2020高考英语增分大二轮讲义：语法部分 专题一语法填空 第1讲 WORD版含答案.doc

1、专题一语法填空策略综述1通读全文，理清逻辑速览全文，尤其是文章的首尾句，以快速了解文章大意、把握基本情节及写作意图并确定总体时态。2分析成分，避难就易此过程中，考生可根据以下几点，边读边填写，一定要做到整句整句地去看。(1)根据固定语法，直接确定答案无论是固定搭配还是固定句式，都会在文章中找到相应的隐藏提示，这种题可直接锁定答案。(2)根据句子成分，确定所填词性确定所填词性，是语法填空做题非常有效的手段之一。如，作表语(系动词后)、定语(修饰名词)、或补语(表性质状态)时，通常用形容词；副词常用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或单独来修饰一句话，作状语；作主语或在及物动词、介词后作宾语，前面有形容词修

2、饰时，通常填名词，且要格外注意名词的单复数；如确定出词性不需变化，那很可能是考查该词的意义相反的派生词；若句子不缺主语或表语，动词后又不缺宾语，则在名词或代词前填介词；若空后为形容词最高级或形容词单数名词，则基本可确定填冠词；若名词前没有冠词、形容词性物主代词和不定代词，则很可能填限定词；如设空处前后均为句子(一般而言，可根据空后有没有实意动词来确定)，则要填关联词。3体会语境，攻克难题少量比较难的问题(主要是关联词或动词的时态和语态)，可根据上下文或整篇语境去仔细体会， 细细琢磨，切忌粗心大意。4重读语篇，仔细核实做完后，应将全文(含自己填写的答案)再仔细审读一遍，确保语意通顺和拼写形式(含

3、大小写)正确。真题导练A(2019全国卷)The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88， there is evidence _61_ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global p

4、opulation of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,00025,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods _63_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s, and are expensive _64_ (perform) consisten

5、tly over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut _65_ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _66_ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by _67_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settle

6、ments, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are _68_ (high) than they actually are. Of _69_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。61分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evid

7、ence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。62修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。63a method of/for doing sth.意为“做某事的方法”。64此处是“主语beadj.不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。故应填to_perform。65根据句中的时间状语“in recent years”可判断时态用现在完成时，故应填have_reported。66根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填believe的名词形式belief。67介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。故应填noting。68根据空格后的than可知，此处应用

8、high的比较级形式higher。69此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故应填the。70此处陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；six指代six polar bear subpopulations，谓语动词应用复数。故应填are。B(2018全国卷)Diets have changed in Chinaand so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country _61_ (grow)more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 ye

9、ars, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _64_ (improve) water quality. Corn

10、 uses less water _65_ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased _66_ (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe) fertilizer consumpti

11、on. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _68_ (start) a soiltesting program_69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmersand 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.

12、 Chinas approach to protecting its environment while _70_ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the banks Juergen Voegele.本文是一篇说明文。全文讲述了中国为保护环境对农作物的种植做了一些调整。61since后接时间点，句子要用现在完成时。故应填has_grown。62此处特指在过去的25年里。故应填the。63此处用副词修饰be动词is。故应填actual

13、ly。64句意：为了改善水质，政府鼓励农民种植玉米，而不是水稻。此处用不定式表示目的。故应填to_improve。65根据关键词less可知，应填用于两个事物进行比较的连词。故应填than。66谓语动词has decreased后接名词作宾语，故应填pollution。67fertilizer consumption是名词短语，应该用形容词修饰。故应填global。68根据句中的2005和语境可知，此处描述的是过去的行为，时态应用一般过去时。故应填started。69此处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词program，关系词在从句中作主语成分。故应填that/which。70空格处表示正在进行的动

14、作，while后面省略了China_is，在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略主语和be动词。故填feeding。C(2017全国卷)She looks like any other schoolgirl, freshfaced and full of life.Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course. But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah i

15、s not spending halfterm _61_ (rest). Instead, she is earning 6,500 a day as _62_ model in New York.Sarah _63_ (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model fulltime. But Sarah, _64_ has taken p

16、art in shows along with top models, wants _65_ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her _66_ (educate)She has turned down several _67_ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model

17、 fulltime before going to university to get a degree _68_ engineering or architecture.Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school _69_ (come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is _70_ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don

