广东省深圳市六校2022届高三上学期第一次联考英语试题 WORD版含解析.doc

1、2022届广东省深圳市六校高三上学期第一次联考英语试题（满分120分 考试时间 120分钟）注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。并用2B铅笔将对应的信息点涂黑，不按要求填涂的，答卷无效。2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4. 考生

2、必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只需将答题卡交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANobody says school is easy. Studying is difficult, as is memorizing information for a test. Fortunately, there are books that can help you to make dealing with school easier.Unlimited Memory by Kev

3、in HorsleyThis book is a bestseller in memory improvement. It has strategies to help learn faster and become more productive. Of course, having a good memory comes in handy outside of the classroom as well. Really, this is a great book for life in general.On Course by Skip DowningIt is another book

4、worth reading. In its eighth edition, the book provides self-assessment tools to help identify what is needed to change for academic success. It contains guided journal entries to help readers with responsibility, self-management, self-awareness, learning and self-esteem.Students Guide to Writing Co

5、llege Papers by Kate L. TurabianMany students reach college and find that essay writing in college is very different from that in high school. Whether this is the case or not, Students Guide to Writing College Papers is a perfect choice for those who want to improve writing skills. Its available on

6、Kindle or in hardback or paperback forms. Right now, this one is its fourth edition. The book covers writing actual paper, citing sources, and style.How to Become a Straight-A Student by Cal NewportThe book came out in 2006. It enjoys great popularity among learners all over the world. The book deal

7、s with different approaches and strategies to help achieve good academic performance but spend less time on studying, with a focus on studying smarter, not harder. Its available on Kindle and in audio book and paperback forms.1. What do you know about Unlimited Memory?A. It is practical in daily lif

8、e.B. It is popular and sells best.C. It helps to produce more works.D. It is written by Kate L.Turabian.2. What do the last two books have in common?A. They have various forms.B. They are world-famous books.C. They were published 15 years ago.D. They mainly focus on improving writing skills.3. Who a

9、re the intended readers?A. Parents.B. Children.C. Teachers.D. Students.【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本有助于学生学习书籍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Unlimited Memory by Kevin Horsley中“Really, this is a great book for life in general.( 说真的，这是一本对生活很重要的书)”可知，Unlimited Memory是日常生活中一本很实用的书。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Students

10、Guide to Writing College Papers by Kate L. Turabian中“Its available on Kindle or in hardback or paperback forms. Right now, this one is its fourth edition. (这本书可以在Kindle上找到，也可以以精装本或平装本的形式找到。现在，这本书已经是第四版了)”和How to Become a Straight-A Student by Cal Newport中“Its available on Kindle and in audio book an

11、d paperback forms.( 它可以在Kindle、有声读物和平装本上找到)”可知，最后两本书的共同之处是它们有多种形式。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Nobody says school is easy. Studying is difficult, as is memorizing information for a test. Fortunately, there are books that can help you to make dealing with school easier.( 没人说上学容易。学习是困难的，为考试而记忆信息也是困难的。幸运的是，有一

12、些书可以帮助你更容易地应对学校学习生活)”可知，上学不易，因为有些信息很难记忆，由此可知，作者写这篇文章主要是给学习有困难的学生推荐基本实用的书籍。故选D。BIn 1939, seven-year-old Miriam Schreiber should have started first grade. Instead, she spent that year and the following five trying to survive. She was living in Poland when World War II broke out. “My entire life was ru

13、ined within minutes,” she says. “I was looking forward to starting school.” She never made it. And not having a degree has always been a thorn in her side.Decades later, though, the now-89-year-old Holocaust survivor finally got something she had always longed for. Kapiloff Brander, director of comm

14、unity programs at Jewish Family Services, reached out to the New England Jewish Academy, a Jewish high school, to ask whether the school could help Mariam fulfill her wish. Richard Nabel, the principal of the school, brought a few senior students to Miriams home to hear her story before they came up

15、 with the idea of presenting her an honorary diploma at the schools 2020 graduation ceremony.Miriam suffered a lot in a slave labor camp in Siberia before she got liberated in 1946. She and her remaining family members went to a refugee camp in Germany, where she got married and had her first child

16、at the age of 16. Having spent years in refugee camps in different countries, she finally immigrated to America in 1960. Getting a formal education was never an option for her but she learned seven languages over the years. “I educated myself,” she says. “I read books day and night. I still do.”On A

