2022河南省部分市高二下学期期末英语考试题语法填空专题.docx

1、2022河南省部分市高二下学期期末英语考试题语法填空专题01【南阳市2022-2022高二下期末】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SpaceX launches two NASA astronauts to spacefor the first time in historic US missionSpaceX has begun _41_ new chapter in the history of United States space fight.Elon Musks private space company on Saturday launched NA

2、SA _42_ (astronaut) Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley into orbit, successfully _43_ (begin) SpaceXs first crewed mission. The companys Falcon 9 rocket and Crew Dragon spacecraft took off from NASAs Kennedy Space Center in Florida _44_ 3:22 p.m. ET. The capsule is the first _45_ (private) designed and buil

3、t spacecraft _46_ (carry) astronauts to space and is bound for the International Space Station.Beyond the achievement for SpaceX, the launch represents the first time NASA _47_ (launch) its own astronauts since the end of the space shuttle program nearly a decade ago.“It was _48_ (incredibly),” NASA

4、 astronaut Bob Behnken said of the launch, moments after the spacecraft reached orbit. “Appreciate all the hard work and thanks for the great ride to space.”Known as Demo-2, the launch represents the culmination of SpaceXs work thus far. Musk _49_ (found) the company in 2022 and has since declared i

5、ts informal credo to be “making humanity a multi-planetary species.” To date, SpaceX has launched dozens of satellites and spacecraft _50_, before Saturday, it had never put a human in space.【答案】41. a 42. astronauts 43. beginning 44. at 45. privately 46. to carry 47. has launched 48. incredible 49.

6、founded 50. but / yet【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。在历史性的美国任务中，SpaceX首次将两名美国宇航局宇航员发射到太空。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：SpaceX已经开始了美国太空战斗史上的新篇章。chapter“章”是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且new以辅音音节开头，应使用不定冠词a。故填a。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：埃隆马斯克的私人航空公司上周六将美国宇航局宇航员鲍勃贝恩肯和道格赫利送入轨道，成功地开始了SpaceX的第一次载人飞行任务。astronaut是可数名词，由Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley可知，指两个宇航员，应用名词复数。故填a

7、stronauts。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词launched，故begin用非谓语动词形式做状语，begin与逻辑主语Elon Musks private space company是主动关系，应用现在分词做状语。故填beginning。【44题详解】考查介词。表示时间用介词at，表示“在下午3:22”。故填at。【45题详解】考查副词。修饰非谓语动词designed，应用副词privately做状语，故填privately。46题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，carry astronauts to space是目的状语，应用不定式形式，故填t

8、o carry。【47题详解】考查动词时态。句意：除了SpaceX的成就外，这次发射是美国宇航局自近十年前航天飞机计划结束以来第一次发射自己的宇航员。根据时间状语since the end of the space shuttle program nearly a decade ago.可知，表示从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，且主语NASA是第三人称单数。故填has launched。【48题详解】考查形容词。was是系动词，接形容此处作表语，incredibly是副词，形容词是incredible。故填incredible。【49题详解】考查动词时态。分析句子可知，found

9、做句子谓语动词，由时间状语in 2022可知，用一般过去时。故填founded。【50题详解】考查连词。句意：到目前为止，SpaceX已经发射了几十颗卫星和航天器，但是在星期六之前，它从未将人类送入太空。前后文是转折关系。故填but /yet。02【濮阳市2022-2022高二下期末】第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Peking University is a major Chinese research university in Beijing. _41_ (found) in 1898, it served

10、_42_ the first modern national university in China. By the early 1920s, Peking University _43_ (become) a center for Chinas emerging (新兴的) progressive thought. The university had played _44_ important role in the birth of Chinas many significant events. Also, Peking University has educated and hoste

11、d many outstanding modern Chinese _45_ (figure).Peking Universitys school library is one of the _46_ (large) libraries in the world with over 8 million volumes. In _47_ (add) to academics, Peking University is _48_ (especial) well-known for its campus, _49_ now lies in northwest Beijing, near the Su

12、mmer Palace. The beauty of _50_ (it) traditional Chinese architecture is also highly appreciated by the architects and tourists.【答案】41. Founded 42. as 43. had become 44. an 45. figures 46. largest 47. addition 48. especially 49. which 50. its【解析】这是一篇说明文。北京大学是中国最著名的大学之一。本文介绍了它的历史和文化。同时也介绍了它的图书馆和美丽的校园

13、建筑。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知found在句中应用非谓语动词，与逻辑主语it构成被动关系，故应用过去分词。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Founded。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：始建于1898年，它作为中国第一所现代化的国立大学。结合句意表示“充当，作为”短语为serve as。故填as。【43题详解】考查动词时态。句意：到20世纪20年代初，北京大学已经成为中国新兴进步思想的中心。根据上文By the early 1920s可知“by+表示过去的时间点”，表示“到为止，在之前”在句中做状语的时候，主句中谓语动词应用过去完成时，故填had become。【44题详解】考查

