2019-2020学年北师大英语必修四新素养同步练习：UNIT 12 CULTURE SHOCK 单元过关检测（三） WORD版含答案.doc

1、单元过关检测(三)学生用书P145(单独成册)(时间：100分钟，满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AG provides more than just ideas. Sure, our unique and unforgettable gift suggestions are a big part of why people love us, but we also offer endless ideas and tools to make every day a

2、 reason to celebrate. Here are our Great Christmas Gift Ideas：Christmas Gifts for ParentsYou love your parents like no one else, and you want to give them something special for Christmas. But what would make their holiday bright? Finding them the perfect Christmas gift will be easy this year, with a

3、ll our top picks in one place.Christmas Gifts for Parents Under $45Holiday Gifts BasketsThe gift basket is a great way to give a gift to a group. Our gift basket ideas come from all the top stores online, so you can easily find everything from fruit gift baskets to wine gift baskets in one place.Gif

4、t Baskets Under $50Ideas for TeensTrying to find the right gift for a teen? Teens can be a challenge. What do they want? What could they use? They are all unique, but we think weve got something for them, even though theyre a special group that are hard to deal with.Top Picks for Teens Under $20The

5、Secret Santa Exchange(交换) The Secret Santa is a great way to exchange gifts in the office, when its often impossible to give everyone a present. Weve got an office guide right here to help you find proper gifts for the workplace. And then theres always the gift basket, with things that are sure to p

6、lease everyone in the office.Business Gifts Under $25【解题导语】本文介绍了一个网站提供的圣诞礼物的想法。1What makes popular?AIts special gift ideas.BIts endless new gifts.CIt is organized according to personal taste.DIt gives people a good reason to celebrate.A解析：细节理解题。根据本文开头的G provides more than just ideas. Sure, our uniqu

7、e and unforgettable gift suggestions are a big part of why people love us可知，这个网站之所以受欢迎，是因为想法很独特。故选A项。2Whats special about this years “Christmas for Parents”？AThey are much cheaper.BThey make a holiday brighter.CThey list popular gifts in one place.DThey include top choices from parents.C解析：细节理解题。根据文

8、中的Finding them the perfect Christmas gift will be easy this year, with all our top picks in one place.可知，他们在一个地方列举礼物。3Both “Holiday Gift Baskets” and “The Secret Santa Exchange” _Aprovide gift basketsBsell gifts from top stores onlineChave a guide to help people choose giftsDare designed for people

9、working in officesA解析：细节理解题。根据The gift basket is a great way to give a gift to a group. 和And then theres always the gift basket, with things that are sure to please everyone in the office.可知答案。BAnyone who has worn a cast(石膏) knows that rebuilding muscle strength once the cast is removed can be diffi

10、cult. Now researchers at the Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI) at Ohio University have found that the mind is critical in maintaining muscle strength following a long period of not moving and that mental imagination may be key in reducing the associated muscle loss.Strength is c

11、ontrolled by a number of factorsthe most studied by far is skeletal muscle. However, the nervous system is also an important, though not fully understood, determining factor of strength and weakness.Brian CClark and colleagues set out to test how the system functions in strength development. They de

12、signed an experiment to measure changes in wrist muscle strength in three groups of healthy adults. Twentynine subjects wore a hard cast that extended from just below the elbow(肘) past the fingers, effectively preventing the hand and wrist from moving, for four weeks. Fifteen subjects who did not we

13、ar casts served as the control group.Of the 29 people wearing a hard cast, half were asked to regularly perform an exercise, imagining they were strongly contracting their wrist for five seconds and then resting for five seconds. This was repeated four times in a row followed by a oneminute break fo

14、r a total of 13 rounds per session and five sessions per week. The other half performed no imagination exercises.At the end of the fourweek experiment, both groups who wore casts had lost strength in their unmoving limbs (肢体) when compared to the control group. But the group that performed imaginati

15、on exercises lost 50% less strength than the nonimagination group. The nervous systems ability to fully make the muscle recover also returned more quickly in the imagination group compared to the nonimagination group.【解题导语】本文通过实验说明了肌肉的恢复是受哪些因素的影响的。4What does the underlined word “critical” mean in th

16、e first paragraph?ASerious.BEmbarrassing.CImportant. DNormal.C解析：词义猜测题。根据文中的and that mental imagination may be key in reducing the associated muscle loss可知，精神的想象力或许是减少肌肉力量损失的关键，说明了思想在维持肌肉力量方面是重要的。故选C项。5Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?AScientists have partly und

