寒假作业07名词-【寒假分层作业】2024年八年级英语寒假培优练（人教版）（解析版）.docx

1、限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业07 名词一、单项选择1My teacher gave me _ on my spoken English.Aan adviceBany advicesCsome advicesDsome advice【答案】D【详解】句意：我的老师给了我英语口语方面的建议。考查不可数名词以及数的表达。advice“建议”，是不可数名词，不能加复数，前不能用冠词，排除A、B、C。故选D。2Im busy now. Sam, please help me add _ to the vegetable soup.Atwo spoon of saltBtwo s

2、poons of saltCtwo spoons of saltsDtwo spoon of salts【答案】B【详解】句意：我现在很忙。山姆，请帮我在蔬菜汤里加两勺盐。考查不可数名词的数的表达。salt是不可数名词，不能加s，排除C、D；spoon是可数名词，two后加名词复数，排除A。故选B。3Im hungry. Please give me _ .Atwo turkey sandwichBthree turkey sandwichesCtwo turkeys sandwichDthree turkeys sandwiches【答案】B【详解】句意：我饿了。请给我三个火鸡三明治。考查名

3、词复数。turkey sandwich“火鸡三明治”，是复合名词，中心词是sandwich，所以复数只在中心词上变复数就可以，结合选词可知，此处名词应用复数形式，故选B。4_ the way to the shopping centre, I met a friend of _.AOn；myBIn；myCIn； mineDOn；mine【答案】D【详解】句意：在去购物中心的路上，我遇到了我的一个朋友。考查介词辨析和双重所有格。on在上；in在里；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。on the way to“在去的路上”，是固定表达；第二空是“单数名词of名词性物主代词”

4、结构。故选D。5This is _ room. Its very nice.ALucys and Lily BLucy and Lilys CLucys and Lilys DLucy and Lily【答案】B【详解】句意：这是露西和莉莉的房间。很漂亮。考查名词所有格。此空修饰名词“room”，要用名词所有格形式，排除D选项。根据“is”及“room”可知，这是Lily和Lucy共有的房间，在最后的人名后加s。故选B。6Would you like some _?Yes, please. I like drinking it.AorangesBbeefCorange【答案】C【详解】句意：你

5、想要一些橙汁吗？是的。我喜欢喝橙汁。考查名词辨析。oranges橙子；beef牛肉；orange橙子，橙汁。根据“drinking”可知，此处表示喝的东西，orange作为“橙汁”是不可数名词，故选C。7I cant learn English well. What should I do?Take it easy. Heres some _ for you.Asuggestion Bsuggestions CadviceDadvices【答案】C【详解】句意：我英语学不好。我该怎么办？ 放轻松。给你一些建议。考查名词辨析。suggestion建议，名词单数；suggestions建议，名词复

6、数；advice建议，不可数名词；advices，不可数名词后不加s，表达错误。根据“Heres somefor you.”可知，此处用不可数名词。故选C。8_ water would you like?Id like three _.AHow many; bottles of watersBHow much; bottle of waterCHow many; bottles of waterDHow much; bottles of water【答案】D【详解】句意：你想要多少水？我想要三瓶水。考查特殊疑问句和不可数名词的数的表达。how many多少，修饰复数名词；how much多少，

7、修饰不可数名词。water是不可数名词，提问应用how much，排除A/C选项，表示“三瓶水”用结构three bottles of water。故选D。9Lets have sandwiches for lunch! Do you like some _ in your sandwich? No, I dont like it.AeggsBbutterCtomatoesDchickens【答案】B【详解】句意：午餐吃三明治吧！你喜欢在三明治里加黄油吗？不，我不喜欢。考查名词用法。eggs鸡蛋（可数名词复数）；butter黄油（不可数名词）；tomatoes西红柿（可数名词复数）；chick

