2019版高考（人教）英语一轮基础达标练：必修3U3 WORD版含解析.doc

1、2019版高考（人教）英语一轮基础达标练：必修3U3含答案*阅读理解。Vinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planets population survive climate change.Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSR

2、S) in Japan found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the worlds supply of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its

3、 ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸盐）the main component of vinegar.After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, before they s

4、topped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.Its hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops a

5、live. In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat and maizeand the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed（油菜籽）, Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.Kim also told the magazine hes already been in touch with people all over the world who

6、 are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isnt as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim said he and his team are working on making the process as sim

7、ple as possible. Now we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a method to apply this system, he said. And for those of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returning home from a trip to fi

8、nd our favorite flowers have died.1.What is the article mainly about? A. The worlds food supply will be increased. B. Plants better survive droughts.C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts. D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.2.It was discovered that acetate can .A. be used by farmers to

9、replace soil B. only be produced by the ArabidopsisC. help plants survive dry conditions D. be used to improve poor soil3.What are the target plants of the experiment?A. all breeding species. B. wheat and Arabidopisis.C. rice and maize. D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.4.Jong Myong Kims experiment of tr

10、ying out the method .A. can make peoples trips pleasantB. turned out a worldwide successC. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plantsD. appeals to many flower growing companies【文章大意】 本文属于科普类文章。醋不仅使食物味道更好，还可以用它来清洁你的窗户。研究发现醋中生长的植物，使它们更耐干旱。1.D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述了醋能让植物在干旱的环境中生存，即能抗击干旱，故选D。3.C 【

11、解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat and maizeand the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed,”可知在实验中，主要针对大米，小麦和玉米等。故选C。4.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的第一句“Kimhes already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple

12、 and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners”分析本句可知Kim已与对此感兴趣的花卉种植公司联系，也就是吸引这些公司。故选D。*单句语法填空1(2017北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly down the treelined street, not knowing _ she was heading.答案：where根据语境可知，此处应填关系副词where，作宾语从句的连接词，表示“不知道前往何处”。2(2017天津高考)I _(d

13、rive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.答案：was drivingbe doing. when. 是固定句式，表示“正在做这时”，从句用的是一般过去时，主句也应用过去时，且表示动作正在进行，故用过去进行时。3Today I will introduce Charles Dickens to you, the great nineteenth century English _(novel)答案：novelistnovelist名词“小说家”。4The rules of the school

14、 do not permit _(park) near the school gate.答案：parkingpermit doing sth. “允许做某事”。5We tried _(seek) an answer to the question, but couldnt find one.答案：to seektry to seek sth. “努力去寻找某物”。6The best way to experience hutong life is simply _(wander) around the alleys, either on foot or by bicycle.答案：to wan

15、der不定式短语，在本句中作表语，说明主语的具体内容。7It is very important to teach their children how to deal with others kindness and _(rude)答案：rudeness由“kindness and”可知应用所给词的名词形式rudeness。8She lay on the grass, staring at the sky _(spot) with stars.答案：spottedbe spotted with “布满着”，此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语。9The reason why he asked fo

16、r two days leave is _he had to take care of his sick son.答案：that10The results are quite contrary _my expectations, and its really frustrating.答案：tobe contrary to “与正好相反”。*完形填空。(2018山东省实验中学高三第一次模拟考试)My daughter(now 18)was born with a hemangioma tumor(血管瘤)by her eye.At first it was small, and hardly _

17、1_.After five months，it became the _2_ of a coin._3_ I took her out，people could not _4_ their comments to themselves.“Who hit her？”，“Is that a bug bite？” I never could think of a(n) _5_ response for these people.I was _6_ to be kind and understanding，and assumed that other people had also been taug

18、ht these _7_.One day I was at the _8_，with my 3yearold son，my daughter，and at this time pregnant with my third child.A woman _9_ me，I thought here we go _10_.She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to _11_ him，as he left her with a _12_.She went on to say that _13_ with these kisses were

19、always surrounded by angels.I was astonished.What a _14_，more loving approach to someone with a problem!My daughter will _15_ this year from High School.She is beautiful.Her early years were spent in and out of _16_.Finally the tumor was removed，because it _17_ her vision.It is not noticeable _18_ i

20、n the bright sun.She spent this year as the dance scholar for our school.She danced for 4 years on our dancedrill team.She had _19_ many scholarships.Her life is wonderful.The woman in the mall made me a better parent.Perhaps，this _20_ will help make someone else a better parent，too.1A.noticeableBbe

21、arableCrecognized Daccepted2A.colour BweightCsize Dwidth3A.One day BEvery timeCLater DRecently4A.make BhelpCtell Dhold5A.exact BappropriateCrude Dpractical6A.learned BbroughtCconsidered Dtaught7A.qualities BprinciplesCquestions Dopinions8A.party BofficeCmall Dmeeting9A.approached BsawCappreciated Dc

22、alled10A.now BlaterCagain Dquickly11A.understand BleaveChate Dremember12A.scar BkissCmark Dsign13A.mothers BgodsCfaces Dbabies14A.stranger BclevererCkinder Dhappier15A.develop BsucceedCgraduate Dimprove16A.hospitals BschoolsCillness Dsight17A.blocked BstoppedCinjured Ddeepened18A.despite BexceptCalt

23、hough Dbecause19A.given BprovedCleft Dreceived20A.lesson BstoryCadventure Dtumor【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一个陌生人的暖心话语使作者在女儿的问题上成为了更好的家长，她希望这个故事能够使其他的父母也成为更好的家长。1A考查形容词辨析。根据前面的“At first it was small”可知，此处应指血管瘤刚开始很小，几乎不能被注意到。A项意为“明显的”，符合语境。B项意为“可忍受的”；C项意为“公认的，经过验证的”；D项意为“可接受的”，均与语境不符。故选A项。2C考查名词辨析。上文提到，刚开始，血管瘤很小，

