江西省吉安县第三中学人教版高中英语必修四课件：UNIT 1 GRAMMAR .ppt

1、用动词的适当形式填空1.I _ a student.(be)2.He _ good at English.(be)3.You _ late for class again.(be)4.They _ many new books.(have)5.She _ two sisters.(have)amisarehavehas根据主语决定与其一致的单数或复数的谓语导Subjectverb Agreement主 谓 一 致Unit 1 Grammar主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则，也是英语和汉语区别很大的地方。Subjectverb Agree

2、ment 主谓一致主谓一致根据句意填上适当的动词1.The number of our class_sixty.A number of students_playing tennis now.2.What he said _true.3.Neither the students nor the teacher _(know)this matter.二、意义一致三、就近原则一、语法一致思isareisknows即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。I often help him and he often helps me.We often help each

3、other.语法一致不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数。主语+as well as;along with;together with;rather than;no less than;but;except;besides;in addition to;like;including 时，其单复数与前面的主语保持一致，即就远原则 Nothing but stamps and envelopes(be)for sale now.The teacher with a number of students(be)in the classroom.The teach

4、er as well as his students(like)musicisislikesmany a(n)许多/more than one(不止一个)做主语时，谓语动词用单数More than one person(be)against the proposal.Many a student(agree)that English is interesting.isagrees不定代词either;neither;each.复合不定代词：anyone;anything;someone;somebody;something;everyoe;everybody;everything;nobody

5、;nothing 做主语时，谓语动词用单数Nothing(be)impossible.We went to see a couple of houses,but neithersuitable.iswastrousers，glasses，clothes，scissors 剪刀，goods 货物，savings 储蓄金，belongings财产等等名词作主语时，谓语用复数 .如果主语部分有kind，sort，pair，type of名词时，谓语动词的数要与量词保持一致。My glasses(be)on the desk.A pair of glasses(be)on the desk.Two p

6、air of glasses(be)on the desk.areis are“half/most/enough/part/the rest/the last/lots/plenty/one third of/（60）percent of名词”作主语，谓语动词要和它们所修饰的名词保持一致。One third of the workers in this factory(be)women.A lot of students(come)to the meeting.A lot of work(not finish)yet.areare cominghasnt been finished倒装句的主谓

7、一致，特别注意找准主语In the park(lie)seversal lakes.Here(be)some advertisements about coffee.lieare Two pictures _ on the wall,which attract many people.On the wall _ two pictures,which attract many people.Their teacher _ among the students,who is in her thirties.Among the students _ their teacher,who is in h

8、er thirties.倒装句中的语法一致arearestandsstandsone of the+复数名词引导的定语从句中从句的谓语动词用the only one of+复数名词引导的定语从句中从句的谓语动词Tom is one of the boys who(be)on time.Tom is the only one of the boys who(be)on time.areis 复数单数 the number/quantity/amount of+名词，“.的数量”谓语动词用形式 A number of+复数名词，“大量的，许多的”谓语动词用形式 Large/huge quantit

9、ies/amounts of+名词“大量的，许多的”作主语，其后的谓语取决于_ _ 复数单数quantity;amount的单复数Why does the Lake smell terrible?-Because large quantities of wate_(福建卷)A.have polluted B is being polluted C.has been polluted D.have been pollutedD意义一致意义一致原则是指主语表达的单复数概念决定了谓语动词的单复数。The crowd were surrounding the government official.P

10、hysics is hard to learn.Great Expectations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860.1.and连接两个或两个以上的主语时（1）and连接两个或两个以上的主语时，谓语动词一般用。例如：He and I are both students of this school.The writer and the translator(be)delivering a speech in our school tonight.The writer and translator(be)delivering a speech in

11、our school tonight.are复数意义一致isA.表整体概念的并列结构：bread and butter knife and fork iron and steel law and orderB.配套事物：a watch and chain a needle and thread The knife and forkon the desk.(2)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，同一个人，同一事物时,and后面的名词无冠词，这时谓语动词用。单数is“no/each/every单数名词andno/each/every单数名词”作主语,谓语用单数。In our country

12、，every boy and every girl(have)the right to receive education.has _作主语时，往往谓语动词用。注意：what引导的主语从句，谓语动词一般用单数形式，若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。Eg:What they need _(be)books.他们需要的是书。Reading aloud(be)important in learning a foreign language.To see_(be)to believe眼见为实。Whether he comes or not(be)of no matter.isi

13、s is 单个动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句单数are“the+形容词”结构表示”一类人”作主语时,谓语通常用。若指具体的某个人时则视情况用单数.The old _(be)well looked after in China.The wounded(send)to the hospital nearby so far.The injured _(be)a little boy.arehave been sent 复数is形复意单的名词news，means，works（工厂）以及以cs结尾的学科名称(physics,politics)作主语时,谓语用。表示总称意义的形单意复的名词,如p

14、eople,police，cattle,youth等作主语时,只当作复数看待,谓语用。eg:Cattle(be)one cause of the problem.South of the city(lie)an iron works.Physics(seem)to be difficult to me.liesseems 单数复数are 注意：集体名词 people,police,cattle等在任何情况下谓语动词都用复数形式。表示_等的复数名词作主语时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体时，谓语用;若看成一个个的个体时，谓语用。Thirty minutes _(be)a long time.Eg:F

15、our thousand dollars _(be)more than she can afford.Eg:There _(be)ten minutes left.isis 单数复数时间；距离；金额；重量are 归纳：集体名词_ _等作主语，强调整体用，指个体成员用。The population in China _(be)very large and 80%of the population _ (live)in rural areas.中国人口很多，其中80%的人住在农村。Eg:The whole class(be)listening to the teacher attentively.

16、liveis 单数复数 audience,class,crew（全体工作人员），family,committee(委员会)，team,population；groupisall，none，some，any；most 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。Allgoing on very well.一切顺利。Eg:All present besides the professor.包括教授在内大家都在。isare 就近原则就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.or,neither.nor，r.等

17、连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与在单复数上保持一致。Neither you nor I(be)fit for the work.Eg:You or he(be)to blame.either or,靠近它的主语not only but also,not but amis由there,here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语通常和保持一致 There (be)a pencil and two pens in the pencilbox.Eg:Here(be)some books and a schoolbag for you.is靠近它的主语are1.1.The factory used 65 perce

18、nt of the raw materials,the rest of which _ saved for other purposes.A.is B.are C.was D.were 2.【2011湖南卷)】One third of the country _covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_black people.A.is;are B.is;is C.are;are D.are;is3.10全国Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women

19、who _ evening dress.A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have wornDAB4.10湖南Listening to loud music at rock concertscaused hearing loss in some teenagers.A.is B.are C.has D.have5.Many a boy _ made such a funny experiment.A.have B.are C.has D.is 4.Every6.Every boy and(every)girl _ got a toy train.(has/have)7.No teacher and no student _ to have classes on Sunday.(agree/agrees)8.A black and white dogplaying in the yard.ChasagreesCisHomework1.Finish exercises in Workbook.2.完成日日清Grammar