2020秋高二英语北师大版必修5学案：UNIT 15 SECTION Ⅳ　LESSON 4 WORD版含解析.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Section Lesson 4.重点单词1acquire vt. 获得，得到2hinking n. 思考，考虑3rank n. 职衔4worthy adj. 值得的5approve v. 赞成；认可；同意6urge vt. 力劝，强烈要求7inspire v. 启发；鼓舞8conventional adj. 传统的，保守的9civilisation n. 文明10vital adj. 极其重要的11image n. 景象，形象；比喻12unwilling adj. 不情愿的13shadow n. 阴影；影子14religion n. 宗教religious a

2、dj. 宗教的15defence n. 保卫，保护defend v. 保卫，保护16ignore vt. 忽视，不顾ignorance n. 忽视17assumption n. 假定，假设assume vt. 假定，假设18beneficial adj. 有用的，有益的benefit n. 益处，好处v. 对有益.核心短语1o_start_with 首先2be/get_accustomed_to 习惯于3go_against 违背4come_to_ones_defence 为某人辩护5end_to 往往会，倾向于6make_assumptions_about 对作出假设7(be) based

3、on 以为基础 8put forward 提出 9approve of 赞成，赞许 10in other words 换句话说 11be vital to 对重要 12be beneficial to 对有益 .经典句式1with复合结构在句中作状语At that time, people believed more in religion than in facts and people like Galileo Galilei (15641642), who proved scientific ideas such as “the Earth is not the centre of th

4、e universe”， were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.在当时，人们更多地相信宗教，而不是事实。像伽利略伽利莱(15641642)这样证明了诸如“地球不是宇宙的中心”等科学观点的人常常被教会惩罚，而没有人来为他们辩护。2what引导的名词性从句作challenge的宾语。The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what_they_had_always_co

5、mfortably_believed.教会和很多人往往会忽视事实，他们不愿向自己一直相信的事实发出挑战。3“It isadj.that从句”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。 It_is_not_surprising_that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384322 BC)人们愿意相信这些古老的见解，这毫不奇怪，因为那是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384公元前322)提出来的。1.v.p

6、tionn.assumption 假定；臆断presumption 假设consumption 消费量 description 描写subscription 订阅2bepptobe accustomed to 习惯于be related to 和有联系be addicted to 沉溺于be opposed to 反对be devoted to 献身于课文预读“Who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much.”Francis Bacon (15611626)It seems obvious now how we acquire k

7、nowledge and understanding. To start with， you need questions. Then, to find answers, you observe the world around you and study the facts. After that you consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search eng

8、ine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the worlds problems with this type of analysisluckily for us.However, in the 17th century when Francis Bacon suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was goi

9、ng against the views of the day. Bacon held an important rank under King James(15661625)of England but his true interest was not the day to day bureaucratic details of the government, but the worthy search for knowledge. This was certainly not the interest of most people in his day. At that time, pe

10、ople believed more in religion than in facts and people like Galileo Galilei (15641642), who proved scientific ideas such as “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”， were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence. The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and

11、 were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed. They preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of others. In fact, when Galilei proved that the Earth was not the centre of the universe, instead of believing him, people chose to believe views that w

12、ere almost 2000 years old！acquire/kwaI/vt. 获得，得到句中It作形式主语，how引导的从句为真正的主语。to start with(to begin with)首先，第一observe/bzv/v. 观察；遵守(规则，法律等)be accustomed to习惯于(to为介词)spit sth. out把吐出Although引导让步状语从句。thinking/IkI/n. 思考，考虑when引导定语从句，修饰the 17th century，that引导的从句作suggested的宾语。go against违背(某人的希望、信念、期望等)；对(某人)不

13、利be against反对be for赞成rank/rk/n. 职衔bureaucratic/bjrkrtIk/adj. 官僚的worthy/wi/adj. 值得的be worthyreligion/rIlIdn/n. 宗教defence/dIfens/n. 保卫，保护in defence of保卫tend to往往会，倾向于ignore/In/vt. 忽视，不顾unwilling/nwIlI/adj. 不情愿的这是一个复合句，第二个and连接的是并列谓语，what引导的从句作challenge的宾语。assumption/smpn/n. 假定，假设(be) based on以为基础when引

