专题29 阅读理解之议论文(中考真题 名校新真题)(江苏专用）.docx

1、专题22 阅读理解之议论文(中考真题+名校最新真题)（2022江苏盐城统考中考真题）One teacher praises a student by saying “Youre so smart!” Another teacher says, “You must have worked really hard at this!” Which student does better in school? Studies show that students who hear the words of the second teacher will do better. Those student

2、s are learning that their effort is important. Psychologists（心理学家）looked at what students did after they were given different types of praise. Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didnt try very hard the next time. Other students were told that they had worked hard at a task.

3、They worked even harder the next time. The first group of students was learning that they had a set amount of skill. They didnt think they could do any better. This is called a fixed mindset（思维模式）. The second group was learning that they could do better if they kept trying. This is called a growth m

4、indset. People who have a growth mindset believe that the brain can grow; people can do better and learn new skills. If they work hard, they can be successful. How can teachers and parents help students succeed? They can focus mainly on effort and not simply on ability. When students succeed, teache

5、rs and parents should praise the actual work rather than intelligence（智力）or talent. When students fail, they should be told how they can do better. Teachers, parents and students need to value effort, not intelligence. Beliefs of Fixed and Growth MindsetsFixed MindsetGrowth MindsetThings youre born

6、with that cannot changeThings you can grow and improve with hard workSomething to avoidcould show lack of skillSomething importantleads to successThings to avoidin case you arent good enoughThings that help you learn1What kind of people have fewer chances to succeed according to the article?APeople

7、with a growth mindset.BPeople with a fixed mindset.CPeople who often learn from challenges.DPeople who often learn from mistakes.2From the form we can know people with a growth mindset consider challenges as _.Athings theyre born withBthings they need to avoidCthings that help them learnDthings that

8、 stop them improving3How does the writer organize the ideas in the article?ABy telling stories.BBy listing numbers.CBy drawing mind maps.DBy comparing facts.（2021江苏泰州统考中考真题）Just the other day, I was in a bookshop and found a book named How to make friends with foreigners. As a Canadian living in Chi

9、na for a year, I was curious to see what kind of advice a Chinese writer giving on this matter.One piece of advice really caught my attention and, I must say, made me feel quite angry. In the writers opinion, foreigners are an opportunity (机会) to improve your oral English; whenever you see a foreign

10、er, American or English, you should practise speaking English with him or her. If the foreigner doesnt want to answer your questions, then he or she is a rude person who you wouldnt want to spend time with anyway. I think this advice is not only incorrect, but also may harm the relationship between

11、Chinese and foreigners in China.Like most other Lao Wai living in China, I know how lonely one can sometimes feel living in a culture different from our own familiar (熟悉的) ways. However, I simply accept as part of being here. So far my time in China has been rewarding. I have improved my Chinese lan

12、guage skills, learned about one of the fastest developing countries in the world today and made some very close Chinese friends.However, I have also met many Chinese people who consider me only as an opportunity to improve their oral English. I have had people following me from town to my flat to tr

13、ouble me to teach them English. I have had complete strangers throwing articles or speeches in my face, insisting that I help them with the English translation. I have had people asking me non-stop questions for half an hour at the weekly English Corner .Friendship for a lot of foreigners is about s

14、pending time with someone whose company (陪伴) they really enjoy. So if there is any advice to give on making and keeping friendships with foreigners, I would say that it is this: Treat foreigners as people, not opportunities. Expect to make friendships step by step, over a period of time, not in a ru

15、sh. _ If your only reason for becoming fiends with a foreigner is to improve your English, then you will probably find that you dont have a foreign friend for long.4Where is the writer of this passage from?AAmericaBChinaCCanadaDEngland5Why is the writer of the passage interested in the book How to m

16、ake friends with foreigners ?ABecause he wants to have some more close Chinese Friends.BBecause he has greatly improved his Chinese language skills,CBecause no Chinese people would like to make friends with him.DBecause he wants to know about the Chinese writers advice on this topic.6According to th

17、e writer of the book How to make friends with foreigners , _.Ahis advice may make foreigners angryBit is rude of you to ask a foreigner questionsCyou should choose a good foreigner to practise English withDdont waste time on a foreigner who doesnt answer your questions7In the fourth paragraph, the w

18、riter uses I have had three times, because _.Ahe had no better sentences to express his ideas.Bhe wanted to show how he hated to make friends with Chinese.Che wanted to show how he hated to be treated as an “opportunity”.Dhe met Chinese who wanted to make friends with him only three times.8Which sen

19、tence may be the best to fill in the _ in the last paragraph?ATrue friendships stand (经得起) the test of time.BLearn about different cultures to make real friends.CFriends are about opportunities or personal advantages.DTheres real friendship between people from different countries.（2020江苏常州统考中考真题）Loo

20、king at art should be like walking in the countryside. You may not know exactly where you are, what bird is making that strange sound, or what the hill ahead of you is called, but thats part of the fun of it. You dont need to know these things to feel the beauty of nature.Of course, if you do know y

21、our birds, trees and local history, a walk can be more attractive. Yet such knowledge comes slowly. It is picked up through experience. A true knowledge of nature cannot just be given to you through an app on your phone. Imagine pointing your phone at the hill and getting plenty of information on sc

