2019年英语新同步外研选修八讲义：MODULE 6 SECTION Ⅲ GRAMMAR — 情态动词 WORD版含答案.doc

1、Section_Grammar_情态动词语法图解探究发现The topic of the poem cant be travel.It must be something more personal.It may be friendship.It might be the journey through life.Li Bai must have had a strange life.He cant have been interested in a normal life.He may have died when he fell out of a boat.You should read

2、the poem sometime.Could you answer a few questions, please?I told her to stop singing, but she wouldnt listen.我的发现(1)句表示推测，其中句表示对过去所发生的事情的推测。(2)句表示说话人的意愿，意为“应该”，句表示请求，句表示意愿。一、情态动词表推测(一)情态动词表推测的三种句式1在肯定句中一般用must(一定)，may(可能)，might/could(也许，或许)。You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干了一整天，一定

3、累了。The thought that she might be ill annoyed him.想到她或许病了，他就不安。2否定句中用cant/couldnt(不可能)，may not/might not(可能不)。If Tom didnt leave here until five oclock, he cant be home yet.如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。He said that I might not borrow his car.他说我可能不用借他的车。3疑问句中用can/could(能？)。Could he have finished the task?他可

4、能把任务完成了吗？Can he be at home now?他现在能在家吗？即时演练1用适当的情态动词填空He must be ill. He looks so pale.He was afraid they might not agree with him, but I am not quite sure.It cant/couldnt be the headmaster. He has gone to America.Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be?It may take a long time to find a solut

5、ion to the problem. (二)情态动词表推测的三种时态1对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词动词原形”。She must/may/might arrive before 5：00 pm.下午5：00前她一定/可能/也许到。2对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词be”“情态动词be doing”或“情态动词动词原形”。At this moment, our teacher must/may/might/could be correcting our exam papers.这时，我们老师一定/可能/也许在批改试卷。Mr. Bush is on time for everything.

6、How can/could he be late for the opening ceremony?布什先生一向准时，这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢？3对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词have过去分词”。I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我一定是睡着了。The door is locked. He can not have been at home.门锁着，他不可能在家。(三)情态动词表推测的特殊用法(1)can除了表示推测，用于疑问句和否定句中外，还可以用于肯定句中，表示“在某段时间内一时的可能性”。It can b

7、e quite windy there, especially in spring.那里有时容易刮风，特别在春季。(2)must表示“一定，非得；偏要”，语气强烈。If you must ask for a leave today, you must give out your reason.如果今天你非要请假的话，你就得说出理由。即时演练2(1)单句语法填空Listen, he must be_reading (read) English. Since nobody gave him any help, he must have_done (do) the research on his o

8、wn.It is important to know about the cultural differences that may cause (cause) problems.(2)选词填空(must/may/might/can/cant) If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.We enjoy good weather in January, but sometimes it can be terribly cold. I havent decided where Im going for my holiday. I

9、may/might go to France. The story he told cant be true, because it is not reasonable. Can they finish this before the deadline? 二、should, could, would的用法(一)could的用法1表示过去一般的能力(即想做某事就随时可以做某事的能力)。Could you speak English then?那时候你会说英语吗？名师点津若表示过去的特定能力(即在过去特定场合做某事的能力)，则不能用could，而用was (were) able to do sth

10、.或用managed to do sth.或用succeeded in doing sth.等。The fire was very big but everyone was able to escape from the building.火势很凶猛，但大家都逃了出来。2could表示推测，表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。在肯定句中没有must那么有把握；在否定句中没有cant那么有把握。He couldnt be a bad man.他不大可能是坏人。He could have gone home. 他可能已回家了。3比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。Could you drive me t

11、o the station? 你可以开车送我去车站吗？We could take the train or alternatively go by car. 我们可以坐火车去，也可以坐汽车去。4表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。How could he say such a thing!他竟说出这种话来！5could have done表示“可能已经”。此外，它还可以表示“本能够做某事(而没有做)”，暗含惋惜之情。You could have done better if you had been more careful.你要是再细心一点，是可以做得更好的。(二)should的用法1表示义务、建

12、议、劝告，意为“应该”，用于各种人称。其同义词是ought to。Every citizen should obey the law. 每个公民都应当遵守法律。You shouldnt waste any time.你不应该浪费时间。2表示推测：用于肯定句，表示按常规、常理的推测，意为“按理说应该”。The film should be very good as it is starring firstclass actors. 这部电影是一流演员主演的，应该拍得很好。If all goes according to plan we should be in Shanghai tomorrow