14、导时间状语从句。第12段译文“善于提问的人学到的更多，并且记住的更多。”弗兰西斯培根(15611626)我们如何获取知识及如何理解现在似乎显而易见。首先，你需要提出问题。然后，为了找到答案，你观察自己周围的世界并研究事实。之后，你考虑可能的答案，并且一一加以测试来找出正确的答案。尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎里敲进几个关键词，等待互联网为我们吐出答案，然而对我们来说幸运的是，当代的科学家和思想家还是用这种分析的方法来解决世界上的问题。然而，在17世纪，当弗兰西斯培根提出这种思考方式是获取知识的途径时，他背离了当时的观念。在英国詹姆士国王(15661625)统治时期，培根是一位身居要职的官员，但

15、是他真正的兴趣不是政府每日的繁文缛节，而是对知识的崇高追求。这当然不是他那个时代大多数人的兴趣。那时，人们更多地相信宗教，而不是事实。像伽利略伽利莱(15641642)这样证明了例如“地球不是宇宙的中心”等科学观点的人常常被教会惩罚而无人为他们辩护。教会和许多人往往会忽视事实，不愿意去挑战他们一直深信不疑的东西。他们宁愿以其他人的经验为依据对世界做出假设。事实上，当伽利莱证实地球不是宇宙的中心时，人们不相信他的话，而宁愿去相信存在了将近两千年的观点！put forward提出句中It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；as引导原因状语从句。feel v. 觉得，感到feel like

16、doing.想做某事approve of赞成，赞许approve/pruv/v. 赞成；认可；同意第34段译文人们愿意相信这些古老的观点并不奇怪，因为这些观点是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384公元前322)提出来的。他说地球一定是宇宙的中心，因为从感觉上讲地球是静止不动的。伽利莱不同意这种说法。起初，人们赞同他的研究并敦促他继续进行，但是后来当他证明亚里士多德错了的时候，他们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。他们不愿意挑战他们一直认为正确的东西。这也表明人们是多么不愿意去探索自己对事物的理解或教育自己。在今天，这仍然是事实。人们认为，如果某个重要的和受尊敬的人说某事是正确的，那它一定是正确的。但尽

17、管亚里士多德是一位伟人，他激励了许多杰出的科学家和哲学家，但他有时也会出错。伽利莱也犯过错误。虽然他现在以“天文学之父”而闻名，但是他认为地球围绕太阳转动的轨迹是一个精确的圆圈。他是错误的。因此，我们对周围世界的理解是不断发展和变化的。换句话说，我们每天都在学习更多东西，谁也不能悠然自得地说：“我们什么都知道。” 第5段译文我们要感谢历史上伟人的才智，它让我们懂得，我们不是什么都懂，或许永远不会什么都懂，如果我们什么都懂，那将意味着世界上没有问题了。因此，我们今天拥有这么多的知识和对世界的理解，是因为有培根和伽利莱这样的人。为了发现建造今天文明的知识王国，他们勇敢地从传统思想的阴影中走出来。这

18、些人懂得知识和理解是要奋斗的东西；有人或许会说，相较于世界上所有的金钱，对一个人来说，它们更重要；对人类来说，更有益。 “所有的真理一旦被发现都很容易被人理解，问题是要有人去发现真理。”伽利略伽利莱(15641642)课文理解Task One：Fast ReadingMatch the paragraphs with their main ideas.Para. 1APeople believed in what someone important and respected said.Para. 2 BPeople try to solve the worlds problems with

19、analysis.Para. 3 & 4 CPeople thanked the great men who studied in a scientific way.Para. 5 DPeople believed in religion in ancient times.答案：Para.1 BPara.2 DPara.3 & 4 APara.5 CTask Two：Careful Reading.Judge the following statements True or False.1People are used to turning to the Internet for help w

20、hen they have questions nowadays.(T)2Most people in Bacons time were interested in the search for knowledge as Bacon.(F)3People believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe until Galilei proved Aristotle was wrong.(F)4Galilei proved that the Earth wasnt the centre of the universe, but he a

21、lso made a mistake.(T)5We would get more knowledge about the world since men never stop thinking and researching.(T).Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.1What is the first step to acquire knowledge and understanding?ATo find answers.BTo study the facts.CTo test answer

