2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 课时分层作业（十二）UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS（含解析）新人教版必修第二册.doc

1、课时分层作业(十二).阅读理解AMary Anning was an English fossil(化石) collector，dealer and paleontologist(古生物学家)Her fossilhunting helped change the way people thought about the world.Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21，1799.She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis，in Dorset.The family had nine

2、children.Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up.Marys father took his children along the beach.They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.Mary did not go to school much.Her family was too poor.And schools did not teach children about fossils.Mary could read and write.She taught herself.S

3、he learned about rocks and how bodies are made.In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils，Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock.Very carefully she uncovered it.She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur(鱼龙)Since then，Mary became craz

4、y about fossil hunting.She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm.The wind，rain and waves made the rocks crumbleIt was easy to spot fossils.Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog，Tray.Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her.They sent her money.Scientists wrote letters and came

5、 to see her.One good friend was William Buckland，a professor at Oxford University.Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils，stones and shells.She chatted with visitors.Mary Anning died in 1847.How evolution(进化) works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Marys death.Her fossils had helped sci

6、entists understand how things began.【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mary Anning的生平事迹。Mary是英国化石收藏家、经销商和古生物学家，她的化石搜寻帮助改变了人们思考世界的方式。1Why did Marys father take his children along the beach?ATo enjoy life.BTo make a living.CTo look for fossils.DTo teach them about fossils.B细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Mary was born into a poor fam

7、ily in England on May 21，1799.”和第五、六句“Marys father took his children along the beach.They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.”可知，Mary家境贫寒，父亲带着孩子们沿海滩捡贝壳和石头卖给游客，以维持生计。2What can we learn about Mary?AHer father was a paleontologist.BHer father educated her at home.CShe had nine brothers and

8、 sisters in all.DShe might be popular at that time.D推理判断题。根据第四段首句“Since then，Mary became crazy about fossil hunting.”和第五段前三句“Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her.They sent her money.Scientists wrote letters and came to see her.”以及第五句“Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils，stones and

9、shells.”等可知，自从发现了鱼龙化石，Mary就迷上了化石，有钱的朋友帮她卖化石，科学家们写信并来看她，她还开了一家商店卖化石、石头和贝壳，因此推断那时候她很受欢迎。3Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil?ACharles Darwin.BMarys dog.CJoseph.DMary.C细节理解题。根据第三段首句“In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils，Joseph sa

10、w a bone sticking out of the rock.”可知，Joseph首先看到了鱼龙化石。4What does the underlined word“crumble”in the fourth paragraph mean?ABreak.BShake.CFloat.DDive.A词义猜测题。根据第四段第二、三、四句“She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm.The wind，rain and waves made the rocks crumble.It was easy to spot fossils.”可知，她喜欢在暴风雨

11、后到海滩上搜寻化石，因为风、雨和海浪会使岩石崩裂，从而发现化石更容易。BThe words “England” and “English” are perhaps the two most misused words in the English language.The British themselves often say England and English when they really mean Britain and British.Whats the difference，you may ask.To understand the question we have to k

12、now something about the history of the country and its people.We all know that Britain is an island country separated from the European continent by the English Channel.Actually there are two main islands.The larger one is called Britain，or Great Britain，and the smaller one is called Ireland，and the

13、se two，together with many small islands make up what is called the British Isles.The British Isles is a geographical term.It is not the name of any country.At present it is made up of two countries，the larger of which is the one we very often inaccurately call England.The full official name is the U

14、nited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，but people call it Britain or Great Britain for that.It consists of England，Scotland，Wales and a small part of Irelandthe northeastern part.People still tend to call Britain England not only because England is the largest in area and the most popul

15、ous but mostly because England is the strongest and also the most influential country in every respect before it absorbed the other three countries(The whole of Ireland was part of the United Kingdom at one time)Call it national chauvinism (沙文主义) if you like，but people in England call Britain Englan

16、d out of habit rather than conscious sense of superiority，though it annoys the Welsh and especially the Scots who are proud of their separate national tradition.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。England和English可能是英语中最常被误用的两个词。英国人自己也经常说England和English，但他们真正指的是Britain和British。5The British Isles is made up of _Aone count

17、ryBtwo countriesCtwo and a half countriesDthree countriesB细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At present it is made up of two countries，the larger of which is the one we very often inaccurately call England.”可知，不列颠群岛由两个国家组成。故选B项。6The full official name of Britain is _AGreat BritainBEnglandCUnited KingdomDthe United Kingd

18、om of Great Britain and Northern IrelandD细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The full official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，but people call it Britain or Great Britain for that.”可知，英国的正式全称是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。故选D项。7People call Britain England because of all of the following EXCEPT _AEngland

19、is the largest in area and has the largest populationBpeople in England do so out of habitCEngland is the nearest to the European continentDEngland is the strongest and also the most influential in every respectC细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，人们仍然倾向于称英国为英格兰的原因里不包括英格兰是离欧洲大陆最近的。故选C项。8Whats the main idea of the passag

20、e?AThe formation of the UK.BThe chauvinism of the English.CThe location of the British Isles.DThe difference between “England”and “English”D主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，England和English可能是英语中最常被误用的两个词。英国人自己也经常说England和English，但他们真正指的是Britain和British；再由第二段中的“To understand the question we have to know something about

21、 the history of the country and its people.”可知，本文主要介绍了England和English的区别。故选D项。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Long ago，there was a big apple tree.A little boy loved to come and play around it every day.He climbed to the top of the tree，ate the apples，and took a nap under the shadow.He love

22、d the tree and the tree also enjoyed playing with him.As time went by，the little boy grew up and he no longer played around the tree.One day，the boy came back to the tree，appearing sad.“Come and play with me，” the tree asked the boy gently.“I am no longer a kid；I wont play around trees anymore，” the

23、 boy replied，“I want toys.I need money to buy them.”“Sorry，but I dont have money.However，you can pick all my apples and sell them.Then，you will have money.” The boy was so excited that he picked all the apples on the tree and left happily.The boy didnt come back after that.The tree was upset.One day

24、，the boy returned and the tree was so joyful.“Come and play with me，” the tree said.“I dont have time to play.I have to work for my family.We need a house for shelter.Can you help me？” “Sorry，I dont have a house.But you can cut off my branches to build your house.” So the boy cut off all the branche

25、s of the tree and left with delight.The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy hadnt appear since then.The tree was again lonely and sad.One hot summer day，the boy returned and the tree was delighted.“Come and play with me！” the tree requested.“I am sad and becoming old.I want to go sailing to r

26、elax myself.Can you give me a boat？” “Use my trunk to build the boat and you can sail and be happy.” So the boy cut the tree trunk to make a boat.He went sailing and did not show up for a long time.注意：1.续写词数为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。Many years later，the boy finally returned._The apple tree is our mother._【参考

27、范文】Many years later，the boy finally returned.Tired，he returned to the apple tree.Seeing him，the tree said，“Im sorry，boy，but now I have nothing for you.”“I dont intend to get anything from you.With time going by，I come to realize nothing is better than a comfortable place to rest.” said the boy.Heari

28、ng this，the tree smiled with relief，adding，“my dying trunk is suitable for you.Please come here and rest.” The boy did as told and the tree smiled heartily.The apple tree is our mother.When we are young，she tries to attend to and play with us.After growing up，we leave her for some reasons and only come back when in trouble.But she is always out there，devoting whatever she owns without complaint.It is our happiness，rather than rewards，that she desires.Therefore，try to put ourselves in her situation and show concern for her.