2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS Section Ⅰ TOPIC TALK课时检测（含解析）北师大版必修第一册.doc

1、TOPIC TALK.阅读理解ARoberto Clemente is the greatest baseball player of all time. He had an unbelievable batting average (击球率) in all seasons he played. Having won four batting titles, Gold Glove Awards twelve times, and a Most Valuable Player Award, he is certainly the best that ever played.Besides bei

2、ng the best baseball player, Roberto Clemente was also a great man and a hero. In 1972, there was an earthquake in Nicaragua. On December 31 of that year, Clemente flew to Nicaragua to take supplies to the people. Almost immediately after takeoff, the plane crashed into the Caribbean Sea.The best ho

3、nors for Clemente came after he died. He was the first Latino voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. In 1999, the city of Pittsburgh, where he played baseball, renamed a bridge after him a bridge that leads to the citys beautiful new stadium.No one summed up the life of Roberto Clemente and the baseb

4、all commissioner (总干事) when, at Clementes Hall of Fame award ceremony, he said, “He was so great a man, as a leader and humanitarian, so great an inspiration to the young and to all in baseball, especially to the proud people of his homeland, Puerto Rico.” The commissioner further honored Clemente b

5、y creating a sportsmanship award in his name.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了棒球明星罗伯托克莱门特的人生经历。1What can be concluded from Roberto Clementes trip to Nicaragua?AHe got injured in an air crash.BHe cared about people and the world.CHe donated a huge sum of money to Nicaragua.DHe earned his fame for his bravery and g

6、enerosity.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句In 1972, there was an earthquake in Nicaragua. On December 31 of that year, Clemente flew to Nicaragua to take supplies to the people.可知，在1972年尼加拉瓜发生地震后，克莱门特飞往尼加拉瓜，向那里的人民运送物资。据此可推知，克莱门特是一位关心人民和世界的人，故B项正确。2What do we know about Roberto Clemente from the passage?AHe died

7、 in Puerto Rico.BThere was a bridge built for him.CHe played baseball in Pittsburgh.DHis statue was in the Baseball Hall of Fame.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段尾句中的In 1999, the city of Pittsburgh, where he played baseball可知，他曾在匹兹堡市打过棒球，故C项正确。3What happened at Clementes Hall of Fame award ceremony?AA sportsmanship

8、award was set up in Clementes name.BClemente was voted into the Soccer Hall of Fame.CClemente gained an honor from the people of his homeland.DThe commissioner praised Clementes unbelievable batting skills.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段尾句The commissioner further honored Clemente by creating a sportsmanship award

9、 in his name.可知，为表彰克莱门特，总干事还以克莱门特的名义设立了一项体育精神奖，故A项正确。4Where is the passage most probably taken from?AA science journal.BA sports magazine.CA radio program.DA news report.解析：选B文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了棒球明星罗伯托克莱门特的人生经历。据此可推知，本文最可能选自体育杂志，故B项正确。BWe humans are addicted to sugar.That makes sense.All animals need

10、 sugar to live.Its the fuel that powers our cells.So its not surprising that were born to want the sweet stuff.Sugar stores the suns energy like a battery.After a meal, your body breaks down foods into their building blocks.It uses some sugar for energy right away.The rest get stored for the body to

11、 break down later.Its a myth that sugar makes you extremely excited, but having a sugary snack can give you a quick burst of energy.Thats because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel.When you eat other kinds of foods, like vegetables, it takes longer for your body to brea

12、k the sugar down.These days its easy to find sweet snacks.Sodas, candy, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar.Food makers add sugar, because they know that to humans, sweet makes everything taste better.Americans eat about 20 teaspoons of extra sugar every

13、day.Thats more than what is good for us.Eating too much sugar can cause more than a stomachache.It can make people overweight, decay the teeth and even cause diabetes.However, experts arent worried about naturally sweet foods the problem is added sugar.So go ahead and enjoy sweet apples or even suga

14、rrich carrots that are also full of vitamins and other good stuff.Even cake is great once in a while, as long as you dont overdo it.After all, no one wants life to be dull.And your body needs its fuel!语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了糖能给人体提供必需的能量，且易分解，并建议人们不要过多食用甜食，最好食用富含糖但也富含维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。5The first two para

15、graphs are mainly developed by _.Acause and effectBproblem and solutionCgiving examplesDmaking comparisons解析：选A写作手法题。根据第一段尾句So its not surprising that were born to want the sweet stuff.和第二段倒数第二句Thats because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel.并结合第一、二段的内容可知，第一段解释了人天生需要糖的

16、原因；第二段解释了甜食能快速补充能量的原因；据此可推知，前两段是通过解释因果的方法组织内容的，故A项正确。6People may be tricked into eating too much sugar because _.Ano one wants life to be boringBwere born to want the sweet stuffCsocalled healthy food can be packed with sugarDsugar is the fuel for the plants and animals on the earth解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第

