张家界市2016高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练（11）及答案.doc

1、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 F. Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24, 1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St. Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton. University for a short while. In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his futur

2、e wife Zelda Sayre. Then he had to make some money to impress her. His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary: “My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and ta

3、ke down parts of it in my diary.” KS*5U.C#O%This side of paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920. Encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned (1922), a collection of short stories Thales of the Jaz

4、z Age (1922), and a play The Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, which quick brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sa

5、d Young Men.However, Fitzgeralds problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing. During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic. During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The Love of the

6、Last Tycoon in 1940. While his wife was in hospital in the United States, he got totally addicted to alcohol. Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight his alcoholism. KS*5U.C( ) 1. How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage?A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8( ) 2. Which of the follo

7、wing is the correct order to describe Fitzgeralds life according to the passage?a. He became addicted to drinking.b. He studied at St. Paul Academy. c. He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.d. The Great Gatsby won high praise.e. He failed to reorder his life.f. He joined the army and me

8、t Zelda.A. f-c-e-a-b-d B. b-e-a-f-c-d C. f-d-e-c-b-a D. b-f-c-d-e-a( ) 3. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald .A. had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama.B. was well educated and well off before he served in the armyC. would have completed more works if his wife hadnt broken downD

9、. helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital( ) 4. The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about .A. Zeldas personal lifeB. Zeldas illness and treatmentC. Fitzgeralds friendship with GrahamD. Fitzgeralds contributions to the literary world 【语篇解读】本片文章为记叙文，

10、主要讲述了英国著名文学家弗兰西斯司各特菲茨杰拉德的生平、生活及其重要作品1.答案A。【解析】细节理解题。据题意，由文章中关键词novel可知，文章中提及到的弗兰西斯司各特菲茨杰拉德的小说有：This side of paradise，The Beautiful and Damned，The Great Gatsby，Tender Is the Night and The love of the last Tycoon，共计5篇。故选A项2.答案D。KS*5U.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“was once a student of St. Paul AcademyIn 1917 he j

11、oined the army”可知弗兰西斯司各特菲茨杰拉德先在圣保罗学院学习，然后参加的军队。由此可知答案应为D项3.答案C。【解析】推理判断题。由第四段第一句“However, Fitzgeralds problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing”可以判断出C项4.答案D。KS*5U.C【解析】推理判断题。根据人物传记的特点和本段对菲茨杰拉德生活、作品的描述，说明了菲茨杰拉德的作品对学界的意义，因此最后总结的一段是关于菲茨杰拉德对文学界的贡献的。故选D项阅读理解。Some people think that success is only

12、 for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family，and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck.Im not going to say luck，talent，and circumstances dont come into play because they do.Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence，and

13、 thats just the reality of how life is.However，to succeed in life，one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical.And，in addition to that，in order to get really good at something，one needs to spend at least 10，000 hours studying and practising.To become great at certain thing

14、s，itll require even more time，time that most people wont put in.This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you dont enjoy what you do，it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.When you se

15、e people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success，you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost.Its sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent，but thinking that way does you no good，and theres a huge chan

16、ce that youre wrong anyway.Whatever you do，if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out，almost to the point of addiction，and over a long period of time.If youre not willing to put in the time and work，dont expect to receive any rewards.Consistent, hard work wont guarantee y

17、ou the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.31Paragraph 1 mainly talks about _Athe reasons for successBthe meaning of successCthe standards of successDthe importance of success32In Paragraph 2，the underline

18、d word that refers to _Abeing good at somethingBsetting a practical goalCputting in more timeDsucceeding in life33Successful people suggest doing what one loves because _Awork makes one feel painBone tends to enjoy his workCone gives up his work easilyDit takes a lot of time to succeed34What can we

19、infer from Paragraph 4?ASuccessful people like to show their great skills.BPeople sometimes succeed without luck or talent.CPeople need to achieve success at the cost of life.DIt helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.35What is the main theme of the passage?AHaving a goal is vital to su

20、ccess.BBeing good is different from being great.COne cannot succeed without time and practice.DLuck，talent and family help to achieve success.【要点综述】 人人都渴望成功，成功有时或许和天赋、运气和家境有关，但是缺少了长期辛勤的付出，成功就会成为无稽之谈。31A 段落大意题。这一部分向我们分析了一个人成功的因素：luck, talent, and circumstances。32B 代词指代题。上一句说的是要想成功需要做的第一个方面：“set a goa