8、ens小鸡（可数名词复数）。根据“some”及“it”可知此处应填不可数名词。故选B。10There is a lot of _ in the south of China in autumn.ArainBrainyCrainingDrains【答案】A【详解】句意：中国南方秋天雨水多。考查词义辨析。rain下雨（动词原形），雨（名词）；rainy多雨的（形容词）；raining下雨（动名词或现在分词）；rains下雨（动词三单）。分析句子结构可知，此空是在句中作主语，应填名词rain，故选A。11_ that pair of _ a little cheaper?AIs；scissor BA

9、re； scissor CIs； scissors DAre； scissors【答案】C【详解】句意：那把剪刀更便宜一点吗？考查名词单复数的使用。根据题干可知，that pair of意为“那双”，修饰名词时，中心词为pair，因此be动词使用is；scissor表示“剪刀”，用复数形式。故选C。12The East Lake has become very dirty. _ fish have died.AA lotBMuchCLot ofDMany【答案】D【详解】句意：东湖变得很脏。许多鱼死了。考查名词的修饰词。A lot“很多”，修饰动词；Much“很多”，修饰不可数名词；Lot o

10、f是错误表达；Many“许多”，修饰可数名词复数。 “fish”表示鱼的数量时，为可数名词，且fish单复数同形，故此处要用Many修饰。故选D。 13Look! There is a rabbit, two _ and two _ in the picture.Acows; sheeps Bmice; tiger Cfoxes; wolves Dfoxes; tiger【答案】C【详解】句意：看！图片上有一只兔子、两只狐狸和两只狼。考查名词的数。两个空格前分别是基数词two，所以两个空处都应填可数名词复数，选项A中sheep“绵羊”的复数为sheep，不是sheeps，故排除A；选项B、D中

11、tiger“老虎”是单数名词，其复数为tigers，故排除B、D；故选C。14Will you take part in the school sports meet?Yes, the _ race.Aboys 100-meterBboys 100-meterCboys 100 meters【答案】A【详解】句意：你将要参加学校运动会吗？是的，男子100米跑。考查名词所有格。参加比赛的男孩有很多，用复数形式，其所有格为boys；“100米的”是复合形容词，中间加连字符。故选A。15Is the bank far from here, Mr. Lin?No, its only _ walk.Af

12、ive minute Bfive minutes Cfive minutes Dfive minutes【答案】D【详解】句意：林先生，银行离这儿远吗？不，只有五分钟的步行路程。考查名词所有格。five minute表达错误；five minutes五分钟；five minutes表达错误；five minutes五分钟的。此处修饰名词walk，所以应用名词所有格作定语，故选D。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空16Who would like more (sandwich)? They taste delicious.【答案】sandwiches【详解】句意：谁想要再来点三明治？它们很好吃。“mo

13、re”修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，提示词为sandwich“三明治”，为可数名词，且sandwich复数形式加-es。故填sandwiches。17In the Summer Palace, I met a (travel) from Singapore.【答案】traveler/traveller【详解】句意：在颐和园中，我遇到了一个来自新加坡的游客。travel“旅游”，根据“I met a.from Singapore.”可知，是遇到了一个来自新加坡的游客，“a”后面接可数名词单数形式，traveler/traveller“游客”。故填traveler/traveller。18I ha

14、ve two (dictionary)one is for Chinese, and the other is for English.【答案】dictionaries【详解】句意：我有两本字典，一本是中文的，另一本是英文的。根据two可知，此空应填名词复数，故填dictionaries。19The babys (foot) are small.【答案】feet【详解】句意：这个婴儿的脚是小的。根据are可知，此空应填复数形式feet，故填feet。20I think Mr. Li is one of the most talented (magic) in China.【答案】magicia

15、ns【详解】句意：我认为李先生是中国中最有天赋的魔术师之一。此空表示“魔术师”，英文为magician，且由one of+名词复数，故填magicians。21We will go to (grandparent) house tonight.【答案】grandparents【详解】句意：今晚我们将要去爷爷奶奶家。根据“ house tonight”可知，此处修饰house，应用名词所有格，且爷爷奶奶应当是先变复数，再变所有格。故填grandparents。22Are the umbrellas behind the door those (visit)?Im not sure. Ill as