22、s.DTo put forward questions.答案：D2Who solve problems by thinking and analyzing according to the passage?APeople nowadays.BPeople in the 17th century.CModern scientists and thinkers.DThe great philosopher Aristotle.答案：C3People in the 17th century didnt believe Galileo Galilei because _.Athey believed

23、more in religionBthe Earth was standing stillCBacon put forward the view that the Earth must be the centre of the universeDGalilei couldnt prove his view that the Earth was not the centre of the universe答案：A4Whats the aim of the writer when Aristotle and Galilei are referred to in the fourth paragra

24、ph?AAristotle was wrong.BIts unbelievable for great men to be wrong.CGalilei was wrong.DEveryone can be wrong at times.答案：D5Whats the main idea of the sentence “All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them.”？AAll truths are easy to discover.BIts most impo

25、rtant to discover truths.CIts more important to understand truths than to discover them.DIf we want to discover truths, we should first understand them.答案：BTask Three：MicrowritingRead the text carefully and fill in the following blanks.“Who _1_ (question) much, shall learn much, and remember much，”

26、said Francis Bacon. Now it seems obvious how we acquire knowledge and _2_ (understand). However, in the 17th century, people believed more in religion than in facts. As _3_ result, people who proved _4_ (science) ideas were often punished. Many people tended _5_ (ignore) the facts and were unwilling

27、 to challenge what they had believed. Till today, people still feel that if someone important and _6_ (respect) says that something is right, then it must be so. _7_ sometimes great men such as Aristotle and Galilei might make mistakes. Therefore our understanding of the world around us is _8_ (cons

28、tant) growing and changing. In other _9_ (word), we learn more every day and none of us can simply say, “We know it all”“All truths are easy to understand _10_ they are discovered; the point is to discover them，” said Galileo Galilei.1questions2.understanding3.a4.scientific5o_ignore6.respected7.But8

29、.constantly9.words10once1 (教材P42)It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding.我们如何获取知识和理解现在似乎显而易见。acquire knowledge/experience获得知识/经验acquire a good knowledge of 学会，精通acquire a habit of 养成的习惯acquire a taste for 开始喜欢即学即用(1)Meanwhile, they exchange ideas and feelings with each other,

30、 through which they probably acquire more knowledge.与此同时，他们彼此交流思想和感情，这样他们可能获得更多的知识。(2)He acquired a taste for brandy at that time.他在那个时候养成了喝白兰地的嗜好。(3)Only when you have acquired_a_good_knowledge_of grammar can you write correctly.只有当你拥有了完善的语法知识，你才能正确地写作。(4)We should try to acquire_a_good_habit_of ta

31、king notes.我们应该努力养成做笔记的好习惯。(5)His character acquired_him_a_good_reputation.他的品格使他得到好名声。2 (教材P42)Bacon held an important rank under King James (15661625) of England but his true interest was not the day to day bureaucratic details of the government, but the worthy search for knowledge.在英国詹姆士国王(156616

32、25)统治时期，培根是一位身居要职的官员，但是他真正的兴趣不是政府每日的繁文缛节，而是对知识的崇高追求。表示“值得”的句型：(1)be worthn.be worthy ofn.(2)be worth doingbe worthy(3)Its worthwhile doing/to do sth.即学即用(1)The Chinese community is well worth a visit.The Chinese community is well worthy of a visit.华人社区非常值得去参观一下。(2)The article is worthy of careful st

33、udy.The article is worthy of being_studied (study) carefully.The article is worthy o_be_studied (study) carefully.The article is worth studying (study) carefully.Its worthwhile studying/to_study (study)the article carefully.这篇文章值得仔细研读。名师点津(1)表示“很值得做”，要用be well worth doing.；(2)worth一般只作表语；而worthy和wor

34、thwhile既可作表语又可作定语。3 (教材P42)The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.教会和许多人经常忽视事实，不愿意去挑战他们一直深信不疑的东西。(1)ignorant adj.无知的，不知道的be ignorant of/about. 对不了解；对无知(2)ignorance n. 无知；不知情be in ignorance of/about sth. 不知道某事即学即

35、用(1)I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely.我向她打招呼，她却根本不理我。(2)The old man is ignorant about modern technology.这位老人对现代科技一无所知。(3)The tourist ignored_the_warning and got off the car in Badaling Wildlife Zoo, causing the tragedy.那位游客不听警告，在八达岭野生动物园下车，结果酿成悲剧。(4)单句语法填空I am quite ignorant of/abou