17、erstood the nervous system.BWhoever has worn a cast for long may have difficulty in muscle recovery.CScientists have already spent a lot of time in studying skeletal muscle.DThe number of the subjects in the experiment was 29 in all.D解析：细节理解题。根据文中第三段的Twentynine subjects wore a hard cast that extende

18、d from just below the elbow(肘) past the fingers，.Fifteen subjects who did not wear casts served as the control group.可知，实验中的人数是44 人。故D项错误。6What can we learn from the experiment?AThe control group lost 50% less strength than the nonimagination group.BThe imagination group lost more strength than the

19、nonimagination group.CThe control group wore casts but didnt perform the imagination exercise.DThe speed of nonimagination groups muscle recovery was slower.D解析：推理判断题。根据文中最后一段中的The nervous systems ability to fully make the muscle recover also returned more quickly in the imagination group compared t

20、o the nonimagination group.可知，非想象力组的肌肉康复速度更慢一些。7Where can you most probably find the passage?AIn a science magazine.BIn a storybook. CIn a textbook.DIn a book review.A解析：推理判断题。本文通过实验说明了肌肉恢复的制约因素，应该是出自科学杂志。CHes an old cobbler(修鞋匠) with a shop in the Marais, a historic area in Paris.When I took him my

21、 shoes, he at first told me：“I dont have time.Take them to the other fellow on the main street; hell fix them for you right away.”But Id had my eye on his shop for a long time. Just looking at his bench loaded with tools and pieces of leather, I knew he was a skilled craftsman.“No，”I replied，“The ot

22、her fellow cant do it well.”“The other fellow” was one of those shopkeepers who fix shoes and make keys “whileUwait”(立等可取)without knowing much about mending shoes or making keys. They work carelessly, and when they have finished sewing back a sandal strap(鞋带)，you might as well just throw away the pa

23、ir.The man saw I wouldnt give in, and he smiled. He wiped his hands on his blue apron(围裙), looked at my shoes, had me write my name on one shoe with a piece of chalk and said，“Come back in a week.”I was about to leave when he took a pair of soft leather boot off a shelf.“See what I can do，” he said

24、with pride.“Only three of us in Paris can do this kind of work.”When I got back out into the street, the world seemed brandnew to me. He_was_something_out_of_an_ancient_legend,_an old craftsman with his way of speaking, his pride in his craft.These are times when nothing is important but the bottom

25、line, when you can do things any old way as long as it“pays”， when, in short, people look on work as a path to everincreasing consumption(消费) rather than a way to realize their own abilities. In such a period, it is a rare comfort to find a cobbler who gets his greatest satisfaction from pride in a

26、job well done.【解题导语】作者讲述了一个老鞋匠的故事。这位老鞋匠做工非常认真，把做鞋子看作是一门艺术，很为自己的技能感到自豪。8Which of the following is TRUE about the old cobbler?AHe had the best repairing tools.BHe was the only cobbler in the Marais.CHe was proud of his skills.DHe was a native Parisian.C解析：推理判断题。根据文中的“See what I can do，” he said with p

27、ride.“Only three of us in Paris can do this kind of work.”可知，老鞋匠很为自己的技能感到自豪。9The sentence“He was something out of an ancient legend”in Paragraph 6 implies that _Anowadays you can hardly find anyone like himBit was difficult to communicate with this manCthe man was very strange Dthe man was too oldA解

28、析：推理判断题。根据划线部分后面的an old craftsman with his way of speaking, his pride in his craft和最后一段的内容可知，现代的很多人都是只为了赚钱，像他这种为自己的技艺感到自豪的人已经不多了。故选A项。10According to the author, many people work just to_Arealize their abilitiesBgain happinessCmake moneyDgain respectC解析：推理判断题。根据文中最后一段中的when you can do things any old

29、way as long as it “pays”， when, in short, people look on work as a path to everincreasing consumption(消费) rather than a way to realize their own abilities.可知，很多人工作只是为了赚钱。11This story wants to tell us that_Acraftsmen make a lot of moneyBwhatever you do, do it wellCcraftsmen need selfrespectDpeople ar

30、e born equalB解析：推理判断题。本文通过一个讲究技艺的老鞋匠的故事告诉大家，无论做什么，只要做，就要做好。DAn 80yearold man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45yearold son. Suddenly a crow(乌鸦) landed on their window. The father asked his son, “What is that？” The son replied, “That is a crow.”After a few minutes, the father aske

31、d his son for the second time, “What is this？” The son said, “Father, I told you just now. Its a crow.” After a little while, the father asked his son the same question for the third time, “What is this？” This time, the son said to his father in a low and cold tone, “Its a crow, a crow.”After a mome

