2022-2023学年新教材高中英语 Unit 3 Getting along with others 语法精讲3 关系代词引导的限制性定语从句学案 牛津译林版必修第一册.doc

1、语法精讲关系代词引导的限制性定语从句1.限制性定语从句概述：在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。限制性定语从句是定语从句的分支。限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系词是引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词在从句中作一定的句子成分。构成：2定语从句的先行词及关系代词先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言，它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语和整个主句；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语、补语和整个主句。关系代词及其具体功

2、用：关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所作的成分who指人主语、宾语、表语whom指人宾语whose指人或物定语which指物主语、宾语、定语that指人或物主语、宾语、表语God helps those who/that help themselves.上帝帮助自强的人。This is the factory which/that we once visited.这是我们曾经参观过的工厂。There came a lot of children, most of whom I didnt know.来了许多孩子，大多数我都不认识。Thats the man whose house has burn

3、ed down.那就是那个房屋被烧毁的人。误区警示(1)在定语从句中作动词宾语时或介词后用whom，不用who，口语中whom前无介词时可用that或who代替。(2)关系代词在从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。The man (whom/who/that) you saw just now is our manager.你刚才看见的男子是我们的经理。(3)whose既可以指人也可以指物，既可以说“某人的”，也可以说“某物的”。I dont want to pay for the book whose cover is lost.我不想为这本没有封面的书付款。即学即练1观察定语从句体会其作用1Do

4、 you know the man that/who is waiting outside?2He showed me the photos (that/which he took on his trip to Xian3Simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen例句1中的黑体词在定语从句中作_，不可省略。例句2中的黑体词在定语从句中作_，可以省略。例句3中的黑体词在定语从句中作_。找出下列定语从句中的先行词Is this the book which your father bought for you？_Who is the man th

5、at is speaking to your mother？_They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down._用定语从句合并句子This is the house. Lu Xun once lived in the house.This is the house _The boy is Tom. The boy is studying in the classroom.The boy _ is Tom.单句语法填空Do you know everyone _ came to the party?No, I dont kno

6、w the one _ you had a long talk with.I admire my classmates _ English is good.The report _ will be given tomorrow is important to us.3关系代词that与which的区别用that而不用which的情况(1)先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰。(2)先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰。(3)先行词前有the very, the only等修饰。(4)先行词既有人也有物。(5)先行词前有疑问代词which时。(6)there be句型中，句子的主语是先行词而且又是

7、指物的名词。(7)先行词为主句的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语。用which的情况(1)引导非限制性定语从句。(先行词和后面的定语从句被逗号隔开)Paper-cutting, which is a traditional art form in our country, dates from the Han Dynasty.剪纸可追溯到汉朝，它是我们国家的传统艺术形式。(2)在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。This is the book for which I paid five dollars.这就是我花5美元买的那本书。学法点拨学习语法(定语从句)时，我们不要为太多的规则

8、所累，要学会抓住其核心知识，如关系代词that和which的区别，我们不难发现，that的用法多于which，因此我们只要谨记which的特殊用法，自然就不会用错。即学即练2单句语法填空Is there anything _ I can do for you?I like the very method _ she uses to learn English.Who was the woman _ you were talking with?Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy.In the end, she decided

9、 to sell the house _ windows were almost all broken.This is the most interesting story _ I have ever read.Im really interested in all _ you have said.Here is the book about _ I told you yesterday.When people talk about the cities of China, the first _ comes into their mind is Beijing.Tom has the goo

10、d qualities of kindness and honesty, _ is what his parents expect.【随堂自测】语法专练1There are species (物种) _ are disappearing every day.2They also had a small pond in _ they raised fish.3On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _ gives off light in the dark.4They were well trained by their mast

11、ers _ had great experience with caring for these animals.5And Ive found that the possibilities _ lie within books are limitless.6With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid _ would enjoy public speaking.7For example, there are huge amounts of reference books _ I am often confused to choose

12、 from.8. Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl _ mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.9Kate, _ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.10Many people _ live along the coast make a living on fishing industry.语法精讲关系代词引导的限制性定语从句即学即练1主语宾语定语the bookthe manthe manthat/which Lu Xun once lived inthat/who is studying in the classroomwho/thatwhom/who/thatwhosewhich/that即学即练2thatthatthatthat/whichwhosethatthatwhichthatwhich随堂自测1that2.which3.that/which4.who/that5.that6who/that7.that/which8.whose9.whose10.who/that