14、冠词。句意：这所大学在中国许多重大事件的发生中发挥了重要作用。结合句意表示“在发挥重要作用”短语为play an important role in。故填an。【45题详解】考查名词的数。figure为可数名词，表示“人物”，由many修饰应用复数形式。故填figures。【46题详解】考查最高级。句意：北京大学图书馆是世界上最大的图书馆之一，藏书超过800万册。结合句意表示“最大的”应用形容词最高级，结构one of+形容词最高级，故填largest。【47题详解】考查固定短语。句意：除了学术之外，北京大学还以它的校园而闻名，它现在位于北京西北部，靠近颐和园。结合句意表示“除了之外”短语为i

15、n addition。故填addition。【48题详解】考查副词。修饰后文well-known应用副词especially，表示“特别，尤其”。故填especially。【49题详解】考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词campus，且从句中缺少主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用关系代词which。故填which。【50题详解】考查代词。空后的architecture是中心名词，所以本空为形容词性物主代词作定语。故填its。03【商丘市2022-2022高二下期末】第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词

16、的正确形式。Often, news reports on health and medicine can be confusing. Large newspapers, magazines, TV networks, and radio stations often have medical_41_（journalist） to cover developments in health and medicine. Their job is to report scientific information in a way thats easy for ordinary people_42_(u

17、nderstand). Many health stories are _43_ (accuracy) and balanced. But not all are. Sometimes, a journalist tries to quickly change information to a short news story, and he/she may oversimplify the information. In that case, _44_you see may not be the whole picture.So you need to get closer to a _45

18、_ (true) when you come across a news report online. To achieve this, ask _46_ (you) whether the news is based on a scientific study. Sometimes, although a study _47_ (do) in people, it may not apply_48_you. For example, findings from studies involving only adults may not be true for teens. So _49_ (

19、know) the studys process matters too. Besides, you can put keywords from _50_ news report into a search engine and see what comes up. The results will give you many different perspectives(观点) so youre not relying on just one news report for the facts.【答案】41. journalists 42. to understand 43. accurat

20、e 44. what 45. truth 46. yourself 47. is done 48. to 49. knowing 50. the【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述网上有很多健康报道是不科学的，需仔细辨别。【41题详解】考查名词复数。句意：大的报纸、杂志、电视网站和广播站常常有医疗记者来报道健康和医药的发展。journalist是可数名词，根据“Large newspapers, magazines, TV networks, and radio stations”可知，此处应使用复数形式，故填journalists。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的工作是用一种普通人

21、能理解的简单方式报道科学信息。“it is+形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是的”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，故填to understand。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：很多健康故事是准确的、全面公正的。根据空前的are可知，空处应填一个形容词和balanced并列作表语，故填accurate。【44题详解】考查主语从句。句意：在那种情形下，你所看到的并不是整个画面。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示“看到的东西”，应使用what引导，故填what。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：所以当你在网上看到一篇新闻报道时，你需要更

22、接近真相。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，空处应填一个名词，故填truth。【46题详解】考查反身代词。句意：为了达到这个目标，问问你自己这个新闻是否以科学的调查为基础。分析句子结构可知，本句是祈使句，省略了主语you，空处作宾语，应使用相应的反身代词yourself，表示“问你自己”，故填yourself。【47题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：有时，尽管一项调查是在人群中完成的，但它可能不适用于你。根据时间状语Sometimes可知用一般现在时，且主语a study和动词do之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，主语是单数，故填is done。【48题详解】考查介词。apply to是固定搭配，

23、意为“适用于”，故填to。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以知道研究过程也重要。分析句子结构可知，空处作主语，应使用动名词形式，故填knowing。【50题详解】考查冠词。句意：此外，你可以把新闻报道中的关键词放进搜索引擎中，看看会出现什么。news report在上文中已出现，此处表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰，故填the。04【信阳市2022-2022高二下期末】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In the fight against the SARS epidemic (疫情) 17 years ago, Zhong Nanshan beca

24、me a hero in the _41_ (heart) of many Chinese people, _42_ were calmed by his words and listened to his advice. Today, this hero comes to the focus once again and continues to reassure people while the nation is battling _43_ the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP).When the NCP was first reported in l

25、ate December, the National Health Commission organized high-level experts to investigate the novel coronavirus. As a leading Chinese respiratory expert, Zhong _44_ (appoint) the head of the expert team. Despite being 84, he took on the task _45_ (immediate) and headed to Wuhan, _46_ center of the di

26、sease.In 2022, Zhong became a _47_ (trust) expert due to his _48_ (devote) to truth in the fight against SARS. Still _49_ (lead) the fight against the novel coronavirus, Zhong maintains his role of telling the truth and reassuring the public. As he told Beijing Television, in this critical situation

