UNIT 1 FOOD FOR THOUGHT ——2022-2023学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修二单元 基础训练 WORD版含解析.docx

1、Unit 1 Food for thought 考试时间：90分钟 满分：120分第一部分 阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AFrom the modern London Eye to the historic Tower of London, below are Londons most visited tourist attractions. Many of Londons top attractions are free, making them affordable p

2、laces to learn about some culture. Whether you prefer history or modern art, youll find it at one of these must-visit spots. British Museum The world-famous British Museum exhibits the works of man from prehistoric to modern times, from around the world. The most interesting and exciting parts inclu

3、de the Rosetta Stone, the Parthenon sculptures and the mummies in the Ancient Egypt collection. Some exhibitions require tickets. National Gallery The greatest and most beautiful building of Trafalgar Square, Londons National Gallery is a vast space filled with Western European paintings from the 13

4、th to the 19th centuries. In this impressive art gallery you can find works by masters such as Van Gogh, da Vinci, Botticelli, Constable, Renoir, Titian and Stubbs. Some exhibitions require tickets. Coca-Cola London Eye The Coca-Cola London Eye is a major feature of Londons skyline. It has some of L

5、ondons best views from its 32 capsules, each weighing 10 tons and holding up to 25 people. Climb aboard for a breathtaking experience, with an unforgettable view of more than 55 of Londons most famous landmarksall in just 30 minutes! Madame Tussauds At Madame Tussauds, youll come face-to-face with s

6、ome of the worlds most famous faces. From Shakespeare to Lady Gaga youll meet influential figures from show business, sport, politics and even royalty. Strike a pose with Usain Bolt, get close to One Direction or receive a once-in-a-lifetime audience with Her Majesty the Queen.1.What do the British

7、Museum and the National Gallery have in common?A.Both exhibit modern and contemporary art.B.Both are on the banks of the Thames.C.Both have vast spaces and special shapes.D.Both have chargeable exhibitions.2.If visitors want to get a better view of Londons famous landmarks, they should visit _.A.the

8、 Coca-Cola London EyeB.the British MuseumC.the National GalleryD.the Tate Modern3.In Madame Tussauds, visitors can _.A.enjoy Shakespeares worksB.see figures of many influential peopleC.watch Lady Gagas performanceD.talk to some famous peopleB I do my best to educate my kids about eating healthy food

9、. I teach them how to read labels, what to look for on packaging, and how certain foods affect their growing bodies. But my kids are also like most other childrenthey love junk food. My ten-year-old son Zack is very aware of his body and how food affects him. This past summer Zack was invited to a c

10、amping trip. He left on Friday and came home on Sunday morning. On Saturday night, Zack ate a lot of food. and junk food. and who knows what else. He went to bed at 11:00 and at around 1:30 a.m. Zack threw up in the tent. It was his body telling him that it didnt like what he ate that day. Recently,

11、 Zack and I were asked to speak to an audience of more than 200 people. I spoke about Unjunk Your Junk Food and Zack spoke about his appreciation for our book and how it has impacted his life as a ten-year-old child. I asked Zack to write his own speech because I wanted what he said to come straight

12、 from his heart. Heres his speech: Today Im going to talk to you about my moms book, Unjunk Your Junk Food. Its a great book, but Im a little disappointed that my favorite type of candy is there, Twizzlers. I realized after reading the book that theyre bad, so I dont eat them anymore. I saw the movi

13、e Super Size Me and I realized that junk food, especially fast food, is really unhealthy, and I wont ever go to McDonalds.I brought my moms book to school, and my mom even gave presentations to many classes, including mine. Well you guys can do the same thing and show people the book at your work an

14、d schools, and give them tips on eating healthy food. Thanks for listening. While not all children have as much of a reaction to junk food as Zack, its clear that the human body doesnt work as its prime(全盛时期) when we give it this type of food. Its important to me that my children eat a healthy diet

15、and limit their exposure to foods that arent good for them, and the best way for them to do that is for me to teach them about making healthy choices. While I fill my home with healthy options, its wonderful to see my son now come to realize, on his own, that the choices he makes affect the way he f

16、eels.1.What can we learn about the authors kids?A.They have a strong dislike for junk food.B.Their stomachs are sensitive to junk food.C.They are kept informed of eating healthy food.D.They are naughty kids who often disobey their mother.2.Why did the author ask Zack to write his own speech?A.She co

