2021高考英语一轮统考复习Book3Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries课时作业含解析外研版.doc

1、Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries.阅读理解A(2019全国卷)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beachs Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her ebook as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtels “me” time. And like more Americans, shes not alone.A new

2、 report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out.

3、 Alone, but together, you know？” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.

4、She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself，” she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a firstname basis

5、 if he wants to have a little interaction (交流). “I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week，” he said. “Its a chance for selfreflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when peo

6、ple may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the repor

7、t.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在的美国人多数喜欢独自一人吃饭，他们喜欢这种独处带来的自由。1What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?AFood variety. BEating habits.CTable manners. DRestaurant service.答案：B推理判断题。根据第二段中的大部分人独自吃早饭或午饭，一起吃晚饭的数据可知，这是对美国人的饮食习惯进行了调查，故答案为B。2Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?ATo meet with her coworke

8、rs.BTo catch up with her work.CTo have some time on her own.DTo collect data for her report.答案：C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Bechtel更喜欢出去吃午饭的原因是想拥有自己的时间，故答案为C。3What do we know about Mazoleny?AHe makes videos for the bar.BHes fond of the food at the bar.CHe interviews customers at the bar.DHes familiar with the

9、 barkeeper.答案：D推理判断题。根据题干中的Mazoleny可定位到第四段第一、二句，其中“be on a firstname basis”的意思是“关系好，可以直呼其名”，由此可知 Mazoleny与酒吧老板很熟，故答案为D。4What is the text mainly about?AThe trend of having meals alone.BThe importance of selfreflection.CThe stress from working overtime.DThe advantage of wireless technology.答案：A主旨大意题。根

10、据第一、三、四段的例子，第二段的数据以及最后一段第一句再次提及的“eat alone”可知，本文主要说了独自用餐已经逐渐成为一种趋势，故答案为A。B(2020辽宁省五校协作体高三上学期联合模拟考试)In a longsleeved shirt and jeans, Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer. The 30yearold owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.“You need more role models

11、，” he said, standing among kneehigh rows of chilli (辣椒) plants. “If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think, Why cant I do that？”Mr Twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friends tomato farm six years ago for $150. He made $1,500 back in two months. “Yo

12、u have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers，” he said.Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fieldsa job made tougher by climate change.But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working t

13、o make agricultures image on the continent more attractive. Some 1,000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own, and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain, the United States, India, and Kenya.Africa has the worlds youngest population and 65 percent

14、of its uncultivated arable land (耕地后备资源). Yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda. She believes A

15、frican agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe. “Show young people tractors, green fields, nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm. For ex

16、ample, in coffee production, the beans go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks (外壳)篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候与农业技术的落后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业。Dieudonne Twahirwa则为非洲青年树立了榜样。5What does “Why cant I do that？” in Paragraph 2 mean?AWhy cant I drive to the farm?B

17、Why cant they farm?CThey follow the example of those farmers.DThey bought a friends tomato farm.答案：C句意理解题。根据第二段中的“If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think, Why cant I do that？”可知，此处表示如果年轻的农民有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想，为什么“我”不能那样做？该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿这些农民的做法。故选C。6Wh

18、at makes it harder for farmers to work?APoor land. BClimate.CLow income. DLong working hours.答案：B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“a job made tougher by climate change”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的原因在于气候变化。故选B。7What can we learn about Twahirwa according to Paragraph 5?AHe made a fortune by growing chillies.BHis chillies are super

19、b in the world.CFarmers working for him live a simple life.DThe locals arent willing to buy his chillies.答案：A推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Some 1,000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，Twahirwa通过种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。8When it comes to agriculture in Africa, what do people thi

20、nk about it?ALoans are difficult.BMost land is uncultivated.CCrop yields are rather low.DFarming methods are out of date.答案：D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可推知，当谈及

21、非洲的农业时，人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。.七选五(2019山东师范大学附中高三第二次模拟考试)Recently, a couple in New Zealand were forbidden from naming their baby son 4Real. Even though New Zealand has quite liberal rules about naming children, names beginning with a number are not allowed. _1_In many countries around the world, unusual

22、names for children are becoming more popular, especially since the increasing trend for celebrities to give their children unusual names. _2_ The only restrictions on parents relate to offensive words such as swear words (脏话)Some parents choose names which come from popular culture. For example, the

23、re have been six boys named Gandalf after the character in The Lord of the Rings novels and films. _3_ Since 1984, 36 children have been called Arsenal after the football team._4_ Jordan, the British model, recently invented the name Tiamii for her daughter by combining the names Thea and Amy (the t

24、wo grandmothers)Other countries have much stricter rules when it comes to naming children. Countries including Japan, Denmark, Spain, Germany and Argentina have an approved list of names from which parents must choose. In China, there are some rules about what you may call a childno foreign letters

25、or symbols are allowed. _5_In Britain, some names which were previously thought of as oldfashioned have become more popular again, such as Maisie or Ella for a girl, or Alfie or Noah for a boy. But the most popular names are not the strange ones. The top names are fairly traditionalJack, Charlie and

