2019-2020学年新北师大版高一英语课时作业：必修1 UNIT 3 SECTION Ⅱ　LANGUAGE POINTS （Ⅰ）.doc

1、Section Language Points ()(Topic Talk & Lesson 1).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1Her strong local accent(口音)betrayed her hometown.2I swept(扫除)rainwater off the flat top of a gravestone.3We talked about the Dragon(龙) Boat Festival holiday and Childrens Day.4There is an ice lantern(灯笼)show in Harbin every year

2、 in winter.5Could you summarise(概括)the strengths of your proposal for us?6This is happening in every school throughout the country.7He jumped for joy on being told the news.8The entire world must take notice of something like this.9The only wall decorations are candles and a single mirror.10I got in

3、 touch with him immediately after I received the letter.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1occasion n重要的社交活动；时刻，时候occasional adj.偶然的；临时的occasionally adv.偶尔地2graduate n毕业生 vi.毕业graduation n毕业3congratulate vt.祝贺congratulation n恭喜，祝贺4tradition n传统traditional adj.传统的traditionally adv.传统地5scare vt.使(某人)惊恐；吓唬scary adj.

4、可怕的，引起恐慌的scared adj.害怕的；惊恐的6surround vt.环绕，围绕surrounding adj.周围的；四周的surroundings n周围的环境7origin n起源；出身original adj.原先的，最早的，最初的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1come to an end结束；终止2at war 在交战状态中3put up 举起；张贴4let off 使某物爆炸5sweep away 扫除；清除6upside down 上下颠倒7light up 照亮；(使)变得喜悦8up to 从事，忙于；多大；能胜任9scare.away 把吓跑10tens of t

5、housands of 成千上万.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1The cafe owner has put up the required “no smoking” sign.2England and Germany used to be at war.3They must have known what their father was up to.4Terrorists let off a car bomb in a crowded shopping centre.5The fight between the two countries finally came to an end

6、.寻规律、巧记忆n.aladj.v.away动词短语personal 个人的exceptional 例外的regional 地区性的give away泄露，分送get away逃脱，离开put away把收起来放好背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.It is believed that when Fu is put upside down，happiness arrives.人们相信当“福”字倒着贴，福就会到来。It be过去分词that.It is believed that the couple have left the country.据信那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。2.I usual

7、ly start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival，as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.通常春节前数周我就开始计划回山西的旅程，因为要尽早订火车票或机票。as表示原因As she was not well，I went there alone.因为她身体不好，所以我独自到那里去了。3.Every year，the moment I get on the train，I am surrounded by Shan

8、xi accentsand I know that I am heading home to my family.每年，一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了与回家的路。the moment引导时间状语从句I found myself in an entirely new world the moment I arrived in Beijing.我一到北京就感到耳目一新。4.Whats important is who we eat it with.重要的是我们和谁一起吃。what引导主语从句What he said at the meeting astonished everyb

9、ody present.他在会议上所说的让在场的所有人很震惊。 occasion n重要的社交活动；时刻；时候(1)on one occasion有一次on that occasion 那时；在那种情况下on occasion 偶尔(2)occasional adj. 偶尔的；不经常的；特殊场合的occasionally adv. 偶然地；偶尔；有时On one occasion，she called me in the middle of the night.有一次，她半夜给我打电话。He has been known on occasion to lose his temper.大家都知道

10、他有时会发脾气。He managed to remain cool by swimming occasionally(occasion)他不时地游泳来使自己保持凉快。名师点津当occasion后接定语从句时，其引导词要依据occasion的含义及在从句中所作的成分来确定。当occasion作先行词，其含义为“场合；庆典”时，应将它看作充当从句中的地点状语，用where来引导；当表示“机会；时刻”时，应将它看作充当从句中的时间状语，用when来引导。 congratulation n恭喜；祝贺(1)congratulation n祝贺，恭贺(常用复数形式)congratulations(to s

11、b.)on sth.祝贺(某人)某事(2)congratulate sb.on sth. 祝贺某人某事congratulate oneself on(doing)sth. 庆幸自己(做)某事He congratulated himself on having survived the air crash.他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于难。We congratulated him on having passed(pass)the examination.我们祝贺他通过了考试。I send you my warmest congratulations(congratulate)on your succ