17、uldnt write better than Zack.B.She couldnt spare a minute to write for him.C.She wanted Zack to express his true thoughts.D.She tried to train Zack to be a fluent writer.3.Whats Zacks attitude to his mothers book?A.Disappointed.B.Approving.C.Doubtful.D.Indifferent.4.What can we infer from the last p

18、aragraph?A.Exposure to junk food is sure to be harmful to the human body.B.The author neednt teach her kids how to eat healthily.C.Most children have severe reaction to junk food like Zack.D.The author failed to persuade her kids to choose healthy food.C A warm drink of milk before bed has long been

19、 the best choice for those wanting a good nights sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off(打瞌睡)if it is milked from a cow at night. Researchers have discovered that night milk contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety

20、(焦虑).The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder(奶粉) made from cows milked both during the day and at night. Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk

21、collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food. Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer. While the effect of cow milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been

22、suggested to those who have trouble falling asleep at night. Previous studies have also showed that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.1.According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk _.A.started sleep more easilyB.were more anx

23、iousC.were less activeD.woke up later2.Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?A.Its been tested on mice for ten times.B.It can make people more energetic.C.It exists in milk in great amount.D.Its used in sleeping drugs.3.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Night Mi

24、lk and SleepB.Fat, Sugar and HealthC.An Experiment on MiceD.Milk Drinking and Health4.How does the author support the theme of the text?A.By giving examples.B.By stating arguments.C.By explaining statistical data.D.By providing research results.D There it was. A test of will power. I was on a specia

25、l diet with foods carefully selected for balanced nutrition and caloric value. A piece of cheese cake was not a good choice. So here was my dilemma: Should I not eat the cheese cake, feel dissatisfied and take out my disappointment on the annoyingly skinny physical instructor at the gym? Or should I

26、 eat the cheese cake and work off the calories? The latter seemed like a win-win solution. Not only would I get to enjoy the cheese cake, but Id get an exercise session (训练时段). And then it hit me: a delicate plan to use my cheese cake as an exercise incentive. I plated a thin slice of cheese cake an

27、d carefully walked it up the stairs and set it on my bedside table with a small fork. I put on my exercise outfit(全套服装) and went downstairs. The appeal of the cheese cake got stronger so I launched my plan: I would run up and down the stairs and then back up again. My reward: one small bite of chees

28、e cake. If I wanted another, Id have to run down and up and down and up again. Off I went. Ah, creamy vanilla(香草) goodness without guilt. I wanted another bite so I quickly sprinted(冲刺) through another stair climbing run. Admittedly, it was harder to enjoy the creaminess of the cheese cake when my t

29、ongue was dry from over-breathing. I placed a bottle of water next to the cake. Down and up and down and up again. When I struggled over to the cheese cake, my hand bypassed the plate and went for the water instead. I didnt want the cake any more. I wanted all this sweat and effort to do more than c

30、ancel the calories from cheese cake. I was exhausted and sure the cheese cake tasted fine but just not good enough to make me run up and down the stairs one more time. My plan worked. Now, any time I felt tempted to enjoy a former favourite, I remembered my stairs trick.1.What can we infer about the

31、 author from Paragraph 1 ?A.She had weak will power.B.She was bad-tempered and very critical.C.She needed assistance with making the choice.D.She hesitated over eating something against her diet.2.What does the underlined word incentive in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Reason.B.Hesitation.C.Replacemen

32、t.D.Companion.3.What do we learn about the authors plan?A.It involved much energy consumption(消耗).B.It rid the cake of the pleasant taste.C.It changed the authors preference for food.D.It was tiring and caused suffering.4.What may be the best title for the passage?A.A Costly DilemmaB.An Evil Cheese

33、CakeC.A Trick That WorkedD.A Sweating Experience第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Food safety is a problem in all places around the world and people in different areas of the world prepare food in different ways. The WHO released five simple rules for preparing food

34、 in a safe way. They call these rules the Five Keys to Safer Food. Key 1: Keep clean._ People should wash their hands oftenbefore touching food and while they are preparing food. People should wash all surfaces and equipment used for preparing food. Key 2: Separate raw and cooked. Raw food should no

35、t touch prepared food. _ Key 3: _ People should cook eggs and meat especially carefully. These food may carry more micro-organisms than other food. Food like soup must be boiled for at least a minute to make it be cooked completely. It is also important that people reheat cooked food completely. Key

36、 4: Keep food at safe temperatures. When people finish eating, they should keep the left food in a refrigerator below 5 and shouldnt store it for too long. At room temperature, about 20, the amount of micro-organisms can increase very quickly. But temperatures above 60 or below 5, control the growth