18、t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model any more.”本文是一篇记叙文。Sarah Thomas不仅是一名学生，还是一位很有潜力的年轻模特，做模特能挣很多钱，所以她的父亲建议她放弃学业，专门从事模特行业，但是她认为自己应该以学业为重，因为她将来不想成为一个在不能当模特时什么也不会做的人。61spend time (in)_doing sth. “花时间做某事”，为固定用法。故应填resting。62分析语境可知，Sarah在纽约当了一名模特。model是可数名词，在此处表示泛指，且读音以辅音音素开头，所以

19、要用不定冠词a。63根据语境可知，有人已经告诉/告诉过Sarah，她能成为英国新的超模，故可以用现在完成时或一般过去时；又因主语Sarah与tell之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故应填has_been_told或was_told。64空格处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词代替先行词Sarah在从句中作主语成分，且指人，故应用who来引导从句。65want to_do sth. “想要做某事”，为固定搭配。故应填to_prove。66形容词性物主代词her应该用来修饰名词，故应填education。67several “几个”，故其后的名词要用复数形式。故应填invitations。68关于某个专

20、业的学位要用介词in。69此处为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时；又因主语为school，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故应填comes。70此处应该用副词来修饰fun, 故应填certainly。第1讲有提示词类先看所给词的词性 再考虑基本用法和词性转换(一)提示词为动词考点考查谓语动词1(2019全国卷)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _66_ (make) over the years.解析have made考查动词的时态。根据空格后的时间状语over the years可知，句子要用现在完成时。2

21、(2018全国卷)True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal _69_ (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying .解析meant考查动词的时态。句中缺少谓语动词，根据下文时态可知答案。3(2017全国卷)When fat and salt _64_ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.解析are removed考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句所在的时间状语从句中没有

22、谓语动词，又根据语境可知应用一般现在时，主语fat and salt为复数且与remove为被动关系。若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。考点考查非谓语动词1(2019全国卷)A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _61_ (be) Britains oldest fulltime employee.解析beingfor为介词，介词后应接动名词形式。2(2018全国卷)You dont have to run

23、 fast or for long _62_ (see) the benefit.解析to see句中已有谓语部分dont have to run且无连词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，根据语境可知此处为目的状语，故应填动词不定式。3(2017全国卷)They (fat and salt) are required _63_ (process) the food that we eat.解析to process句中已经有谓语动词are required，故设空处应填非谓语动词，require . to do sth.“需要某物做某事”，这里是它的被动结构。所以填动词不定式to process作主语

24、补足语。若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.ing形式表示主动、进行；v.ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。考点考查词性转换1(2019全国卷)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _66_ (compete) to watch.解析competition根据空格前的冠词形容词an interesting可知，此处应填所给词的名词形式competition。2(

25、2017全国卷)However, be _69_ (care) not to go to extremes.解析carefulbe之后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。3(2016全国卷)But for tourists like me, pandas are its top _61_ (attract)解析attraction前有形容词性物主代词和形容词修饰，应填名词。attraction “吸引人的事物”。当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定

26、其词性便可做出正确的转换。(二)提示词为名词或代词考点考查代词、名词的数与格1(2019北京高考)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various _6_ (activity) on Earth Day.解析activities考查名词。根据修饰语various 可知用名词复数，指各种各样的活动。2(2016四川高考)By that time, the panda no longer needed _68_ (it) mother for food.解析its所给代词用来修饰其后的名词mother，

27、应用其形容词性物主代词形式its，表示“它的母亲”。所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“的”。所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“的”。考点考查名词的词性转换、代词的反身代词1(2019北京高考)I know I will whisper to _3_ (I) the two simple words

28、 “Be yourself”解析myselfwhisper to sb. “低声对某人说”，此处指代主语I，故用反身代词myself。2(2018全国卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surface, do exercises to _68_ (strength) your leg muscles, avoid hills and get good running shoes.解析strengthen此处不定式短语作目的状语，故应填strength的动词形式strengthen。3(2017全国卷)The Central London Rail

29、way was one of the most _70_ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.解析successful“one of形容词最高级可数名词复数”表示“最的之一”，所以填所给词的形容词形式。所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。(三)提示词为形容词或副词考点考查形容词或副词的比较等级1(2018全国卷)According to a review of evidence in a medical jo