32、nt, the father yet again asked his son for the fourth time, “What is this？” This time his son shouted at his father, “Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again? I have told you already, IT IS A CROW. Are you not able to understand this？”A minute later the father went to his room an

33、d came back with a diary, which he had kept since his son was born. On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page.Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa, when a crow suddenly landed on the window edge. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied him 23 times t

34、hat it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question. I didnt at all feel angry, but instead felt affection for my son.If your parents reach old age, do not look at them as a burden, but speak to them gently, and be kind to them. From today say this aloud, “I want to see

35、my parents happy forever. They have cared for me ever since I was a little child. They have always showered me with love. I will take care of my old parents in the best way no matter how they behave.”【解题导语】一位80岁的老人和45岁的儿子坐在沙发上。看到一只乌鸦，老人问了好几遍“那是什么？”儿子不耐烦了。于是老人给儿子看了儿子小时候反复问同一个问题时，父亲的做法和感想。由此号召我们要爱自己的父

36、母。12What does the writer mainly intend to do?ATo tell us the function of a diary.BTo call on us to love our parents.CTo teach us what a crow is.DTo introduce a pair of son and father.B解析：写作目的题。根据故事的介绍和文章的最后一段If your parents reach old age, do not look at them as a burden, but speak to them gently, an

37、d be kind to them.可知，本文是号召大家爱自己的父母。13How old was the father when he wrote the diary?AEighty.BFortyfive.CThirtyeight. DThirtyfive.C解析：细节理解题。根据文中的An 80yearold man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45yearold son.和Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa可知，父亲当时是38

38、岁。14Why did the old man bring out the diary?ABecause he forgot what had happened.BBecause he would like his son to read it.CBecause it could remind himself of his own childhood.DBecause he wanted to find what a crow was in his diary.B解析：推理判断题。根据文中的On opening a page, he asked his son to read that pag

39、e.可知，老人想让儿子读一下日记。15Why did Father ask his son questions about the crow?AHe wanted to test his sons patience.BHe is hard of hearing.CHe doesnt want to be treated as a burden.DHe tried to remind his son of what he did in the past.D解析：推理判断题。根据故事的介绍可知，老人一遍遍地问“这是什么？”是为了提醒儿子过去父亲的做法。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据

40、短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Shopping addiction can have a negative influence on your personal life career and finance.Shopping has so deeply rooted in global culture.16._ The following steps will show you how to know signs of shopping addiction and make behavioral changes to cut down shop

41、ping.Learn your triggers.A trigger is anything that makes you want to shop.Keep a journal with you for at least a week, and whenever you feel that you want to shop, write down whatever you feel brought the idea into your mind.17._ Knowing your triggers is extremely helpful because you can avoid the

42、things that make you want to shop as you are learning to control your habit.Cut down on shopping.The best way to limit your shopping is to be more aware of how much your money allows you to spend over and above necessaries.Keep a close eye on your finances and go shopping only when your money for th

43、e month permits it.18._Avoid shopping alone.Most crazy shoppers do their shopping alone.19._ This is the advantage of peer (同伴) pressure.Let yourself learn from the good buying habits of people whose judgment you trust.It may even be necessary to put someone you trust in charge of your finances comp

44、letely.20_ Find more meaningful ways to spend your time.When trying to change the addicted shopping behavior, it is crucial that you replace the behavior with another way of spending your time that is sustainable(可持续的)People find happiness in activities that can attract their attention, and they may

45、 ignore the wish to shop completely.Learn a new skill, finish a project youve put aside for a long time, or improve yourself in some other ways.AGet involved in other activities.BWait for at least 20 minutes before going shopping.CSo it can be hard to tell whether youve crossed the line.DDont go to

46、the particular stores where you tend to spend too much.EIf you are with others, you are much more likely not to spend too much.FIt may be a particular environment, advertisement, or a feeling like anger or shame.GYou can avoid some big financial problems that can come with the habit in this way.【解题导

47、语】本文主要介绍了如何通过改变行为习惯减少购物瘾的几点建议。16C解析：根据本空前的Shopping has so deeply rooted in global culture.可知，此处承接上文，说的是购物已深深植根于社会文化所带来的结果。17F解析：根据本空前的whenever you feel that you want to shop, write down whatever you feel brought the idea into your mind.可知，此处解释诱使你想去购物的因素，可能是一个特定的环境、广告或是情绪。18G解析：根据本空前的Keep a close eye

