2021-2022新教材外研版英语选择性必修第二册学案：UNIT 6 SURVIVAL SECTION Ⅲ DEVELOPING IDEAS WORD版含答案.doc

1、Section Developing ideasPlan B：Life on Mars？In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was 1that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles, just at the push of a button.Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the great

2、est risk to life on Earth.Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy.But they are also preparing for the worst：what can we do if the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life? What is our Plan

3、B for Earth?1that引导表语从句。One option is 2to explore other planets to see if we could live on them.The most likely choice is Mars, 3which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets.Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in

4、 Martian exploration is greater than ever before.Films such as The Martian enjoy worldwide popularity.More governments and organisations are making efforts to educate the public on the Red Planet, for example, the Mars Desert Research Station in the Utah desert of the US and the Mars Village in Nort

5、hwest Chinas Qinghai Province.2动词不定式短语to explore other planets作表语；动词不定式短语to see if we could live on them作目的状语；if引导宾语从句。3which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Mars。Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars.Our probes have orbited the planet, 4sending back valuable data and stunning images.Our r

6、obots have explored the Martian surface, 5testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life.6Encouraged by discoveries over the years, space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars 7that could take place within the next 25 years.4现在分词短语作状语。5现在分词短语作伴随状语。

7、6过去分词短语作原因状语。7that引导定语从句，修饰名词missions。There is no doubt 8that humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home.However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race.9While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take month

8、s to reach Mars, 10travelling through dangerous solar radiation.11And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth ever.Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but as proved by the Biosphere 2 experiment, not impossible.As early as the 1980s, scientists w

9、ere building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert.It consisted of a closed space 12in which people, animals and plants could live together.The “closed” concept meant that the space was designed to function with its own oxygen, food and water, needing nothing from the outside world.Although the twoyear

10、experiment was not a success, it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet.More recently, scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars.That definitely is a big step forward.8that引导同位语从句，对名词do

11、ubt作进一步解释。9While意为“而，然而”，表示对比。10现在分词短语作伴随状语。11even if引导让步状语从句，even if意为“即使，尽管”；do强调谓语动词reach。12in which引导定语从句，修饰名词space。For now, human settlement of Mars is still decades away.In the meantime， scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer.This change is being caused by human acti

12、vity and is having a terrible effect on the biosphere.Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take much better care of our own.Right now, its the only one we have！Mars n火星advanced adj.高级的；先进的wipe v擦，拭，揩wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭nuclear adj.核武器的nuclear missile核导弹at the push of a button按

13、一下按钮renewable energy可再生能源terrifying adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的relatively adv.相对地hostile adj.(生长环境)恶劣的fascinate v深深吸引，迷住making efforts努力unmanned adj.无人驾驶(操纵)的spacecraft n航天器，宇宙飞船orbit v环绕运行stunning adj.极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的search for搜索，搜寻sign n迹象，征兆agency n机构；(尤指政府内的)局，部，处draw v吸引，使感兴趣solar radiation太阳辐射biosphere n生物圈co

14、nsist v由组成consist of由构成，由组成function v起作用，正常工作，运转be similar to与类似settlement n移民；殖民；开拓in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时have an effect on对有影响参考译文B计划：在火星上生活？在20世纪60、70年代，最大的恐惧是，只需按下一个按钮，人类甚至可能是地球上所有的高级生命体就可能被核导弹彻底毀灭。然而今天，环境问题已经变成地球上的生命面临的最大威胁。科学家们正在思考降低这一风险的方法，例如用各种可再生能源替代煤炭和石油。但他们也在做最坏的打算：如果后天等电影中的恐怖场景发生在现实生活中

15、，我们该怎么办？对地球，我们的B计划是什么？一种选择是探索其他星球，看看我们能否在上面生活。最有可能的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境不像其他行星那么恶劣。火星自古以来就吸引着人们，我们现在对探索火星的兴趣比以往任何时候都更浓厚。像火星救援这样的电影在全世界都很受欢迎。越来越多的政府和组织正在努力对公众进行有关“红色星球”的教育，例如美国犹他州的火星沙漠研究站和中国西北部青海省的火星村。自20世纪60年代以来，我们一直在向火星发射无人飞船。我们的探测器已经绕火星轨道运行，并发回了宝贵的数据和令人惊叹的图像。我们的机器人已经探索了火星表面，测试了土壤并且在寻找资源、水和生命的迹象。受到多年来这

16、些发现的鼓舞，各国航天机构正计划在未来25年内进行载人飞船登陆火星的任务。毫无疑问，人类被火星所吸引，梦想着把它作为我们的第二家园。然而，把人类送上火星将要求人类具备所有的技能、勇气和智慧。到达月球只需要几天的时间，而到达火星却需要数月的时间，并且其间要经历危险的太阳辐射。而且即使第一批开拓者安全抵达火星，他们可能永远无法再回到地球。活着将会成为一个日常挑战，但正如“生物圈2号”实验所证明的，这也并非完全不可能。早在20世纪80年代，科学家们就在亚利桑那州的沙漠中建造了“生物圏2号”。它包括一个封闭的空间，人、动物和植物可以生活在一起。“封闭”的概念意味着这个空间被设计成依靠自身的氧气、食物和

