2020-2021学年人教版英语选修8习题：UNIT 2　SECTION Ⅲ— GRAMMAR WORD版含解析.docx

1、Unit2CloningSectionGrammar课后篇巩固探究一、单句改错1.Do you know that of them will be our new headmaster?答案thatwhich2.I asked him that he had done it all himself or whether someone had helped him.答案thatwhether3.I am very interested in what he has improved his English in such a short time.答案whathow4.Why we need

2、is more money.答案WhyWhat5.The report what he was going to resign was false.答案whatthat6.There is no doubt whether Mr Smith will sign the contract with us.答案whetherthat7.I have no idea how we can do with these waste materials.答案howwhat二、把下面的句子改为含有同位语从句的复合句1.We were cast down when we knew that our baske

3、tball team had been defeated.答案The fact that our basketball team had been defeated cast us down.2.They are arguing about whether we can clone human beings.答案They are having an argument whether we can clone human beings.3.Everyone should believe that nature should never be destroyed.答案Everyone should

4、 have the belief that nature should never be destroyed.4.She has promised to make experiments on cloning a monkey.答案She has made a promise that she will make experiments on cloning a monkey.三、完成句子1.He told me the news (他所有的艰苦工作终于有了回报).答案that all his hard work had finally paid off2.Some subjects,(例如数

5、学和物理),are very difficult to learn.答案such as maths and physics3.The problem (我们是否继续做这个实验)has been solved.答案whether we should continue to do the experiment4.(故事是这样的)William Tell killed the King with an arrow.答案The story goes that5.The suggestion (在公共场所禁止吸烟) is necessary.答案that smoking should be forbid

6、den in public places6.We should consider the students request (学校图书馆应该提供更多的图书) on popular science.答案that the school library provide more books四、阅读理解When a leafy plant is under attack,it doesnt sit quietly.Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees gettin

7、g bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.Scientists have found tha

8、t all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.Its a plants way of crying out.But is anyone listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbors react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different

9、 insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors,relati

10、vely speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk to each other?Scientists dont know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches,and so,in effect,was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbors just ha

11、ppened to “overhear” the cry.So information was exchanged,but it wasnt a true,intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin,over 150 years ago,imagined a world far busier,noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.Theres a whole lot going on.1.What does a plant

12、 do when it is under attack?A.It makes noises.B.It gets help from other plants.C.It stands quietly.D.It sends out certain chemicals.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段的“.sendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplant.”可知,当植物受到袭击时,它们会释放出某种化学物质。因此D项正确。2.What does the a

13、uthor mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3?A.The attackers get attacked.B.The insects gather under the table.C.The plants get ready to fight back.D.The perfumes attract natural enemies.答案A解析词义猜测题。前文说,有些植物释放出一些难闻的化学物质赶走害虫,而另一些植物会释放出一些香味吸引这些害虫的天敌。一旦这些天敌到达,这些害虫就会受到攻击,因此thetablesareturned的意思是“

14、攻击者受到攻击”,故A项正确。3.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .A.predict natural disastersB.protect themselves against insectsC.talk to one another intentionally D.help their neighbors when necessary答案B解析推理判断题。根据第四段可知,研究表明,植物们能保护自己不受害虫的侵袭。4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.The world

15、 is changing faster than ever.B.People have stronger senses than before.C.The world is more complex than it seems.D.People in Darwins time were more imaginative.答案C解析推理判断题。文章最后一段说,150多年前,达尔文曾经设想一个比我们所看到和听到的更加忙碌、更加喧闹、更加亲密的世界。作者说,我们的感觉非常微弱,世界非常复杂。因此C项正确。五、七选五阅读理解Develop“Sales”SkillsYou may not take a

16、job as a salesperson after graduation.1Thats because no matter who you are or what you do,you actually make certain types of “sales” in daily life.For example,employees working for a company try to sell their talents so they can land promotion and move up to the corporate ladder.Startup entrepreneur

17、s(企业家) often have to sell their ideas to investors and other partners to advance the process of growth.To some extent,we are all salespeople in life.2,provided by the Entrepreneur magazine.A.3Try to lead your conversations with questions,no matter whether youre with family,friends or businesses.Aski

18、ng good questions will not only show off your sense of modesty,but you may also receive key answers that you would not find out in normal circumstances.B.Change your views about salesInstead of looking at salespeople with prejudice,start viewing the idea of sales in a totally different light.Sales i

19、s all about serving and helping others get to where they want to go.4C.Be a master at solving problemsSolving problems smoothly means you can provide real value in the marketplace.This makes you unique from everyone else.5When you start to solve problems and become known as a problem solver,both you

20、r work and life will transform.A.Always lead with questionsB.Here are three ways to become a more polished oneC.Identify Your Sales PersonalityD.In sales,you only succeed when you help others succeed.E.The more practice you get,the better youll be.F.Direct all of your time and energy toward solving

21、real problems.G.But learning something sales skills can help you a lot,both in life and in your career.答案15 GBADF六、完形填空(2020全国)Since our twins began learning to walk,my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.The 1 is obvious.If we 2 it is a door,theyll want to

22、 go outside 3.It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the 4.But our insisting its 5 a window has kept them from 6 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids.One day theyll 7 and discover that everything theyve always known about windows is a 8.I wonder if 9 should always

