2019_2020学年高中英语Unit1TalesoftheunexplainedSectionⅠWelcometotheunit.doc

1、Section Welcome to the unit & ReadingWarming UpA卷 阅读理解AOver the years, hundreds, if not thousands, of priceless cultural and historical artifacts(手工艺品) have been stolen. They usually end up in the hands of greedy collectors or museums. Though most of these stolen artifacts remain lost, many have bee

2、n recovered and returned to their rightful homes.Christopher Columbus is considered the most famous explorer in history. In 1493, he wrote an eightpage letter to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain, who supported his historic voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. The letter, which was wri

3、tten in Latin, told Columbus first impressions of Cuba and Hispaniola.The historic letter was stolen from a library in Florence, Italy, in 1950. There was an excellent copy where the original letter was placed, so the staff didnt notice that the real document was stolen and none of the public knew t

4、hat. The priceless artifact appeared again in 1990 when it was bought by a collector in Switzerland. In 1992, it was sold in New York for $400，000. In 2004, it landed in the US.Library of Congress. It was only in 2016 that the 500yearold document was returned to Italy.In 2012, several figurines(小雕像)

5、 were caught at the John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. The priceless artifacts were displayed in the Nigerian National Museum, but they mysteriously disappeared later.The 2，000yearold figurines were created by the Nok people, an ancient culture that lived in Nigeria more than 2，

6、000 years ago. What a surprise it is to find them again！“One feature of the recovered figurines is that each one has a distinctive(与众不同的) face.” Habib Baba Habu, who served as Nigerias consul general during the time of the recovery, explained that this was typical of Nok sculpture. According to him,

7、 Nok artists used the figurines to describe their riding horses or donkeys or using farming tools.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。近年来有很多珍贵的历史文物被盗，通过努力也追回了一些，本文介绍了其中两件。1Who have got many stolen artifacts over the years?ALibrary staff.BGreedy thieves.CMuseum directors.DArtifacts collectors.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的They usually

8、 end up in the hands of greedy collectors or museums.可知，被盗取的文物有的落在了一些文物收藏者手中。2What can we learn from Paragraph 2?AThe origin of Columbus letter.BThe search for Columbus letter.CThe process of Columbus voyage.DThe reasons for Columbus being famous.A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的In 1493, he wrote an eightpage letter

9、 to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain.可知，本段讲述了被盗走的那封信的由来。3Why did no one know the letter was stolen?ABecause it was replaced by a copy.BBecause it was put at a hidden place.CBecause the staff were busy with other things.DBecause the staff hid the facts from the public.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的There

10、was an excellent copy where the original letter was placed, so the staff didnt notice that the real document was stolen and none of the public knew that.可知，那封信被另一封高仿信取代了，所以没有人发现它被盗了。4What can we know about Nok people?AThey helped set up Nigeria.BThey stole some priceless artifacts.CThey lived in Nig

11、eria a thousand years ago.DThey got inspiration for figurines from their life.D解析：推理判断题。根据末段的According to him, Nok artists used the figurines to describe their riding horses or donkeys or using farming tools.可知，诺克人从生活中获得灵感，制作小雕像。BThe world of nature is full of secrets.And they are so interesting tha

12、t quite a lot of people are busy studying them.All around us are animals and plants.The facts about how they live and grow are as interesting as anything could be.Do you know that one of the great presidents of the US.A. spent hours and hours studying birds？A businessman who lives near New York City

13、 became so interested in insects that he began to collect them.He now has more than one thousand different kinds carefully kept in glass boxes.Come then with me，and I will help you find some of natures secrets.Let us go quietly through the woods and fields.Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the o

14、ther ones that there is danger.We shall watch bees dancing in the air to let their peers know where they can find food.I will show you many other interesting things，but the best thing that I can teach you is to keep your eyes and ears open when you go out of doors.Nature tells her secrets only to pe

15、ople who look and listen carefully.5The passage mainly talks about_Athe secrets of natureBanimals foodCthe sights of the countryDthe use of wild plantsA解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句The world of nature is full of secrets.可知，这是文章的中心句，说明全文要讲的是大自然的奥秘。6What did one of the presidents of the US.A. spend hours and hours

16、 studying?ATime.BBirds.CInteresting people.DGlass boxes.B解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的Do you know that one of the great presidents of the US.A. spent hours and hours studying birds？可知，答案为B。7All animals have their own_AcollectionBboxesCspecial “language”Dwriting abilityC解析：细节理解题。根据文中第三段的Here we shall find how a

17、rabbit tells the other ones that.when you go out of doors.可知，动物有其各自的“语言”。8According to the author，to learn the secrets of nature，people should_Abe busyBlive near New YorkCsearch for foodDlook and listen carefullyD解析：推理判断题。根据文中第三段的Nature tells her secrets only to people who look and listen carefully.