17、水来运作，而不需要外界的任何东西。尽管为期两年的实验并不成功，但它确实让我们更好地了解了人类如何能够在另一个星球上生活。最近，科学家们成功地在类似火星的环境中种植了各种各样的植物。这无疑是向前迈出的一大步。到目前为止，人类要在火星上定居还需要几十年的时间。同时，科学研究表明地球正在变暖。这种变化是由人类活动引起的，而且对生物圈产生了严重的影响。在我们最终能够生活在另一个星球上之前，我们需要更好地保护好我们自己的星球。现在，它是我们唯一一个赖以生存的星球！Step One：PrereadingWhat do you know about the Mars? Discuss in groups a

18、nd write the information you know.Mars is the second smallest planet in the solar system.Its surface is covered with rocks and the average temperature on Mars is 63.Step Two：Whilereading .Read for the main ideaRead the passage quickly and choose the best answer.The text mainly tells us that .Ahumans

19、 saved MarsBhumans reached MarsChumans have settled on MarsDhumans are trying to explore Mars答案：D.Read for detailsRead the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1In the 1960s and 1970s，what was the greatest fear?ANuclear missiles.BAll advanced life forms.CHuman race themselves.DEnvironmental

20、 problems.2Why is Mars so attractive to scientists?AIt has fascinated humans recently.BIt has a more hostile environment.CIts relatively close to the earth.DBecause of some films.3Human robots have done some tasks except .Asearching for waterBorbiting the planetCtesting the soil on the MarsDexplorin

21、g the Martian surface4How long would it take to reach Mars?AA few days.BA few weeks.CA few months.DA few years.5Right now, what should we humans do to live safely?ATo protect our earth.BTo take care of ourselves.CTo move to another planet.DTo continue our human activity.答案：15ACBCAStep Three：Postread

22、ing 阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Today, environmental problems have become the 1.greatest (great) risk to life on Earth.Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, but they are also preparing 2.for the worst.One option is 3.to explore (explore) other planets to see if we could live on th

23、em.The most likely choice is Mars, which is 4.relatively (relative) close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets.Mars 5.has fascinated (fascinate) people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before.Since 6.the 1960s,

24、 we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars.7Encouraged (encourage) by discoveries over the years, space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years.There is no doubt 8.that humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of ma

25、king it our second home.However, 9.sending (send) people there will require all the skill, courage and 10.intelligence (intelligent) of the human race.For now, human settlement of Mars is still decades away.Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take much better care of our

26、own.重点单词1eliminate poverty 消除贫困2a brave firefighter 一名勇敢的消防员3orbit the sun 围绕太阳运行4energy consumption 能源消耗5solid fuel 固体燃料6nuclear weapons 核武器7stay indoors 待在室内8infer from his words 从他的话中推断9a monthly meeting 每月一次的会议10an unmanned spacecraft 一艘无人驾驶的宇宙飞船11He is optimistic about life and all of us are im

27、pressed by his optimism.(optimist) 12He reacted badly against the boss decision, whose reaction was also reacting upon his colleagues.(react)13They were terrified at the terrifying news that all the passengers on the bus were killed.(terrify)14Determined to learn the advanced technology abroad, he h

28、as made advance preparations and applied for a passport in advance.He believes he will make great advances in this field and be far in advance of his classmates.(advance)以un开头的形容词集锦uncertain不确定的unstable 不稳定的unwilling 不愿意的unsuitable 不合适的unkind 不友善的unreasonable 不合理的，荒唐的 .重点短语1It took the firefighters

29、four hours to bring the fire under control (使火势处于控制之下)2His teaching style is similar to (与类似) that of most other teachers.3It is difficult to get rid of (摆脱) deeprooted habits.4The electronic machines allow you to pay at the push of a button (按一下按钮)5The committee consists of (由组成) six members, four

30、of whom are female.6New roads are being built to cope with (应付) the increased volume of traffic.7A nuclear weapon may wipe out (彻底摧毁) the whole country.8The country was urgently calling for peace while in the meantime (与此同时) secretly doing nuclear tests.典型句式1教材原句One option is to explore other planet

31、s to see if we could live on them.句式分析动词不定式短语作表语佳句仿写Her sole object in life is to become a travel writer.她人生的唯一目标就是成为一名游记作家。2教材原句The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets.句式分析替代词佳句仿写A dogs intelligence is much gr

32、eater than that of a cat.狗的智慧比猫的高得多。3教材原句There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home.句式分析There is no doubt that .佳句仿写There is no doubt that her marriage is beyond repair.毫无疑问，她的婚姻无法挽救。1advanced adj.高级的；先进的(教材P68)In the 1960s and 1970s, the greates

33、t fear was that the human race, and possibly all advanced life forms on the planet, could be wiped out by nuclear missiles, just at the push of a button.在20世纪60、70年代，最大的恐惧是，只需按下一个按钮，人类甚至可能是地球上所有的高级生命体就可能被核导弹彻底毀灭。advance n进步，进展v. 前进；促进adj. 预先的，在前的make an advance/advances in 在某方面有进步/发展in advance (ahea