30、urnal, runners live three years _61_ (long) than nonrunners.解析longer由设空后的than可知应用比较级形式，表示“比活得长”。2(2018全国卷)He screams the _63_ (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.解析loudest根据空前的the及空后的of all可知，应填副词loud的最高级loudest。3(2017全国卷)Even _66_ (bad), the a

31、mount of fast food that people eat goes up.解析worse根据语意及空前的even可知此处表示程度的加深，意为“更为糟糕的是”，故应填其比较级。当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。考点考查形容词的词性转换1(2019全国卷)Her years of hard work have _63_ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her

32、to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.解析finally修饰动词acknowledge应用副词形式。2(2016全国卷)The title will be _63_ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.解析officially修饰动词应用所给词的副词形式。3(2015全国卷)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _43_ (able) to “air condition” a

33、 house without using electric equipment.解析ability根据空前的形容词性物主代词their可知，后面应填所给词的名词形式。当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。过关检测(限时：20分钟)(2019吉林长春高三四模)No matter where you are, humans are constantly measuring and checking time. Some of us are good at itpla

34、nning and doing things ahead of time, _1_ others are always trying to beat the clock and do things at the eleventh hour.Tardiness (拖拉) can be serious. If you _2_ (be) one minute late for work, would you resign? It may sound extreme, but that is exactly _3_ occurred in the UK upper chamber of parliam

35、ent, the House of Lords, in January 2018. International development minister Lord Bates arrived one minute late, and, as a result, was unable to answer a _4_ (schedule) question. Instead of trying _5_ (make) up for lost time, as many might do, he resigned on _6_ spot. He apologized for his discourte

36、sy (无礼) and stated that he was ashamed. His resignation, though, _7_ (reject) by the UK prime minister.So, how late is too late? Many cultures take punctuality very seriously. In contrast, others seem to view tardiness _8_ just the normal way of things. What is considered acceptable is based on cult

37、ure. That is, if you dont mind waiting, it might be best to attend your _9_ (appoint) in good time. And if the worst comes to the worst, remember the old English proverb, “_10_ (well) late than never.”1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了不同文化中人们对迟到的不同看法。1while考查连词。该空的前一句说“我们中的一些人擅长提前计划和做

38、事情”，后一句说“其他的人总是试图在最后一刻赶时间，做事情”，两句话之间存在转折和对照关系，所以这里应该填转折连词while。2were考查动词的虚拟语气。本句是if引导的非真实条件句。句意：如果你上班迟到一分钟，你会辞职吗？此句是对将来情况的一种假设。所以采用“if主语动词过去式”的结构表虚拟，be动词用were。3what考查名词性从句的连接词。本句是表语从句，设空处在从句中作主语，语义为“所的事情”，所以用what。4scheduled考查由过去分词转化来的形容词。在冠词a和名词question之间应该用形容词，所以把schedule变成由过去分词转化来的形容词scheduled “预定

39、的”。5to make考查非谓语动词。此处表述“试图做某事”，所以用固定搭配try to do sth.，故填to make。6the考查冠词。固定短语on the spot “在现场”。句意：他并没有像许多人那样，试图弥补失去的时间，而是当场辞职。所以这里填冠词the。7was rejected考查动词的时态和语态。此处描述过去发生的动作，且表述“被拒绝”，故用一般过去时的被动语态。8as考查介词。固定搭配view . as . “把看作”。句意：相比之下，其他人似乎认为迟到是正常的事情。所以这里填as。9appointment(s)考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该跟名词。句意：如果你

40、不介意等待的话，你可以在合适的时间去参加你的约会。所以这里填appointment(s)。10Better考查形容词比较级。英语谚语“Better late than never”迟做总比不做好。所以这里应该填Better。(2019广东惠州惠东中学高三月考)Have you ever been to London? Which famous sites did you visit? Or, if it is the first time that you_1_ (be) there, which one will you check out?Some world famous _2_ (cu

41、lture) sites may already be on your list: Buckingham Palace, Big Ben and the London Tower. However, a tour of London would be incomplete _3_ checking out the London art scene. As a guidebook Londons Secrets: Museums & Galleries put it, Londons art is a lot like _4_ city itself“diverse, vast, and in

42、a constant state of changes. From old masters to street art and everything in between, London has it all.”In fact, according to The Telegraph, museums and galleries were the most _5_ (visit) attractions in Britain last year. The British Museum, _6_ celebrated its 225th anniversary this year, had the