18、“自然把她的奥秘只告诉给仔细看和听的人”可推断出答案。CHave you ever wondered?1Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east?It can take five hours to go westeast from New York (NY) to London but seven hours to travel eastwest from London to NY.The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷

19、射) stream.The jet stream is a very high altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic.The planes moving at a constant air speed thus go faster in the westeast direction when they are moving with the wind than in the opposite direction.2What would happen if the gravit

20、y on Earth was suddenly turned off?Supposing we could magically turn off gravity.Would buildings and other structures(建筑物) float away？What happened would depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth.The Earth is moving at quite a speed, moving at over a thousand miles per hour.If you

21、 turn something around your head on a string(细绳)，it goes around in a circle until you let go of the string.Then it flies off in a straight line.“Switching off” gravity would be like letting go of the string.Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.People in buildings would s

22、uddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit the ceiling.Most things outside would fly off into space.9What information can we get from the first passage?AIt is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.BPlanes go slower when they are moving with the wind.CIt takes more time to fly

23、 from NY to London than from London to NY.DThe jet stream always blows from the east across the Atlantic.A解析：推理判断题。从第一段可知大西洋上空特定的气流状况是影响飞机速度的重要因素。文中“The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷射) stream.”暗示了这一段的主旨。其余三项论述与文章内容不符。10The word “shoot” underlined in the 2n

24、d passage probably means “_”Asend forBmove quicklyCcome outDgrow quicklyB解析：词义猜测题。根据下文内容及科学常识我们知道若没有地球引力，建筑物内的人将可能快速地飞向某一方向。send for派人去请；come out发芽；出版；grow quickly快速成长/生长。A、C、D三项含义不对。11It can be inferred that without gravity_Abuildings and other structures would float awayBtrees and buildings would

25、not so easily fly offCsomething around your head would not float awayDeverything outside buildings would fly off spaceB解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.”以及后文中的例子可知选B项。文章中说的是不固定在地球上的东西在失去地球引力时会四处乱飞，其余三项中的例子都有所偏颇。12Where can we most probably read this t

26、ext?AIn a research paper.BIn a short story.CIn a travel magazine.DIn a students book.D解析：推理判断题。文章论述的是较为浅显的科学问题，所以不可能是出自科学论文或旅游杂志。又因为作者是从科学道理和事实方面进行阐述的，所以不是出自故事类刊物，只能是选于学生用的教材。 七选五If youve ever had a bad night of sleep, you know its difficult to stay awake in class when youre tired. Classrooms can be

27、 boring and dark. 1._ To keep yourself awake, you can try to participate in class.Participate in class discussion. Ask and answer questions about the lecture. 2._ Actually, it might be helpful to set a goal of answering or asking at least 3 questions per class. This is because talking will help you

28、stay alert(警觉的)Take detailed notes. This is a good way to help you focus on the lecture and stay engaged. Listen closely to the lecture and try to take as detailed notes as possible. You can use different pens to mark different sections. 3._4_ Listening actively is a great way to force yourself to s

29、tay awake because it requires engagement(参与) of your mind as well as your body. Even if you dont take notes, listening actively can help you keep your eyes open for the contents of the lesson.Interact with your classmates. 5._ Engage in conversation and contribute meaningful points. Try to sit yours

30、elf near students who always volunteer to speak in class and you will have a lot to say in discussion.AListen actively to the lesson.BSome people may refuse to take notes.CAnd your teachers voice might make you sleepier.DTry to take notes carefully to help you stay awake.EGroup discussions are a gre

31、at time to keep you awake.FThis will help if youre bored with the content of the lecture.GYou can also change colors occasionally to keep your mind alert.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在课堂上保持清醒的几点建议。1C解析：此空设于段中，与本段第一句构成解释关系。本句和前一句都是对第一句进行解释，说明前一天晚上休息不好对第二天上课的影响。2F解析：此空设于段中，与前一句存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的This指代的是前一句中的Ask

32、 and answer questions about the lecture.。3G解析：此空设于段尾，是对前一句的进一步补充。本句前一句讲，你可以用不同的笔来标记不同的部分，此句进一步补充说明你也可以偶尔换一下笔的颜色来使你保持警觉。4A解析：此处设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面的内容主要就是围绕积极主动地听讲而展开的。5E解析：此空设于段中，是对前一句的解释。本句是通过举例对第一句中的Interact with your classmates.进行进一步解释。B卷 阅读理解Though American runner Meb Keflezighi had retired(退役), he

33、 had one more task. At the age of 42, he ran the 2018 Boston Marathon(波士顿马拉松) to raise money for the Martin Richard Foundation(MRF). The organization, created by Martins parents, honors the memory of the eightyearold boy who was killed in the terrorist attack at the 2013 Boston Marathon.Born in Erit