36、t what they intend to do.His failure resulted from his ignorance (ignore)4 (教材P42)At first， people approved of his studies and urged him to continue， but later when he proved Aristotle wrong， they grew angry and put him in prison.起初，人们赞同他的研究并敦促他继续进行，但是后来当他证明亚里士多德错了的时候，他们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。(一)approve v. 赞成

37、；认可；批准(1)approve of (doing) sth.赞成(做)某事approve sth. 批准，通过某事(2)approval n. 赞成；赞许；批准meet with ones approval 得到某人的批准win ones approval 赢得某人的支持without approval 未经许可即学即用(1)Now people approve of living a lowcarbon life.现在人们赞成过低碳生活。(2)The committee approved the plan at the meeting yesterday.昨天在会上委员会通过了该项计划。

38、(3)It made no difference that our travelling plan didnt win_parents_approval.我们的旅行计划没有获得父母的支持，但是不会有影响的。(4)It is hoped the new law against smoking will_be_approved by the committee.有关禁烟的新法律有望会得到委员会的批准。(二)urge v. 力劝；强烈要求 n. 迫切愿望；强烈要求(1)urge sb. to do sth.催促某人做某事urge sth. on/upon sb. 大力推荐；竭力主张urge.into

39、 doing. 催促/怂恿做urge that. 主张；力劝(2)have an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事即学即用(1)The teacher urged on/upon us the necessity of practice.老师向我们强调练习的必要性。(2)The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.假期快到了，我迫切想去旅行。(3)The management urged that the cost of production (should) be further reduced.管理部门敦促进一步降低生产

40、成本。(4)单句语法填空I urge him o_write (write) a novel about the life that we live together in the country.I urged that we (should)_take (take) immediate measures to prevent such thing happening again.He urged on/upon his pupils the importance of hard work.He has an urge to become a film star.联想归纳urge后跟that

41、从句时，从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词为should动词原形，should可省略。5 inspire v. 鼓舞，鼓励；使产生(感觉或情感)；赋予灵感，激发想法；启发；启示(教材P43)But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times.尽管亚里士多德是一位伟人，他激励了许多杰出的科学家和哲学家，但他有时也会出错。(1)inspire sb. with sth.(inspire sth. in s

42、b.)激起/唤起某人的(感情、思想等)inspire sb. to do sth.鼓舞某人去做某事(2)inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的(3)inspiration n. 激励；灵感即学即用(1)We need a new captainsomeone who can inspire the team.我们需要一位能够鼓舞士气的新队长。(2)His encouraging remarks inspired me with confidence.他令人鼓舞的话语唤起了我的自信。(3)Many artists get their inspiration

43、 from nature.许多艺术家从大自然中获得灵感。(4)单句语法填空I hope this success will inspire you o_make (make) greater efforts.The good news inspired us with pride and courage.The good news inspired pride and courage in us.The short novel has brought me a creative inspiration (inspire)Zang Kejia wrote some very inspiring

44、(inspire) poems.6 (教材P43)These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for； more vital to a man， and more beneficial to mankind， some might say， than all the money in the world.这些人懂得知识和理解是要奋斗的事情；有人会说，相较于世界上所有的金钱，对一个人来说，它更重要，对人类来说，它更有益。(一)vital adj. 极其重要的be vital to/for对极为重要Its

45、vital to do sth. 做某事极其重要Its vital that.(should) do. 至关重要注意：vital可用作定语和表语。用作表语时，后面可接介词for或to引导的短语，表示“对极其重要”。即学即用(1)Consideration for other people is vital for all of us.对我们所有人来说，体谅他人至关重要。(2)单句语法填空Whats worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians dont think it is vital o_obey (obey) traffic rules.It

46、 is vital that everyone (should)_receive (receive) good education.(二)beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的，有帮助的(1)be beneficial to.对有益(2)benefit v. 有益于，得益于；n. 益处，好处benefit from/by. 从中受益for the benefit of sb.(for sb.s benefit) 为了某人的利益；为帮助某人be of benefit to. 对有益即学即用(1)Sunshine and fresh air are beneficial to your r