17、ugust 16, during a socially distanced ceremony in the school gym, Miriam was presented with a high school diploma from the New England Jewish Academy. “There werent too many dry eyes among the 30 of us there,” says Nabel. Miriams family was especially moved. “Im not sure she even realizes the import

18、ance of that moment to me,” says Bernie, her eldest son. “I am so proud of her.”4 What can be learned about Mariam from paragraph 1?A. She regretted not being educated at school.B. She started first grade at the age of seven.C. She felt lucky to have survived World War II.D. She spent five years in

19、Poland during the war.5. How did Mariam get her long-cherished wish fulfilled?A. She made it through her own efforts.B. She turned to Kapiloff Brander for help.C. The senior students themselves presented a diploma to her.D. Richard Nabel learned about her story and decided to help.6. Which of the fo

20、llowing best describes Mariam?A. Educated.B. Intelligent.C. Determined.D. Patient.7. What did Nabel mean by saying “There werent too many dry eyes”?A. Mariams story was ordinary but inspiring.B. Most of those present were deeply touched.C. He was impressed by Mariam and was proud of her.D. He felt h

21、onored to present Mariam with a diploma.【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了89岁的二战大屠杀幸存者Miriam的求学故事。战争的爆发使得她失去了上学的机会，战争时期的苦难没有打倒她，她一直坚持自学，读书，她的故事感动了新英格兰犹太学院和学生，授予了她荣誉文凭，帮她完成了夙愿。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“I was looking forward to starting school. She never made it. And not having a degree has a

22、lways been a thorn in her side.(“我很期待开学。”她没能成功。没有学位一直是她心中的刺。)”可知，她一直期待去上学，但是却因为战争没能上学，这是令她感到遗憾的。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Richard Nabel, the principal of the school, brought a few senior students to Miriams home to hear her story before they came up with the idea of presenting her an honorary diplo

23、ma at the schools 2020 graduation ceremony. (该校校长Richard Nabel带了几名高年级学生去Miriam家听她的故事，然后他们想出了在学校2020年毕业典礼上授予她荣誉文凭的主意。)”可知，校长了解了Miriam的故事后，决定给与她荣誉文凭，完成她的梦想。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“Getting a formal education was never an option for her but she learned seven languages over the years. I educated mysel

24、f, she says. I read books day and night. I still do.(接受正规教育从来都不是她的选择，但多年来她学会了7种语言。“我自学了，”她说。“我日夜读书。 我现在仍然这样。”)”可知，虽然不能接受正规教育，但Miriam仍然坚持学习，读书，由此可推知，她是一个有决心的人。故选C项。【7题详解】词义猜测题。根据前文“On August 16, during a socially distanced ceremony in the school gym, Miriam was presented with a high school diploma fr

25、om the New England Jewish Academy.( 8月16日，在学校体育馆举行的一个社交疏远的仪式上，Miriam被授予了新英格兰犹太学院的高中文凭。)”可知，“eyes”应是指代参加了这个仪式的人，结合主人公Miriam的故事以及后文“Miriams family was especially moved.( Miriam的家人特别感动。)”可知，她能够得到文凭是令人感动的，因此可推知，句子“There werent too many dry eyes”应是表达“很多人都很感动”含义。故选B项。CIts possible that your phones face-un

26、lock might finally be able to work while youre wearing a mask. Researchers have found that facial recognition algorithms (算法) are getting better at recognizing faces in masks, according to data published on Tuesday by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST). Using independent test

27、ing of more than 150 separate facial recognition algorithms, the new report suggests masks may not be as big a problem for facial recognition systems as initially thought.When NIST first examined masks effect on facial recognition in July 2020, it found that algorithms werent great at identifying fa

28、ces with masks. “Face recognition can make errors, which can implicate people for crimes they havent committed,” writes the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF). “It is particularly bad at recognizing African Americans and other ethnic minorities, women, and young people.” But the pandemic has given

29、 developers plenty of time to focus on the mask problem, and NISTs data shows that facial recognition algorithms are getting better at working with masked faces. “After the pandemic, some developers have submitted algorithms which show significantly improved accuracy and are now among the most accur

30、ate in our test,” the report reads. NISTs public ranking for facial recognition tests bears out this report. Eight different algorithms now hold false rates below 0.05 percent.Nevertheless, there remain a number of limitations to the study. NIST researchers did not employ actual images of masked fac