22、reen. Would that enrich your dreamy walk or ruin(毁灭) it?Braggarts enjoy an app that allows them to show off their knowledge, for example, about baroque(巴洛克风格的) paintings. In fact, apps in museums try to provide on-screen art history at once just to encourage people to read their phones instead of lo

23、oking at paintings.It is a mistaken idea that you need to be spoon-fed(灌输) amazing facts about a work of art in order to appreciate(欣赏) it. Our first experience of a work of art should be raw(自然状态的), unguided, and a bit puzzling, like following a path in the woods. Later, you might choose to do some

24、 personal research into the work. It can further increase your enjoyment and appreciation for it. Yet it is best done when youre away from the art itself, so that even when you return, the work still feels fresh.Anyone who thinks knowing some dates and details makes you better understand a work of a

25、rt is wrong. We all need to put aside our screens and our supposed knowledge when we look at art. Let the paintings flow in; let your intuitions(直觉) fly off. Art is a journey in the wilderness or it is nothing at all.9What does the writer mainly want to say?AArt is best with the help of apps.BArt is

26、 best when hidden in mystery.CArt is nothing compared with nature.DArt is nothing when details and facts are known.10The underlined word “braggarts” refers to(指)_.Apeople who like showing offBpeople who like baroque paintingsCthose who are good at appreciating artDthose who are good at painting with

27、 phones11Whats the main idea of Paragraph 4?AHow to appreciate a work of art.BHow to personal research into a work of art.CHow to keep your feelings about a work of art fresh.DHow to be spoon-fed amazing facts about a work of art.12what can we infer(推断) from the passage?ABecause of apps, art will be

28、 ruined in the future.BA good piece of art is usually made about nature.CResearch work and intuitions can both help understand art.DMuseums are not supposed to allow the use of mobile phones.（2023江苏盐城校考一模）If youre working to become better or hoping to make a change, youll probably hear your family a

29、nd friends say “go big or go home. They think you should set high expectations. But is it really good?Having high expectations could be good. It can motivate you. When you have high expectations for something, youll probably try your best to make them come true. For example, if you believe that you

30、can get an A in a test, you will probably spend a lot of time working on it. Also, when you start meeting your expectations, youll set even higher expectations for yourself. Besides, having high expectations on yourself doesnt only do you good. It will make a difference to others.But if your expecta

31、tions are too high to realize, it can be bad. Having high expectations can sometimes lead to mind problems, such as worry and unhappiness. The findings of a study showed that some students were under serious stress because they wanted to be perfect. Great expectations can also let you down. This is

32、especially true when you set expectations on other people whose actions you cannot control. For example, if youre feeling alone and you call up your friends, you surely expect them to make you feel better. When this fails to happen, you will feel down and unsatisfied with your friends. To avoid this

33、 situation, you should set your expectations realistically (切合实际地).It is hard to manage expectations, but the main thing is to set a more realistic and achievable expectation.13What do your family and friends want you to do when they say “go big or go home” ?ATo cheer others up.BTo go home at once.C

34、To set high expectations.DTo spend a lot of time with them.14Why were some students under serious stress?ATheir family didnt support them.BTheir study results were terrible.CTheir friends didnt care about them.DTheir expectations are too high to realize.15How can you avoid feeling down when setting

35、expectations on others?ABy calling up your friends.BBy controlling their actions.CBy making others feel better.DBy setting your expectations realistically.16What is the best title for the text?ARight views on Setting Expectations.BValuable Advice on Realizing Expectations.CPossible Reasons for Meeti

36、ng Expectations.DSerious Problems in Achieving Expectations.（2023江苏苏州苏州高新区实验初级中学统考二模）ChatGPT, a smart AI chat-bot(聊天机器人) tool, has swept the education world in the past months. According to a US survey of more than 1000 students, over 89 percent of them have used ChatGPT to help with a homework assi

37、gnment. Developed by US company OpenAI, ChatGPT is a powerful tool. You can ask it to write stories and emails, create recipes(食谱), translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions.Some schools in the US, Australia and France have banned (禁止) the use of ChatGPT. In the US, for example, New Yor

38、k City public schools banned students and teachers from using ChatGPT on the districts networks and devices(设备).The move comes out of worries that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on assignments.Some also worry that ChatGPT could be used to spread inaccurate(不确定的) information.“It

39、does not build critical-thinking(批判性思维) and problem-solving skills, which are necessary for academic(学术的) and lifelong success,” said Jenna Lyle, the deputy press secretary of the New York City Department of Education.Apart from bans, teachers are making changes to their classes to block the use of

40、ChatGPT. Some college teachers in the US try to include more speaking exams and handwritten on papers instead of typed ones.However, not all educators say no to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are drafting(起草) policies on its use, for both students and teachers. They have no plans to completely

41、ban the tool so far.Bhaskar Vira, the headmaster at the University of Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not sensible(明智的). “We have to know that AI is a tool people will use,” he told Varsity, the school newspaper of the university. What we need to do is “adapt(调整)