48、 on your finances and go shopping only when your money for the month permits it.可知，此处是说这样做的好处，能够让你避免购物所带来的较大的财政问题。19E解析：根据本段小标题及本空前的Most crazy shoppers do their shopping alone.可知，此处承接上文，说的是和别人一起去购物可以让你避免花过多的钱。20A解析：根据本段内容，特别是本空后的Find more meaningful ways to spend your time.可知，本段告诉我们要多多参与其他的活动。第二部分语言

49、知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The other evening we had a knock at the door. It was a new _21_ who introduced himself and his boys to us. He also _22_ us to a block party as a way to know the people in the neighborhood as well as celebrate the firs

50、t anniversary of his two _23_ sons coming to live with him.Weve lived here almost six years and _24_ has ever come to introduce themselves. I suppose we should have _25_ it on to introduce ourselves to people moving in，but we havent. In my opinion, it took the initiative(首创) of a young _26_ and his

51、adopted sons to show me how I could _27_ better attention to my own community. I have many _28_ friends but I have to admit that I havent usually been the one to develop the _29_ in my own neighborhood.This experience _30_ me of one of my favorite quotes: “When I was a young man, I wanted to change

52、the world. I found it was _31_ to change the world, so I tried to change my nation. When I found I couldnt change the nation, I began to _32_ my town. I couldnt change the town and as a(n) _33_ man, I tried to change my _34_. Now, as an old man, I _35_ the only thing I can change is myself, and _36_

53、 I realize that if long ago I had changed myself, I could have made an impact(影响) on my family and _37_ on my town. The impact could have changed the nation and I could _38_ have changed the world.”For those of us who want to make a(n) _39_ in the world, its important we remember what Bucky Fuller s

54、aid, “Think globally, but _40_ locally” For me, Im going to make it a point to meet more of my neighborsstarting now.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者由上文进行自我介绍而联想到一句名言从而展开议论，最后意识到要像Bucky Fuller说的那样放眼全球，但着眼于本地行动。21A.strangerBclassmateCbeggar DneighborD解析：根据空后的“who introduced himself and his boys to us”及“know the p

55、eople in the neighborhood”可知，敲门的是邻居(neighbor)。22A.invited BcommandedCpersuaded DencouragedA解析：根据空后的“us to a block party”可知，他还邀请(invited)我们参加一个聚会。23A.adopted BacceptedCadapted DannoyedA解析：根据下文中的“his adopted sons”可知，他的两个儿子是收养的(adopted)。24A.anyone BsomeoneCeveryone Dno oneD解析：根据空后的“has ever come to int

56、roduce themselves”可知，我在这里住六年了，以前没有人(no one)登门介绍过自己。25A.put BmadeCtaken DturnedC解析：根据空后的“it on to introduce ourselves to people moving in，but we havent”可知，我们本应该向刚搬进来的邻居做自我介绍，take on to do表示“承担做”。26A.student BmanCwoman DmotherB解析：根据上文中的“introduced himself and his boys to us”可知，这是一个年轻的男人(man)。27A.draw

57、BloseCpay DofferC解析：根据空后的“better attention to my own community”可知，这个年轻男人的做法让我更注意我所居住的社区，pay attention to表示“注意、重视”。28A.foreign BlocalCold DrichB解析：根据空后的“friends but I have to admit that I havent usually been the one.”可知，我有很多当地的(local)朋友。29A.troubleBfriendshipCconcern DbusinessB解析：上文说我在当地有很多朋友，再结合转折连词

58、but可知，但是我承认我没有在所居住的社区发展友谊(friendship)，与前面的friends相对应。30A.reminded BtoldCwarned DconvincedA解析：根据空后的“me of one of my favorite quotes”可知，这个经历让我想起(reminded)了一句最喜欢的名言。31A.difficult BeasyCinteresting DrightA解析：根据空后的“to change the world, so I tried to change my nation”可知，此处是说我发现很难(difficult)改变世界，于是我努力改变我的国

59、家。32A.make out Bconcentrate onCget into Drefer toB解析：根据空前的“When I found I couldnt change the nation”可知，当我发现我不能改变我的国家的时候，我集中精力于(concentrate on)我的城镇。33A.smarter ByoungerColder DtallerC解析：根据空后的“as an old man”可知，此处是说作为一个年老的(older)人。34A.state BfamilyCtown DmindB解析：根据下文中的“made an impact(影响) on my family”可

