2021届高考英语二轮语法复习 专题5 定语从句.doc

1、定语从句教师学生时间和时段 年 月 日（ ： ： ）学科英语年级教材名称 授课题目高考一轮专题复习五：定语从句课 次第（ ）次课专题基础知识及运用【小试牛刀】1. The book tells us some skills such as how to put everything_we have learned from life into beautiful pictures. 答案：that2.-What about the meal at the party yesterday,Bob? -Oh,it was the best one_I had ever had. 答案：that3.

2、 Peter and his car_disappeared mysteriously in London in 1987 appeared mysteriously in New York in 1993. 答案：that4.During the last twenty years in the United States,many big corporations have transferred their business from big cities to the suburbs,_rents are lower. 答案：rent5.This city,_lies in the n

3、ortheast and _ I spent my childhood,has been the countrys busiest port since the 1950s. 答案：which;where6. The terrible accident happened on a day_Father left for American,a day_well never forget. 答案：when;that/which7.After about an hours drive,we reached the small town_ I was brought up,and_is located

4、 at the foot of the mountain. 答案：where;which8. I have three cars,none of_is in good condition. 答案：which I have three cars,but none of_is in good condition. 答案：them【必备知识点】1. 关系词列表关系代词先行词关系代词在从句中充当的成分that指人或物主语、宾语、表语which 指物主语、宾语、表语who 指人主语、宾语whom指人宾语whose指人或物定语as指物主语、宾语、表语关系副词先行词关系副词在从句中充当的成分when时间时间

5、状语where地点或抽象名词地点状语whyreason原因状语2. 只能用that而不能用which引导定语从句的情况a)在不定代词,如：anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which.例:Finally,the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.b)先行词有the only,the very,the just修饰时,只用that.He is the very man that helped the girl out

6、of the water.c)先行词为序数词(the last)、形容词最高级时,只用that.The first English book that I read was The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twin.d)先行词既有人,又有物时.He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited.e)当主句是以who 或which 开始的特殊疑问句时,用that 以避免重复.Who is the person that is standing at the gate.3. 只能用which而不能用t

7、hat引导定语从句的情况a) 在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词只能用which The actress always shows off,which no doubt makes other actresses unhappy.b)关系代词前面有介词时，只用which This is the room in which he lives.c)先行词为that时，只用which Whats that which is under the desk?4. 关系代词which与asa) as引导的非限制性定语从句在句中的位置比较灵活，可以放在句首、句中和句末；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在

8、先行词的后面。例：As we know,China is famous for its Four Great Inventions./China,as we know, is famous for its Four Great Inventions./China is famous for its Four Great Inventions,as we know.b)as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态。如：as is known,as was said,as is reported等。如果从句中的行为动词是主动语态，一般用which作主语。例：She has been absen

9、t again,as is expected.Tom has made great progress,which makes me very happy.【特别提醒】as常用在下列习惯用语中：as everybody can see正如人人都能看到的那样 as we had expected正如我们所预料的那样as often happens正如经常发生的那样 as has been said before正如以前所说的那样as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的 as is often the case情况往往是这样5. 关系副词where的特殊用法 where引导定语从句

10、时，先行词除了可以是表示具体地点的名词外，还可以是表示抽象地点的名词（如job,situation,condition,point,case,atmosphere,activity）【巩固练习高考真题】1. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,_lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influence the development of chopsticks. Key:who2. I lived next door to a couple_ children often make

11、 a lot of noise. Key:whose3. Many young people,most of _ were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 4. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live. Key:where5. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends. Key:w

12、hich6. Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovely music. Key:where7. The number of smokers, _ is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. Key:as8. The boos on the desk,_ covers are shiny,are prizes for us. Key:whose9. He wrote many childrens books,nearly half of _ were publ

13、ished in te 1990s. Key:which10. Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. Key:where11. China Today attracts a worldwide readership, _ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. Keys:which12. But my connection with panda

14、s goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _ I was the first Western TV reporter allowed to Key:when13. The exact year _ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. Key:that14. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at work_ a good impression is a

15、must. Key:where15. I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.16. Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.17. As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to b

16、e independent. Key:when18. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected. Key:whose19. There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science. Key:as20. I wish to thank Professor Smith,without _ help I would never have got this far. Key:whose21. 【改错】The

17、dishes what I cooked were Moms favorite. _ Keys:whatwhich/that22. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.23. Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.24. I didnt become a serious climber

18、until the fifth grade, _ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. Key: when 完形填空ich阅读下列短文,掌握其大意,从各题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 Where do you go when you want to learn something? A friend? A tutor? These are all_1_places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you rea

