2020-2021学年英语新教材外研版必修第一册学案：UNIT 3 突破语法大冲关 WORD版含解析.doc

1、一、一般现在时构成：动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式。观察例句I often read books in my spare time.业余时间我经常看书。Mary is good at music.玛丽擅长音乐。The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。Youll make great progress if you work hard！你如果努力学习，就会取得很大进步。The train leaves at 7：25 this evening.火车今晚7：25开。归纳用法1一般现在时表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常和often，always，u

2、sually，sometimes，every day，once a week，rarely，seldom，hardly，ever，never等表示频率的时间状语连用。2一般现在时用于描述主语的特征、性格、能力等。3一般现在时用于陈述客观事实或普遍真理。4在主从复合句中，当描述将来的事情时，主句用将来时，条件状语从句、时间状语从句和让步状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。5一般现在时表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的动作，通常限于表示“位置转移”的非延续性动词(词组)，如go，come，leave，start，begin，open，close，arrive，take off等，其后常跟有表示将来

3、的时间状语。即时训练1用所给词的适当形式填空1He always sleeps (sleep) with the windows open.2The sun rises (rise) in the east.3The volleyball match will be put off if it rains(rain)4He likes (like) playing basketball while his brother loves (love) surfing the Internet.5The concert begins (begin) at 7：30 and ends (end) at

4、 9：30.二、现在进行时构成：is/am/are现在分词观察例句All the classmates are reviewing the lesson in the classroom now.同学们正在教室里复习功课。These days we are helping the farmers work on the farm.这些天我们一直在农场帮农民们干活。She is always thinking of others instead of herself.她总是想着别人而不是她自己。The boy is constantly asking such silly questions.那

5、个男孩老是提这种愚蠢的问题。Mr.Smith is leaving for Nanjing tonight.史密斯先生今晚去南京。The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon.会议在下午三点开始。归纳用法1现在进行时表示现在或目前一段时间内正在进行的动作，常与now，at present，at this moment，these days，this week/month等时间状语连用。2现在进行时常与always，continually，constantly，forever等表示频度的副词连用，表示经常、反复发生的动作，常含有厌烦、责备、愤怒

6、、抱怨、赞扬等情感。3现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，主要用于表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。常与come，go，leave，depart，arrive，stay，start/begin，lecture，take off等动词(词组)连用。即时训练2完成句子Listen! Someone is singing in the next room(在隔壁房间唱歌)At present，scientists are looking for a cure for cancer(正在寻找治疗癌症的方法)He is always thinking more of himself(总是为自己想得多) but l

7、ittle of others.I am leaving for Shanghai(即将动身去上海) the day after tomorrow but my uncle is returning from abroad (要从国外回来)tomorrow.Dont make any noise! The baby is sleeping(在睡觉)三、现在完成时构成：have/has过去分词。观察例句I have already made a plan for my study ahead of time.我已经提前制定了学习计划。We have learned English for eig

8、ht years.我们学英语八年了。He has lived in London since three years ago.自从三年前他就住在伦敦。It is the first time I have driven a car.这是我第一次开车。This is the most interesting film that he has made.这是他拍过的最有趣的电影。Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.车未停稳，不要下车。归纳用法1现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成一定的影响或结果，常与already，yet，never，befo

9、re，so far，up to now等连用。2现在完成时所表示的动作从过去开始持续到现在，也许还会继续下去。常用的时间状语有：for时间段，since过去的时间点，so far，recently，lately，this week，this month，this year，these days，during/in the last/past few years等。3在“It/This is the first/second.last time从句”与“It/This is the序数词或形容词最高级名词that从句”这两个句型中，从句中的谓语要用现在完成时。4现在完成时可用在状语从句中代替将来

10、完成时，这时从句的动作要先于主句的动作发生。即时训练3单句语法填空The report went missing in 2012 and nobody has seen(see) it since.It is the second time that I have made (make) the mistake.I have been (be) here since I came (come) two years ago.Chinas highspeed railways have grown (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometres in the past

11、 few years.He has worked (work) here for over twenty years.四、一般将来时构成：shall/will动词原形观察例句I will / shall go to visit him next week.下周我将去拜访他。Tom was injured badly in the accident yesterday.Oh，I didnt know.I will see him after work.汤姆在昨天的事故中受伤很严重。噢，我不知道。我下班后去看他。Wherever he goes，he will take an umbrella w