37、 of micro-organisms. _ Key 5: Use safe water and raw materials._ Damaged or old food may develop harmful chemicals as it gets older.A.Eat healthily.B.Cook completely.C.They can live where we make food.D.This key tells about the importance of washing.E.People should use safe water and choose fresh fo

38、od.F.They cannot grow as quickly in a very hot or very cold environment.G.People should use separate equipment and tools for touching and preparing raw food.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to find notes left in the collection basket of

39、 the church, beautiful notes about my homilies(说教) and about the writers thoughts on thedaily readings. The 1 fascinated(吸引) me. But it was a long time2 I met the author of the notes. One Sunday morning, I was3 that someone was waiting for me in the office, a young woman who said she left all the no

40、tes. When I saw her I was4 , since I had no idea that it was she who wrote the notes. She was sitting in a chair in the office. Her5 was bowed and when she raised it to look at me, she could barely6 without pain. Her face was disfigured (畸形的), so smiling was very difficult for her. We7 for a while t

41、hat Sunday morning and agreed to meet for lunch after that week. As it8 , we went to lunch several times, and we shared things about our lives. We spoke of authors we were both9 , and it was easy to tell that books are a great love of hers. She suffered from a disfigurement that cannot be made to lo

42、ok 10 . I know that her condition 11 her deeply. Yet there was a beauty of her that had nothing to do with her appearance. She was one to be listened to, whose words came from a wounded 12 loving heart. She possessed a fine-tuned sense of beauty. Her only 13 in life was the loss of a friend. The tru

43、th of her life was a desire to see beyond the 14 for a glimpse of what it is that matters. She found beauty and grace, 15 befriended her and showed her what is real.1.A.questionsB.ideasC.notesD.basket2.A.sinceB.afterC.whenD.before3.A.toldB.warnedC.suggestedD.showed4.A.shockedB.satisfiedC.frightenedD

44、.disappointed5.A.handB.armC.headD.neck6.A.standB.smileC.speakD.sit7.A.chattedB.discussedC.drankD.greeted8.A.turned outB.turned upC.came outD.came up9.A.popular withB.fond ofC.familiar toD.concerned with10.A.friendlyB.happyC.attractiveD.usual11.A.hurtB.impressedC.changedD.defeated12.A.andB.orC.butD.a

45、lso13.A.fearB.wonderC.expectationD.anger14.A.dreamB.surfaceC.imaginationD.time15.A.itB.theyC.whichD.that第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The History of Gong Bao Chicken It is said_ the dish was created_ Ding Baozhen, or Ding Gongbao, a high-ranking court official of the Qing

46、Dynasty. According to the legend, Ding Baozhen was very interested in _ (cook). He liked eating chicken and peanuts, and_ (especial) loved spicy flavours. He created a delicacy(佳肴) _ (make) of diced chicken, red chillies, and peanuts while in office. It was originally_ family dish of Ding Baozhen, b

47、ut_ time passed, it has become one of the _ (much) popular dishes in Chinese restaurants throughout the world. The combination of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard _ (resist). Whats more, it is easy to make and can be adapted to individual _ (taste).第三部分 写作（共两节,满分40分）

48、第一节 （满分15分）一家叫Peoples Health Paper的报纸来信约你撰写一篇有关健康的文章,准备刊登在该报纸上,内容可以涉及健康与 饮食习惯、食品、生活习惯的关系等。请你以How to Keep You Healthy为题写一篇英语短文。注意: 1.可以自由发挥,但是主题要鲜明,条理要清晰; 2.词数80左右。How to Keep You Healthy_Li Hua第二节 （满分25分）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。 Once, when I was a teenager, my father and I

49、 were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally, there was only one family between us and the ticket counter. This family made a big impression on me. There were eight children, all probably under the age of twelve. You could tell they didnt have a lot of money. Their clothes were not

50、expensive, but they were clean. The children were well-behaved, all of them standing in line, two-by-two behind their parents, holding hands. They were excitedly talking about the clowns, elephants and other acts they would see that night with their brothers or sisters in a low voice. One could sens

51、e they had never been to the circus before. It promised to be a highlight of their young lives. The father and mother were at the head of the pack, standing proudly as they could be. The mother was holding her husbands hand, looking up at him as if to say, You are my knight in shining armor. He was

52、smiling and responding in pride, looking back at her as if to say, You got that right. The ticket lady asked the father how many tickets he wanted. He proudly responded, Please let me buy eight childrens tickets and two adults tickets, so I can take my family to the circus. The ticket lady told him