26、 Thomas for boys and Grace, Ruby and Jessica for girls.AThe parents finally came up with a plan.BThey decided to call him Superman instead.CNames related to sport are also fairly common.DOther parents like to make up or combine names.EYou can call a child almost anything you like in Britain.FA coupl

27、e were recently banned from calling their baby .GParents there are to blame for naming their child an unusual name.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了各个国家对于父母给孩子起名的一些规定。1B根据空格前的描述可知，尽管新西兰在给孩子起名方面的规定是很宽松的， 但是以数字开头起名是不被允许的。所以那对夫妻不能给孩子起名为4Real，只好用其他符合规定的名字取代，故选B。2E根据空格后的“The only restrictions on parents relate to offe

28、nsive words such as swear words (脏话)”可知，设空处应谈及给孩子起名字非常自由，没有限制。E项(在英国，孩子可以起任何名字。)符合语境，故选E。3C由该段主旨句(第一句)可知，一些父母给孩子起名字是根据流行文化来选取的。结合空格后的例子可推断，设空处应谈及与体育相关的名字，故选C。4D根据空格后这位英国模特起名字的方式并结合关键词“invented” “combining”可知，D项(其他一些父母喜欢编造或者组合名字。)符合语境，故选D。5F设空处上一句表述在中国不允许父母给孩子起名时使用字母或符号。F项承接上述内容，给出例证，故选F。.语法填空(2019湖南

29、省三湘名校教育联盟高三第一次大联考)During an interview, Professor Hawking warned that AI (人工智能) will soon reach a level _1_ it will be a “new form of life that will perform _2_ (well) than humans.” Professor Hawking even went so far as to say that AI may replace humans altogether, _3_ he didnt state exactly a timeli

30、ne for his forecast. He said：“I fear that AI may replace humans altogether. If people design computer viruses, someone will design AI that improves and copies _4_ (it). This will be a new form of life that outperforms humans.”During _5_ interview, Professor Hawking also urged more people to take an

31、interest in science, _6_ (say) that there would be “serious consequence” if this didnt happen. He said that a new space programme should _7_ (develop), adding human may have to turn to other suitable planets for habitation _8_ (eventual). He said：“I believe we have reached the point of no return. Ou

32、r Earth is becoming too small for us, global population is increasing at a _9_ (surprise) rate and we are in danger of selfdestructing.”This isnt the first time that Hawking _10_ (express) fears about the rise of AI. In October last year, he warned that artificial intelligence could develop a will o

33、f its own that is in conflict with that of humanity.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。霍金接受采访时认为人工智能的发展和崛起会对人类造成威胁，因而表示出对人类未来的担忧。1where考查定语从句的引导词。句中“it will be a new form of life that will perform _2_ (well) than humans”是一个定语从句，修饰表示抽象地点的先行词a level，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。2better考查副词的比较级。根据

34、“than humans”可知，这里应该使用副词的比较级，所以填better。3but考查连词。句意：但是，他没有准确地说明他所预测的时间线。表示转折关系，所以填but。4itself考查反身代词。句意：如果有人设计了电脑病毒，有人就会设计能提高和复制它自己的人工智能。此处表示“它自己”，所以填itself。5the考查冠词。特指“这次采访”，用定冠词，所以填the。6saying考查非谓语动词。Professor Hawking和say之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填saying。7be developed考查动词的语态。a new space programme与develop之间

35、是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以填be developed。8eventually考查词性转换。修饰整个句子，应用副词，所以填eventually。9surprising考查词性转换。句意：地球对于我们来说太小了，全球人口以一种令人吃惊的速度增长，我们处于一种自我毁灭的危险中。ed形容词修饰人，ing形容词修饰物，这里修饰rate，所以填surprising。10has expressed考查动词的时态。This is the first (second . ) time that这是一个固定句型，主句使用的是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时，所以填has expressed。.书面表达(202

36、0黄冈市高三质量检测)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom得知今年暑假你去北京旅游了，希望你能介绍你在北京的所见所闻。内容要点如下：1愿意告知。2介绍旅程。3邀请他来中国参观旅游。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语和结尾已为你写好。Dear Tom，Yours sincerely，Li Hua精彩范文Dear_Tom， Hearing that you want to know my journey in Beijing during this summer holiday, Im delighted to introduce it to you in detail

37、. Our first stop was Peking University, which all Chinese students dream of. We admired Unknown Lake and Boya Tower there. The second day, we rushed to Tian anmen Square at 3：00 am. Staring at the flag rising slowly, I felt proud to be a Chinese. In the afternoon, we headed toward the Palace Museum,

38、 which used to be the palace where the Chinese ancient royals lived. The last day, we visited the magnificent Great Wall. Never will we forget this meaningful journey, where we have harvested knowledge, dreams, happiness and friendship. Hope you can visit China one day. Welcome to China!Yours_sincerely，Li_Hua