31、es. Instead, they applied masks digitally to ensure consistency across the sample. As a result, “We were not able to get a thorough simulation (模仿) of the endless variations in color, design, shape, texture, and ways masks can be worn,” the report states. The digital mask was a blue surgical mask co

32、vering the full width of the face, but testers noted that performance varied considerably depending on how high the mask was placed on the face.8. Recognizing masked faces with facial recognition systems used to be thought as _.A. effectiveB. impossibleC. easyD. challenging9. What does the underline

33、d phrase “bear out” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Make.B. Prove.C. Deny.D. Oppose.10. What can be learned about the study?A. The way to wear masks may affect recognition accuracy.B. The design of a mask makes no difference to facial recognition.C. Facial recognition failure rates were quite low at the begi

34、nning.D. The researchers adopted real surgical masks to ensure the accuracy.11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Limitations of Facial Recognition SoftwareB. The Challenge of Recognizing Masked FacesC. The improvement in Facial Recognition AlgorithmsD. Different Application

35、s of Facial Recognition Technology【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，面部识别算法在识别戴面具的面孔方面表现得越来越好。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Using independent testing of more than 150 separate facial recognition algorithms, the new report suggests masks may not be as big a problem for facial recognition systems as i

36、nitially thought.（通过对150多种不同的面部识别算法进行独立测试，这份新报告表明，面具对于面部识别系统来说可能不像最初想象的那样是个大问题。）”中的as big a problem for facial recognition systems as initially thought可知，使用面部识别系统识别蒙面面孔曾被认为是一种很有挑战性的（challenging）技术。故选D项。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“After the pandemic, some developers have submitted algorithms which show signi

37、ficantly improved accuracy and are now among the most accurate in our test,” the report reads.（“大流行之后，一些开发人员已经提交了算法，这些算法显著提高了准确性，现在在我们的测试中是最准确的，”报告写道。）”以及“Eight different algorithms now hold false rates below 0.05 percent.（现在有八种不同的算法将错误率控制在0.05% 以下。）”可知，报告称算法提高了正确性，其中八种错误率在0.05%以下，进一步推出，该公共排名证实了这个报告

38、。bear out意为“证实，证明”。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The digital mask was a blue surgical mask covering the full width of the face, but testers noted that performance varied considerably depending on how high the mask was placed on the face.（数字口罩是一种覆盖整个脸部宽度的蓝色外科口罩，但测试人员注意到，性能差异很大，取决于口罩放在脸上的高度。）”中的depending o

39、n how high the mask was placed on the face可知，戴口罩的方式会影响识别的正确性。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Researchers have found that facial recognition algorithms (算法) are getting better at recognizing faces in masks,（研究人员发现，面部识别算法(something something)在识别戴面具的面孔方面表现得越来越好。）”可知，文章主要关于人脸识别算法的改进在识别戴面具的面孔方面表现越来越好。C项“

40、人脸识别算法的改进”符合题意，适合做标题。故选C项。DMany livestock farmers (牧场主) in the western world are becoming worried by a longer-term threat to their income from the growing popularity of vegetarian (素食的) diets. Here comes the question whether to eat meat or not. Before airing our view, we should consider seriously th

41、e three reasons that vegetarians give for refusing animal products.The easiest point to argue against is that eating meat is unhealthy. Nothing is healthier than a varied diet, including fiber, vegetable, fruit and meat. Although studies show that eating red and processed meat may raise the risk of

42、some cancers, it is important not to overstate the effect. This week, for example, Cancer Research UK reported that eating an extra piece of bacon every day raised the risk of bowel cancer by 20 per cent. But that means just eight extra (largely curable) cases in every 10,000 people over six years.O

43、ur treatment of farm animals is an issue that vegetarians find more troubling. A common view is that raising animals in a small area cause unacceptable suffering. In this regard, agricultural authorities should take up the responsibility to enforce welfare standards that give each animal enough spac

44、e to stand and move around comfortably. Also, consumers have an important role to play in improving conditions for farm animals. For example, the dislike of “battery hens”led to an EU ban in 2012 on keeping chickens in barren cages.The environmental impact of livestock farming is its greatest proble

45、m in a century. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that farmed animals account for 14.5% of greenhouse gas emission. Although changes in grazing（放牧）practices could substantially reduce the environmental impact of livestock farming, it will always use more resources than producing the