60、知，此处是说我想改变我的家庭(family)。35A.explain BforgetCrealize DregretC解析：根据上文内容及本空后的“the only thing I can change is myself”可知，最后我意识到(realize)我能改变的只是我自己。36A.happily BsuddenlyCactually DluckilyB解析：根据空后的“I realize that if long ago I had changed myself, I could have made an impact(影响)”可知，我突然(suddenly)意识到如果我早改变自己的话

61、，我早就能改变家庭了。37A.merely BstillConly DevenD解析：根据空后的“on my town”可知，如果我早改变自己的话，我早就能改变家庭了，甚至(even)改变我的城镇。38A.indeed BhardlyCnever DseldomA解析：根据空前的“The impact could have changed the nation”可知，那种影响能让我的确(indeed)能改变世界了。39A.decision BdifferenceCapology DmistakeB解析：根据上文的名言可知，此处是说对于那些想对世界有影响(make a difference)的人

62、来说，记住Bucky Fuller说的话很重要。40A.behave BactCmove DoperateB解析：根据空后的“For me, Im going to make it a point to meet more of my neighborsstarting now.”可知，此处是说放眼全球，但着眼于本地行动(act)。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There are many New Zealanders returning home to live at the moment. 41._ (Tra

63、dition), young Kiwis go overseas to live and work for a few years and this 42._ (call) an OE (overseas experience). Some return home after a year or two and 43._ stay away for longer. Many go to Australia and the United Kingdom. If they marry an Australian or a British person, they probably decide t

64、o live in that country.Even older New Zealanders 44._(attract) to Australia over the years because the wages can be 45._ (high) there and it is not too distant or different from New Zealand. Now it looks like those people are returning home. Reasons for this could be that they have lost their job be

65、cause 46._ the bad economy and want to be closer to family during such hard times. Unemployment is still quite low in New Zealand at 5%. In 47._(place)like United Kingdom, United States and Australia, the unemployment rates are higher so it is harder 48._(get) a job. Houses are also cheap enough 49.

66、_(buy)at the moment so it can be 50._ good time to buy a house here.41Traditionally解析：考查词性转换。此处是副词位于句首，修饰整个句子。42is called解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处意为：这个被叫做故用一般现在时的被动语态。43others解析：考查代词的用法。根据上文的some 可知，此处是some.others.结构。44have been attracted解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据文中的over the years可知，用现在完成时且此处是被动意义。45higher解析：考查形容词的用法。

67、此处意为：因为那里的薪水可能更高一些。46of解析：考查介词的用法。此处是because of 短语，意为：因为经济情况糟糕47places解析：考查名词的用法。根据like后面的内容可知，此处用名词复数。48to get解析：考查非谓语动词。此处的it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to get a job。49to buy解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是结构be adj. enough to do，意为：足够做。50a解析：考查冠词的用法。此处表示泛指，意为：买房子的一个好时候。第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换

68、修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Here is my idea about how a friend is like. Firstly, a friend is someone you can share your secrets. If you tell him a secre

69、t, never will he talks about it with anybody else. Besides, a friend is always a good listener when you need to one. After hear your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm. Still, your happiness makes him happily too. Whats more, a good friend is willing to offer the help to which

70、 you need, or can at least give you some advices. In a word, friends are those you like but trust, and you will enjoy every minute that you spent with them.答案：Here is my idea about a friend is like. Firstly, a friend is someone you can share your secrets . If you tell him a secret, never will he abo

71、ut it with anybody else. Besides, a friend is always a good listener when you need one. After your sad stories, he will say some words that nice and warm. Still, your happiness makes him too. Whats more, a good friend is willing to offer the help to which you need, or can at least give you some . In

72、 a word, friends are those you like trust, and you will enjoy every minute that you with them.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假如你是某英语专栏的编辑Tina, 你收到了一名高一学生李华的求助信， 信中诉说了自己的困扰：学习时间长， 睡眠不足， 效率低下。就此请你用英文给他写一封回信。内容具体如下：1消除影响学习的所有干扰；2制定合理的学习计划；3适当休憩；4注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Li Hua，_Yours, TinaOne possible version

73、 ：Dear_Li_Hua，I am sorry you are having trouble in studying with a lack of sleep. However, the situation is not that difficult to improve. Here are some tips to help you：Firstly, why not remove all distractions from your study? If you do this, you can completely stay focused on your study. Then, set

74、 up a proper daily schedule. That way, you can manage your time very efficiently. Whats more, have a nap at break. It can make you more active and cheer you up. Finally, prepare certain snacks to help your energy last longer, like chocolate and nuts, because they are good sources of protein. I hope these suggestions can really work. Yours，Tina