27、, “morale, unity and cooperation _50_ (be) very important.”【答案】41. hearts 42. who 43. against 44. was appointed 45. immediately 46. the 47. trusted 48. devotion 49. leading 50. are【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国呼吸科专家钟南山不仅在17年前的非典中做出了贡献，也在今年新冠病毒斗争中，接受了任务，前往疾病中心武汉奉献自己的力量。【41题详解】考查名词的数。本句意为“钟南山成为许多中国人心中的英雄”，此处指“许

28、多中国人的心中”，“心”在这里是复数，heart可数名词，其复数形式可加s。故填hearts。【42题详解】考查非限制性定语从句关系词。先行词many Chinese people后接一个非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。【43题详解】考查介词。本句意为“今天，在国家正在与新型冠状病毒肺炎作斗争时，这位英雄再次成为焦点，并继续安抚人们。”，固定搭配battle against sth.（与某事作斗争）。故填against。【44题详解】考查时态和语态。句子讲述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，主语Zhong和谓语appoint是被动关系，要用一般过去

29、时的被动语态（was/were done），主语Zhong是单数，应用was appointed。故填was appointed。【45题详解】考查副词。immediate要修饰动词短语took on，副词修饰动词，此空用副词形式。故填immediately。【46题详解】考查冠词。本句意为“尽管已经84岁了，他还是立即接受了这项任务，并前往武汉（疾病的中心）。”，武汉是疾病中心，疾病中心特指武汉，用定冠词the表特指。故填the。【47题详解】考查过去分词。本句意为“2022年，由于在抗击非典的斗争中忠于真理，他成为一位被（人）信赖的专家。”，此处用过去分词表被动，作形容词使用，作定语，修饰

30、名词expert。故填trusted。【48题详解】考查名词。该空前是形容词性物主代词his，后面接名词形式。故填devotion。【49题详解】考查现在分词。本句已有谓语动词maintains且无连词，此空用非谓语形式，主语Zhong和动词lead是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填leading。【50题详解】考查主谓一致。本句意为“正如他在接受北京电视台采访时所说，在这种危急的形势下，“士气、团结与合作非常重要。”，该句是钟南山说的话，在引号当中，表当时说的话，应用一般现在时，主语morale, unity and cooperation是三种不同的事物，是复数，主

31、谓一致，谓语用复数形式。故填are。05【郑州市2022-2022高二下期末】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。Before you throw an empty plastic bottle into the recycling dustbin, you should make sure that the lid (盖子) is still attached. This advice seems to go against everything _41_ we have been taught before. Its true

32、that bottles and lids are typically made of different kinds of plastic. In the past, the plastic recycling industry was not _42_ (effective) recycling bottles with lids on so the message to remove the lid _43_ (create).Recycling _44_ (technology) have improved since then, and keeping the lid on is n

33、o longer a problem now. The two parts are separated naturally in a process _45_ (refer) to as a water bath. The bottles float and the lids sink, which makes it easy _46_ (separate) them. On the other hand, removing the lids can cause them to be sorted improperly in the recycling process. Because of

34、their small size, separate lids are often sorted _47_ piles of landfill (垃圾填埋) waste. They are also common ocean pollutants, and can be _48_ (harm) to animals in the ocean.Its also common for people to crush (挤压变形) plastic bottles before _49_ (throw) them into the dustbin, but that should also be av

35、oided. Thats _50_ they could be confused for paper during the sorting process and end up in the wrong place.【答案】41. that 42. effectively 43. was created 44. technologies 45. referred 46. to separate 47. into 48. harmful 49. throwing 50. because【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在回收塑料瓶时不要拧下瓶盖，因为拧下的瓶盖会被当成可填埋垃圾。此外，文章建

36、议扔塑料瓶时不要挤压，因为这样它们会被当作废纸回收。【41题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词everything在从句中充当宾语，不定代词做先行词，应用关系代词that。故填that。【42题详解】考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词recycling，故填effectively。【43题详解】考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处是so引导句子的谓语动词，由上文的was判断为一般过去时，主语message和create之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填was created。【44题详解】考查名词的数。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为句子主语

37、，由have improved判断主语应是复数名词，故填technologies。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，refer to的逻辑主语process和它之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填referred。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。根据固定句型make it + adj. + to do sth.“使做某事怎么样”，可知此处应用不定式，it是形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语，故填to separate。【47题详解】考查介词。此处是固定短语sortinto“把分成/归类为”，故填into。【48题详解】考查形容词此处考查固定短语be harmful to“对有害”，故填harmful。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。此处应用throw的动名词作为介词before的宾语，故填throwing。【50题详解】考查连接词。句意：那是因为在分类的过程中它们可能被错误地当成纸张，最后去了不该去的地方。分析句子可知，此处是表语从句连接词，从句成分完整，但缺少“因为”之意，应用because引导，故填because。12 / 12