46、 same number of calories from plant crops. Meat production should focus on the worlds traditional grasslands, without taking up new land.12. Which of the following is NOT the reason against animal products given by vegetarians?A. It harms human health.B. It causes animal suffering.C. It damages the

47、environment.D. It threatens the income of farmers.13. Why does the author mention the report from Cancer Research UK in paragraph 2?A. To prove that eating too much meat is unhealthy.B. To persuade people out of eating too much meat.C. To show that eating meat is not as unhealthy as vegetarians thin

48、k.D. To present the fact that eating too much bacon may cause cancer.14. Whats the authors attitude towards raising animals in a small area?A. Favorable.B. Negative.C. Indifferent.D. Unclear.15. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. The changes in feeding practices.B. The challenges that livest

49、ock farming faces.C. The negative effects of livestock farming on the environment.D. The measures to reduce the environmental impact of livestock farming.【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了素食主义者拒绝动物产品的三个原因。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The easiest point to argue against is that eating meat is unh

50、ealthy.（最容易反驳的观点是吃肉是不健康的。）”，第三段“Our treatment of farm animals is an issue that vegetarians find more troubling.（我们对待农场动物的方式是素食主义者认为更令人不安的一个问题。）”以及第四段“The environmental impact of livestock farming is its greatest problem in a century.（畜牧业对环境的影响是一个世纪以来最大的问题。）”可知，素食主义者拒绝肉食的原因不包括D项“它威胁到农民的收入”。故选D项。【13题详

51、解】推理判断题。根据第二段“But that means just eight extra (largely curable) cases in every 10,000 people over six years.（但这意味着在未来六年内，每10000人中只有8例额外的病例，且大部分可治愈。）”可知，该段提出这个报告的目的是证明吃肉并不像素食者想象的那样不健康。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“A common view is that raising animals in a small area cause unacceptable suffering. In this r

52、egard, agricultural authorities should take up the responsibility to enforce welfare standards that give each animal enough space to stand and move around comfortably.（一个普遍的观点是，在小范围内饲养动物会造成不可接受的痛苦。在这方面，农业当局应当承担责任，执行福利标准，使每头牲畜有足够的空间舒适地站立和移动。）”中的give each animal enough space to stand and move around c

53、omfortably可知，作者对小范围饲养动物持反对（negative）态度。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中心句“The environmental impact of livestock farming is its greatest problem in a century.（畜牧业对环境的影响是一个世纪以来最大的问题。）”可知，第四段主要讨论畜牧业对环境的不良影响。故选C项。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Travelling with some of your fa

54、vourite people is an exciting experience. If done well, group travelling can be the most thrilling experience ever, filled with games, laughter, and unforgettable memories. _16_ Read on for some of the things you need to note and do for an enjoyable experience._17_Ideas are usually exciting when the

55、y are fresh. The longer you delay, the more youll find excuses not to go. Let all interested parties meet as soon as possible to decide on dates, locations and budget. Its best to plan the trip three or four months in advance.Assign rolesFor the trip to be successful, it has to be well organized. Yo

56、ure going on a trip far from home, not the shopping mall. This is why the group should assign a leader who would be responsible for planning and organizing the trip. _18_ Break them down further. For example, choose someone to handle booking a hotel and another person to take care of the meal.Budget

57、 pool_19_ You can do a weekly or monthly payment plan before your trip. Once you decide how much would fund the trip, members can start contributing the money weekly or monthly. The leader would then use the money to pay for accommodations, meals, transportation and more while youre on vacation. If

58、theres money left in the end, split it up or go wild one last night.Create a flexible itinerary（行程）An easy way to create and share an itinerary is through Google Docs. Add the group members to the document and give them permission to edit it. Suggest one or two optional activities per day which do n

59、ot require advance bookings, such as a local hike or museum. _20_A. Start early.B. Get fresh ideas.C. So how do you plan for your group trip?D. Collect a set amount from everyone before your trip.E. Dont forget to create room for something unexpected.F. Also divide the other responsibilities as they

60、 arise so that everyone participates.G. The group leader generally keeps in contact with everyone, handling most of the detailed work.【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了完美旅行的几个建议。【16题详解】前文“Travelling with some of your favourite people is an exciting experience. If done well, grou