53、the price. The mans wife let go of his hand, lowered her head and her lips began to shake. The father leaned a little closer and asked, How much did you say? The ticket lady again told him the price. The man obviously didnt have enough money. How was he supposed to turn and tell his eight children t

54、hat he didnt have enough money to take them to the circus? Actually we were not wealthy in any sense, so I understood how the kids would feel. I felt sorry for them.Paragraph 1: Seeing what was going on, my dad seemed to have an idea._Paragraph 2: That day my father and I went back to our car. _答案以及

55、解析第一部分 阅读理解第一节A.1.答案：D2.答案：A3.答案：BB.答案：1-4.CCBA解析：1.细节理解题。由第一段中I do my best to educate my kids about eating healthy food.可知,作者一直尽最大努力教育孩子们要吃健康的食物,故选C。由第一段中But my kids are also like most other childrenthey love junk food.可知,作者的孩子喜欢吃垃圾食品,故排除A项;由第二段可知,扎克的身体对垃圾食品反应强烈,但没有提到其他孩子有同样的反应,故排除B项 。D项“他们是经常违抗妈妈的

56、淘气孩子”由原文表述无法推测出来。2.细节理解题。由文中第四段I asked Zack to write his own speech because I wanted what he said to come straight from his heart.可知,作者让扎克自己写演讲稿是因为想听到他的心声,故选C。3.推理判断题。由扎克演讲稿中Its a great book.及后边扎克在读完妈妈的书后不再吃糖,鼓励听众效仿自己,把妈妈的书带到学校的叙述可知,扎克对妈妈的书评价很高。故选B“赞同的”。A项意为“失望的”;C项意为“怀疑的”;D项意为“漠不关心的”。4.推理判断题。由最后一段前

57、两句“虽然并不是所有的孩子都像扎克那样对垃圾食品有如此强烈的反应,但很明显,吃垃圾食品时,身体的工作机能不会达到最佳状态。对我来说,让孩子们吃健康的食物并限制他们接触垃圾食品是很重要的,做到那一点的最好方法就是让我来指导他们做出健康的选择。”可知,垃圾食品对身体健康是有害无益的,作者会限制孩子摄入,故选A。B项“作者不需要教她的孩子们如何健康饮食”,C项“大多数孩子像扎克一样对垃圾食品有严重的反应”和D项“作者没有说服孩子们去选择健康的食物”的表述均与原文不符,故排除。 C.答案：1-4.BDAD解析：1.细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知饮用夜间取的牛奶的老鼠比饮用白天取的牛奶的老鼠不那么活跃

58、、不那么焦虑。故选B项。2.解析:细节理解题。根据第六段中的taking melatonindrugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fallasleep at night可知褪黑激素被用在安眠药中。故选D项。3.解析:主旨大意题。根据第二段可知,饮用在夜间取自奶牛的牛奶能帮助人们入睡,减少焦虑。故选A项。4.解析:篇章结构题。本文是通过提供研究结果来支持第一段所提出的中心论点。故选D项。 D.答案：1-4.DAAC解析：1.推理判断题。【关键句】So here was my dilemma: Should I not ea

59、t the cheese cake, feel dissatisfied and take out my disappointment on the annoyingly skinny physical instructor at the gym? Or should I eat the cheese cake and work off the calories?【解析】关键句中提到健身房的体育教练,作者想将卡路里消耗掉等,这些都暗示作者平时饮食健康,作者因其该不该吃美味的奶酪蛋糕而犹豫不决,显然是因为奶酪蛋糕违背了她自己所倡导的健康饮食的理念。故答案选D项。2.词义猜测题。【关键句1】And

60、 then it hit me: a delicate plan to use my cheese cake as an exercise incentive.【关键句2】My reward: one small bite of cheese cake.【解析】关键句1中提到利用奶酪蛋糕实施锻炼计划,关键句2提到将奶酪蛋糕作为奖励,显然画线词意思与“奖励”相关。A项reason意为“理由”;B项hesitation意为“犹豫”;C项replacement意为“代替物”;D项companion意为“同伴”。结合画线句,显然用奶酪蛋糕作为锻炼的“理由”最合适,故答案选A项。3.细节理解题。【关键句

61、】I wanted all this sweat and effort to do more than cancel the calories from cheese cake. I was exhausted.【解析】根据关键句可知,作者制定的计划消耗了大量的能量,让她觉得筋疲力尽,只想喝水,对美味的蛋糕已不那么渴求了。故答案选A项。4.主旨大意题。【关键句】My plan worked. Now, any time I felt tempted to enjoy a former favourite, I remembered my stairs trick.【解析】通读全文可知,作者设计