43、 most visitors, at 6,701,036.According to The Art Newspaper, the British Museums increased _7_ (popular) is down to its exhibitions, particularly its Life and Death in Pompeii and Herculaneum show.There are more than 7 million artifacts (文物) in the British Museum. Not all of them are on display, but

44、 much of the collection _8_ (constant) rotates (轮换), so youll see something new with each visit. So, _9_ youre an art lover or just looking for a fun time, youre sure _10_ (find) inspiration in London.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章作者说明了如果没有去伦敦的艺术现场，那么伦敦之旅将会变得不完整，并且作者对伦敦博物馆和美术馆进行了介绍。1ha

45、ve been考查固定句型。This/That/It is/wasthe序数词名词that引导的从句(从句中的时态要用完成时态；如前为is，则用现在完成时，如为was则用过去完成时)，所以填have been。2cultural考查词性转换。修饰名词sites，用形容词，所以填cultural。3without考查介词。然而，如果没有去伦敦的艺术现场，那么伦敦之旅将会变得不完整。表示“没有”，所以填without。4the考查冠词。伦敦的艺术非常像这座城市本身。特指“这座城市”，所以用定冠词the。5visited考查非谓语动词。“attractions”和“visit”之间是被动关系，所以用

46、过去分词作定语，填visited。6which考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词The British Museum进行补充说明，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词指物，所以填which。7popularity考查词性转换。作句子主语，用名词，所以填popularity。8constantly考查词性转换。修饰动词rotates，用副词，所以填constantly。9whether考查固定用法。句意：所以无论你是一名艺术爱好者还是出于娱乐目的而观赏，你一定会在伦敦找到灵感。whether . or . “是还是，不管/无论还是”，是固定用法，所以填whether。10to f

47、ind考查固定句型。be sure to do “一定做某事；确定做某事”，是固定句型，所以填to find。强化特训1语法填空(一)(限时：40分钟)1(2019安徽合肥二次质检)Xuan paper, known as one of the Four Treasures of Study, first came into _1_ (exist) in Xuan Prefecture in the Tang Dynasty. The traditional skill of making the paper _2_ hand has been passed down through gene

48、rations. The process takes as many as 108 steps, all of _3_ require a level of delicacy.Take papermaking master Zhou Donghong for example. He uses a fine screen to filter (过滤) a mixture of water and fibers. He lifts it up, and its a sheet of paper. It takes him and his partner only 15 seconds _4_ (f

49、orm) and shape it, but theyve devoted _5_ (they) to perfecting the skills for decades.“There are a lot of tricks of filtering the fibers, and timing is _6_ (difficult) part of all. We have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers, and only the proper weight guarantees the paper is neithe

50、r too thin nor too thick, and the margin (差额) for error is _7_ (extreme) small，” said Zhou. With just the right degree of thickness, top quality Xuan paper holds ink and water tightly.The skill of papermaking, _8_ (recognize) as a national treasure, has also proven to be an international one. We fel

51、t _9_ great sense of pride as it was listed as a world intangible culture heritage (非物质文化遗产) by UNESCO in 2009. Since then, in Jingxian County, Xuan papermaking _10_ (teach) in schools.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。2009年，联合国教科文组织将宣纸传统制作工艺列为世界非物质文化遗产。本文介绍了宣纸的历史。1existence考查名词。come into ex

52、istence为固定搭配，意为“开始存在”，故答案为existence。2by考查介词。by hand “用手，手工”，故答案为by。3which考查定语从句的引导词。代替指物的先行词steps，作介词of的宾语，用which。句意：这个过程需要多达108个步骤，所有这些步骤都需要一定程度的谨慎。4to form考查非谓语动词。It takes sb. some time to do sth.为固定句式，意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”，其中，it为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。5themselves考查反身代词。devote oneself to “献身于，致力于”，故答案为themselve

53、s。6the most difficult考查形容词的最高级。根据of all可知，此处用形容词的最高级，故答案为the most difficult。7extremely考查词性转换。修饰形容词small用副词形式，故答案为extremely。8recognized考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处作定语，修饰The skill of papermaking，且表被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故答案为recognized。9a考查冠词。a sense of . “一种感”。句意：2009年，联合国教科文组织将其列为世界非物质文化遗产，我们感到非常自豪。故答案为a。10has been ta