61、p travelling can be the most thrilling experience ever, filled with games, laughter, and unforgettable memories.（和你最喜欢的人一起旅行是一种令人兴奋的经历。如果做得好，团队旅行可以是最激动人心的经历，充满了游戏，欢笑和难忘的回忆）”提出好的旅行带来的好处，而后文“Read on for some of the things you need to note and do for an enjoyable experience.（继续读下去，找出一些你需要注意的事情，并且为了愉快的体

62、验而去做）”后文则提出了旅行的一些建议，C项“那么你们的团体旅行计划是怎样的呢？”承上启下，符合题意，选项中的group trip呼应上文的group travel。故选C项。【17题详解】根据后文“Ideas are usually exciting when they are fresh. The longer you delay, the more youll find excuses not to go.（新鲜的想法通常是令人兴奋的。你拖得越久，你就会找到越多的借口不去）”可知，此段主要讨论旅行应尽早实施，不要拖。A项“尽早开始”符合题意，适合做小标题。故选A项。【18题详解】前文“T

63、his is why the group should assign a leader who would be responsible for planning and organizing the trip.（这就是为什么团队应该指派一个领导者来负责计划和组织这次旅。）”提到了领导角色，后文“Break them down further.（进一步分解它们）”则出现了复数概念。F项“另外，当其他责任出现时，将它们分开，这样每个人都可以参与。”中的the other responsibilities与them语法和语义一致，都是在描述旅行中的团队合作。故选F项。【19题详解】根据小标题Bud

64、get pool以及后文“You can do a weekly or monthly payment plan before your trip.（你可以在旅行前做一个每周或每月的付款计划）”可知，该段在讨论财政预算。D项“在旅行前从每个人那里收集一定数量的钱。”与上下文叙述一致，符合题意。故选D项。【20题详解】根据小标题Create a flexible itinerary可知，此段主要讨论计划要灵活，可变。E项“别忘了为意想不到的事情创造空间”与之叙述一致，符合题意。故选E项。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的

65、A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasnt very _21_ about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldnt. I usually got _22_ and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to

66、think like a fish.” I remember being even more upset then because “Im not a fish!” I didnt know how to _23_ the same thought. Besides, I _24_, how could what I think influence what a fish does?As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really _25_. So I read some books on fish. And I

67、even joined the local fishing club and started attending their meetings _26_. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water _27_. That is why fish _28_ shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunli

68、ght than in the shade. Yet, fish dont have any eyelids (眼皮)and the sun _29_ their eyes. The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and _30_ them.When I grew up and entered the _31_ circles, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like _32_.” But it didnt c

69、ompletely _33_. My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.” Years later, with great efforts to provide long-term _34_ to customers much older and richer than me, I came to realize what we all need is to think more like the group that we _35_.21. A. conte

70、ntB. funC. normalD. typical22. A. amazedB. confusedC. curiousD. upset23. A. shareB. strikeC. predictD. read24. A. addedB. knewC. reasonedD. realized25. A. saidB. experiencedC. meantD. claimed26. A. locallyB. finallyC. regularlyD. usually27. A. qualityB. depthC. heightD. temperature28. A. leaveB. pre

71、ferC. adjustD. turn29. A. protectsB. catchesC. hurtsD. reaches30. A. enjoyingB. fishingC. studyingD. catching31. A. businessB. agricultureC. governmentD. administration32. A. customersB. salespeopleC. fishermenD. bosses33. A. make senseB. make progressC. take effectD. take place34. A. businessB. coo

72、perationC. connectionsD. services35. A. meetB. targetC. trustD. form【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了小时候父亲教作者钓鱼，告诉他像鱼一样思考才能钓到鱼，多年后进入商界的作者通过父亲的话并结合多年的实践认识到应该像客户一样思考。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但唯一无趣的是，他能钓到很多鱼，而我什么也钓不到。A. content满足

73、的；B. fun有趣的；C. normal正常的；D. typical典型的。根据后文“he could catch many fish while I couldnt. ”可知，因为父亲钓到鱼，作者钓不到，所以作者感到无趣。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我通常变得沮丧，不停地问他为什么。A. amazed吃惊的；B. confused困惑的；C. curious好奇的；D. upset沮丧的，不安的。联系前文可知作者钓不到鱼，所以心情很沮丧。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道如何分享同样的想法。A. share分享；B. strike碰撞；C. pred