62、了一个巧妙计划:将奶酪蛋糕作为锻炼的奖励。再由关键句可知,这个爬楼梯的伎俩奏效了,抓住其中plan worked和trick等词可知,答案选C项。 第二节答案：DGBFE解析：本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了世界卫生组织提出的确保食品更加安全的五大要点。 根据小标题Key 1:Keep clean.及其下面的wash their hands和wash all surfaces and equipment可知,空处应该是关于清洗的。故选D项。根据小标题Key 2:Separate raw and cooked.可知,此段落应该是关于分开盛放生食及熟食的。故选G项。根据第三个小标题下的be cooke

63、d completely和cooked food completely可知,此段是关于充分烹调食物的。故选B项。根据前句But temperatures above 60 or below 5 control the growth of micro-organisms.可知,高于60或者低于5的温度都可以控制微生物的生长。由此可推断出,微生物在温度过高或过低的情况下都生长得很慢。故选F项。根据第五个小标题中的safe water可知,此处指人们应该用安全的饮用水并选用新鲜的食物。故选E项。第二部分 语言知识运用第一节答案：1-5.CDAAC; 6-10.BAABC; 11-15.ACABC解析

64、：1.根据第一段第一句及最后一句中的关键信息the author of the notes可知,此处表达“这些笔记吸引了我”。故选C项。2.句意:但是过了很长时间,我才见到笔记的作者。“It was +时间段+ before.”为“过了多久才”,故选D项。3.句意:一个星期天的早晨,我被告知有人在办公室等我故选A项。4.根据since I had no idea that it was she who wrote the notes可知,作者看到她时很震惊,故选A项。5.根据下文when she raised it to look at me可知,此处指她低着头。故选C项。6.根据下文Her

65、face was disfigured, so smiling.可知,由于面部畸形,她笑起来是很痛苦的,故选B项。7.根据and agreed to meet for lunch after that week可知,“我们”聊了一会儿。故选A项。8.句意:结果,我们一起吃了好几次午饭,并分享了我们生活中的事情。as it turned out为固定表达,意为“结果”,故选A项。9.句意:我们谈论我们都喜欢的作者 be fond of为固定搭配,意为“喜欢”。故选B项。10.根据上文中的Her face was disfigured可知,她遭遇了一次毁容,这使得她看起来没有吸引力。故选C项。11

66、.句意:我知道她的情况让她很伤心。故选A项。12.句意:她是一个值得被倾听的人,她的话语来自一颗受伤但充满爱的心。wounded与loving的意思之间具有对比关系,故选C项。13.根据the loss of a friend可知,她生命中唯一害怕的事情就是失去朋友。故选A项。14.句意:她生命的真谛就是渴望透过表面看到真正重要的东西。故选B项。15.设空处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中做主语,指物,所以用which,故选C项。 第二节答案：that; by; cooking; especially; made; a; as; most; to resist ; tastes第三部分 写作第

67、一节答案：How to Keep You Healthy Its very important for us to keep healthy. But how? Here are some pieces of advice for you to follow. First, you should have a healthy diet. Its necessary to eat enough fresh fruit and vegetables, because they contain all kinds of vitamins that you need every day. But do

68、nt eat too much food that contains a lot of fat or sugar. Dont drink too much coffee and dont smoke. And second, youd better form some good habits, such as doing regular exercise, going to bed early and getting up early. You must have enough sleep every day. By the way, youd better remember not to w

69、ork too hard.第二节答案： Paragraph 1: Seeing what was going on, my dad seemed to have an idea. My dad put his hand in his pocket, pulled out a $ 20 bill and dropped it on the ground. Then he picked it up and tapped the man on the shoulder and said, Excuse me, sir, this fell out of your pocket. The man tu

70、rned around and saw the money. He knew what was going on, he looked straight into my dads eyes, took my dads hand in both of his, holding the $20 bill, and with his lips shaking, a tear running down his cheek, he replied, Thank you, thank you, sir. This really means a lot to me and my family.Paragra

71、ph 2: That day my father and I went back to our car. When I asked Dad why he did so, Dad said, My child, it was a desperate, heartbreaking and embarrassing situation for a father. Surely he wasnt begging for a handout, but he reminded me of my father, when I was young. He paused for a while, as if wandering in his memory. We should appreciate what we have obtained from life and seize every opportunity to help others. We didnt go to the circus tonight, but we didnt go without.