16、k them later.【答案】visitors【详解】句意：门后面的伞是那些来访者的吗？我不确定。我一会儿再问他们。those后跟名词复数，visit的名词形式是visitors。结合语境可知，此处指“伞是来访者的吗”，所以空处用复数名词的所有格形式visitors指代“来访者的伞”。故填visitors。23Those beautiful handbags are the presidents (wife).【答案】wives【详解】句意：那些漂亮的手提包是总统们的妻子的。wife“妻子”，可数名词，由“presidents”可知，应用其复数形式。此处指包是妻子们的，空格后没有名词，故用

17、所有格表所属关系。故填wives。24They bought some (potato) at the supermarket yesterday. 【答案】potatoes【详解】句意：他们昨天在超市买了一些土豆。some修饰potato的复数形式，故填potatoes。25There are some (different) between our Spring Festival couplets(春联) and theirs. Theirs are more interesting.【答案】differences【详解】句意：我们的春联和他们的春联有一些不同。他们的更有趣。differe

18、nt是形容词，some后应用difference“不同之处”的复数名词，故填differences。一、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。What would the future life be like? I think we can travel 1 and more safely in many places even into space. Maybe one day we can work in Beijing, sleep-in-Chengdu and visit the moon for a 2 .We will have new

19、 energy (能源) and it doesnt make 3 . Possibly, people will find ways to use cleaner things, such as sea water 4 polluting the earth.We will have machines that can copy 5 in the future. Put a cake on the machine and it will make a new one. We can 6 food and present to our friends easily.We will have c

20、lever 7 that work for us. And the robots can bring us useful things and 8 our rubbish. Now we have to press a key (按键) or type a word to make a machine work. But in the future, 9 we think of something, the machine can make it for us. The machine can understand our ideas.We can go into computer games

21、 and films, and everything will feel 10 . We can make our homes like forests or sunny beaches or anything we want. Maybe, one day we can collect (收集) our dreams and put our dreams on DVDs.1AfasterBharderCmore slowly2AjobBholidayCprize3ApollutionBsoundCfriend4AfromBforCwithout5AsomethingBeverythingCn

22、othing6ArememberBinviteCsend7AcomputersBrobotsCmachines8Atake awayBtake offCtake up9AbecauseBsoCif10ArealBimportantCnecessary【参考答案】1A 2B 3A 4C 5B 6C 7B 8A 9C 10A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了未来生活的样态。【详情解析】1句意：我认为我们可以在许多地方更快、更安全地旅行，甚至进入太空。faster更快；harder更努力；more slowly更慢。由“more safely”可知，此处是比较级，表示“更快地旅行”。故选A

23、。2句意：也许有一天我们可以在北京工作，在成都睡觉，去月球度假。job工作；holiday假期；prize奖项。由“visit the moon”可知，此处表示“度假”。故选B。3句意：我们将有新能源，它不会产生污染。pollution污染；sound声音；friend朋友。由下句“polluting the earth”可知，此处表示“污染的问题”，这里表示“新能源不会产生污染”。故选A。4句意：也许，人们会找到使用更清洁的东西的方法，比如不污染地球的海水。from从；for为了；without没有。此处缺少介词，由上句“use cleaner things”可知，此处表示“不污染地球”。故

24、选C。5句意：将来我们将拥有可以复制一切的机器。something某物；everything每件事；nothing没有事。由下句“Put a cake on the machine and it will make a new one.”可知，如果把蛋糕放进机器里，它就能做出一个新的，此处表示“能复制一切的机器”。故选B。6句意：我们可以很容易给我们的朋友送食物和礼物。remember记住；invite邀请；send发送。由上句“it will make a new one”可知，此处表示做出一个新的蛋糕，所以送给朋友食物和礼物很容易，send sth to sb“把某物送给某人”为固定搭配。

