了话题的选择问题，故F选项“一旦你找到一个他们喜欢谈论的话题，你应该探索那个话题”切题。故选F项。【5题详解】由上下文Get to the point. 和Their time is highly valuable.可知，讲话时言归正传， 他们的时

29、间是非常宝贵的。所以选项承接山下文。故G选项“忙碌的人对拐弯抹角说话的交流者没有耐心”切题。故选G.B【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了杰出的科学家们的性格特点。6.C根据空格前指出Free Dictionary定义科学家为对一门或多门学科有专业知识的人,尤其是自然科学或物理科学可知,此处讲的是它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人。7.B根据这一段的小标题“Curiosity.”可知,杰出的科学家们具备的一个特征就是要有好奇心。B项中的“be very curious about things.”与之符合。8.A根据小标题“Patience.”以及下文提到几乎没有其他工作比这个更花费

30、时间了可知,成为科学家需要很长一段时间,A项与之符合。9.D空格上一句提到,坚持与证据相矛盾的旧信仰是不诚实的。D项指出,没有强有力的证据支撑,这种信仰不应被改变,这恰好是对上一句的补充说明。10.E根据小标题“Working habits.”可知,下文主要会谈工作习惯。E项指出科学家们无论是自己一个人还是在团队中都可以工作得很好,这也是在说一种工作习惯,符合题意。C【文章大意】 本文属于说明文,介绍了在英国人们靠左驾驶、水槽边有冷热两个水龙头以及英国人喝茶加牛奶的习俗及其来源。11.G分析文章可知,第二段至第四段分别介绍英国人们靠左驾驶、水槽边有冷热两个水龙头以及英国人喝茶加牛奶的习俗及其来

31、源, G选项“以下就是三个比较令人困惑的英国习惯的来源”,承上启下,符合语境,故选G。12.C根据语境“Most people think it goes back to medieval, maybe even Roman times.”以及“when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip.”可知,在中世纪或者罗马时代,习惯用右手的人会把剑佩戴在臀部左侧,故C选项“这个不寻常的行为就讲得通了”符合语境,故选C。13.E根据前一句“Visitors to the UK that have jus

32、t washed their hands in an old-fashioned sink might be wondering why one tap is only for hot water,the other cold.”可知,去英国的游客在旧式的水池里洗了手之后可能会好奇为什么会有两个水龙头,一个出冷水,一个出热水。E选项“两者当中任何一个水龙头都会让冲洗变得不舒服”符合语境,故选E。14.F根据前一句“For the majority of the British,the cups available couldnt stand the heat of the boiling wa

33、ter and would break,so milk was added first.”可知,当时,大多数英国人使用的杯子会因为无法承受开水的热量而破裂,因此他们会先把牛奶加进去。F选项“这样就会降低杯子的温度,使之能够承受沸水”讲述在杯中加牛奶的原因,符合语境,故选F。15.B根据文章可知,本处是对上文的总结,而B选项“There is a method to the madness”,看似疯狂,实则有理,对上文进行了很好的总结,故选B。D【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。为他人做好事时，自己会感到更快乐，受惠者和做好事的人也

34、能得到好处。文中介绍了一些让他人和你一样快乐的方法。【16题详解】根据上文研究表明，当人们为他人做一些好事时，他们会感到更快乐，而受惠者和做好事的人也能得到好处。再结合下文提供的一些让别人也快乐的方式。可推断出空格处是指用一些方式让他人也像你一样快乐。分析选项可知，C项“你敞开心扉，用一些小方式来也让他们感觉开心”，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】根据该段内容，和人们恢复联系很简单，以及亲密的关系对健康有益，尤其是后句“Let someone know youre thinking of them, even after some time apart.”即使分开一段时间，也要让对方知道你在

35、想念他。可知小标题的应与重新联系紧密相关。可以推断，F项“与朋友或家人重新联系”，符合语境。故选F项。【18题详解】本段的小标题为“真诚地赞美某人”。文章接着说明了称赞别人的好处，可以改变人的情绪，A项“其他人的积极的话语也可以帮助一些人对自己更好一点”，是称赞别人的另一个好处，符合语境。且句中“positive words”与文章小标题“compliment”相对应，故选A项。【19题详解】本段的小标题为“捡起你周围的垃圾”。根据上一句“捡起街道上的垃圾和可回收物品可以美化你的社区，也有益于环境。”以及下句“ 毕竟环境不能自我清洁”，可以推测，此空应为大家要一起承担清洁周围的环境，美化环境的

36、任务。E项“它甚至可能激励其他人和你一起承担这项任务”符合语境，故选E项。【20题详解】本段的小标题为“感谢你生命中的人”。根据上句“他们是你工作场所外的保安，是你每天都能见到的超市员工，是你的妈妈。”可知，他们是保障你正常工作的人。可以推断，D项“如果没有他们的帮助，你的世界可能不会像现在这样高效运转”，符合语境。且句中“their help”与前文的人员相对应。故选D项。【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第3小题中的“positive words”，第5小题中的“their help”均与上下文有相呼应的词语。