12、ess.我对你的成功致以最热烈的祝贺。 come to an end 结束(教材P51)Amid the boom of firecrackers a year has come to an end，and the spring wind has wafted warm breath to the wine.爆竹声中一岁除，东风送暖入屠苏。bring an end to sth.bring sth.to an end使结束put an end to sth. 结束，消除come to an end 结束in the end 最终，终于end in 以告终，最后的结果是end up with 以

13、结束When will we bring an end to the war between the USA and Iraq?我们何时才能使美伊战争结束？The exploration ended in failure.这次探险活动以失败告终。The discussion finally came to an end.讨论终于结束了。 put up修建；举起；提供膳宿；张贴(教材P52)to put up decorations 搭建装饰品写出下列句中put up的含义Theyre putting up several new office blocks in the centre of t

14、own.建造The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon.张贴If you have any questions，put up your hands.举起They agreed to put two foreign students up over the summer.提供食宿put up with容忍，忍受put off 推迟，延期put down 写下，记下；放下put away 把收拾起来；把钱、物等储存起来put on 穿上；打开；增加(体重等)；假装；采纳I have to put up with my cats fur a

15、ll over the house.我必须要忍受我的猫在我的房子里掉了满地的猫毛。Just because of the rain，the sports meet was put off.都是下雨，运动会才延期的。I only put away the things that might prove to be a danger to a child.我只是把可能对孩子造成危险的东西收了起来。 account vt.认为是，视为n描述，报道；(银行)账户；账目；解释，说明(教材P52)Read the three readers accounts.读三位读者的描述。(1)account for

16、说明(原因等)；做出解释；占(比例)(2)on account of 由于，因为on any account 无论如何on no account 绝不 take account of/take.into accounttake.into consideration 考虑You should take these facts into account.These facts should be taken into account.你应将这些事实加以考虑。How do you account for making so many mistakes in your homework?你如何解释作业

17、中出现了这么多错误？名师点津on no account置于句首时，句子部分倒装。 attach vt.贴；固定；附上(教材P52)Next，the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door.接着，汉字“福”被倒着贴在门上。(1)attach sth.to.把某物连接到/固定在/附在上attach importance/significance to. 重视；认为重要/有意义/有价值(2)attached 附属于；为工作；依恋；爱慕be attached to. 被连接到；爱慕an attached schoo

18、l 附属学校Attach a recent photograph to your application form before handing it in.申请表上请贴一张近照再上交。I attach great significance to the summit meeting.我认为这次峰会会议具有重要意义。This hospital is attached(attach)to Hefei Medical University nearby.这个医院附属于附近的合肥医科大学。 let off 使某物爆炸(教材P52)Fireworks were being let off across

19、 the city.烟花在城市上空燃放。let out放出；泄露let sb.down 使某人失望let in 让进来，放进let alone 更不用说，更谈不上let.alone 不打扰，不惊动Im afraid she let us down badly.很遗憾，她让我们大失所望。The boys were letting off fireworks.那些男孩在放烟花。With each bump of the airplane he would let out a giggle of delight.飞机的每一次颠簸都让他发出咯咯的笑声。 scare sb./sth.away把吓跑(教材

20、P52)Mrs Chen said that it was to scare away the monster Nian.陈女士说这是为了吓走“年”兽。 (1)scared adj.惊恐的，担惊受怕的be scaredbe scared to death 吓得要命(2)scare vt. 使某人受惊；惊吓n. 恐慌；惊恐scare sb.away/off 把某人吓跑/吓退scare sb.into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事She tries to scare the child into behaving well.她试图恐吓那孩子让其守规矩。She was scared to d

21、eath(die)to wait for the result of her entrance examination in the middle of June.在六月中旬，她非常害怕地等着入学考试成绩。The little girl was scared to go(go)out alone in the evening.晚上小女孩不敢独自外出。语境助记The little girl is scared of going across the bridge because she is scared to fall into the river. surround vt.环绕；围绕(教材P