47、ecovery from illness.阳光和新鲜空气对你病情的恢复有益。(2)When people offer you words of praise, it may not always be for your benefit.当人们称赞你的时候，可能并不总是对你有利。(3)Both sides have benefited from the talks.双方都已经从会谈中受益。(4)单句语法填空Using computers has a beneficial (benefit) effect on childrens learning.You will benefit from ha

48、rd work and poor conditions.The organization was founded for the benefit of the disabled.7 (教材P43)Why did Aristotle assume that the sun moved around the Earth?为什么亚里士多德认为太阳绕着地球转？(1)assume.to be.认为是assume (that). 认为It is (generally) assumed that.人们(普遍)认为(2)assumption n. 假定，假设make an assumption 认为，假定on

49、 the assumption that. 假定，假设(3)assuming (that). 假定即学即用(1)We cannot assume anything in this case.在这种情形下我们无法做任何揣测。(2)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为，压力是工作过重所致。 (3)The project was predicated on the assumption that the economy was expanding.这一计划是以经济发展的设想为依据的。 (4)It is

50、reasonable to assume (that) the house prices will continue to go up.认为房价会继续上涨是有道理的。(5)单句语法填空They bought the secondhand house on the assumption (assume) that the former owner would paint it.We must assume him o_be (be) innocent until he is proved guilty.Assuming (assume) that you are right, what shou

51、ld we do next?联想归纳在英语中，有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词，实际上却常用作介词或连词。与assuming类似的词还有：considering prep. & conj.鉴于，考虑到given prep. 鉴于，考虑到including prep. 包括，包含supposing conj. 假设，假如provided/providing conj. 假如，如果concerning prep. 关于1 (教材P42)Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search eng

52、ine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the worlds problems with this type of analysisluckily for us.虽然我们现在更习惯在搜索引擎里输入几个关键词，然后等待互联网吐出答案，然而幸运的是，现代的科学家和思想家们仍然在用这种分析方法来解决世界上的问题。(1)get/become/grow accustomed to(doing)sth.be/get/bec

53、ome used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(2)accustom vt.使习惯于accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.使某人/自己习惯于做某事 即学即用(1)This is not the kind of treatment I am accustomed to.这不是我习惯的那种待遇。(2)She was a person accustomed to having eight hours sleep a night.她是那种习惯每晚睡八个小时的人。(3)He had to accustom himself to the cold wea

54、ther.他不得不使自己习惯于寒冷的天气。(4)单句语法填空Her eyes quickly became accustomed (accustom) to the dark.Some people are really not used to using (use) credit cards.She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting (get) up early.联想归纳请识记含有介词to的常见短语：stick to 坚持look forward to 盼望devote oneself to 致力于get down to

55、着手lead to 导致；通往object to 反对pay attention to 注意2 (教材P42)The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.教会和许多人往往会忽视事实，不愿意去挑战他们一直深信不疑的东西。(1)tend vt. 照管；护理(take care of/look after)tend to do sth.有做某事的倾向；有做 某事的趋势tend to/towa

56、rds sth. 趋向；走向；趋于(2)tendency n. 趋势；倾向have a tendency to do/for sth. 有(做)某事的趋势即学即用(1)When in a group, I tend to act as the spokesman of that group.在小组讨论时我常常表现得像那个组的发言人。(2)For years he tended her in her painful illness.多年来她一直受到病痛的折磨，都是他在照料。(3)There is a growing tendency for people to work at home inst

57、ead of in offices.人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。(4)单句语法填空I tend o_sacrifice (sacrifice) my own interest for the group benefit.She spends her spare time ending (tend) (to) her old mother.Roughly speaking, the endency (tend) of the market is still uncertain.3 (教材P42)It is not surprising that people wanted to

58、 believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle(384322 BC)人们愿意相信这些古老的见解并不奇怪，因为那是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384公元前322)提出来的。put away储存，收起来放好put down 写下；镇压put off 推迟put on 穿上；上演，装出(某种样子)；增加(体重)put out 扑灭，熄灭put up 挂起，举起；贴；给提供住宿put up with 忍受即学即用(1)Can I put you/your name

59、 forward for golf club secretary?我推荐你(提名让你)担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书好吗？(2)They put up a board where they could put up notices.他们挂起了一块木板，在上面可以张贴通知。(3)Mother opened the drawer to put_away cookers.妈妈打开抽屉将餐具收进去放好。(4)Never put_off till tomorrow what may be done today.今日事，今日毕。(5)I dont know how you put_up_with their c