24、几乎不能被注意到；由“After five months”可知，此处与上文形成对比，指五个月后，血管瘤长到硬币那样大。C项意为“大小，尺寸”，符合语境。A项意为“颜色”；B项意为“重量”；D项意为“宽度”，均与语境不符。故选C项。3B考查状语从句。根据语境可知，此处指每次“我”带她出去玩的时候；分析句子结构可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，every time意为“每当的时候”，可引导时间状语从句，符合题意，而其他三项无此用法。故选B项。4D考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指人们看到“我”的女儿总是无法停下他们的评论。D项意为“停下”，符合语境。故选D项。5B考查形容词辨析。由语境可知，此处指“我

25、”从没想出一个适当的回应给这些人。B项意为“适当的”，符合语境。A项意为“精确的”；C项意为“粗鲁的”；D项意为“实用的”，均与语境不符。故选B项。6D考查动词辨析。根据下文“assumed that other people had also been taught these”中的“taught”可知，“我”被教导要善良，要体谅别人，所以“我”认为其他人也被这样教导。故选D项。7A考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“kind and understanding”可知，此处指他们也被教导这样的品质。A项意为“品质”，符合语境。B项意为“原则”；C项意为“问题”；D项意为“观点”，均与语境不符。故选A

26、项。8C考查名词辨析。根据最后一段倒数第二句“The woman in the mall made me a better parent.”中的“mall”可知，此处指一天怀孕的“我”带着女儿和3岁的儿子在商场买东西。故选C项。9A考查动词辨析。根据下文可知，此处指有一个女人向“我”走来。A项意为“靠近”，符合语境。B项意为“看见”；C项意为“欣赏，感激”；D项意为“给打电话”，均与语境不符。故选A项。10C考查副词辨析。根据上文人们看见“我”的女儿就会进行评论可知，此处指“我”想在这里“我们”会再次遭遇同样的经历。故选C项。11B考查动词辨析。根据下文内容可知，此处指那个女人说，上帝一定是不

27、想让“我”的女儿离开他。B项意为“离开”，符合语境。A项意为“理解”；C项意为“憎恨”；D项意为“记得”，均与语境不符。故选B项。12B考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“with these kisses were always surrounded by angels”可知，此处指上帝在“我”女儿的脸上留下了一个吻。B项意为“吻”，符合语境。A项意为“疤痕”；C项意为“标记”；D项意为“迹象”，均与语境不符。故选B项。13D考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指有这样吻痕的孩子会永远被天使围绕着。故选D项。14C考查形容词辨析。根据“more loving”可知，此处指这与那些总是进行评论的人相比是更

28、友善、更有爱意的方式。C项意为“更友善的”，符合语境。A项意为“更奇怪的”；B项意为“更聪明的”；D项意为“更快乐的”，均与语境不符。故选C项。15C考查动词辨析。根据“from High School”可知，此处指“我”的女儿今年会高中毕业。C项意为“毕业”，符合语境。A项意为“发展”；B项意为“成功”；D项意为“改善”，均与语境不符。故选C项。16A考查名词辨析。根据上文内容可知，作者的女儿患有血管瘤；由此可推知，为了看病，女儿早些年一定是进进出出于医院。故选A项。17A考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“Finally the tumor was removed”可知，最后，血管瘤被摘除了，因为

29、它阻碍了她的视力。A项意为“阻碍”，符合语境。B项意为“停止”；C项意为“伤害”；D项意为“加深”，均与语境不符。故选A项。18B考查词义辨析。根据语境可知，此处指现在，如果不是在明亮的阳光下，她那小小的伤疤一点也不明显。B项意为“除了”，符合语境。A项意为“不管”；C项意为“尽管”；D项意为“因为”，均与语境不符。故选B项。19D考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“many scholarships”可知，此处指女儿得到了许多奖学金。D项意为“收到，拿到”，符合语境。A项意为“给”；B项意为“证明”；C项意为“离开”，均与语境不符。故选D项。20B考查名词辨析。纵观全文可知，本文作者叙述的是一个关于

30、自己和女儿的故事。故此处表示，那个在商场里遇到的女人让“我”成为一个称职的家长。或许，这个故事也能够使其他人成为更好的家长。B项意为“故事”，符合语境。A项意为“课，教训”；C项意为“冒险经历”；D项意为“肿瘤”，均与语境不符。故选B项。长难句分析：She said that God must not have wanted my daughter to leave him, as he left her with a kiss.(第二段第一句)分析：本句是复合句。that引导宾语从句，作said的宾语；must not have done表示对过去事实的否定推测，意为“一定不”；as引导原因

31、状语从句。译文：她说上帝一定是舍不得让我的女儿离开他，因为他留给了她一个吻。词汇积累：tumor n瘤pregnant adj.怀孕的vision n视力，视线scholarship n奖学金*单句改错1We finally reached what the temple stood._答案：whatwhere本句中的stood意为“(某物)处于某一位置”，故应用关系副词where连接宾语从句。2The telephone is ringing. Answer it to see whoever is calling._答案：whoeverwhowhoever “无论谁”，可引导主语从句或让步

32、状语从句，不可引导宾语从句。本句中，应用作主语，且表示“谁”的关系代词who连接宾语从句，故改whoever为who。3After the traffic accident happened, the police were at the scene at once._答案：第一个atonon the scene “在现场”。4After the rain stopped, they went ahead their work of digging up the street._答案：ahead后加withgo ahead with sth. “(停留一段时间后)继续做某事”。5I know its dangerous to go there without a map, but Ill take an chance._答案：anatake a chance “冒险”。