74、ict预测；D. read阅读。根据前文“Im not a fish!”可知，作者没法认为自己是一条鱼，所以不知道如何分享同样的想法，指“像鱼一样思考”。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我思忖着，我的想法怎么会影响鱼的行为呢？A. added补充说；B. knew知道；C. reasoned推论；D. realized意识到。根据空后的“how could what I think influence what a fish does?”可知，作者在想的想法怎么会影响鱼的行为呢？用reason一词突出了作者的不解，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我开

75、始明白我父亲的意思。A. said说；B. experienced经历，体验；C. meant意思是；D. claimed宣称。这里指的是父亲让他像鱼一样思考的意思。故选C。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部，并开始定期参加他们的会议。A. locally在本地；B. finally最后；C. regularly定期地；D. usually通常地。根据前文“And I even joined the local fishing club”可知，因为作者加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部，所以会定期地参加俱乐部会议。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道鱼是冷血

76、动物，因此对水温非常敏感。A. quality质量；B. depth深度；C. height高度；D. temperature温度。根据前文“a fish is a cold-blooded animal”可知，因为鱼是冷血动物，所以对水温敏感。且下文“That is why fish 8 shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.”谈到的也是水温问题。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水而不是深水，因为前者更温暖。A. leave离开；B. prefer偏爱；C. adjust适应；D.

77、turn转身。根据后文“because the former is warmer. ”可知，因为浅水区更温暖，所以鱼偏爱浅水区。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，鱼没有眼皮，阳光会伤害它们的眼睛。A. protects保护；B. catches抓住；C. hurts伤害；D. reaches到达。根据常识和前文“fish dont have any eyelids (眼皮)”可知，因为鱼没有眼皮，所以阳光会伤害到它的眼睛。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我越了解鱼，我就越能准确地发现和捕捉它们。A. enjoying喜欢；B. fishing钓鱼；C. stud

78、ying研究；D. catching抓住。根据前文“The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding”可知，作者对鱼越了解，越能发现并抓到鱼。且上文的“he could catch many fish”也是提示。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入商界时，我记得我的第一任老板说过：“我们都需要像销售人员一样思考。”A. business商业；B. agriculture农业；C. government政府；D. administration管理。 根据后文“customers much o

79、lder and richer than me”可知，作者的工作是服务客户，由此推知他进入了商界。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. customers顾客；B. salespeople销售员；C. fishermen渔夫；D. bosses老板。根据后文“My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.”可知，作者父亲从未说过，“如果你想钓到一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。”，因此此处用salespeople对应fisherman。故选B。【33

80、题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但这并不完全有道理。A. make sense有道理；B. make progress取得进步；C. take effect见效；D. take place发生。根据空后的“My dad never once said. “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman. ”可知，我父亲从未说过，“如果你想钓到一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。”，并结合下文作者通过实践最终认识到的道理可知，老板说的话根本行不通，应该向客户一样思考而不是像销售人员一样思考。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词

81、词义辨析。句意：多年后，我努力为比我年长和富有得多的客户提供长期服务，我意识到我们都需要的是更像我们的目标群体思考。A. business生意；B. cooperation合作；C. connections连接；D. services服务。根据后文“to customers much older and richer than me”可知，此处指为比作者年长和富有得多的客户提供长期服务。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. meet遇见；B. target面向（某群体）；C. trust信任；D. form形成。由空前“think more like the group ”

82、可知，此处指要像我们的目标群体去思考。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Six hours and 32 minutes after three astronauts took off from a base in the Gobi Desert on a clear sunny morning, _36_ (they) spacecraft, Shenzhou 12, joined with the station.With that, the Chinese station, _37_ (call) Ti

83、angong or Heavenly Palace, became one of two places in orbit with residents. The completion of Tiangong will be yet another milestone for an ambitious space program _38_ recent missions have included bringing samples back from the moon and _39_ (land) a robotic rover（火星车） on Mars. Since the station

84、remains _40_ construction, the three astronauts main task is essentially to move in, begin installing _41_ (equip) like cameras and start testing various functions, including life support and waste management.China _42_ (previous) launched two short-lived model space stations, also called Tiangong,

85、in 2011 and 2016. This one _43_ (intend) to stay in space for a much longer time, serving for the next decade as a laboratory in orbit. Officials said the station would allow Chinese astronauts and scientists on the ground to carry out complex operations _44_ do experiments in the weightless space e

86、nvironment. Over the past few years, China _45_(invite) international partners in at least nine experiments.【答案】36. their 37. called 38. whose 39. landing 40. under 41. equipment 42. previously 43. is intended 44. and 45. has invited【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了神舟十二号的成功发射以及意义。【36题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在一个晴朗的早晨