54、ught考查动词的时态和语态。提示词为动词，句中缺少谓语动词；Since then是现在完成时的标志。宣纸的制作(Xuan papermaking)和teach之间是被动关系，所以句子用现在完成时的被动语态。2(2019贵州黔东南州二模)In the long history of China, many things are more _1_ (advance) than the rest of the world and liquor (酒) is one of them. In China, liquor brewed (酿造) from cereal grain has always

55、been in the dominant position and liquor brewed from fruits accounts _2_ a small proportion only. Therefore, to explore the origin of liquor is _3_ (main) to explore the origin of liquor brewed from cereal grain.The history of liquor _4_ (date) back to the Shanggu period. In Shiji Yinbenji (Historic

56、al Records), there were some records about liquor: “King Zhou made a liquor pool and _5_ (hang) meat like a forest, drinking all night long.” In Shi Jing (The Book of Songs), there were some poems about liquor: “October is the time _6_ (harvest) the grain to make liquor and people use the liquor to

57、celebrate the longevity of _7_ senior.” Those records indicated that liquor had a history of at least five thousand years.According to some archaeological evidence, there were dedicated liquor tools among the Neolithic (新石器时代) potteries unearthed in modern times, _8_ showed that liquor brewing was r

58、ather popular in primitive society. After the Xia and Shang _9_ (dynasty), there were more and more liquordrinking vessels, _10_ (indicate) that liquor drinking was prevalent (盛行的) at that time.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._1advanced考查词性转换。在系动词后作表语，用形容词形式。advanced意为“先进的”。句意：在中国的历史长河中，有很多事情比其他国家先进，其中就包

59、括酿酒。2for考查介词。account for意为“占”。这里表示水果酿的酒只占一小部分。3mainly考查词性转换。修饰is，作状语，用副词形式mainly。此处表示探索酒的起源主要是探索谷物酿酒的起源。4dates考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处表示酒的历史可以追溯到上古时期。此处为客观介绍，用一般现在时；又因主语the history of liquor表示单数概念，所以用dates。5hung考查动词的时态。and连接并列谓语，和前面的made并列，故用hang的过去式hung。6to harvest考查非谓语动词。表示“做某事的时间”，用动词不定式作定语。这里表达的意思是：10月是个

60、收获的季节。7the考查冠词。此处表示庆祝长者的长寿，“the形容词”表示一类人，年长者用the senior。8which考查定语从句的引导词。指代前面的整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。9dynasties考查名词。此处表示夏商(the Xia and Shang)之后，夏朝和商朝是两个朝代，所以用复数。10indicating考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词，逗号前是一个完整的句子，所以设空处用非谓语动词；indicate的逻辑主语为“more and more liquordrinking vessels”，所以用现在分词作状语，表主动。3(2019安徽

61、皖江名校联盟联考)In todays world of mobile payments, all we really need _1_ (survive) is a smartphone. But one company is hoping to make traditional wallets cool again, by _2_ (bring) them into the digital age.American firm Voltermans smart wallet takes security to a new level. Its fitted with different tec

62、hnologies, such as _3_ alarm, GPS tracker, and even a camera. If your phone and wallet become separated, the alarm will warn you _4_ you dont leave it behind. And if your wallet _5_ (lose) or stolen, the GPS tracker can help you reach it.Even _6_ (interesting) is the frontfacing camera. “If someone

63、dares to open your wallet _7_ permission, a little camera inside _8_ (take) a picture and send it to your mobile phone. You will find it _9_ (easy) by receiving a picture of the thief，” Azat Tovmasyan, Voltermans founder, told news site Banks. am.The hightech wallet will be released later this year

64、and will come in three _10_ (model), with the cheapest expected to cost $ 179.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。在今天移动支付的世界里，我们真正需要的东西是手机，但是有一个公司希望通过加入警报、定位系统、摄像头来使传统的钱包重新受欢迎。1to survive考查非谓语动词。need to do是固定搭配，表示“需要做某事”，故填to survive。2bringing考查非谓语动词。介词后用动名词形式，故填bringing。3an考查冠词。alarm意为“警报器”，为