21、lmake it more practical”。由此可知答案。33D细节理解题。题干关键词为：Successful people suggest(对应文章中的advise)。第三段的第一句话 “This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love.”中的this，就是指的上文的“To become great at certain things, itll require even more time, time that most people wont put in.”由此可

22、知答案。34B推理判断题。在这一段里作者告诉我们：Its sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent，但接着又说：but thinking that way does you no good。由此可以看出，有时候人的成功是靠运气和天赋的，但是如果我们这样认为对我们是没有好处的。由此可推知答案。35C主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章首先向我们分析了成功的因素，怎样才能成功，同时也剖析了对成功的一些错误的认识，最后一段总结全文，概括了主题，告诉我们成功需要日复一日(work day

23、in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time)的努力和辛勤的工作(hard work)。由此可知答案。【四川省凉山州2014第二次诊断性测试】 阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Many of us dream of having thousands and thousands of dollar to spend on what we desireWe can buy lottery tickets, enter contests

24、 or spend hours building a business or invest in thestock market. We are sure that when we have plenty of money, we will be happy While having some money does have an impact on our level of happiness, having a lot ofmoney does not. It is reported that Americans whose income goes from $20,000 a year

25、to $50,000a year are more likely to be happy. But beyond $50,000, happiness does not increase as salariesgo up. It is because we are never satisfied. Catherine Sanderson, a psychology professor atAmherst College says, We always think if we just had a little more money, wed be happier. Butwhen we get

26、 there, we are not. Daniel Gilbert, a psychology professor at Harvard notes,The more you make, the more youwant. The more you have, the less it brings you joy. We incorrectly assume weIl get morepleasure from more, and we dont. The things money can buy dont make you happy either. A lot of research s

27、uggests that youwont find the good life buying expensive toys. You finally buy that BMW youve alwayswanted and it soon loses its appeal. Then, instead of wondering if a new car is what really makesyou happy, you decide you just need a different new car. It is an endless cycle. To really be happy, yo

28、u need to understand what makes you happy in the first place. Onesecret of happiness is people. Surveys have found that people need people. Those who have five ormore close friends are 50% more likely to describe themselves as very happy. Good relationshipshave a far greater effect on happiness than

29、 larger salary. Andrew Oswald, an economist atEnglands University of Warwick says, B you are looking for happiness in life, find the righthusband or wife rather than trying to double your salary. So invest your time and energy in people. The reward is much bigger in terms of happiness!31In Paragraph

30、 1 the author intends to tell us the belief that A. we are unhappy because we often lack money B. people can buy what they want if they have enough money C. more money will make ones dreams come true D. happiness will result from more money32. Which of the following statements would the author agree

31、 to? A. Having some money brings happiness to some degree. B. The more money one earns, the sadder one becomes C. Buying expensive things will surely bring pleasure D. We get nothing from buying expensive things we want.33. Why does happiness not increase with pay rises? A. Most of us have a psychol

32、ogical problem. B. People are not content with what they get. C. It is human nature to be unhappy. D. Happiness has nothing to do with money.34. In order to find happiness we should A. always make new friends B. take no notice of our salariesC. focus on good relationships D. invest our money in our

33、friend 【参考答案】3134、DABC 阅读理解。One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family，”

34、 he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and Im very worried about him. Can you help？” I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesnt have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing

35、 one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically. The first two times we met, David didnt say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the childrens drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon

36、in complete silence and without looking at me. Its not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice. Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he

37、 enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me? “Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with，” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly. “Its your turn，” he said. After that day, David star

38、ted talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life. Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that onewithout any wordscan re

39、ach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.36When he first met the author, David _ A. felt a little excitedB. walked energeticallyC. looked a little nervousD. showed up with his teacher37As a psychologist, the author _A. was read

40、y to listen to DavidB. was skeptical about psychologyC. was able to describe Davids problemD. was sure of handling Davids problem38David enjoyed being with the author because he_Awanted to ask the author for adviceBneeded to share sorrow with the author Cliked the childrens drawings in the officeDbe