34、rea, a country in the Horn of Africa, Keflezighi has had to deal with many difficulties from the time he was growing up. “No running water, no electricity，” he said. “You had to go two, three miles to get wood so that you could have fire to cook.”For Keflezighi, running has always been a way of life

35、. “Its what I love to do, and its who I am，” he said. Keflezighi won the 2014 Boston Marathon and the 2009 New York City Marathon, and got a silver medal at the 2004 Summer Games in Athens, Greece.Keflezighi retired from competition after the 2016 New York City Marathon. But he decided to run one la

36、st race. “Im happy with my achievements，” he said. “Now, Ill help others reach their goals.”On the morning of April 16, Keflezighi set out from the starting line with more than 27，000 other marathoners. They raced through Bostons hilly streets, heavy winds and cold rain. Those were “the most difficu

37、lt conditions Ive ever run in，” Keflezighi said after the race.Keflezighi finished in 3 hours and 13 seconds, nearly an hour slower than his winning time at the 2014 Boston Marathon. But this year, Keflezighi was running not for the prize, but for a cause.“Marathon Meb”， as he is called, is still in

38、spiring others. He said, “We all have difficult situations, but as long as we can overcome those, theres the finish line waiting for us.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。马拉松名将Meb Keflezighi 在宣布退役之后又一次参加马拉松比赛，但这次他的参赛目的不是夺取冠军，而是为一个组织筹备资金。1Why did Keflezighi run another race after he had decided to retire?ATo raise mone

39、y for an organization.BTo express thankfulness to Martins parents.CTo try running in the most difficult conditions.DTo encourage people to face difficulties bravely.A解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“Though American runner Meb Keflezighi.ran the 2018 Boston Marathon(波士顿马拉松) to raise money for the Martin Richard Found

40、ation(MRF)”可知，他再次参加比赛是为一个组织筹集资金。2How was Meb Keflezighis life like as a child?AHard.BLonely.CExciting.DPeaceful.A解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“Keflezighi has had to deal with many difficulties from the time he was growing up.You had to go two, three miles to get wood so that you could have fire to cook.”可推断，Kefle

41、zighi 幼年时的生活非常艰苦。3What can we learn about the 2018 Boston Marathon?AIt was supported by MRF.BIt was held in very bad weather.CKeflezighi broke his own record at this race.DKeflezighi decided to run another race after this one.B解析：细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“heavy winds and cold rain”和“the most difficult conditio

42、ns”可知，2018年波士顿马拉松比赛举行当天，风雨交加，天气状况不好。4What does the underlined word “inspiring” in the last paragraph mean?AHelping.BTraining.CQuestioning.DEncouraging.D解析：词义猜测题。画线单词的意思可以通过Keflezighi 接下来所说的话体现出来。他告诉人们：我们都会身处困境，但只要我们能够克服困难，就能到达终点。他的话是在鼓励人们要勇敢面对并克服困难。 完形填空It happened years ago when I was a poor freshm

43、an. I chose a cheap airline(航空公司) to fly back to _1_ after Christmas break. The airline _2_ my flight to Spokane and I was left overnight in Seattle.As a 16yearold young girl, I felt _3_ because I didnt have enough money for a _4_ and how to spend a night became a problem. I stood at the customer se

44、rvice counter, _5_， trying to fight back tears. Then a woman _6_ me and said shed like to take me to her home and shed get me _7_ to the airport in the morning. Having gotten off the same flight as me, she had her own two kids to _8_， but she said, as a mother, she _9_ to leave me alone to spend the

45、 night in the airport.She took me to her home and _10_ me to a good meal. And then she had her own kids _11_ one bedroom so that there was an extra room for me _12_ she gave me all her contact information and told me to _13_ my mom and let her know where I would stay.Now I have two kids of my own, l

46、iving a super _14_ but happy life. Therefore, I _15_ even more the fact that a _16_， who had two children at home, was willing to help me in spite of the _17_. College was my dream, but my family faced a really tough situation and I was _18_ dropping out(辍学) then. It was this woman who made a _19_ i

47、n my life and her act caused me to have the courage to _20_ my studies. At last, I got a doctor degree.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者乘特价飞机回学校，但由于航班被取消，她滞留在机场。在一位好心妇女的帮助下她渡过了难关。她将对那位妇女的感激化为学习的动力，最后获得了博士学位。1A.townBhomeCcollegeDbusinessC解析：根据上文的It happened years ago when I was a poor freshman.及后文的College was my dre

48、am, but.可知，作者应该是圣诞节假期后准备返回大学(college)。2A.called offBgave upCannouncedDselectedA解析：根据后文的I was left overnight in Seattle可知，航空公司应该是取消(called off)了作者的航班，作者滞留在西雅图机场。3A.tiredBlonelyCcuriousDhelplessD解析：根据后文的because I didnt have enough money.how to spend a night became a problem可知，作者没有足够的钱，晚上住哪里成了问题，作者感到很无

