2023届新教材高考英语全程一轮复习 课时作业20 Unit 11 Conflict and Compromise 北师大版选择性必修第四册.docx

1、UNIT 11CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE.阅读理解A2022昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟Sugar has been linked to serious diseases like heart disease, diabetes and even cancer, which is why its vital to cut down on foods and drinks that are high in sugar. Take a look at the drinks that contain a surprising amount of hidden sugars and

2、what you should be eating instead.Fruit juicesWhile fruit juices can contain some important vitamins and minerals, they are typically full of sugar. Unfortunately, the fiber that fruit naturally contains and that helps the body keep blood sugar stable has also been removed. To keep blood sugar level

3、s from rising sharply, choose to eat whole fruits whenever a juice desire comes along.Sports drinksSports drinks might seem like the perfect choice for hydration while exercising, but they contain a high amount of added sugars as they were designed for athletes during fierce and long periods of acti

4、vity. The only people who actually benefit from sports drinks are professional athletes or marathoners. Unless thats you, just stick to plain water.Flavored coffeesFlavored coffees are delicious, but they contain hidden sugars as they often rely on artificial syrups (糖浆) for flavoring. A large flavo

5、red coffee at some coffee chains has up to 25 teaspoons of sugar. You can still enjoy your morning cup of coffee. Just stick to unflavored and unsweetened versions and avoid creamers high in sugar.Iced teasIced teas can be extremely refreshing on a hot day, but theyre typically oversweetened with su

6、gar or syrups. Some brands of iced teas actually contain a surprising 33 grams of sugar in a 355milliliter serving. So, look for iced teas without any added sugar or make your own at home so you can save money and control what goes into it.1How do fruit juices benefit people?AThey provide necessary

7、minerals.BThey refuel people during sports.CThey energize people in the morning.DThey refresh people on hot days.2What are common people advised to have while exercising?AFruit juices. BFlavored coffees.CNatural water. DIced teas.3Whats the purpose of the text?ATo introduce four nutritious drinks.BT

8、o discuss the advantages of drinks.CTo share ways to make drinks at home.DTo warn readers against highsugar drinks.B2022福州市质量检测I never thought Id hear myself say it, but Ive grown to enjoy lifting weights, and Ive learned something from doing it. I enjoy the sense of strength and discipline that com

9、es when the muscles are forced to resist. Ive tried varying schedules lifting every day, every other day, two days on and a day off. The every day approach is the least effective. I get the best strengthening results when I give myself a break.The same is true with mind and spirit. Without giving a

10、chance to reenergize yourself, you begin to break down all the connective fibers of your life. I used to just give myself Sundays off. Now Im scheduling downtime in the midst of everything and “everything” includes reading two magazines, building a house in Hawaii, working on an ABC movie and, oh ye

11、ah, my day job. Keeping it all straight was beginning to feel a little stressful. So I told myself that just because I have ten free minutes on my calendar doesnt mean I want to fill them. Breathing space has to become part of my daily routine.So instead of having people lined up outside my office a

12、fter the first show I tape two a day I do nothing for at least ten minutes. The change has worked wonders. I have more energy, and Im in a better mood for the second show and all the business that comes afterward.Now that I have the summer off to sit under the trees reading, napping, writing, and th

13、inking, I know for sure its time well spent. Im refilling my tank so that by fall, when the new season begins, Ill be fired up and ready for whatever is to come. Fully restored.4What is the function of the first paragraph?ATo arouse readers concern.BTo summarize the whole passage.CTo state the impor

14、tance of a good lifestyle.DTo introduce the theme of the whole passage.5Which of the following does the author agree with?AKeeping everything straight.BResting at any time.CTaking breaks between tasks.DHaving a full schedule.6What does the underlined “it” in Para.2 refer to?AEverything. BBuilding a

15、house.CMy day job. DWorking on a movie.7What is the main idea of the passage?ALifting weights changes peoples life.BA little restoration helps go a long way.CWhy people need to be in high spirits.DTen minutes break will work wonders.七选五2022临沂市高三一模As we know, mental health is in a worse situation amo

16、ng young people globally. _1_ This not only lowers quality of life, but has a negative impact on a teenagers growth. To get at the root causes of this decline, a group of scientists conducted a study and found the combination of high screen time and low “green time” greatly affects mental wellbeing.