25、故选C。7句意：我们将有聪明的机器人为我们工作。computers电脑；robots机器人；machines机器人。由下句“the robots can bring us useful things”可知，此处表示机器人。故选B。8句意：机器人可以给我们带来有用的东西，带走我们的垃圾。take away带走；take off脱下；take up开始。由“bring us useful things”可知，此处表示“带来有用的东西”，此处表示“带走垃圾”，形成呼应。故选A。9句意：但在未来，如果我们想到什么，机器可以为我们制造出来。because因为；so所以；if如果。由“the machin

26、e can make it for us”可知，此处表示“如果我们想到了什么”。故选C。10句意：我们可以进入电脑游戏和电影，一切都会感觉真实。real真的；important重要的；necessary必要的。由“We can go into computer games and films”可知，我们能进入电脑游戏和电影里，此处表示“感觉真实”。故选A。二、阅读单选Welcome to life in the future! You get up in the morning and look into the mirror. Youve recently had a new anti-ag

27、ing treatment, so you look like a 30-year-old. And many people of your age could live to be 120 now, so at 60 youre not old at all.Science has also found amazing ways to keep people healthy. Nanotechnology（纳米技术） can help cure（治愈） many illnesses, including cancer. And if any part of your body is unhe

28、althy, you can “grow” a new one in a laboratory（实验室）.On the way to the kitchen, you want to call a friend. Your cell phone is by the window because it gets its energy（电量） from the sun. But you dont need to pick up the phone. You can just touch your jacket sleeve to make the call.Its breakfast time.

29、You reach for the milk, but a voice says, “Dont drink that!” Your fridge knows the milk is old, and tells the supermarket to replace it. Ten minutes later, its delivered by a drone（无人机）.As you leave for work, the lights turn off by themselves. Your home goes into “sleep” mode to save energy.Will all

30、 this come true? Perhaps the future is much closer than we think.11What does the writer say about aging in the future?AAnti-aging treatment will be dangerous.BPeople cant live to be 120.CAge 60 will not be old.12What is NOT mentioned（提及） as a reason people are healthier in the future?ASerious illnes

31、ses have been cured.BRobot doctors work in hospitals.CNew body parts can be grown in a laboratory.13In paragraph 3, it refers to _.Ayour cell phoneByour jacketCthe computer14In paragraph 4, _ says, “Dont drink that!”.Athe supermarketBthe fridgeCthe drone15What is the best title of the reading?ASave

32、EnergyBHave a Healthy LifeCThe Life in the Future【参考答案】11C 12B 13A 14B 15C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，畅想了未来生活中的抗衰老技术、纳米医疗、高科技手机以及智能家居。【详情解析】11细节理解题。根据“And many people of your age could live to be 120 now, so at 60 youre not old at all.”可知，你这个年龄段的一些人现在可能能活到120岁，所以60岁的你根本不老。故选C。12细节理解题。根据“Nanotechnology can help c

33、ure many illnesses, including cancer. And if any part of your body is unhealthy, you can grow a new one in a laboratory.”可知，纳米技术可以帮助治疗很多疾病，例如癌症。并且，如果你的身体任何部位不健康，你可以在实验室“培养”一个新的。选项A和C都被提到。故选B。13推理判断题。根据“Your cell phone is by the window because it gets its energy from the sun.”可知，你的手机放在窗边，因为它从太阳光中获取能量。它指的是手机。故选A。14推理判断题。根据“Your fridge knows the milk is old, and tells the supermarket to replace it.”可知，你的冰箱知道牛奶过期了，并且告知超市更换。所以，声音是来自冰箱。故选B。15标题归纳题。本文通篇介绍未来的高科技生活。故选C。1、今天是否更清楚地掌握名词的用法？Yes No 2、 名词的用法知道多少？_