49、助(helpless)。4A.giftBflightCmealDhotelD解析：根据后文的how to spend a night became a problem可知，作者没有钱住旅馆(hotel)。5A.calmBsadCnervousDeagerB解析：根据后文的trying to fight back tears可知，作者很伤心(sad)。6A.noticedBattractedCunderstoodDrecognizedA解析：根据语境可知，这里是说一位妇女注意到(noticed)作者悲伤的样子。7A.awayBoffCbackDdownC解析：那位妇女说她愿意带作者回她家住，并会

50、在第二天早上再将作者送回(back)机场。8A.protectBeducateCbelieve inDlook afterD解析：根据语境可知，那位妇女家里有两个孩子要照顾(look after)。9A.failedBhelpedCrefusedDmanagedC解析：尽管那位妇女家里有急需照顾的孩子，但作为一个母亲，她也不愿(refused)留作者一个人在机场过夜。10A.ledBtreatedCshowedDpushedB解析：根据语境可知，那位妇女带作者回到她的家中并招待(treated)作者吃了丰盛的饭菜。11A.cleanBcheckCshareDdecorateC解析：根据后文的s

51、o that there was an extra room for me可知，那位妇女让自己的孩子共用(share)一间卧室，以便让出一间卧室给作者住。12A.afterBunlessCsinceDbecauseA解析：根据语境可知，那位妇女先将自己的联系信息给作者，并让作者给她的妈妈打电话，让她的家人放心，然后才安排作者住下。故after符合语境。13A.callBthankCremindDpersuadeA解析：根据后文的let her know where I would stay可知，那位妇女让作者给她的妈妈打电话(call)，让她妈妈知道自己会待在哪里。14A.crazyBbusy

52、CboringDhealthyB解析：根据语境可知，现在作者自己也有了孩子，过着忙碌(busy)而又幸福的生活，所以她更加感激(appreciated)多年前那位有着两个孩子的母亲对自己的无私帮助。15A.admittedBconcernedCpraisedDappreciatedD解析：参见上题解析。16A.friendBstrangerCpassengerDtouristB解析：根据上文可知，那位热心帮助作者的妇女以前不认识作者，是个陌生人(stranger)。17A.painBpressureCtroubleDdangerC解析：根据上文可知，尽管家里有两个孩子急需照顾，那位妇女还是愿意

53、不怕麻烦(trouble)，给予作者帮助。18A.mindingBavoidingCregrettingDconsideringD解析：根据上文的my family faced a really tough situation可知，作者家境窘迫，她那时正考虑(considering)辍学。19A.planBdifferenceCchoiceDdecisionB解析：根据下文可知，那位妇女的善意行为对作者产生了很大的影响。make a difference符合语境。20A.continueBforgetCrepeatDignoreA解析：根据后文的At last, I got a doctor

54、degree.可知，那位妇女的行为使得作者有勇气继续(continue)自己的学业，最后作者取得了博士学位。 语法填空Do you know what the number one killer in the United States is? According to researches, heart disease 1._ (think) to cause the most deaths in the US. With all the junk food that is available nowadays, heart disease has turned into the bigge

55、st problem today.So whats the 2._ (solve) to this problem？The answer is simple. We just need to eat healthier food and the risk of heart disease will be 3._ (great) reduced.In fact, we can add about 15 years to our lives by just 4._ (change) a few things in our diets.To have a healthy body, we need

56、to eat more raw(未经加工的) foods, and most importantly，vegetables. 5._ reason why people in the past 6._ (seek)ways to cook food is that the food was often 7._(dirt). In African villages, people must go to rivers and get water 8._ them. They boiled it first 9._(kill) bacteria and then they would drink i

57、t. Nowadays, the food we get from stores is basically edible(可食用的). It is very safe for us to eat already, 10._ means we are not taking any risks if we have raw food diets.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了从饮食上减少心脏病的有效方法。1is thought解析：考查动词的时态和语态。heart disease和think之间是被动关系，且是一般性的表述，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。2solution解析：考查名词。根据前面的冠词t

58、he可知，此处用名词solution作表语。3greatly解析：考查副词。修饰动词reduced，因此用great的副词形式，意为“极大地”。4changing解析：考查非谓语动词。by是介词，因此后面用动名词作介词的宾语。5The解析：考查冠词。reason在这里是特指，why引导定语从句，因此用定冠词the。6sought解析：考查动词的时态。in the past表明此处应该用一般过去时。7dirty解析：考查形容词。系动词was后面应该接形容词作表语。8from解析：考查介词。这里表示“从河里取水”，因此用介词from。9to kill解析：考查非谓语动词。他们把水煮开的目的是杀死细菌，因此这里用不定式表目的。10which解析：考查关系代词。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话，which在句中作主语。