22、中考英语语法专项讲练-形容词副词级别变化规则（含解析）.doc

1、形容词副词级别变化规则形容词副词的级别变化知识精讲大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，及原级、比较级和最高级。用来表示事物的等级差别，原级即形容词或副词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种，详见下表：1. 规则变化类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和部分双音节词一般的在词尾直接加-er/ -estlongtalllongertallerlongesttallest以不发音的字母e结尾直接加-r/-stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，变y为i ,再加-er/-esteasyhappyheavyeasierhapp

2、ierheaviereasiesthappiestheaviest重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加-er/ -estbighotthinbiggerhotterthinnerbiggesthottestthinnest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more和 mostbeautifulcarefullymore beautifulmore carefullymost beautifulmost carefully 注意：形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，副词最高级前一般将the省略。试比较：Mike is the tallest boy in our class.麦克是

3、我们班最高的男生。Mike runs fastest in our class.麦克在我们班跑地最快。2. 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/ wellbetterbestbad/ ill/ badlyworseworstmany/ muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther(较远)further(进一步)farthest(最远)furthest(最大限度)oldolder(较老的，较旧的)elder(较年长的)oldest(最老的，最旧的)eldest(最年长的)三点剖析一、重难点：对于上述形容词中有两种不同形式的特殊比较级和最高级的，要对其用法熟记。二、易

4、错点：掌握形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则，熟记少数特殊的不规则变化。构成比较级和最高级有两种方式：一是在词尾加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级；另一种形式是在词前加more构成比较级，加(the) most 构成最高级。三、补充点：1. farther, further这两个词都是far的比较级形式，但在用法上有所区别：1). farther和further都可指具体的距离，即空间时间上的“较远”。如： Lets not go any farther/further.我们别再走了吧。 The service desk is at the farther/further end of th

5、e hall.咨询处在大厅稍往里的地方。2). further还可用于抽象的引申义，如时间，程度和数量等，表示“进一步，更进一层”，此时，不能用farther。如： I may be able to give you some further information about it.关于这个问题，我还可以给你一些信息。 The problem will be further discussed at the class meeting.这个问题在班会上还将进一步讨论。 2. older和elder这两个词均是old的比较级，但在用法上有所区别：1). elder表示“前辈的”、“年纪较长的”

6、，仅用于同一家庭成员的比较；older则不限于此。例如：My younger son is five and my elder son is nine。我的小儿子5岁，大儿子9岁。 Tom is two years older than I.汤姆比我年长两岁。 2). elder在句中只用作定语，不作表语；older两者皆可。例如：My elder sister does her homework all by herself. 我的姐姐独自做作业。His elder son got married last week. 他的长子是上星期结婚的。I think his mother is ol

7、der. 我认为他的母亲年龄大引起。 3). elder只能用来指人；older不仅限于修饰人。例如：My elder brother joined the army when he was only fifteen.我哥哥年仅15负就参了军。This dog is older than any other dogs here.这条狗在这里是最老的一条。I have a sister older than myself.我有位比我大的姐姐。It is said Mr. Chen is over ten years older than Mrs. Li.据说陈先生比李女士大10多岁。题模精选题模

8、一：规则变化例1.1.1 Who is _, Li Ming or Li Tao.A tallB the tallestC tallerD very tall例1.1.2 写出下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级careful _ _例1.1.3 I think Yi, the famous Chinese basketball player, will be _ new star in NBAA the hottestB the most hotC hotterD hot题模二：不规则变化例1.2.1 写出下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级little _ _例1.2.2 Which scarf

9、is _, the green one or the blue one?A goodB betterC bestD the best随堂练习随练1.1 Debbie is growing fast. She is even_ than her mother.A tallB tallerC tallestD the tallest随练1.2 Dad, would you please drive a little _? No worries. We have enough time to get there.A fastB fasterC fastestD the fastest随练1.3 To

10、ny is not as clever as Lucy, but he works_ than her.A hardB harderC hardestD the hardest随练1.4 I live _ to school than Betty, just a five-minute walk.A closeB too closeC closerD closest随练1.5 Ann is 12 years old and Alice is 15 years old. Ann is _ than Alice.A youngB youngerC youngestD the youngest随练1