13、.如果一切按照预定的计划进行，明天我们就在上海了。3表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。It is a pity that he should miss such a golden opportunity.他竟错过如此大好机会，真可惜。4用于某些从句中表示虚拟语气。She suggested that they should book the ticket in advance. 她建议他们预先订票。5should have done sth.表示“本应该做某事(而事实上并没有做)”。shouldnt have done sth.表示“本不该做某事(而事实上做了)”。

14、You should have turned in your homework yesterday. 你们本该昨天交作业。 (三)would的用法1表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。在疑问句中用于第二人称。Would you please lend me your pencil? 请把铅笔借给我用用好吗？2表示意愿，在陈述语气和虚拟语气中都可用。He would not leave before he finished his work.他在完成工作以前不愿离开。3表示过去的习惯、例行的活动或过去的一种倾向。He would sit at the table, deep in t

15、hought.他总是坐在桌边，陷入沉思。4用在虚拟语气的主句中。If you went to see him, he would be delighted.如果你去看他，他一定非常高兴。She would have come if she hadnt been so busy.要不是因为忙她就来了。即时演练3(1)选词填空(could/should/would)I dont like fish, so I would not eat it unless I was extremely hungry.Every time she was in trouble, she would turn to

16、 him for help.We should have checked the time before we left.You cant imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. I could not have enjoyed myself more it was a perfect day. You could have done it well, but you were too careless.(2)完成句子They were_able_to_escape from the flood.他们成

17、功地从洪水中逃离。He would_read_aloud in the morning when he was a student.他过去上学时总是在早晨大声朗读。We should_not_have_made_fun_of her in the classroom.我们本不应当在教室里开她的玩笑。If the car should_break_down on the way, you would have to walk back.万一汽车中途抛锚，你就得走回来。Could/Can/May I use the phone?我可以用这个电话吗？.用适当的情态动词填空1(2017北京高考)Sam

18、uel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach the books on the top shelf.2(2016全国卷)Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might be_made (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.3(2016北京高考改编)I love the weekend, because I need not get up early on Saturdays and

19、Sundays.4(2015北京高考)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late. I really must go now. My daughter is home alone.5(2015福建高考)Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.Oh, its too bad. You should have made full preparations.6(2015陕西高考)You may/might feel all the training a waste of time, but Im a

20、hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.7(2015四川高考)You must be careful with the camera. It costs!8(2015重庆高考)You must be Carol. You havent changed a bit after all these years.9The traffic is heavy these days. I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?10. When he was ther

21、e, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. .完成句子1(2017全国卷书面表达)If you will join, you_may_send_your_information_to intlpasspptgmschool. com.如果你想加入，你可以往intlpassppt.发送你的个人信息。2(2016全国卷书面表达)Id appreciate it if you_could_do_me_a_favor.如果你能帮助我，我会非常感激。3(2016全国卷书面表达)Im sorry to say

22、 that I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you on Friday afternoon.非常抱歉星期五下午我不能和你去书店了。4(2015四川高考满分作文)You mentioned that you would_like_to_teach_English in return, which is exactly what I am dying for. 你提到你愿意教英语作为回报，这正是我所渴望的事。5(2015陕西高考书面表达)I will be grateful if you could_give_me_a_kind_consideration.如果

23、你能多加关照，我将不胜感激。6We could_have_finished it yesterday, but we ran out of time.我们昨天就应该做完这件事的，但我们没有时间了。7Its strange that he should_be_late on such an important occasion.很奇怪，这么重要的一个场合他竟然迟到了。.短文改错I was real sad when I found my bicycle went wrong again. Tired of repairing it again and again, I decided buy a

24、 new one. After school, I went to a shop locating in the center of the city with a friend called Jack. The black bicycle attracted my eyes as soon as we went into the store. It looked so cool that I couldnt hardly wait to ride it. The shopkeepers told us that it was the latest bicycle.He wanted to c

25、harge me for 800 yuan, that was too high for me. I just mustnt afford such an expensive one. Then I choose another one, which cost me only 200 yuan. It was not perfect, so it was much better than the old one.答案：第一句：realreally第二句：buy前加to第三句：locatinglocated第四句：第一个TheA第五句：couldntcould第七句：去掉第一个for; thatwhich第八句：mustntcouldnt第九句：choosechose第十句：sobut