19、lly want _2_ somewhere else instead. I had the_3_of seeing this first hand on a_4_. My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did very well this season and so_5_a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some_6_experiences on Saturday as they played ag

20、ainst teams_7_trained. Through the first two games, her_8_did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I_9_seeing my daughter playing her best, _10_ still defeated. It seemed that something clicked with the_11_between Saturday and Sunday. When they _12_for their Sunday game, they were_13_diffe

21、rent. They had begun integrate (融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had_14_the day before into their_15_.They played aggressively and_16_ scored a goal. It _17_ me that playing against the other team was a great_18_ moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. _19_ is

22、the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be_20_what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.1.A.publicB.traditionalC.officialD.special2.A.passesB.worksC.lies D.ends3.A.dreamB.ideaC.habit D.chance4.A.tr

23、ip B.holiday C.weekend D.square5.A.won B.entered C.organized D.watched6.A.painful B. strangeC. common D. practical7.A.less B. poorly C. newlyD.better8.A.fans B.tutorsC.class D.team9. A.imagined B. hatedC. avoided D.missed10.A.if B. orC. but D. as11. A. girls B. parentsC. coaches D.viewers12. A. dres

24、sedB. showed up C. made up D. planned13. A. slightlyB. hardly C. basically D. completely14.A. seenB. known C. heard D. read15.A.stylesB.trainingC.game D.rules16. A. evenB. stillC. seldom D. again17. A. confusedB. struck C. reminded D. warned18. A. touchingB. thinkingC. encouragingD. learning19. A. E

25、xperienceB. IndependenceC. Curiosity D. Interest20.A.harmful toB.mixed with C. different fromD. applied to生词笔记整理：阅读理解Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that inf

26、ormation is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking peoples e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories. “The if it bleeds rule works for mass media,” says Jon

27、ah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and dont care how youre feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You dont want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.” Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communicatio

28、ne-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didnt necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for

29、that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more

30、likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others. Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles t

31、hat left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.” 1 .What do the classic rules mentioned in t

32、he text apply to?A. News reports. B. Research papers.C .Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations2. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?A. Theyre socially inactive.B. Theyre good at telling stories.C. Theyre inconsiderate of others.D. Theyre careful with their words.3.Which tended to be

33、the most e-mailed according to Dr. Bergers research?A . Sports new. B. Science articles.C. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews.4 .What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Sad Stories Travel Far and WideB .Online News Attracts More PeopleC. Reading Habits Change with the TimesD. Good News Bea

34、ts Bad on Social Networks生词笔记整理：Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you dont need to book. They end around 21:00.November 7thThe Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is r

35、ecognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of nanal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil enginerrs”.December 5thIce for the Me

36、tropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how Londons ice trade grew.February 6thAn Update on the Cotsword Ca

37、nals, by Liz Payne. The Smoudwater Canal is moving towards reopenling. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.March 6thEyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review o

38、f all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest. Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book More into:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson London Canal Museum 12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT www.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobi Tel:020 771308361.When is the talk on James Brind

39、ley?A. February 6th. B. March 6th. C. November 7th. D. December 5th.2. What is the topic of the talk in February?A. The Canal Pioneers. B. Ice for the MetropolisC. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals3. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.A. Miranda Vick

40、ers B. Malcolm TuckerC. Chris Lewis D. Liz Payne生词笔记整理：七选五阅读 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. _1_ . By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply

41、curious. 2 . Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ?” and then try them out. Ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 2. CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new _3 . There

42、 are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3.Personal skillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about o

43、thers? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 4 . “Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”4. Self Expression_5 there are many ways

44、 to express thoughts and ideas music, acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we cant forget science education.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we

45、 help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.答案：FCADG单词笔记整理：语法填空和短文

46、改错第一节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The adobe dwellings(土坯房)_ 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is thei

47、r 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 （use）electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_ 5_（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _6 _ (cool

48、) the house during the hot day；_7_ the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle _8_ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. As _9_ _(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figure

49、d out exactly_10_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.第二节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）One day,little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After loo

50、ks at the toy for some time,he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later.Tony saw parents.Mom said,”How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised

51、her that this would never happen again.答案：1. parentparents 2. onin 3. very去掉 4. lookslooking 5. where that6. begunbegan 7. tellingtold 8.athe 9. saw后加his 10. terrible terribly .应用文书面表达假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.表示歉意； 2.说明原因； 3.另约时间。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Bob, Im

52、 sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble. Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that well have more time to read and select books. If its convenient for you, lets meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week. Yours, Li Hua