11、.6 Who comes to school _, Jerry or Martin?A earlyB earlierC earliestD the earliest随练1.7 The air in Beijing is getting much _ now than a few years ago.A cleanB cleanerC cleanestD the cleanest随练1.8 Lisa sent for a doctor because she felt much _.A illB worseC worstD the worst自我总结课后作业作业1 写出下列形容词、副词的比较级和

12、最高级。1. wide _ _2. small _ _3. hot _ _4. busy _ _5. many _ _6. careless _ _7. well _ _8. ill _ _9. far_ _10. old_ _作业2 My friend, Li Ping, is _ than his father.A strongB strongerC strongestD the strongest作业3 I think man-made wonders are _ than natural ones.A excitingB more excitingC most excitingD th

13、e most exciting作业4 My sister is good at sports. She can jump _ than me.A highB higherC highestD the highest作业5 The roads in my hometown are _ than before.A wideB widerC widestD the widest作业6 Which subject do you like , Chinese or English?English, of course.A wellB betterC bestD the best作业7 WeChat is

14、 growing fast and it is _ than Skype in China.A popularB more popularC most popularD the most popular作业8 I cant carry your bag. It is much _ than mine.A heavyB heavierC heaviestD the heaviest作业9 Daming, are you feeling better now? No, mum. I feel even _.A badB worseC worstD the worst作业10 Sara got il

15、l yesterday. She felt a little _ this morning.A illB worseC worstD the worst作业11 The cake looks _.Yes, and it tastes even _.A. well; goodB. good; betterC. good; worseD. better; best答案解析形容词副词的级别变化题模精选题模一：规则变化例1.1.1【答案】C【解析】 比较对象的范围是两者Li Ming or Li Tao，因此用比较级，tall的比较级为规则变化，直接在词尾加-er，故选C。例1.1.2【答案】 mor

16、e careful; most careful【解析】 考查了形容词的规则变化。例1.1.3【答案】A【解析】 考查形容词的最高级。Yi将成为NBA最火的一位篮球运动员，hot符合规则变化，因此其最高级是the hottest，故选A。题模二：不规则变化例1.2.1【答案】 less; least【解析】 考查学生形容词副词的不规则变化。例1.2.2【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词比较级。the green one or the blue one有两者。故选B.随堂练习随练1.1【答案】B【解析】 比较级，二者比较。随练1.2【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词比较级。a little +比较级；fa

17、st的比较级是faster。随练1.3【答案】B【解析】 考查了形容词的比较级。than 是比较级的标志词。故选B。随练1.4【答案】C【解析】 考查了形容词。than 是比较级的标志词。故选C。随练1.5【答案】B【解析】 考查了形容词的比较级。than 是比较级的标志词。故选B。随练1.6【答案】B【解析】 考查了形容词的比较级。由两者之间作比较，故选B。随练1.7【答案】B【解析】 形容词比较级，由than可知。随练1.8【答案】B【解析】 形容词比较级，由much可知。作业1【答案】 1. wider; widest2. smaller; smallest3. hotter; hott

18、est4. busier; busiest5. more; most6. more careless; most careless7. better; best8. worse; worst9. farther, further; farthest, furthest10. older, elder; oldest, eldest【解析】 考查形容词副词的变化规则。作业2【答案】B【解析】 考察了形容词的比较级。两者作比较，应为比较级。故选B。作业3【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词的比较级，由后面的than可知用比较级形式more exciting。作业4【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词的比较级。由than可知选B。作业5【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词的比较级。由than可知选比较级形式，B。作业6【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词。or表“或者”，两者之间用比较级。作业7【答案】B【解析】 考查形容词比较级。than是比较级的标志词。作业8【答案】B【解析】 形容词比较级。作业9【答案】B【解析】 形容词比较级。作业10【答案】B【解析】 形容词，根据前句ill可知她不舒服。作业11【答案】【解析】 形容词，根据句意可知。