23、tell the truth no matter the 10.I have a very strong 11 that the lie were telling is doing 12 damage to our children.Windows and doors have 13 metaphorical(比喻) meanings.Im telling them they cant open what they absolutely know is a door.What if later in 14 they come to a metaphorical door,like an opp

24、ortunity(机会) of some sort,and 15 opening the door and taking the opportunity,they just 16 it and wonder,“What if it isnt a door?”That is,“What if it isnt a 17 opportunity?”Maybe its an unreasonable fear.But the 18 is that I shouldnt lie to my kids.I should just 19 repeatedly having to say,“No.We can

25、t go outside now.”Then when they come to other doors in life,be they real or metaphorical,they wont 20 to open them and walk through.1.A.reliefB.targetC.reasonD.case答案C解析自从双胞胎刚开始学走路,“我”和妻子就不停地告诉他们“我”们家的滑动玻璃门只是一扇窗子。理由(reason)是显而易见的。reason“理由”;relief“安慰”;target“目标”;case“事件”。故选C项。2.A.admitB.believeC.me

26、anD.realize答案A解析如果“我”们承认(admit)滑动玻璃门是一扇门,他们会不断地想出去。admit“承认”;believe“相信”;mean“意思是”;realize“认识到”。故选A项。3.A.graduallyB.constantlyC.temporarilyD.casually答案B解析参见上题解析。constantly“重复不断地”;gradually“逐渐地”;temporarily“暂时地”;casually“偶然地”。故选B项。4.A.resultB.dangerC.methodD.truth答案D解析根据下文可知,孩子们显然知晓(事情的)真相(truth)。tru

27、th“真相”;result“结果”;danger“危险”;method“办法”。故选D项。5.A.merelyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.partly答案A解析从文章第一段“.mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.”中的just可得到提示。merely“仅仅”;slightly“稍微”;hardly“几乎不”;partly“一定程度上”。故选A项。6.A.reviewingB.approvingC.receivingD.attempting答案D解析但是“我”们坚持说那仅仅是一扇窗子,这使

28、得他们放弃了尝试(attempting)开门的请求。attempt“尝试”;review“复习”;approve“同意”;receive“收到”。故选D项。7.A.win outB.give upC.wake upD.stand out答案C解析“我”讨厌对孩子说谎,有朝一日,孩子们会醒来(wakeup),并发现他们关于对窗户的认知是一个谎言。wakeup“醒来”;winout“胜出”;giveup“放弃”;standout“脱颖而出”。故选C项。8.A.dreamB.lieC.fantasyD.fact答案B解析从上文“Ihatelyingtothekids.”可得到提示。lie“谎言”;d

29、ream“梦想”;fantasy“幻想”;fact“事实”。故选B项。9.A.parentsB.twinsC.colleaguesD.teachers答案A解析“我”想知道父母(parents)是不是应该不管结果如何,总是告诉孩子们事情的真相。故选A项。10.A.restrictionsB.explanationsC.differencesD.consequences答案D解析不管结果(consequences)如何,总是告诉孩子们真相。consequence“结果”;restriction“约束”;explanation“解释”;difference“差异”。故选D项。11.A.demand

30、B.fearC.desireD.doubt答案B解析“我”有一种非常强烈的担心(fear),“我”们说的谎话会给孩子们带来精神上的伤害。最后一段第一句“Maybeitsanunreasonablefear.”是个提示。故选B项。12.A.physicalB.biologicalC.spiritualD.behavioral答案C解析参见上题解析。spiritual“精神的”;physical“身体的”;biological“生物的”;behavioral“行为的”。故选C项。13.A.traditionalB.importantC.doubleD.original答案B解析“窗”和“门”都有重

31、要的(important)比喻含义。故选B项。14.A.lifeB.timeC.replyD.history答案A解析此处表示如果他们日后生活(life)中遇到比喻含义的“门”。由下文“Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywont20toopenthemandwalkthrough.”也可得到提示。故选A项。15.A.by comparison withB.in addition toC.regardless ofD.instead of 答案D解析而不是(insteadof)打开门去把握机会。inst

32、eadof“而不是”;bycomparisonwith“同比较起来”;inadditionto“除之外(还)”;regardlessof“不管,不顾”。故选D项。16.A.get hold ofB.stare atC.knock onD.make use of答案B解析孩子们只是瞪着眼睛凝视(stareat),并疑惑“那如果不是一扇门会怎样?”stareat“瞪着眼睛凝视”;getholdof“抓住”;knockon“敲击”;makeuseof“利用”。故选B项。17.A.realB.typicalC.similarD.limited答案A解析那如果不是真的(real)机会会怎样?故选A项。1

33、8.A.safety ruleB.comfort zoneC.bottom lineD.top secret答案C解析或许这是一个不合理的担心,但底线(bottomline)是“我”不应该对孩子们说谎。bottomline“底线”;safetyrule“安全规则”;comfortzone“舒适区”;topsecret“绝密”。故选C项。19.A.delayB.regretC.enjoyD.accept答案D解析“我”应该接受(accept)反复强调“不,我们现在还不能出去”。accept“接受”;delay“延迟”;regret“后悔”;enjoy“享受”。故选D项。20.A.hurryB.decideC.hesitateD.intend答案C解析当他们在生活中遇到其他的门时,无论是真实的门还是比喻意义上的门,他们都不会犹豫不决,而会勇敢打开并成功跨越。hesitate“犹豫”;hurry“匆忙”;decide“决定”;intend“打算”。故选C项。