17、 Children nowadays spend more time than ever in front of electronic devices.The average daily screen time for 8to18yearolds was 7.5 hours in the US. ten years ago. As the study states, “This greatly goes above guidelines of 2 hours per day.” Now the condition is worse by the fact that so many school

18、s are using technology to teach classes. Indeed some screen time can promote connections and enable tasks to be done more efficiently. _2_ In addition to troubling nerve stimulation, too much screen time takes the place of important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, g

19、etting adequate sleep, and academic activities.The study authors suggest that green time could act as a cure for screen time, essentially balancing its negative effects. _3_The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention

20、there, which is not tiring or effortful. _4_ The great nature could potentially function as a psychological wellbeing promotion intervention (干预) for children and teenagers in a hightech era. This knowledge could be a guide to public health departments that are struggling to restore happiness and ch

21、eer in countless anxious teenagers. _5_ATeenagers urgently need more green time.BScreenbased technology makes kids less attentive.C.The frequency of depression and anxiety is increasing.DThere are many more ways, nevertheless, in which it is harmful.EIt suggests more outdoor projects like building p

22、arks could be fundamental.FPaying constant directed attention to screens can raise directed attention tiredness.GThis study highlights that nature may currently be a potential public health resource.语法填空2022湖北模拟Having a vegan diet might sound hard. However, in recent years, veganism (纯素食主义) has beco

23、me one of 1._ fastestgrowing lifestyle trends in the world.According to HuffPost, more than 3 million people in the United States are vegans. In the UK, about 542，000 people 2._ (choose) veganism over the past decade.What is driving this 3._ (grow) in veganism? It is because people want to protect t

24、he environment. Producing meat and dairy products 4._ (be) stressful for the environment. According to a study, global meat manufacturing causes about 18 percent of the worlds greenhouse gas emissions. This figure is 5._ (high) than all the worlds cars, trains and planes combined. Another reason is

25、6._ many of todays young people believe its wrong to kill animals for food.For many people, veganism 7._ (simple) means eating no meat, cheese or eggs, but going animalfree also applies to fashion and manufacturing. Every year more than a billion animals are killed 8._ (make) leather products from t

26、heir skins. Now, many brands are looking for other materials. The sports brand Puma has made shoes out of pineapple leaves. Tesla is said to be removing animalbased leather 9._ its seats.So, if youre interested in 10._ (protect) the environment, you might want to give veganism a try.课时作业(二十).阅读理解A语篇

27、类型：应用文主题语境：人与自我健康避免摄入过多含糖饮料【语篇解读】糖与心脏病、糖尿病甚至癌症等严重疾病有关，这就是减少摄入高糖食物和饮料至关重要的原因。本文介绍了四种高糖饮料以及替代方案。1答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Fruit juices中的“While fruit juices can contain some important vitamins and minerals”可知，果汁含有一些重要的矿物质。故A项正确。2答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Sports drinks中的“The only people. Unless thats you, just s

28、tick to plain water.”可知，喝运动型饮料能获益的人只有专业运动员或马拉松运动员，除非你是专业运动员或者马拉松运动员，否则，就喝原味的水吧。故作者建议普通人运动时要喝原味的水。故C项正确。3答案与解析：D考查理解目的的能力。根据第一段可知，糖与一些重大疾病有关，所以作者建议减少高糖食物和饮料的摄入，同时作者介绍了四种高糖饮料及替代方案。故本文的写作目的是警告读者少喝高糖饮料。故D项正确。B语篇类型：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与自我生活与学习学会适度调整与休息【语篇解读】作者在训练举重的过程中发现通过调整日程安排可以达到更好的训练效果，由此联想到这也同样适用于人的思维和精神层面，适

29、度的休息与调整可以产生更好的效果。4答案与解析：D考查理解目的的能力。通读全文可知，本文的主题是适度调整与休息帮助人走得远。根据文章第一段的内容可知，作者提及自己训练举重的过程与经历，在尝试了多种训练日程安排后发现，每天训练的训练方式效果最差；即给自己休息时间的训练方式更有效，从而引出本文的主题。故选项D正确。5答案与解析：C考查推断的能力。 根据文章第二段中的“Now Im scheduling downtime in the midst of everything”“Breathing space has to become part of my daily routine”可推知，作者认

30、为完成一项任务再进行下一项任务前可以休息。因此选项C正确。6答案与解析：A考查理解词汇的能力。根据文章第二段中的“Now Im scheduling downtime in the midst of everything”及it所在句可推知，此处it泛指各种各样的事情。因此选项A正确。7答案与解析：B考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。根据文章尾段中的“Im refilling my tank so that by fall, when the new season begins, Ill be fired up and ready for whatever is to come. Fully res

