2020_2021学年高一英语寒假提升天天练之语法Day1主谓一致含解析20210224156.doc

1、主谓一致1. A famous dancer and singer _ invited to the party and it was a great success.A. was B. were C. is D. are【答案解析】 A【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一位著名的舞蹈家和歌唱家应邀来到了晚会，晚会很成功。并列连词and后为一般过去时，所以and前的时态也应是一般过去时。主语中冠词a修饰后面的两个名词，所以这个人既是歌唱家又是舞蹈家，指一个人，谓语动词使用第三人称单数。故选A。2. Lawyers help people and _ by others.A. respects

2、B. is respected C. are respected D. respect【答案解析】 C【详解】考查语态和主谓一致。句意：律师帮助人们，同时也被人们尊重。分析句子可知，此句主语是lawyers，与动词respect之间是被动关系。lawyers是复数，谓语动词也要用复数，故选C。3. John is one of the best writers who _ published a lot of books.A. has B. have C. have been D. are【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主谓一致与现在完成时。句意：约翰是出版了许多书的最好的作家之一。分析句子，其后

3、定语从句先行词为the best writers是复数，从句中作主语，从句谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致，故其谓语形式要用复数，且约翰已经出版了很多书，为过去的动作对现在造成影响，用现在完成时，且writers与谓语动词publish是主动关系，综上所述。故选B项。4. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen _ comfortably.A. is worm B. wears C. wearing D. are worn【答案解析】 B【详解】考查固定用法。句意：这种由有经验的工匠制造的眼镜戴起来很舒服。动词we

4、ar表示“穿，戴”需用主动表被动，此处描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为This kind of glasses，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式wears。故选B。【点睛】什么情况下用主动形式表被动意义1. 连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动，因为连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式。如：The garden looks very beautiful. 这花园看上去很美。Your idea proved to be wrong. 你的想法证实是错的。2. 当open, close, shut, lock, move, re

5、ad, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义：The window wont shut. 这窗户关不上。The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。3. 有的动词本身含有被动意味，通常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如：Her skirt caught on the nail. 她的裙子被钉子钩住了。Her eyes filled with tears. 她眼睛里充满了眼泪。4. 不定式to blame, to let 用作表语时，通常要用主动表被动。如：Who is to bla

6、me? 该怪谁呢？The house is to let. 此屋出租。5. 某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：The poem is difficult to understand. 这首诗很难懂。The music isnt pleasant to listen to. 这音乐不好听。The picture is interesting to look at. 这幅画看起来挺有趣的。注：这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式，但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有convenient, danger

7、ous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, tough, tricky, unpleasant 等。5. Not only the students but also the teacher _ against the plan in yesterdays meeting.A. is B. was C. are D. were【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：在昨天的会议上，不仅学生，而且老师都反对这项计划。在由not onlybut (also)连接的并列成分作主语时

8、，其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致，本句中谓语应与the teacher保持一致，用单数，且根据后文in yesterdays meeting可知应用一般过去时was。故选B。6. Many a student in the class _ that Jack is the only one of the students who _ the chance to attend a key university.A. thinks; has B. think; have C. think; has D. thinks; have【答案解析】 A【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：班上很多学生认为Jack

9、是唯一一个有机会上重点大学的学生。根据“many a + 可数名词单数+ 谓语单数”可知，第一空谓语动词用三单现形式；第二空的主语who代指先行词the only one of the students，也是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用三单现形式，故选A项。7. I, who_your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.A. am B. is C. are D. be【答案解析】 A【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我，你亲密的朋友，将会尽我的全力帮你摆脱困境。分析句子可知，设空处是定语从句的谓语动词，结合语境可知

10、，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语who是关系代词，指代先行词I，故be动词应用am。故选A项。8. Nothing but several glasses_bought by my father the day before yesterday.A. have been B. were C. was D. would be【答案解析】 C【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：前天，我爸除了几副眼镜什么也没有买。分析句子可知，设空处是谓语动词，由the day before yesterday判断为一般过去时，but意为“除了”时适用就远原则，即谓语动词根据nothing来确定，nothing是第