22、53)Every year，the moment I get on the train，I am surrounded by Shanxi accentsand I know that I am heading home to my family.每年，一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了与回家的路。(1)surround sb./sth.with.使包围某人/某物be surrounded by/with. 被包围/环绕surround反身代词with. 喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西)(2)surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的surroundings n

23、. 周围的事物；环境；气氛People say it is Canadas most beautiful city，surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。He loves to surround himself with his family and friends.他喜欢与家人和朋友在一起。Id like to bring up my child in healthy surroundings(surround)我想在健康的环境中养育我的孩子。 (教材P53)I usually start

24、 planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival，as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.通常春节前数周我就开始计划回山西的旅程，因为要尽早订火车票或飞机票。【要点提炼】句中的as作连词，表示原因。意为“因为”。(1)as作为从属连词，可以引导下列从句a时间状语从句，意为“正当的时候”、“一面一面”、“随着”，从句可放主句之前或主句之后。b引导方式状语从句，意为“如同”、“按照的方式、样子、办法”。as从句总跟在主句之后。cas

25、引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，多在主句之前，且多用倒装。(应将从句主要成分的形容词、副词、原形动词、不加冠词的单数名词置于as前面)。das引导比较状语从句，意为“和一样/不一样”。表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词(意为“那么”“如此”)，第二个as为连词(引导的比较状语从句常常用省略)。其基本结构为：asadj./adv.as。(2)as作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，既可以单独使用，也可以与其他词连用，其用法要比that和which更为复杂，而且as在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语，可以指人也可指物。(3)as作为介词的用法：表示“好像，作为，当作”。As he

26、 walked on，he felt himself getting more and more tired.随着他继续走，他感到他越来越劳累。Difficult as it is，we should not give it up.尽管很难，我们不应该放弃。This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 (教材P53)Every year，the moment I get on the train，I am surrounded by Shanxi accentsand I know that I am heading home t

27、o my family.每年一坐上火车，就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了与回家的路。【要点提炼】句中the moment I get on the train是the moment引导的时间状语从句，the moment表示“一就”。表示“一就”的形式还有：(1)the minute/second/instant(2)immediately/directly/instantly(3)hardly.when.；no sooner.than.(4)as soon as.(5)onn./doing.I went home directly I had finished work.我一干完活就回家

28、了。No sooner had he arrived than he fell sick.他刚抵达就病倒了。They were presented with flowers on arrival/arriving(arrive)at the airport.在他们到达机场时，向他们献了花。被动语态的用法语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family.2.First，the house was cleaned from top to bottom.3.Fireworks were be

29、ing let off across the city.4.The night sky was lighted up by them.5.I am surrounded by Shanxi accents.6.Great fun is also enjoyed in the kitchen as the dumplings are being made.以上各句均为被动语态。其中1、5、6句为一般现在时的被动语态；具体结构是：am/is/are done；2、4句为一般过去时的被动语态，具体结构是：was/were done；3句为过去进行时的被动语态，具体结构是was/were being

30、done；6句为现在进行时的被动语态，具体结构为am/is/are being done。一、基本知识(一)概念语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。(二)构成被动语态一般由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。(三)用法1讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者。(这时可省略by短语)My bike was stolen last night.我的自行车昨晚被偷了。2借助被动的动作突出动作的受动者。The bike wa

31、s knocked down by a naughty boy.这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。3为使句子更加合理、流畅。The plan was supported by those who wished to live on the campus.这计划得到希望住在校内的人的支持。4习惯用法的需要。这类词常见的有born，determine，devote，seat，dress，situate等。He was born in China in 2017.他于2017年出生在中国。即时训练1用所给动词的正确形式填空So what is the procedure?All the appli

32、cants are interviewed(interview)before a final decision is made by the authority.If nothing is done(do)，the oceans will turn into fish deserts.Mum，I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I get paid(pay)on Friday.二、形式时态名称被动语态形式一般现在时am/is/are过去分词一般过去时was/were过去分词一般将来时will/shallbe过去分词过