42、our learning, teaching and examinations.” That way, we can “have integrity (诚信) while recognizing the use of the tool”.17Some schools in the US banned the use of ChatGPT because _.Astudents may use it to cheat on homeworkBit rarely provides correct informationCit takes the place of teachersDit takes

43、 up most of the districts networks18Jenna Lyle thinks that _.AChatGPT is necessary for academic and lifelong successBChatGPT might offer the wrong informationCChatGPT is so far the smartest AI chat-bot toolDusing ChatGPT is not good for developing students minds19What did the educators in the US do

44、to avoid the use of ChatGPT?a. They blocked students access to the tool.b. They learned to recognize papers written by ChatGPT.c. They changed the forms of assignment.d. They suggested laws to ban the use of ChatGPT.Aab.Bbc.Cac.Dcd.20Which opinion is NOT mentioned in the story.AUsing ChatGPT makes s

45、tudents lazy in thinking.BChatGPTwill completely change current education.CThe complete ban on using ChatGPT is not wise.DChatGPT can be useful for both teachers and students.（2023江苏盐城校考一模）We often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self-improve

46、ment power. However, theres always something staring at us right under our nose but we dont see it. The only time we think of unlocking our self-improvement power is when everything gets worst. When do we realize that we need to change diets? When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us. When do w

47、e stop eating candies and chocolates? When all of our teeth have fallen off. When do we realize that we need to stop smoking? When our lungs have gone bad. We see the warning signs and signals when things get rough and difficult. The only time most of us ever learn about unlocking our self-improveme

48、nt power is when the whole world is falling apart. We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change, but change becomes more painful when we pay no attention to it. Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another, we are all going to finally unlock our self-improvement pow

49、er not because the world says so, but because we realize its for our own good. Happy people dont just accept change; they welcome it. Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who fear cha

50、nge. Jane always tells everyone that she doesnt have the courage to be around groups of people. She heard her family tell the same things about her to other people. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crowd come, she steps back and locks herself up in a room. Jane not

51、only believes in her story, but lives it! Self-improvement may not be everybodys favorite word, but if we look at things in a different way, we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days until we are fully improved. Three sessions in a week at the gym would

52、 result in a healthier life. Reading books every day would build up knowledge. And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self-improvement power will we realize that were beginning to take things light and become happy.21Whats the writers purpose of writing Paragraph 2?ATo remi

53、nd health is the most important.BTo explain we will meet troubles in life.CTo tell problems are not realized at times.DTo show we learn lessons when experiencing pain.22What advice might be given to help solve Janes problem?AAlways believe in herself.BUnlock herself out of the box of thought.CGet on

54、 with people in a friendly way.DCount the days until she is fully improved.23Whats the structure of the passage? (1=Paragraph 1)ABCD24Which of the following opinions may the writer support?ADont improve ourselves until things get worst.BPeople change when they find it easy to do that.CIf you welcome

55、 change in life, youll make it better.DProcess of self-improvement makes chances happen.（2023江苏盐城统考二模）ChatGPT, a smart AI chat-bot tool, has swept the education world in the past months. According to a US survey of more than 1, 000 students, over 89 percent of them have used ChatGPT to help with a h

56、omework task. Developed by US company Open AI, ChatGPT is a powerful tool. You can ask it to write stories and emails, create food menu, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. Some schools in the US, Australia and France have banned(禁止) the use of ChatGPT. In the US, for example, Ne

57、w York City public schools banned students and teachers from using ChatGPT on the districts networks and devices, CNN reported. The move comes out of worries that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on study. Some also worry that ChatGPT could be used to spread wrong information. “It

58、 does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are necessary for academic and lifelong success,” said Jenna Lyle, the deputy press secretary of the New York City Department of Education. Apart from bans, teachers are making changes to their classes to stop the use of ChatGPT. So

59、me college teachers in the US try to include more speaking exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones, The New York Times reported. However, not all educators say “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are drafting(起草) policies on its use, for both students and teachers. They have no pl

60、ans to completely ban the tool so far. Bhaskar Vira, headmaster for education at the University of Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not wise. “We have to know that AI is a tool people will use,” he told Varsity, the school newspaper of the university. What we need

61、to do is “adapt our learning, teaching and examinations”. That way, we can “have integrity(诚信) while recognizing the use of the tool”.25Some schools in the US banned the use of ChatGPT because _.Ait takes the place of teachersBstudents may use it to cheat on homeworkCit rarely provides correct infor

62、mationDit takes up most of the districts networks26Jenna Lyle thinks that _.AChatGPT might offer the wrong informationBChatGPT is so far the smartest AI chat-bot toolCChatGPT is not good for developing students mindsDChatGPT is necessary for academic and lifelong success27Which opinion is NOT mentio

63、ned in the article?AUsing ChatGPT makes students lazy in thinking.BThe complete ban on using ChatGPT is not wise.CChatGPT will completely change present education.DChatGPT may be used for both teachers and students.28The passage is probably from _.ACultural exchangeBHealth and dietCSports and fitnes

64、sDScience and education（2023江苏常州统考二模）A few years ago, I saw an exhibition (展览) of Pablo Picassos sculptures. Maybe, because he thought of himself as a painter first, he was freer to play with the art of sculpture. For example, what can you do with a pair of bicycle handlebars (把手) and a saddle (车座)?