17、一、二句These days its easy to find sweet snacks.Sodas, candy, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt，can be packed with sugar.可知，甜食随处可见，即使是看起来健康的食品也会含有大量糖分，故人们会误食很多含糖食品。故C项正确。7What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 4?AWed better say no to sweet foods.BExperts are worried about

18、 added sugar.CEating too much sugar is bad for our health.DWed better consume sugar from natural sources.解析：选D推理判断题。通读第四段可知，该段第一、二句介绍了食用过量的糖的害处；第三句说明专家对添加糖分的食品的担忧；第四句紧接着提出建议：吃富含糖但也富含维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。据此可推知，该段旨在强调，我们最好食用天然食物来摄入糖分，故D项正确。8What can be a suitable title for the text?ASugar Is EverywhereBSug

19、ar Brings HappinessCWhy Do We Love Sugar?DWhy Does Sugar Make Us Fat?解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要解释了为什么人天生需要糖分；糖分对人体的作用，并建议我们最好食用不但富含糖分、还含有维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。故C项最适合作本文标题。CRunning is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.But

20、while its long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) chemicals in the body that cause happiness are behind the socalled “runners high”， a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German

21、 universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise, along with many other chemic

22、als. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.But after being given a drug to block their endorphins they changed. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, the runners high symptoms seemed to fade.“The lon

23、gheld notion of endorphins being responsible for the runners high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out，” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on a science blog.Similar studies are yet to be carried out on huma

24、ns, but its already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.The UKs National Health Service even prescribes (开药方) exercise for patients who are suffering from depression.“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being mor

25、e active. Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression，” it wrote on its website.It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we dont fully understand where it comes from.

26、At least if were feeling down, we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探究了影响运动者情绪高涨的因素。9What did scientists from German universities recently discover?AWorking out is a highly effective way to treat depression.BThe runners high could be caused by endocannabinoids

27、.CEndorphins may contribute to ones high spirits after running.DThe level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect ones mood.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，德国一些大学的科学家们最近发现了跑步者情绪高涨可能是由内源性大麻素引起的，故选B。10The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to _.Afind what reduces the runners high symptomsBsee

28、 the specific symptoms of the runners highCidentify what is responsible for the runners highDtest what influences the level of endocannabinoids released解析：选C推理判断题。通过对第二段和第三段的整体理解，并结合第四段内容可推知，科学家们在实验中给老鼠药物是为了确定究竟是哪种物质会引起跑步者的情绪高涨，故选C。11The underlined word “notion” in Paragraph 7 has the closest meanin

29、g to “_”Aeffect BgoalCquestion Dbelief解析：选D词义猜测题。根据对全文内容的理解可知，该词所在句子与第二段内容呼应，并结合本句结构可推知，此处notion与believed相呼应，故选D。12According to the UKs National Health Service, regular workouts _.Aare the best way to treat depressionBcan help ease depression symptomsConly work for those with serious depressionDcan

30、help people completely recover from depression解析：选B细节理解题。根据倒数第三、四段和倒数第二段第二句Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的)depression可知，常规锻炼有利于情绪好转及缓解抑郁症状，故选B。.阅读七选五Everyone is aware that taking good care of our bodies can

31、prevent many medical problems from occurring later. However, we often have less awareness of preventative actions we should take to help with mental health problems. While our mental health may be fine right now, many of us will struggle at some point. _1_ Its impossible to get through life without

32、challenges, but our mental health prevention habits can help us get through difficult times. _2_Keep active. The more active you physically, mentally and socially are, the higher the level of your mental wellness is likely to be. So go for walks and learn something new. There are many other ways to

33、be active. _3_Be connected. Regular involvement in social activities with supportive friends and family improves your ability to handle disappointments, and everything else life throws at you. _4_ But you can be involved in any manner; even volunteering for an organization can help you be more socia

34、l._5_ The nature of these activities varies widely from person to person. The key is to identify what gives your life meaning. Volunteering, coaching, teaching, etc. all can contribute to increasing your sense of confidence and satisfaction with life. Many activities can address more than one. The k

35、ey is to make a plan and stick with it. If you are already struggling, begin to practice these ways to help your recovery.AHere are three practical steps.BHowever, good mental health is important.CStresses, disappointments and disasters happen.DOvercome lifes challenges before they happen.EBe commit

36、ted to activities that give life meaning.FThe key is to find what keeps you motivated and interested.GThis can be difficult when you move to a new town or as you get older.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个帮助预防心理健康问题的习惯。1选C根据上下文可知，上文的某种情况就是我们面对的挑战即C项中的压力、失望和灾难。C项承上启下，符合语境。故选C。2选A根据上下文可知，空处要具体介绍心理健康问题预防习惯，A项符合语境。故选A。3选F根据上文可知，活跃的方式有很多，F项承接上文。故选F。4选G根据上下文可知，G项承接上文，该项中的This指的是上文提到的参与社交活动；并且与下文内容构成转折关系。故选G。5选E根据文章结构可知，空处是本段中心句。结合本段内容，尤其是空后第二句可知，此段讲活动意义的重要性，E项能够引起下文。故选E。