11、三人称单数，且此处是被动语态，故be应用was。故选C项。9. No one in the department but Tom and I _ that the director is going to resign.A. have known B. knowC. knows D. am to know【答案解析】 C【分析】考查主谓一致。句意：除了Tom和我没有人知道经理要辞职。本句主语是短语“No one in the department but Tom and I”，谓语动词应该和no one保持一致，所以要适应单数，排除AB项，D项的主语是I，故C项正确。10. Beneath t

12、he books _ a photo, which showed the city had _ huge changes.A. were; gone through B. was; gone throughC. was; got through D. were; got through【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主谓一致和动词词组。句意：在书的下面是一张照片，它展示出这个城市已经经历的巨大变化。beneath the books是表示方位的介词短语，置句首，句子使用全部倒装，主语是a photo，故谓语动词用单数，故第一空填was；go through经受，仔细检查，通过； get throu

13、gh到达，做完，接通电话。综上，故选B。11. _of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grassA. Two fifth; is B. Two fifths; is C. Two fifth; are D. Two fifths; are【答案解析】 B【详解】考查分数和主谓一致。句意：那个地区五分之二的土地上长满了树和草。分数用“基数词+序数词”表达，分子大于1时，分母用复数形式，序数词加-s；“分数或百分数+名词”作主语时，谓语要和of后面的名词保持一致，题中the land为不可数名词，故谓语用单数形式，分数分子大于

14、1，分母用复数，Two fifths五分之二，故选B。12. More than one generation of schoolchildren by the scientists bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth in the past century.A. have been amazed B. has been amazed C. were amazed D. was amazed【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主谓一致及被动语态。句意：在过去的一个世纪里，不止一代的学生被这位科学家的勇敢和他寻找真理的

15、科学方法所震惊。分析句子，简单句中含有现在完成时的时间状语“in the past century”且备选动词和逻辑主语之间表示被动，所以此处应用现在完成时的被动。故排除C和D。“more than one+单数名词”作主语，谓语用单数。故选B项。13. Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, one of the great American novels, _ first published in the United States in 1885.A. was B. were C. has been D. had been【答案解析

16、】 A【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：马克吐温的哈克贝利芬恩历险记，美国伟大的小说之一，首次出版是在1885年的美国。根据时间状语in 1885可知，用一般过去时，主语Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数，故选A。14. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ rising these days.A. was keeping B. keepC. keeps D. were keeping【答案解析】 C试题分析：句意：正如你能看见的，道路上汽车的

17、数量这些天一直在增长。keep doing一直做，the number of 的数量，做主语谓语用单数。故选C。考点：考查主谓一致。【名师点睛】在英文的运用中,“the number of”和“a number of”有混淆的现象；它们后面的动词和名词的数常会有问题.在形式上,“the number of ”和“a number of”相差一点点,一个用定冠词 the；另一个用不定冠词 a.可是在语义和用法上,两者的差别就大了.稍微大意,就会犯了谓语动词和真正主语搭配不当的问题.“A number of”的意思是“若干”或“许多”,相当于 some 或 a lot of,和复数名词连用.当它出

18、现在主语前时,谓语动词和主语搭配.必要时,还可以加上形容词great,large,small,good 等.例如： A number of highly qualified scholars have worked in Singapore. A great number of junior college graduates opt for business administration courses. There are a large number of teaching posts yet to be filled. Only a small number of men want t

19、o be language teachers. A good number of books in the market are examination-oriented.“The number of”和“a number of”一样,跟在后头的名词也是复数的,不同的是这里的主语是单数的 the number,不是它后面的复数名词,谓语动词必须和 the number 呼应,如： The number of undergraduates has increased over the years. The number of new houses is unable to cope with t

20、he ever-growing population. The number of college graduates in a country reflects its cultural standard.这三个句子里的 the number 的性质和下列主语一样： The work of lab technicians is dull but important. The development of a language centre invariably involves long-term planning,adequate human resources,and up-to-dat

21、e facilities.11.The organisation of large-scale musical concerts calls for much time and energy.写像上面这样句子的人很多,但是由于真正主语和谓语动词隔得太远,一不小心,就出现了动词和主语不呼应的语法错误,如下：12.The number of foreign workers keep on increasing.13.The number of classrooms,offices,and teaching facilities are far from being sufficient.14.Th

22、e streaming of students in Singapore and Japan differ.15.The cause of student mobs in some countries are related to governments dictatorship,corruption and ill-treatment of undergraduates.16.The rapid opening up of Chinas economy in recent years have prompted our businessmen to venture into the Chin