65、 The Spanish artist turned them into a “bull” (公牛). The exhibition brought to mind Picassos famous quote (引语), “Every child is an artist.”. The problem is how to remain an artist once we grow up.Im a writer and illustrator (插画画家) of childrens books. Sometimes, I go into schools and read my stories t

66、o children. I also draw with them. I show them how to draw the characters in my books. These children draw after me. Their drawings, however, always make mine seem lifeless. Im always surprised by them. Children just put their ideas out there. They do not overthink. Adults worry about how other peop

67、le judge (评价) them. They often think a lot before putting pen to paper.Recently, Ive been working with a primary school. I see six-year-olds expressing themselves freely through their drawings. However, when they leave at the age of eleven, many of them feel uncomfortable about the act of drawing. T

68、hey have learned that there is a “right” way to draw, and a “wrong” way. There isnt. The most important thing is to draw and to express yourself through you work.Pieasso painted and sculpted like a child. He expressed himself freely. He cared little about what other people thought of him. Perhaps th

69、is is why his paintings and sculptures are still popular today.29What was Pablo Picasso?AA painter.BA sculptorCA writerDBoth A and B30Which of the following opinions may the writer support?AEvery child will be an artist when he grows up.BChildren should learn what is a “right” way to draw or a “wron

70、g” way.CEvery child is born to be an artist and we should stay true to the artistic talent.DWhen children are at the age of eleven, they will never draw well.31Why is the writer surprised by the childrens drawings?ABecause the children draw after himBBecause the childrens drawings seem lifelessCBeca

71、use the children worry about others judgementDBecause the children just put their ideas out there without overthinking32Which of the following is true according to the passageAPablo Picasso was not free to play with the art of sculptureBPablo Picassos works are not popular todayCThere is a “right” w

72、ay and a “wrong” way to drawDIt is important to express ourselves freely through our drawings（2023江苏扬州模拟预测）Should Children Be Allowed to Get Bored?Children need time to stand and stare. They should be allowed to get bored so that they can develop their ability to be creative. Children are expected b

73、y their parents to be reading a textbook all the time. However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity. Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her

74、in developing her mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things to do, Syal often talked with her neighbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes. “But importantly, I thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time w

75、ith short stories and poems she made up. Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing c

76、louds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely. Dr Belton is an expert on the effects of emotions on learning. “Boredom could be an uncomfortable feeling,” she said. “But some young people cannot deal with that boredom creativel

77、y. So sometimes they may break a classroom window, or drive a car out for a mad race.” Usually, when children have nothing to do, they would turn on the TV, the computer, or the phone. Their time on these things has increased, yet they need to have time to think about their experiences through play

78、or just watching the world around them. It is this kind of thinking that can inspire the imagination. On the other hand, the TV or phone may cut short the thinking process. That can be harmful to the development of creativity. “For developing the ability to be creative,” Dr. Belton advised, “Perhaps

79、 we need to stand and stare, and stay off-line from time to time.”阅读短文，据此完成下列小题。33What does the word “hamper” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? ASlow down.BKeep up with.CGo beyond.DGive rise to.34The writer talks about Syal and Perry to _.Astress the great differences between themBintroduce a popular wr

80、iter and a famous artistCsuggest good ways of going through boredomDshow effects of boredom on developing creativity35“off-line” here means _.Anot wait in lineBnot want to stand in lineCnot connected to a computer networkDnot on a regular route of a transportation system36What can we learn from the

81、passage?ABoredom provides children with space to think freelyBIts much better for children to be busy than be boredCBoredom helps children deal with difficulties properlyDIts boring for children to think about their experiences（2023江苏一模）You have tried too hard but you dont succeed; youve made all yo

82、ur efforts but you dont get the results you want. What should you do? Give up and turn over a new page. Drop it like its hot, and run in the opposite direction as fast as you can.Do you feel surprised? What is wrong with giving up? Oh yes, we all have been trained and asked to work hard to achieve o

83、ur dreams, and that is a good thing. The problem comes out when all these inspirational quotes (励志名言) start confusing us.These messages tell people not to give up, but they dont tell you that it should only apply to (适用于) your true dreams. They tell people to “try and try again” until they succeed,

84、but that amount of effort should only be put toward what people really want in life and they should never give up no matter what life goals they have. The rest is all just there to confuse you, distract (使分心) you, give you a headache and sadness, so dont let it happen.If you are really not good at s

85、omething, give it up and try to do something you like. Once you do something you like, you wont feel bored and also wont give it up. You know clearly what you want even the road to success is hard. So you need to know what youre good at. To find your talent, you need to observe (观察) the things aroun

86、d you and write down the things youre interested in on your notebook. Then you can search them on the Internet and know more about them. Asking your parents or friends for help is also a good idea because they can see something you cant. They can help you know yourself clearly.Try to discover your t

87、alent, your ability and your skills. Find out what you are good at, what makes you happy and then work on it. If you do, no one would have to tell you or inspire you not to give up because when you love something, you keep trying until you get it right and the enthusiasm flows from within. Dont worr