31、tored.”和文章的其他内容可知，本文主要是通过作者的亲身经历总结得出结论：一些休整时间可以帮助人做好准备，走得远。.七选五语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我健康亲近大自然能有效解决心理问题【语篇解读】因电子设备的大量使用，全球的年轻人正在面临严重的精神健康问题。一项研究表明，亲近大自然能够帮助青少年有效解决心理问题。1答案与解析：C空格前讲全球年轻人的精神健康处于一种更差的状态中；空格后讲这不仅会降低生活质量，而且对青少年的成长有负面影响。C项“频繁抑郁和焦虑正在增加”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。2答案与解析：D空格前讲一些屏幕时间确实能促进联系，提高工作效率；空格后讲除了神经刺激外，过多

32、屏幕时间会取代对心理健康的保护行为，如体育活动、充足睡眠和学术活动等。D项“然而，还有更多有害的方面”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。3答案与解析：F空格前讲绿色时间可以是屏幕时间的一种治疗，本质上平衡屏幕时间的负面影响；空格后讲当注意力系统极度疲惫时，它在自然环境中能够恢复。F项“持续关注屏幕会引起注意力疲劳”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。4答案与解析：G空格后讲在高科技时代，大自然可能成为儿童和青少年心理健康促进干预的潜在因素。由此可知，大自然在治愈心理健康方面有积极作用。G项“这项研究强调，自然目前可能是一种潜在的公共卫生资源”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。5答案与解析：E空格前讲公共部门正在利

33、用该知识重建青少年的心理健康。E项“它表明更多的户外项目，如修建公园等，可能是基础”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。【长难句分析】The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention there, which is not tiring or effortful.(第三段最后一句)本句是一个主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句；because引导原因状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句。译文：当注

34、意力系统不堪重负时，它可以在自然环境中恢复，因为它们在自然环境中使用不自觉的注意力，这并不累人，也不费力。.语法填空【语篇解读】本文为说明文。纯素食主义风已成为世界上生活方式的时尚。人们之所以选择纯素食是想保护环境，另一个原因是许多当今的年轻人认为杀动物为食是错误的。1答案与解析：the考查冠词。句意：但近年来，纯素食主义成为了全球一种增长趋势最快的生活方式。one of 后面名词是特指，要用定冠词the，故填the。2答案与解析：have chosen考查现在完成时。句意：据赫芬顿邮报报道，美国有超过三百万人都是纯素食主义者。在过去的十年间，英国大约有54.2万人选择了素食。时间状语over

35、 the past decade句子要用现在完成时。故填have chosen。3答案与解析：growth考查名词。句意：为何纯素食主义如此受欢迎？空格前有this修饰，与this一起做drive的宾语，要用grow 的名词形式growth。故填growth。4答案与解析：is考查系动词。句意：生产肉类和奶制品会给环境带来很大压力。本句的主语是动名词，单个的动名词作主语，谓语用单数，而且表一般情况，因此本句要用is，故用is。5答案与解析：higher考查比较级。句意：这一数值比全球所有的汽车、火车、飞机加起来的温室气体排放总量还要高。后面有 than 需要用比较级。故填higher。6答案与

36、解析：that考查表语从句。句意：另一个原因是，今天的许多年轻人认为为了食物而杀死动物是错误的。分析句子可知，本句是表语从句，表语从句中不缺少成分，只缺少一个引导词，此时要用that 引导表语从句。故填that。7答案与解析：simply考查副词作状语。句意：对于许多人而言，纯素食主义仅仅意味着不吃肉、奶酪或者鸡蛋，但采取无动物成分的做法同样适用于时尚业和制造业。此处用副词作状语。分析句子可知，空格处在句中修饰动词means，修饰动词要用副词，故填simply。8答案与解析：to make考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：每年有超过10亿只动物被杀，用它们的皮做皮革制品。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作目的状语，英语中一般用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to make。9答案与解析：from考查固定搭配。句意：美国汽车制造公司特斯拉表示，将不再使用动物皮革制成的座椅。remove from为固定搭配，意为“把从移除/去掉”。故填from。10答案与解析：protecting考查固定搭配。句意：因此，如果你想要保护动物、拯救环境，不妨试一下纯素食主义吧。in是介词后面接 doing。be interested in doing为固定搭配，意为“对做感兴趣”，in后要用动词的-ing形式，故填protecting。