34、d of time) 提前in advance of 在之前；比进步(经典佳句)Our struggle and labor is to constantly put the advanced ideals into realities.我们的斗争和劳动就是为了不断地把先进的理想变为现实。练透单句语法填空We should apply advanced (advance) experience according to local conditions and shouldnt apply it mechanically.We can surely make advances (advance

35、) in both knowledge and ability from social practice.I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here, you would be fined.I had asked everyone to submit questions in advance of the meeting.写美完成句子Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication.多亏了先进的技术，我们生活在一

36、个通讯较为发达的时代。2consist v由组成(教材P69)It consisted of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together.它包括一个封闭的空间，人、动物和植物可以生活在一起。(1)consist ofbe composed ofbe made up of由构成，由组成(表示整体由部分构成)(2)consist in 在于，存在于(3)consist with 与一致，与相吻合(经典佳句)Morality may consist solely in the courage of ma

37、king a choice.品德可能仅仅在于有勇气作出抉择。练透单句语法填空Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting (consist) of heat detectors and smoke detectors.The beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colors.As far as I know, he is a man whose actions do not consist with his promises.写美一句多译英国由

38、英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。The UK consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.The UK is composed of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.The UK is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.名师指津consist of 一般不用于进行时，也不用于被动语态；其非谓语动词应用现在分词形式。3expose v使暴露(于险境)；揭露，使曝光；使接触，使体验(

39、教材P70) .we can infer that the Moon is less exposed to dangerous radiation than Mars.我们可以推断，月球比火星暴露在危险的辐射下要少。(1)expose .to .把暴露在，使接触expose oneself to . 接触；使自己暴露于(2)exposed adj. 无遮蔽的；无保护的be exposed to 接触；暴露于(3)exposure n. 暴露(经典佳句)If you expose your skin to the sun too long, you will get sunburnt.如果你把皮

40、肤暴露在阳光下太久，你会被晒伤的。练透单句语法填空Take care not to keep your children exposed (expose) to the bad books, net and magazines.The kids should expose themselves (they) to as much art and culture as possible.Long exposure (expose) to noisy surroundings may result in some physical and mental problems.写美完成句子We want

41、 to expose the children to traditional Chinese culture as much as possible.我们想让孩子们尽可能多地接触中国传统文化。句型公式：替代词(教材P68)The most likely choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets.最有可能的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境不像其他行星那么恶劣。替代词that, those, it, one, o

42、nes的区别：(1)that表特指，代替上文出现的同类的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the单数名词”。(2)those表特指，代替上文出现的复数名词，相当于“the复数名词”。(3)it表特指，用来指代上文提到的同一个事物，可替代单数名词或不可数名词。(4) one表泛指，代替上文出现的同类的单数可数名词，相当于“a/an单数名词”。代替复数名词时使用ones。(经典佳句)Theres no greater happiness than that of succeeding in ones career.最大的快乐莫过于事业上的成功。练透选词填空：that, those, it, one

43、, onesI cant find my hat.I think I must buy one.My uncle gave me a pen.I like it very much.The computers in your office are more expensive than those in our school.In many ways, the education system in the US is very different from that in the UK.I want to buy some apples, the ones that look fresh.写

44、美完成句子The weather in Beijing is much cooler than that in Nanjing in summer.夏季，北京的天气比南京的天气凉爽得多。维度一品句填词1The firefighter (消防队员) ran into the burning house at all risks to save the child.2Local residents said it was as if there had been a nuclear (核武器的) explosion.3If a machine is unmanned (无人操纵的), it doe

45、s not have or need a person to control or operate it.4If it rained tomorrow, the sports would take place indoors (在室内)5Manufacturing industry was seriously affected by the fuel (燃料) shortage.6Our government is taking measures to eliminate (消除) the gap between the rich and the poor.7Many people are n

46、ow having trouble making their monthly (每月一次的) house rent.8In 1957 the Soviet Union launched the first satellite to orbit (环绕运行) the earth.9We can infer the meanings of most words in the context.10The trunk of a tree is the large main stem from which the branches grow.维度二词形转换1It was terrifying (terr

47、ify) to find myself surrounded by large numbers of dogs.2I wont tell you his reaction (react) Ill leave that to your imagination.3Future agriculture should depend on advanced (advance) technology as well as traditional methods.4According to the research, gas and oil consumption (consume) always incr

48、eases in cold weather.5All the judges were moved by the optimism (optimistic) of the disabled player.6Exposure (expose) to lead is known to damage the brains of young children.7No matter when and how the invaders come, they will be wiped (wipe) out thoroughly.8The room is dusty (dust) so you have to

49、 clean it carefully before moving in.维度三固定搭配和句式1We have taken on extra staff to cope with (应付) the increased workload.2We must carry out measures to bring the situation under control (使情况处于控制之下)3It is difficult for him to get rid of (摆脱) his bad habits.4The committee consists of (由组成) representatives from both the public and private sectors.5There is no doubt that (毫无疑问) China has made tremendous progress.6The purpose of the charity is to help the homeless people (帮助无家可归的人们)11