88、y about what people will say or think. Its your life, so you have to love it and be your own boss.37Inspirational quotes are suitable for those who _.Aare successfulBhave no life goalsChave true dreamsDnever give up38Once you find something you like, you wont _.Aachieve your dreamsBfeel bored or giv

89、e upCknow yourself clearlyDcontinue it39You can discover your talent through some ways except _.Aobserving the things around you.Bsearching things on the InternetCwriting down the things youre interested inDasking your teachers for help40The underlined word “enthusiasm” in the passage means _.Ahappi

90、nessBcuriosityCabilityDsadness（2023江苏扬州统考二模）Screaming（尖叫）and crying is common among children but its often seen as a problem that should be stopped. What if that wasnt true?“Until above the age of 12, kids dont necessarily have the ability to stop themselves from crying or screaming when theyre unha

91、ppy,” says Greg Oliver at Henry Ford Medical Center in Troy. “Frustration（沮丧）is a form of energy, so it does need to come out,” he says. “I would encourage them to scream.”“Screaming, after all, is a good form of getting frustration out as long as it doesnt include cursing（咒骂）,” Oliver says.“Once th

92、ey are over 12, they really should have the skills to control themselves a little bit.” says Oliver.“Anyone under 13, its somewhat understandable for them to be frustrated when they cant deal with a problem,” he says.“A common mistake is to try to avoid making a scene in public,” Oliver says. Rememb

93、er that your long-term goal as a parent is your childs emotional stability（情绪稳定）. “The parents have to keep in mind that theyre working on a long-term basis here. If they think about other peoples feelings in public, theyre going to lose the chance to teach their kid a lifelong skill that theyre goi

94、ng to need,” he says. “What other people might judge or think is not as important as how their kid turns out after 18 years.”So what should parents do when their kids start screaming? Let their children realize that they can work through it.“The kids really need to realize, feeling bad is not terrib

95、le, I can work through this, rather than how I can get out of it right away,” Oliver says. Thats not to say that parents should stand by doing nothing, though. A parent might say, “I know this is hard for you.”“The parents kind of guide them through the screaming rather than expect it to end,” Olive

96、r says.“Dont tell them its no big deal,” Oliver says.“If parents can successfully get through it, thats really healthier than getting the kid to suddenly shut it down in five minutes,” he says.41What is Olivers advice for kids over 12?AFeel free to scream.BBe ready to accept help.CTry not to show th

97、eir frustration.DLearn about self-control.42If parents try to end kids screaming quickly, it may _.Acause long-term harmBteach kids a lifelong skillChurt other peoples feelingsDhelp kids get their frustration out43What should parents do when their kids scream?AStand by doing nothing.BShow them how t

98、o end quickly.CGuide them through the screaming.DTell them its nothing serious.44What is the best title for the text?AWhy Do Kids Scream?BShould We Stop Kids Screaming?CHow Can People Be Good Parents?DWhat Do Kids Do When Theyre Frustrated?（2023江苏一模）In many countries, schools have long summer holida

99、ys, with shorter holidays in between. However, a new report suggests reducing the length of school holidays to stop children forgetting what they have learned during the long summer break. Instead of three school terms, it says, “There should be five eight-week terms. There would be just four weeks

100、off in the summer, with a two-week break between the other terms. The annual (每年的) amount of holiday time would remain the same.”Sonia Montero has two children at primary school and works full time. She supports the idea. “The kids,” she says, “have much longer holidays than me and I cant afford to

101、take several weeks off work, so I need someone to take care of them. But nobody wants the work in the summer monthsthey all have holidays of their own.”Not surprisingly, some young people disagree. Student Jason Panos, says, “Its a stupid idea. I really cant imagine staying at school in the summerId

102、 hate it. Its totally unfair, too. The people who suggest this had long school holidays when they were young. But now they want to stop us enjoying the summer. They only need to look at places like Spain and America, where they have much longer holidays than here. The kids there dont forget everythi

103、ng theyve learned in a couple of months, do they?”Nadia Salib, 14, agrees. “Sure,” she says, “the first week at school after the summer is never easy, but you soon get back into it. The real problem round here is that kids get bored after so many weeks out of school, and then some of them start caus

104、ing trouble. But the answer is to give them something to do in their free time, not make everyone stay in school longer. We all hate that.”45Why does Sonia prefer shorter school holidays?AShe thinks that middle school holidays are too long.BShe doesnt get any summer holidays in her present job.CShe

105、cant get anyone to look after her children in summer.DShe cant afford to pay someone to look after her children.46What does Jason say about long summer holidays?ASchools in other countries dont have them. BThey can help children forget about school.CThese days many older people have them too. DThey

106、have no influence on childrens education.47What does Nadia say about young people in summer?AThey need something to do to enrich themselves.BLong holidays are very bad for their education.CThey would like to spend more time at school.DThey behave badly when they go back to school.48Which of the foll

107、owing sentences best explains the article?ATheyve changed all the school terms and some students are getting very angry about itBSome people want to change the school year but not everyone thinks its a good idea.CEveryones against the idea of shortening the summer holidays so theyve decided to forge