65、可数名词，在其前加不定冠词表示泛指；又因为alarm的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。4so考查连词。根据“the alarm will warn you”可知，警报器会提醒你，因此你不会丢失东西。前后是因果关系。故填so。5is lost考查动词的时态和语态。钱包被丢失是be lost，又因通篇是一般现在时，故填is lost。6more interesting考查形容词的比较级。句意：更让人感兴趣的是前置摄像头。even修饰形容词比较级，故填more interesting。7without考查介词。句意：如果有人敢未经允许打开你的钱包，一个小的内置摄像头会拍摄照片并将其发送到你的手机上。w

66、ithout permission “未经允许”。故填without。8will take考查动词的时态。if从句用现在时，主句用一般将来时。故填will take。9easily考查词性转换。修饰动词用副词形式，故填easily。10models考查名词。three修饰名词复数，故填models。4(2019东北三校第二次联合模拟)People today take lots of photos. Some photographs are really memorable. They either capture important events, such as birthday part

67、ies or weddings, _1_ show beautiful places. Years later, people may look at these special photos to remember _2_ past.However, how did people record important moments without cameras long ago? Some people told _3_ (story) about old times, and others wrote down _4_ they remembered. There were also a

68、lot of people _5_ (make) special drawings to help them recall important moments. Among those people were Native Americans of the Lakota tribe.Every year, Lakota leaders decided which event was most important. A Lakota _6_ (art) was then asked to draw a special picture of that event. Because each yea

69、rs picture was decided on during the winter, the drawings became _7_ (know) as winter counts.For a long time, winter counts were drawn on animal skins. Later, the drawings _8_ (do) on paper. The pictures told the history of the tribe. Each year, the newest winter count was added _9_ the Lakota colle

70、ction of pictures from _10_ (early) times. That helped people keep track of the years. Today, winter counts are important records of the Lakotas past.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。今天的人们拍很多的照片来记录令人难忘的时刻。那以前没有相机的日子人们如何来记录重要时刻呢？1or考查连词。照片或者记录重大时刻或者展现美丽风光。短语either . or . 表示“或者或者”。故填or。2the考查

71、冠词。照片可以使人记起过去。表示特指，用定冠词。故填the。3stories考查名词。空格前没有限定词，且story为可数名词，故用名词的复数形式。故填stories。4what考查宾语从句的连接词。介词后是宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，故填what。5making考查非谓语动词。句子有谓语动词were，故设空处用非谓语动词，people和make之间是主动关系。故填making。6artist考查名词。艺术家作画，故用artist。7known考查固定用法。become known as “以而闻名”。8were done考查动词的时态和语态。描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时；drawings与

72、do之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。9to考查介词。add to表示“增加到”，故填介词to。10earlier考查形容词的比较级。此处表示“更早以前的画作”，所以填earlier。5(2019太原市高三年级阶段性测评)In the past few years, more than half of bookstores in China have closed down, _1_ is the result of the _2_(compete) with online bookstores. But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore, one of the

73、_3_ (big) privatelyowned bookstore chains in China, may serve _4_ a great example._5_ (found) in 1993, Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability. Now, it not only devotes itself to _6_ (sell) books, but combines the functions of the bookstore, cafe and t

74、he sale of _7_ (create) cultural products. Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books, and it also _8_ (able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee. In return, bookstores have impr

75、oved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so _9_ is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.So far, the government _10_ (offer) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores. Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but defini

76、tely, we see the turning point in them. 1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国实体书店的现状及西西弗书店的发展历程。1which考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，所以用which引导该从句。2competition考查词性转换。根据语境以及空格前的定冠词“the”可知，此处应用compete的名词形式competition，表示“竞争”。3biggest考查形容词的最高级。根据空格前的“one of the”和空格后的“bookstore

77、 chains in China”及语境可推知，此处应用big的最高级形式。4as考查固定用法。serve as “可用作”为固定用法，此处表示西西弗书店是一个很好的例子。5Founded考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语Sisyphe与found之间为被动关系，故用其过去分词形式作状语。6selling考查非谓语动词。devote oneself to sth. “致力于某事”，其中的to为介词，介词后面应接动名词形式，故填selling。7creative考查词性转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用creative “创造性的”。8enables考查词性转换。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处需要谓语动词；根据上文中的“opens”可知，此处应用一般现在时，且空格前的主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以填enables。9it考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处动词不定式为真正的主语，故用代词it作形式主语。10has offered考查动词的时态和语态。so far为现在完成时的时间标志，且根据语境可知，主语the government与offer之间为主动关系，所以此处填has offered。