60、onstant quarreling.我不知道你是怎么忍受他们无休止的争吵的。1 (教材P42) It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle(384322 BC).人们愿意相信这些古老的见解并不奇怪，因为那是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384公元前322)提出来的。It is not surprising that.表示“不足为奇”。it为形式主语，真正的主语是that

61、从句。(1)“Itsadj.that.”常用来表示“令人感到”。用于该句型的常见形容词有：necessary, strange, clear, possible, natural, important, likely, obvious等。(2)it作形式主语的句型还有：Itbe过去分词(said, reported等)that.It不及物动词(seem, appear等)that.Itbe名词短语(a pity, no wonder等)that.即学即用(1)It is not surprising that your cousin hasnt passed the exam.你堂兄没通过这次

62、考试不足为奇。(2)It is reported that the fall of the landslide has caused two hundred deaths.据报道，山体滑坡已致200人死亡。(3)It_is_strange_that nobody knows where he has gone.很奇怪没有人知道他去了哪儿了。(4)It_is_amazing_that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.这个男孩能迅速解决这个问题，真令人吃惊。(5)It_is_a_pity_that you didnt attend m

63、y birthday party last night.很遗憾你昨天晚上没有参加我的生日聚会。2(教材P42)At that time, people believed more in religion than in facts and people like Galileo Galilei (15641642), who proved scientific ideas such as “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”， were often punished by the church with no one coming to t

64、heir defence.那时，人们更多地相信宗教，而不是事实，像伽利略伽利莱(15641642)这样证明了诸如“地球不是宇宙的中心”等科学观点的人常常被教会惩罚，而没有人站出来为他们辩护。(1)这是一个由and连接的较为复杂的并列复合句。(2)第二个分句中，主语是people，谓语是were often punished；介词短语like Galileo Galilei作people的后置定语，who proved scientific ideas是非限制性定语从句，补充说明Galileo Galilei；with no one coming to their defence是with的复合

65、结构在句中作状语。在“with宾语宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可以是分词、介词短语、副词、形容词和不定式。由with复合宾语构成的复合结构，常在句中作状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。即学即用(1)With his key lost, he couldnt get into the office.由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。(2)I had to go to bed with nothing to do.我没有事可做，只好睡觉。(3)He likes to sleep with lights on.他喜欢开着灯睡觉。(4)With the door open, the

66、noise of the machines can be heard clearly.门开着，能清晰地听到机器的声音。(5)单句语法填空With no one o_talk (talk) to, John felt miserable.With a lot of work o_do (do), he wasnt allowed to go out.With prices going (go) up so fast, we cant afford luxuries.I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed (fix) on the

67、 ceiling.单句语法填空1It is believed that proper morning exercises are vital o/for our health.2No one was willing to stand up in defence/defense (defend) of the boy.3It is obvious to the students hat they should get well prepared for their future.4My suggestion didnt meet with my boss approval (approve)5I

68、 was unwilling (will) to accept the job, but it seemed that I had no choice.6Accustomed to getting (get) up late, I was late for work again.7You are making an assumption (assume), which might not be true.8The speaker is giving an inspiring (inspire) speech at present.9Learning is not always easy, bu

69、t it is always beneficial (benefit) in the long term.10We tend o_feel (feel) happy once our basic needs are met and we have more than the people surrounding us.完成句子1I approve_of_your_trying to earn some money, but please dont neglect your studies.我同意你去挣一些钱，可是不要忽视了功课。2Within the short time, he didnt

70、get_accustomed_to the climate here.在短时间内，他没有习惯这里的气候。3. With_all_the_work_done,_we went to the nearby neighbourhood and gave them to the people living there.做完所有的工作后，我们去了附近的社区，把它们给了住在那里的人们。 4He wanted to know what_the_manager_had_said at the meeting.他想知道经理在会上说了什么。5. It_is_obvious_that_youve_made_a_serious_mistake.Please be careful next time!很明显你犯了一个严重的错误。下次要细心点！6We should try to acquire_a_habit_of_taking_exercise regularly.我们应努力养成定期锻炼身体的习惯。- 27 - 版权所有高考资源网