108、t the idea.DTeenagers are very worried because there are going to be fewer school holidays in the year.参考答案：1B 2C 3D【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了固定型思维和成长型思维的区别，告诉我们应该更注重后天努力，而不是与生俱来的智力才能。1推理判断题。根据“Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didnt try very hard the next time”及“The first group of s

109、tudents was learning that they had a set amount of skill. They didnt think they could do any better. This is called a fixed mindset（思维模式）.”可知，文章介绍了拥有固定型思维模式的学生在面对一项任务时，如果受到了夸赞表扬，那么下一次他们就不会再继续努力了，故可推知拥有固定型思维的人获得成功的机会较小。故选B。2推理判断题。根据表格最后一行Challenges中“Things that help you learn”可知，拥有成长型思维的人会把挑战视为可以帮助他们

110、学习的事情。故选C。3推理判断题。根据第二段“Psychologists（心理学家）looked at what students did after they were given different types of praise. Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didnt try very hard the next time. Other students were told that they had worked hard at a task. They worked even harder

111、the next time.”可知，文章第二段介绍了两组不同的学生在接受不同表扬后的行为表现，说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同；故文章通过对比事实来组织文章中心思想。故选D。4C 5D 6C 7C 8A【分析】本文讲述了一位在中国生活的加拿大人谈论如何与外国人建立和保持友谊，他认为要把外国人当作人，而不是机会，才能一步一步地建立友谊。4细节理解题。根据第一段“As a Canadian living in China for a year”可知，作者来自加拿大，故选C。5细节理解题。根据第一段“I was curious to see what kind of advice a Chines

112、e writer giving on this matter”可知，作者对这本书很感兴趣，是因为他想知道一位中国作家在这个问题上给出了什么样的建议，故选D。6细节理解题。根据第二段“ In the writers opinion, foreigners are an opportunity to improve your oral English; whenever you see a foreigner, American or English, you should practise speaking English with him or her.”可知，书的作者认为外国人是提高你英语口

113、语的“机会”，每当你见到外国人，你应该和他或她练习说英语，故选C。7细节理解题。根据第二段“One piece of advice really caught my attention and, I must say, made me feel quite angry.”以及第四段“However, I have also met many Chinese people who consider me only as an opportunity to improve their oral English.”可知，这里作者用了三次“I have had”，因为他想表明他是多么讨厌被当作“机会”

114、来对待，故选C。8词句猜测题。根据前一句“Expect to make friendships step by step, over a period of time, not in a rush.”可知，这里作者想告诉我们要一步一步地建立友谊，在一段时间内，不要匆忙，真正的友谊经得起时间的考验的，故选A。9B 10A 11A 12C【分析】这是一篇议论文，文章讲述手机应用程序介绍艺术作品的一些历史信息，给人们灌输一些令人惊喜的信息帮助欣赏艺术作品这种想法是错误的，艺术作品的欣赏最好是隐藏在神秘中，就像在荒野里的旅行一样。9推理判断题。根据第四段“It is a mistaken idea t

115、hat you need to be spoon-fed amazing facts about a work of art in order to appreciate it .Our first experience of a work of art should be raw, unguided, and a bit puzzling, like following a path in the woods”为了欣赏作品需要灌输一些关于艺术作品的事实这种想法是错误的。对艺术的体验应该是生的，没有指导的，有一点迷惑的，就像走在树林的小路上，最后一段“Art is a journey in t

116、he wilderness or it is nothing at all”艺术是在荒野里的旅行。可知作者主要想表达的是艺术最好被隐藏在神秘中。故选B。10词义猜测题。根据“enjoy an app that allows them to show off their knowledge”喜欢一种应用程序来炫耀他们的知识，可知braggarts的含义是喜欢炫耀的人。故选A。11段落大意题。根据“Our first experience of a work of art should” 以及“Later, you might choose”可知第四段主语讲述怎样去欣赏艺术作品，为了欣赏作品需要灌

117、输一些关于艺术作品的事实这种想法是错误的。对艺术的体验应该是自然状态的，没有指导的，有一点迷惑的，就像走在树林的小路上；然后你还可以选择对艺术作品做一些研究，能进一步增加对艺术的欣赏。故选A。12推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Later, you might choose to do some personal research into the work. It can further increase your enjoyment and appreciation for it”选择对艺术作品做一些研究，能进一步增加对艺术的欣赏，及最后一段“let your intuitions fly o

118、ff”让你的直觉飞出来。可知研究和直觉都能帮助理解艺术。故选C。13C 14D 15D 16A【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了期望过高的好处与坏处。通过举例子，引导人们要对自己或他人要抱有切合实际的期望。13细节理解题。根据原文“youll probably hear your family and friends say “go big or go home. They think you should set high expectations. ”可知，当家人朋友说“要么出众，要么出局”时，他们是在鼓励你抱有更高的期望。故选C。14细节理解题。根据原文“But if your exp

119、ectations are too high to realize, it can be bad.The findings of a study showed that some students were under serious stress because they wanted to be perfect.”和后文的一些实例可知，一些学生有压力是因为期望过高而无法实现导致的。故选D。15细节理解题。根据原文“To avoid this situation, you should set your expectations realistically (切合实际地).”可知，要想避免失