87、，三名宇航员从戈壁沙漠的一个基地起飞6小时32分钟后，他们的飞船神舟十二号与空间站汇合。根据空后的名词spaceship可知，空处应使用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。【37题详解】考查过去分词。句意：与此同时，中国的天宫空间站成为了太空轨道上有居民的两个地方之一。分析句子可知，空处应使用非谓语动词，由于与所修饰词the Chinese station之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词。故填called。【38题详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：天宫一号的完成将是一个雄心勃勃的太空计划的又一个里程碑，该计划最近的任务包括从月球带回样本，并在火星上着陆一个机器人漫游者。分析句子可知，空处为定语

88、从句引导词，先行词为an ambitious space program，关系词代替它在从句中作定语修饰名词recent missions，且构成所属关系，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：天宫一号的完成将是一个雄心勃勃的太空计划的又一个里程碑，该计划最近的任务包括从月球带回样本，并在火星上着陆一个机器人漫游者。根据空前的and可知，空处应填动名词与bringing构成并列结构，作介词including的宾语。故填landing。40题详解】考查介词。句意：由于空间站仍在建设中，三名宇航员的主要任务就是进入空间站，开始安装摄像机等设备，并开始测试各种功

89、能，包括生命维持和废物处理。under construction为固定搭配，意为“在建设中”。故填under。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：由于空间站仍在建设中，三名宇航员的主要任务就是进入空间站，开始安装摄像机等设备，并开始测试各种功能，包括生命维持和废物处理。根据空前的begin installing可知，空处应使用不可数名词equipment。故填equipment。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：中国曾在2011年和2016年发射了两个短寿命的空间站模型，也被称为天宫。分析句子可知，空处应使用副词previously，修饰动词launched。故填previously。【43题详解】考查

90、时态。句意：人们打算让这艘飞船在太空中停留更长的时间，作为轨道上的实验室服务下一个十年。结合语境可知，应使用一般现在时。由于intend与This one（第三人称单数）之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态is intended。故填is intended。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：官员们表示，空间站将允许中国地面上的宇航员和科学家进行复杂的操作，并在失重的太空环境中进行实验。由于carry out complex operations与do experiments为并列关系，应使用and，共同与to构成不定式。故填and。【45题详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国已经邀请了

91、至少九个国际合作伙伴进行实验。根据时间状语Over the past few years可知，空处应使用现在完成时。由于主语China为第三人称单数。故填has invited。第三部分 书面表达 (共两节 满分40分)第一节 （满分15分）46. 假如你叫李华，你的美国笔友Tom对中国中学生的暑假生活很感兴趣，来信询问相关情况。请根据以下信息给他回信，内容包括：1. 介绍中学生的暑假活动；2. 分享你一次难忘的暑假经历。注意:1. 词数80左右；2. 请在答题卡相应位置作答。【答案】Dear Tom,How is everything going? Learning that you are

92、 interested in Chinese summer vacation, I am delighted to share some information with you.For Chinese students, the summer vacation usually lasts for more than 1 month, during which time students activities can be various, ranging from academic improvement to hobby cultivation. Some may be occupied

93、with after-school classes so as to enrich themselves mentally; some may take up more sports to keep physically fit; others may join their friends so that they could get entertained together.As for me, this summer vacation is the most unforgettable. Short though it was, I spent a fulfilling and rewar

94、ding one. The highlight was my voluntary experience in the nursing home, where I had a good chat with the elderly and listened to their life stories. By practicing the voluntary spirit, not only have I gained a better knowledge of the senior citizens but I also have done my bit for the society.Hopef

95、ully, my information can be of help. If you have any doubt, do feel free to ask me.YoursLi Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求假如你叫李华，你的美国笔友Tom对中国中学生的暑假生活很感兴趣，来信询问相关情况。请根据已给信息给他回信。【详解】1.词汇积累对感兴趣：be interested inacquire a taste for各种各样的：variousvaried假期：vacationholiday获得：gainget2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hopefully, my info

96、rmation can be of help.拓展句：I hope that my information can be of help.【点睛】高分句型1 For Chinese students, the summer vacation usually lasts for more than 1 month, during which time students activities can be various, ranging from academic improvement to hobby cultivation. (运用了介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 If