23、ese market.12-16里的谓语动词全部要变成单数才对：keeps; is; differs; is related to; has prompted15. Doctors always tell us that drinking too much_our health，but some people dont care.A. is harm to B. does harmful toC is harmful to D. do harm to【答案解析】 C【详解】考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意：医生总是告诉我们，喝太多的酒会影响健康，但有些人不在乎。be harmful to sb/s

24、th“对有害处”，且本句为动名词做主语，所以be动词为is。故选C项。16. All possible means _ tried, but not every means _.A. have been; work B. has been; works C. have been; works D. has been; work【答案解析】 C【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：所有可能的方法都试过了，但不是所有的方法都有效。第一空有all来修饰means，所以谓语动词用复数形式；第二个空有every修饰means，所以用单数。故选C。17. Not only his children but also

25、 the old man _ himself with welfare projects.A. is concerned B. concerns C. are concerned D. concern【答案解析】 B【详解】考查主谓一致和动词短语。句意：不仅他的孩子，而且这位老人自己也和福利项目有关。当not onlybut also引导并列结构做主语的时候，谓语动词遵从就近一致原则，本句要和the old man保持一致，要使用单数形式。动词短语concern sb with sth意为“某人与某事有关系”，该短语与上下文语意一致。故B项正确。【点睛】本题考查了动词concern的用法：具体

26、用法如下：一、用作动词，意为“与有关；涉及”。如：Dont interfere in what doesnt concern you.别管与自己无关的事。二、用作名词。 意为“焦虑；担心”。如：There is growing concern that they may have been killed. 越来越担心他们可能已遭杀害。 意为“对某人来说最关心或最感兴趣的事”。如：Whats your main concerns as a writer? 身为作家，你对什么最感兴趣？三、常用搭配： concern oneself with / in / about sth. “忙于某事 / 关心

27、某事 / 参与某事”。如：She concerns herself with social welfare. 她从事社会福利工作。 as / so far as sb. / sth. be concerned“就某人 / 某物而言”。如：As far as Im concerned, I dont object to your decision. 就我（个人）而言，我不反对你的决定。 be concerned in / with sth. “与某物有牵连”。如：He was concerned with the crime. 他与那起罪案有关。 be concerned to do sth.“

28、把做某事视为自己的事情”。如：He is always concerned to help others.他总是把帮助别人看作是自己的事情。 show / express concern about / for “对表示关心、担心”。如：She showed a great deal of concern for her sons illness. 她非常担心她儿子的病情。 have a concern in / with “与有利害关系”。如：I have no concern with that company.我与那家公司没什么关系。 be concerned about / that

29、“关心；担心”。如：Im concerned that they may have got lost. 我担心他们可能迷路了。四、同根词： concerned形容词，意为“有关的；担心的”。如：Concerned parents held a meeting. 忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会。 concerning介词，意为“关于；有关”。如：Concerning his proposal, there are pros and cons. 关于他的提案，有赞成和反对两种意见。18. A knife and fork_needed when you try western food.A. is B

30、. are C. has D. have【答案解析】 A【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：当你尝试西餐时，需要刀叉。本句中knife and fork视为整体“一副刀叉”故谓语动词应用单数形式，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故选A。19. When and where we shall build a larger home for the aged _ to be discussed by the local government.A. remains B. remain C. is remained D. are remaining【答案解析】 A【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：我们何时何地为老年人建

31、一个更大的家还有待当地政府讨论。当由连词and连接的两个并列的成分做句子的主语的时候，如果表示的是同一事物或者同一概念的时候，谓语动词使用单数形式。根据句意说明这是指同一件事情，且句子的remain是一个系动词，没有被动形式。故选A项。20. _ of the students who took part in the military training is 450.A. A number B. A lot C. A few D. The number【答案解析】 D【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：参加军训的学生的数量是459人。A. A number of+可数名词复数，谓语是复数；B. a lot of+可数名词复数，谓语是复数；C. a few后面不加of；D. he number of+可数名词的复数“的数量”，谓语是单数形式。根据后面的谓语is，可以判断选the number，因为the number of+可数名词的复数“的数量”，谓语是单数形式。故选D项。