33、去将来时wouldbe过去分词现在进行时am/is/arebeing过去分词过去进行时was/werebeing过去分词现在完成时have/hasbeen过去分词过去完成时hadbeen过去分词The boy is often heard to play the piano.人们经常听到这个男孩弹钢琴。(一般现在时)She was seen to enter the hall.有人看见她进了大厅。(一般过去时)A new house will be built by us next year.明年我们要建一栋新房子。(一般将来时)The problem is being discussed a

34、t the meeting.会议上正在讨论这个问题。(现在进行时)A meeting was being held when I was there.我到那儿时，正在开会。(过去进行时)All these flowers have been watered.这些花都浇过了。(现在完成时)The building had been completed before I arrived.在我去之前那座建筑就已竣工了。(过去完成时)These books may be kept for two weeks.这些书可以借两周。(含情态动词)名师点津被动语态中的be动词有时可用get来代替。“get过去

35、分词”一般用来谈论突然发生的事件，只表示动作，不表示状态。She got hurt on her way back home.她在回家的路上受伤了。即时训练2用所给动词的正确形式填空Have you heard about that fire in the market?Yes，fortunately no one was hurt(hurt)The condition is usually treated with drugs and a strict diet.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their ef

36、forts will be rewarded(reward)with success in the end.三、被动语态的注意事项1以主动形式表被动意义的动词(1)表示状态特征的系动词，如look，sound，feel，smell，taste，prove不用于被动语态，其后接形容词或名词构成系表结构，表示被动含义。The food tastes delicious.这食物味道鲜美。The cotton feels soft.棉花摸上去很软。(2)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如open，shut，lock，sell，write，wash习惯上以主动形式表示被动含义。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有

37、一个修饰语。This kind of cloth washes well.这种布好洗。The engine wont start.引擎发动不起来。(3)need，want，require作谓语，其主语为物时，动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。The plan required discussing.这项计划需要讨论。2不用被动语态的几种情况(1)不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，常见的有：appear，die，disappear，rise，end，fail，happen，last，lie，remain，sit，spread，stand，break out，come true，fall

38、asleep，lose heart，take place等。The price has risen.价格升高了。The accident happened last week.事故是上周发生的。名师点津要想正确地使用被动语态，就需注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。(2)有些及物动词和及物动词短语不能用于被动语态，常见的有：fit，have，hold，marry，own，wish，cost，notice，watch，agree with，arrive at/in，shake hands with，succeed in

39、，suffer from，happen to，take part in，walk into，belong to。This key just fits the lock.这把钥匙适合这把锁。Your story agrees with what he heard.你的故事与他听到的相符。即时训练3用所给动词的正确形式填空Your idea sounds(sound)a good one.This cheese doesnt cut(not cut)easily.Its too soft.The flowers in the garden needs watering(water)单句语法填空1V

40、egetables and fruits in this shop sell(sell)well.2Football is played(play)in most countries of the world.3I had not been woken(wake)up by the noise，so I was late this morning.4When was the first manmade satellite sent(send)up into space?5How many magazines can be borrowed(borrow)from your library ev

41、ery week?6I have to go to work by taxi because my car is being repaired(repair)at the garage.7Unless some extra money is found(find)，the theatre will close.8I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but was held(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.9It is reported that a space stati

42、on will be built(build)on the moon in years to come.10The Great Wall is known(know)all over the world.单句语法填空1Instantly(instant)he saw me，he held out his hands.2As a Party member，Ill take the lead in everything.3Foxes started coming in from the surrounding(surround)countryside.4He was scared(scare)to

43、 cross the rickety bridge.5He hasnt enough money for food，let alone amusements.6Much importance is attached to the development of the individual self.7He could not account for his absence from school.8Make sure that you put down every word she says.9I hope we have brought an end to our arguments.10W

44、e must telephone our congratulations(congratulate)to the happy couple.完成句子1无论他怎样努力也达不到目标。However hard he may try，he will not attain his goal.2告诉他，他一到我就要见他。Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives. 3这是花草树木环绕周围的房子。This is a house surrounded with trees and flowers.4他脸色苍白，看起来吓得要死。His face was white and he looked scared to death.5我决不向他道歉。On no condition do I make an apology to him.