97、you have any doubt, do feel free to ask me. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)第二节 （满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。One Saturday morning, Jeremy woke up to a quiet house. Usually Mom was awake making breakfast and cleaning the kitchen, but not today. At the sound of his mom coughing, Jeremy knocked on h

98、er bedroom door and asked with great concern, “Mom, are you ok?” “Honey,” Mom said weakly. “I have a terrible cold. You can have cereal (燕麦) for breakfast and watch cartoons. Im going to stay in bed.”Jeremy poured some cereal into a bowl and ate the pieces dry. Mom must feel very bad if she was stay

99、ing in bed all day. How could Jeremy help? First, he wiped up the crumbs of cereal he left on the kitchen counter. He also put away the cereal box neatly, so the kitchen looked just as it did when he woke up. But what else could he do? Jeremy thought. Saturday was the day when mom did laundry. Jerem

100、y loved to watch the clothes spinning in the machine. That should be fun! He ran to his room to get the laundry basket, inside which there was his mothers favorite white dress, among other clothes and a pair of red socks.Jeremy opened the door to the washer and put the clothing inside. He had watche

101、d Mom do laundry lots of times, so he knew where to find the washing powder and how to pour it into the machine. Finally, he closed the door and pressed the big button that said “START.” Jeremy looked through the round glass window. Water was pouring in, and the machine was starting to spin, making

102、his clothing tumble around. That was easy!Jeremy watched cartoons until he heard the washing machine beep. That meant the washing was done. Jeremy opened the door to take out the damp clothes. He took out a few at a time and moved them into the dryer. Everything seemed clean, and Jeremy felt proud.

103、Then he pulled out a pink dress.注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。But he remembered there was no pink dress in the laundry basket._Holding the neatly folded pink dress, Jeremy nervously knocked at his moms bedroom door again._【答案】One Possible Version:But he remembered there was no pink dress in

104、 the laundry basket. “Where did it come from?” Jeremy wondered, reaching into the washer to take out more clothes. Then much to his astonishment, he pulled out two T-shirts, both in light pink. Realizing there was something wrong, Jeremy stood frozen, his heart sinking. While racking his brain for r

105、easons, he caught sight of the red socks, and it suddenly occurred to him that they must be to blame for the accident. With no means of handling the situation, Jeremy was in such a panic that he even thought of hiding the dress from his mom. “That isnt a positive approach to the problem,” he reminde

106、d himself. Finally, he decided to dry and fold the laundry before telling his mom everything.Holding the neatly folded pink dress, Jeremy nervously knocked at his moms bedroom door again. After what seemed like ages, he came to the bedside, his head drooping. Sensing his sons unease, his mother inqu

107、ired with concern what was wrong. “Sorry mom, I shouldnt have ruined your favorite dress.” Jeremy apologized. Stuttering out the mistake he had made, he was ready to get a good scolding for his wrongdoing. Realizing whats going on, mom smiled understandingly at Jeremy, “Never mind, dear. I know you

108、meant to help.” Then mom held the dress up before her and said in an approving tone, “You know what? I think it looks nice.” At this Jeremy beamed with relief, making a silent vow to be more careful in helping his mom out next time.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是一个周六的早上，Jeremy发现妈妈生病了，决定帮妈妈分担家务，却在洗衣服时不小心把衣服混

109、色了的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“但他记得洗衣篮里没有粉红色的连衣裙。”可知，第一段可描写Jeremy发现衣服变色并找到变色的原因。由第二段首句内容“Jeremy拿着那件叠得整整齐齐的粉红色连衣裙，紧张地再次敲了敲妈妈的卧室门。”可知，第二段可描写Jeremy向妈妈承认错误的过程。2.续写线索：发现衣服变色找到变色原因决定向妈妈承认错误获得原谅3.词汇激活行为类.拿出，取出： take out/pull out.发现，看见：see/notice/catch sight of .打算做某事：want to do/mean to do情绪类.令人惊讶的：to his astoni

110、shment/to ones surprise.积极的态度：positive approach/ positive attitude【点睛】高分句型1While racking his brain for reasons, he caught sight of the red socks, and it suddenly occurred to him that they must be to blame for the accident.（运用了while引导的状语从句的省略；that引导的主语从句）高分句型2With no means of handling the situation, Jeremy was in such a panic that he even thought of hiding the dress from his mom.（运用了such.that.如此以至于引导结果状语从句）