41、at the author many times in the chess game39What can be inferred about David?AHe recovered after months of treatment.BHe liked biking before he lost his family.CHe went into university soon after starting to talk.DHe got friends in school before he met the author. 40What made David change?AHis teach

42、ers help.BThe authors friendship.CHis exchange of letters with the author.DThe authors silent communication with him.【要点综述】 对于一个自闭的孩子，心理医生最好的疗法或许就是默默地和他一块感受他的痛苦36C 细节理解题。由第一段的“and his hands shaking slightly.”可以看出，第一次见面时David有点紧张。37A细节理解题。由第二段的“Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly

43、and sympathetically.”可以看出，他已准备好了聆听。38B细节理解题。在第五段中，作者对小男孩愿意来找他的原因进行了猜测：“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with，” I thought.“Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”由此可知答案。39A推理判断题。经过作者的治疗，David已经恢复了正常：started talking, got friends in school and joined a bicycle club，同时给作者写信描述了自

44、己目前的生活以及对将来生活的打算。由此可知答案。40D细节理解题。由文章可知，是作者的正确治疗方法，才使David恢复得那么好。他的方法就是：is to listen openly and sympathetically，具体的做法就是默默地和他下棋。【2014高考英语河南省开封市一模】 (共5小题 ;每小题 2分 ,满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（选项中有两项为多余选项），并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Some Simple Keys to Transform Your Life The Power of choice Every one of us mak

45、es countless choices every day. Every choice we make has an impact on our lives. 71 When hunger strikes, we can reach for a healthy, nutritious snack, or we can choose the sugar high of junk food. The more important the decision, the greater its effect. For instance, how d01 act towards that person

46、who treated me badly? Do I generally choose to be passive, or do I actively set clear intentions and create what l want in my life? Every choice we make, however big or small, affects us in some way. 72 If you are interested in living a richer, fuller life, there is a foundation upon which you can b

47、ase all of your decisions which can make life better not only for you, but also for those around you. This foundation is to choose based on whats best for all. Imagine a world where every parent, friend, teacher, business person, and politician truly did their best to choose whats best for all invol

48、ved in every decision they made. We would certainly live in a more caring, supportive world. Its the intention. 73 The answer is simple. It doesnt matter. The matter itself is not the choice you make, but rather the intention behind your choice. The key is that what decision you make. You are clear

49、in your intention of choosing based on whats best for all. If it later turns out that you seem to have made a bad choice, theres no need for guilt. Knowing that you did your best to choose with a sincere desire for whats best for all, your conscience stays clear and open. 74 Whats best for me, too!

50、Choosing whats best does not mean you have to always sacrifice yourself for others. Another example ,a very exhausted mother can lose her temper easily and then she may become ill so that she cant support her family without earning any money. 75 So as we move through each day of our lives, let us le

51、arn to care about ourselves as we do our best to choose whats best for others.A. How do you make choices?B. Discuss them together to choose your project.C. But how do I know what is really best?D. What is important is that we should pay attention to this presence.E. So it is very important for you t

52、o take good care of yourself.F. Even small or unimportant choices can affect what we experience and how we feel.G. This then allows you to improve your decision, and make a right one.【参考答案】7175FACGE【2014高考英语河南省洛阳市统考】（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When the music sounds, y

53、ou immediately reach your pocket to have a chat. But have you ever stopped to think about the manners related to talking on the phone? 71 Always give the person you are calling enough time to get to the phone before you hang up. _72 In this case, you should give your name and ask if you may speak to

54、 the person you want. 73 Phones must be turned off as soon as the plane doors are closed. And they remain turned off until the doors open again on arrival. 74 Finish any face-to-face business before taking a call. Continuing to use the phone while nodding to the person in front of you is quite impol

55、ite.If you go to a theater or a cinema, consider the other people around you. 75 If you are expecting a very important call, put your phone on “vibrate（振动）” and run for the exit as soon as you feel it. If you forget both “off” and “vibrate” and your phone rings, dont answer it return it off straight

56、 away.A. Its impolite to make a phone call when you axe having a meeting. B. Sometimes the person who answers is not the one you want. C. If you take a plane, remember to follow airline instructions. D. When face to face with someone, dont talk on the phone. E. Check that your phone is “off” before you enter. F. Stop using the phone if it disturbs the views. G. If not, here are some tips to guide you.【参考答案】7175、GBCDE