12、ith him.无论到哪儿，他总是带着一把伞。Oil will float on water.油总是浮在水面上。归纳用法1shall/will动词原形，表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态，特别是表示客观性的事情或在某条件下临时决定去做的事情只能用此结构。2will动词原形，还表示习惯性动作或未来的倾向。3表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可用以下形式：(1) be going to动词原形，表示即将发生的事情或近期准备、打算、有迹象表明要做某事。(2) be (just) about to动词原形，表示即将发生的事，常译为“刚要，就要”，不能与表示将来的具体时间状语连用，但常与when连用。(3)

13、 be to do表示按计划、职责、义务、约定要发生的动作。即时训练4完成句子What time is it?I have no idea.But just a minute，I will check it for you(我去帮你查看一下)They are to meet at the school gate(将在学校门口见面)The new school year is about to begin(即将开始)I am going to visit the volunteers(打算去拜访那些志愿者们) this evening.President Xi is to visit that

14、country(将访问那个国家) next week.五、一般过去时动词过去式。观察例句I graduated from No.1 Middle School three years ago.三年前我从一中毕业。I had two eggs and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning.今天早上我吃了两个鸡蛋，喝了一杯牛奶。Your phone number again? I didnt quite catch it.再说一遍你的电话号码好吗？我刚才没听见。She got up，washed her face，cleaned her teeth，

15、had her breakfast and then went to work.她起床后，洗完脸，刷完牙，吃过早饭，然后就去上班了。When I was a teenager，I played table tennis almost every day.我十几岁时，几乎每天都打乒乓球。Her father usually did some housework at home last year.她爸爸去年常常在家做些家务。I didnt know you were here.How long have you been here?我不知道你在这里，你来了多久了？We would not lea

16、ve until the teacher came back.直到老师回来我们才离开。归纳用法1一般过去时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与明确表示过去的时间状语，如：yesterday，last week，in 1949，once，in the past，a few days ago等连用。注意：有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态时，也要用一般过去时。2一般过去时表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。3一般过去时表示过去一段时间内经常发生的或习惯性的动作。常与often，usually，sometimes等表示频度的词连用。4一般过

17、去时表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。5在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过去将来时，表示过去将要发生的动作。即时训练5单句语法填空I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I asked (ask)，“ What do you wish me to do now？”When he was in Hangzhou，he often took (take) a walk after work.Tom was late.He opened (open) the door quietly，moved in and walked (walk) care

18、fully to his seat.Tom said he would come if I promised (promise) to wait for him.Lucy turned (turn) off all the lights before she went out.单句语法填空1My brother plays (play) football quite well，but he hasnt played (not play) it since last year.2Hurry up，Peter! The taxi is waiting (wait) for us at the ga

19、te of the hotel.3This is the first time I have come (come) to Chengdu and I am deeply impressed with its delicious food.4He is going to visit his grandparents as soon as he arrives (arrive) in Beijing.5The teacher told us that light travels (travel) faster than sound.6We went (go) to the cinema last

20、 night.The film was (be) very good.7I thought I had reminded you to take out the rubbish.Oh，I forgot.I will do (do) it right now.8This song sounds very pleasant.Lets go upstairs and see who is singing (sing)9The little girl is very happy，because she has sold (sell) out all the flowers.10The ship lea

21、ves (leave) the port at 8 oclock tomorrow morning.完成句子1除非我亲眼看到，否则我不会相信你的。I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.2哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。Columbus proved that the earth is round.3我从那所大学毕业已经十年了。Ten years has passed since I graduated from the university.4这是我第一次离开家人这么长时间。This is the first tim

22、e that I have been away from my family for such a long time.5我不能帮助你做家务，因为我现在在做作业。I cant help you with the housework because I am doing my homework now.短文语法填空Have you ever been to an amusement park? My parents and I 1.will go (go) to visit the biggest amusement park in our city next weekend.Actually，

23、this will be the third time that I have visited it.Last night，I 2.spent (spend) two hours making some preparations.Now，I 3.am telling (tell) something I know about amusement parks to you.An amusement park 4.is (be) an outdoor area with games，rides and shows.Both young and old visitors can enjoy many

24、 types of 5.attractions(attract)It also 6.offers (offer) restaurants and bars where customers can eat and drink.So far，most of the amusement parks 7.have been replaced (replace) by theme parks.These places focus 8.on a certain topic of history or natural life.The first theme park，Disneyland，opened in California in 1955.It is likely that my parents 9.will take(take) me to the Shanghai Disneyland next summer holiday.I look forward to 10.visiting (visit)it soon.