120、望，就应该对他人抱有切合实际的期望。故选D。16最佳标题题。全文都是在论述关于高期望的利与弊。故选A。17A 18D 19C 20B【导语】本文讨论了聊天机器人工具ChatGPT在教育领域中的使用情况，包括一些学校和教育机构对其使用的担忧和禁止，以及一些教育机构对其使用的支持。17细节理解题。根据第四段的“The move comes out of worries that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on assignments.”可知此举是出于对该工具可能使学生更容易在作业中作弊的担忧。故选A。18细节理解题。根据

121、第六段的“It does not build critical-thinking(批判性思维) and problem-solving skills, which are necessary for academic(学术的) and lifelong success,”可知它没有建立批判性思维和解决问题的能力，这是学术和终身成功所必需的，选项D“使用ChatGPT不利于培养学生的思维”符合。故选D。19细节理解题。根据第七段的“Apart from bans, teachers are making changes to their classes to block the use of C

122、hatGPT. Some college teachers in the US try to include more speaking exams and handwritten on papers instead of typed ones.”可知除了禁令之外，教师们还对他们的班级课程进行更改，以阻止使用 ChatGPT。美国的一些大学教师试图包括更多的口语考试和卷面考试，而不是要打字的试卷。因此a和c符合。故选C。20细节理解题。根据第六段“It does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills”可知，它没有建立批判性

123、思维和解决问题的能力，因此会让学生思考变得懒惰，选项A有提及；根据最后一段“bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not wise”可知，完全禁止ChatGPT是不明智的决定，因此选项C有提及；根据最后一段“We have to know that AI is a tool people will use”可知，我们必须知道人工智能是人们将使用的工具，因此是能供老师和学生使用，选项D有提及。选项B“ChatGPT将彻底改变目前的教育”文章中没有提到。故选B。21D 22B 23A 24C【导语】本文作者论述了释放自我提升能力的力量是在一切都变得最糟糕的时候，

124、因此作者认为迎接生活中的变化，才能把它变得更好。享受释放自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始变得轻松快乐。21推理判断题。根据“We see the warning signs and signals when things get rough and difficult.”可知，第2段主要告诉我们，当事情变得艰难时，我们会看到警告信号。也就是说，我们在经历痛苦时才会吸取了教训。故选D。22推理判断题。根据“Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought

125、 that is just the way we are.”可知，释放我们自我提升的力量意味着把我们自己从思维的盒子里解放出来。因此，要解决简的问题，要建议她把自己从思维的盒子里解放出来。故选B。23篇章结构题。文章第一段指出：我们唯一想释放自我提升能力的时候，是在一切都变得最糟糕的时候。第二、三段通过例子再次说明：我们大多数人唯一一次学会释放自我提升的力量是在整个世界分崩离析的时候。第四至六段说明释放自我提升的力量的重要性及方法。第七段总结全文并告诉我们：只有当我们享受释放自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始变得轻松快乐。因此选项A的篇章结构符合本文内容。故选A。24观点态度题。

126、根据“Happy people dont just accept change; they welcome it.”可知，快乐的人不仅仅接受改变；他们对此表示欢迎。也就是说，作者认为，如果你欢迎生活中的变化，你会让它变得更好。故选C。25B 26C 27C 28D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章讨论了聊天机器人工具ChatGPT在教育领域中的使用情况，包括一些学校和教育机构对其使用的担忧和禁止，以及一些教育机构对其使用的支持。25细节理解题。根据第四段“The move comes out of worries that the tool could make it easier for s

127、tudents to cheat on study. ”可知，此举是出于对该工具可能使学生更容易在学习中作弊的担忧。故选B。26细节理解题。根据第五段“It does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are necessary for academic and lifelong success,”可知，詹娜莱尔认为ChatGPT没有建立批判性思维和解决问题的能力，而这些能力对于学术和终身的成功是必要的，使用ChatGPT对培养学生的思维没有好处。故选C。27推理判断题。根据第五段“It does not

128、 build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills”可知，ChatGPT会使学生们变懒；根据最后一段“.that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not wise”可知，完全禁止ChatGPT是不明智的决定；根据最后一段“We have to know that AI is a tool people will use”可知，ChatGPT是相当有用的工具。选项C“ChatGPT将彻底改变目前的教育。”文章中没有提到。故选C。28推理判断题。根据第一段“ChatGPT, a smart AI chat

129、-bot tool, has swept the education world in the past months.”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讨论了聊天机器人ChatGPT与学校教育的关系，这与“科学与教育”相关。故选D。29D 30C 31D 32D【导语】本文主要论述了每个孩子生来就是艺术家，但是长大后如何保持艺术家的身份。29细节理解题。根据第一段“A few years ago, I saw an exhibition of Pablo Picassos sculptures. Maybe, because he thought of himself as a painter

130、first, he was freer to play with the art of sculpture.”可知，毕加索既是一个画家，又是一个雕塑家，故选D。30推理判断题。根据第一段“The exhibition brought to mind Picassos famous quote, Every child is an artist. The problem is how to remain an artist once we grow up.”可知，作者认为每个孩子生来就是艺术家，我们应该忠于自己的艺术天赋，故选C。31细节理解题。根据第二段“Im always surprised

