人教版八年级下册英语Unit 10 知识点语法归纳总结.docx

1、Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.1. 短语归纳 have a yard sale 举办庭院拍卖会 more than 多于 give away 赠送 not anymore/any longer 不再 a couple of 一双；几个 check out 察看；观察 clear out 清理；丢掉 grow up 长大 no longer 不再；不复 play with 和玩耍，玩弄 part with 放弃、交出（尤指不舍得的东西） as for 至于；关于 give up 放弃 to be honest 说实在的 even though

2、 即使 millions of 数百万 search for 寻找 according to 依据 across from 在对过 close to 几乎；接近2. 典句必背 How long have you had that bike over there? 你买那边的那辆自行车多长时间了? Because Ive had it since I was a baby. 因为我还是个婴儿的时候就拥有它了。 For example, he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played wit

3、h it almost everyweek until he was about seven. 比如，他从四岁生日起就拥有了火车和铁路套装玩具，他几乎每个星期都玩儿它，直到他七岁左右。 . but, to be honest,I have not played for a while now. 但是，说实在的，现在我已经有一段时间没玩了。 Nowadays ,millions of Chinese leave the countryside search for work in the cities. 现在，数以百万计的中国人离开农村去城市里找工作。 Many people like Zhon

4、g Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.许多像钟伟一样的人都带着极大兴趣关注着他们的家乡发生了怎样的变化。3. 用法集萃(1) How long have you had that bike over there? 你买那边的那辆自行车多长时间了?v 本句是how long引导的特殊疑问句，时态是现在完成时，结构是“How long+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他?”。how long表示“多长时间”，对时间段进行提问。例：How long have you lived in Beijing?F

5、or ten years. 十年了。辨析：how often, how soon, how long, how farhow often指“多久一次”，主要用来对频率进行提问。答语通常是usually、sometimes等频度副词以及once a week、twice a month等表示频度的短语。How often do you visit your mother?你多长时间看你妈妈一次?Once a week. 一周一次。how soon指“多久以后”，多用于一般将来时，答语通常为“in+时间段”。How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来?in an hour.

6、 一个小时以后。how long表示“多长时间”，主要对一段时间提问，答语通常用“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”。另外还可以表示某东西有多长。How long have you been away from your hometown? 你离开家乡多久了?For about five years. 大约5年了。How long is the Yellow River? 黄河有多长? About5,464 km. 大约5,464千米。how far指两地间的距离，意思是“多远”。How far is it from here to the zoo? 从这里到动物园有多远?Its abo

7、ut 6 kilometers. 大约6千米。(2) Because Ive had it since I was a baby. 因为我还是个婴儿的时候就拥有它了。v since是连词，意为“自从；.以来”，引导时间状语从句，从句多用一般过去时，主句多用现在完成时。例：He has skated for quite some time since we came here. 自从我们来到这儿，他已经滑冰很长时间了。She has been living a hard life since her husband died. 自从她丈夫死后，她一直过着艰苦的生活。v 拓展 since还可以用作

8、介词，后接名词或名词短语。例：Hes been off work since Tuesday. 自星期二以来他一直没上班。(3) For example, he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven. 比如，他从四岁生日起就拥有了火车和铁路套装玩具，他几乎每个星期都玩儿它，直到他七岁左右。v “ones+序数词+birthday”意为“某人.岁生日”。 “on ones+序数词+bi

9、rthday”是固定搭配，意为“在某人.岁生日时”。例：I received some presents on my tenth birthday. 我在十岁生日时收到了一些礼物。(4) . but, to be honest, I have not played for a while now.但是，说实在的，现在我已经有一段时间没玩了。v to be honest是不定式短语作插入语，意为“说实在的”。 类似短语有：to tell (you) the truth 说实话；to be frank 坦率地说例：To be honest, you cant pass the exam. 老实说，

10、你不能通过这次考试。v 拓展 同根词honest adj.诚实的honestly adv.诚实地注意：honest 虽然以辅音字母h开头，但h不发音，所以honest仍然是以元音音素开头的词，故其前的不定冠词用an。例：Everybody trusts him because he is an honest person.每个人都信任他，因为他是个诚实的人。honesty n.诚实 （-y是名词后缀）dishonest adj.不诚实的 （dis-是否定前缀） (5) Nowadays ,millions of Chinese leave the countryside search for

11、work in the cities. 现在，数以百万计的中国人离开农村去城市里找工作。v search 是不及物动词，意为“寻找，搜寻”。search还可以作及物动词。例：After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. 我们降落之后，飞机被彻底搜过了。v 拓展search“搜查，搜寻”，作及物动词，后面直接跟“被搜的对象”The policeman searched the prisoner to see if he had a gun. 警察对该囚犯搜身，看他是否有枪。search for当没有“被搜的对象”只有“寻找的目标”

12、时，则要用search forShe searched all the shops for Jims present. 她为了给吉姆买礼物，找遍了所有的商店。search.for.如果表示搜查某一对象的目的是要找什么时，要用search.for.，强调有具体的搜查对象且有具体的寻找目标All night they searched for Mike. 他们通宵寻找迈克。(6) Among these is Zhong Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father. 在这些人中，有一位46岁的丈夫和父亲钟伟。v 辨析：between, amongbetween作介词

13、，意为“在.中间”，一般指两者之间。I sat down between Sue and Jane.我在休和简中间坐了下来。among介词，指三者或三者以上之间。There is a small house among the tall trees. 在高大的树木中有一栋小房子。(7) Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.许多像钟伟一样的人都带着极大兴趣关注着他们的家乡发生了怎样的变化。v regard是动词，意为“将.认为；把.视为；看待”。常用结构：re

14、gard.as.“把.当作.；把.视为.”例：Our teachers regard us as fiends. 我们的老师把我们当作朋友。v 拓展 be regarded as “被看成.”例：She is widely be regarded as the current leaders natural successor. 人们普遍认为她是现任领导理所应当的继任者。4. 语法聚焦：现在完成时（III）v 本单元的语法重点仍然是现在完成时。在本单元的语法部分，我们总结一下现在完成时的注意事项。注意事项如果单纯表示一段时间，或强调一段时间，虽有since从句（一般过去时），主句也可以不用现在

15、完成时。It is two years since his father died.= His father has been dead for two years.他父亲已去世两年了。非延续性动词在完成的否定式中，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以表示动作的延续性。I havent left here since 1997. 自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。常见的非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换（指将一个非延续性动词转换成一个延续性动词）She left her hometown five years ago. 她五年前离开了她的家乡。She has been away from her hometown for five years. 她离开家乡有五年时间了。初中阶段常见的需要转换的动词有：leavebe away( from)beginbe onbuyhaveborrowkeepdiebe deadjoinbe a member+介词短语becomebeopenbe open( adj.)