131、 by them. Children just put their ideas out there. They do not overthink.”可知，作家对孩子们的画感到惊讶是因为孩子们只是不假思索地把自己的想法表达出来，故选D。32细节理解题。根据第三段“The most important thing is to draw and to express yourself through you work.”可知，通过绘画自由表达自己是很重要的，故选D。33A 34D 35C 36A【导语】本文主要讲述了无聊给孩子们提供了自由思考的空间，可以培养孩子的创造力。33词义猜测题。根据“How

132、ever, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity.”可知，无聊可以给孩子们培养创造力的机会，while表示形成对比，因此此处是指研究表明保持忙碌这种做法是对孩子想象力的培养有阻碍作用的，因此hamper与“slow down”意思相近。故选A。34推理判断题。根据“but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had hel

133、ped her in developing her mind.”及“Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely.”可知，Syal和Perry的共同点是无聊时做自己喜欢的事情，这有助于开发他们的智力和创造力，因此作者谈论他们是为了表明无聊对开发创

134、造力的影响。故选D。35词义猜测题。根据“On the other hand, the TV or phone may cut short the thinking process. That can be harmful to the development of creativity. For developing the ability to be creative, Dr. Belton advised, Perhaps we need to stand and stare, and stay off-line from time to time.”可知，电视或手机也许会缩短思考的过程

135、，不利于创造力的培养。为了培养创造力，也许我们需要站着凝视，时不时地保持离线状态。此处的off-line应表示远离网络。故选C。36推理判断题。根据“They should be allowed to get bored so that they can develop their ability to be creative.”及文中作者列举的事例可知，无聊可以为孩子们提供自由思考的空间。故选A。37C 38B 39D 40A【导语】本文主要讲述了当我们努力工作却不能实现梦想时，就不能为所谓的励志名言所困惑，应该要懂得放弃，重新开始，试着做自己喜欢的事，努力发现自己的天赋、能力和技能，坚持努

136、力，做好自我。37细节理解题。根据“These messages tell people not to give up, but they dont tell you that it should only apply to (适用于) your true dreams”可知，励志名言适合那些有真正梦想的人。故选C。38细节理解题。根据“Once you do something you like, you wont feel bored and also wont give it up”可知，一旦你做了你喜欢的事情，你就不会感到无聊，也不会放弃。故选B。39细节理解题。根据“To find

137、your talent, you need to observe (观察) the things around you and write down the things youre interested in on your notebook. Then you can search them on the Internet and know more about them”和“Asking your parents or friends for help is also a good idea”可知，要发现你的天赋，你需要观察你周围的事情，并把你感兴趣的事情写在笔记本上，然后你可以在互联网

138、上搜索它们，了解更多关于它们的信息。同时，向你的父母或朋友寻求帮助也是一个好主意。而不是向老师寻求帮助。故选D。40词句猜测题。根据“If you do, no one would have to tell you or inspire you not to give up because when you love something, you keep trying until you get it right and the enthusiasm flows from within”可知，当你喜欢一件事的时候，你会一直尝试，直到你把它做好，热情从内心涌动，故此处划线单词应意为“热情、开心

139、、喜悦”。故选A。41D 42A 43C 44B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了孩子在公共场所哭闹尖叫时，家长是不是应该立即制止他们。41细节理解题。根据“Once they are over 12, they really should have the skills to control themselves a little bit.”可知，Oliver建议12岁以上的孩子学会自我控制。故选D。42推理判断题。根据“Remember that your long-term goal as a parent is your childs emotional stability(情绪稳定

140、）.”和“What other people might judge or think is not as important as how their kid turns out after 18 years.”可知，如果孩子尖叫被家长迅速制止，会对孩子造成长期的伤害。故选A。43细节理解题。根据“The parents kind of guide them through the screaming rather than expect it to end,”可知，家长在孩子哭闹期间要引导他们。故选C。44标题归纳题。根据“Screaming(尖叫） and crying is commo

141、n among children but its often seen as a problem that should be stopped. What if that wasnt true?”可知，文章主要探讨了孩子尖叫时，我们是否应该阻止他们尖叫。故选B。45C 46D 47A 48B【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了有人建议缩短暑假延长学生在校学习时间，对此不同的人有不同的观点。45细节理解题。根据“I need someone to take care of them. But nobody wants the work in the summer monthsthey all hav

142、e holidays of their own.”可知，Sonia同意缩短学生暑假假期，只要是因为暑假没有人帮助她带孩子。故选C。46推理判断题。根据“They only need to look at places like Spain and America, where they have much longer holidays than here. The kids there dont forget everything theyve learned in a couple of months, do they?”可知，西班牙和美国的学生假期也很长，但是他们并没有忘记所学的内容，所以说Jason认为长的暑假对学生并没有太大的影响。故选D。47推理判断题。根据“But the answer is to give them something to do in their free time, not make everyone stay in school longer.”（但答案是让他们在空闲时间做点事情，而不是让每个人都在学校待得更久。）可知，Nadia认为他们需要做些事情来充实自己。故选A。48推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章开头提出缩短假期的建议，第二段介绍了家长支持的看法，第三段介绍了学生反对的观点，由此可以推断人们对此提议有不同的观点。故选B。