2022届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 21 社会热点问题训练（含解析）北师大版.doc

1、社会热点问题课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)harmfulvirus delicious appropriate balanced necessary nutrition disease energetic mental vitamin fresh maintain physician healthy cure suffer diagnosis lifestyle reduce (二)主题词汇训练.选词填空(有两词多余)physician， maintain， nutrition， necessary， appropriate

2、， disease， virus， fresh， vitamin， delicious 1The car has been well maintained and is in good condition.2However, in terms of nutrition,_fast food is far from satisfactory.3Once you have removed the virus it is safe to reconnect to the Internet.4Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking ca

3、n lead to many diseases.5As soon as the fresh vegetables come in, we put them on sale.6This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods, which often contain more vitamins than human food.7Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.8Appropriate arrangements will be m

4、ade for their work and livelihood.单句语法填空1Stress can be extremely harmful (harm) to your health.Exercise, meanwhile, can reduce its bad effects.2Youd better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.3We need to be more energetic (energy) in participating in social activities.4To b

5、e mentally (mental) healthy, you need to build up good relationships with each other.5Physically active children are more likely to become active and healthy (health) adults.6John Snow was a famous doctor in London so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician (physics

6、)7People exposed to radiation are more likely to suffer from certain forms of cancer, which cant be_cured (cure) at present.8The number of people suffering from heart disease will be_reduced (reduce) if they are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解AWhat do you hope to be doing a

7、t 80? Most of us imagine a slower pace of life. Not so for Beate Howitt. Her 80th year has marked the start of a new career the octogenarian (八十多岁的) grandmother recently landed her first modelling contract.“Its thrilling，” says Beate. “Ive always dreamed of being a model.Of course, part of me was su

8、rprised that anyone wanted to see this old face. But Ive never thought of myself as getting older. I always live in the moment. Now a whole new chapter of life is opening up.”In a stroke of fate that proves its “never too late”， Beate was spotted while out shopping last year in Oxford, where she liv

9、es. Now, ten years after retiring from a teaching career, she has been signed by the London agency MOT Models. And, while this newfound success may have arrived late, it is the realisation of a lifelong ambition: Beate first dreamed of working as a model more than 65 years ago when she was a teenage

10、r.“I wanted to be a model when I was young，” she says. “The New Look was in fashion then and my icon was British model Barbara Goalen. I followed her work and cut out everything I could find about her in magazines and stuck it in a book. I looked at pictures of her wearing Dior and dreamed of being

11、paid to wear beautiful clothes like she was.”Nearly seven decades on from those childhood aspirations (愿望), Beate naturally assumed that door was firmly closed. Few people start a new career in their ninth decade, let alone in fashion modelling.“It happened out of the blue，” says Beate.“I was shoppi

12、ng in Oxford in October, looking for a present for my niece, and I found this wonderful shop full of silk scarves. When I was paying, the manager asked if I would take part in a charity fashion show. I was a little nervous, but am rather vain and loved the idea of being on a catwalk.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。B

13、eate 80多岁的时候偶然得到做模特的机会，实现了自己年轻的梦想。1What happened to Beate Howitt recently?AShe started a carefree life.BShe abandoned teaching.CShe took early retirement.DShe achieved her childhood dream.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Beate 80多岁的时候实现了自己年幼时的梦想，成为了一名模特。2Which of the following can best describe Beate Howitt?A

14、Humorous and devoted.BCharming but stubborn.CConsistent and ambitious.DGenerous but conservative.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可以推断，尽管年岁已高，但Beate对自己的理想没有放弃过，始终如一，并且有志向。3What does the text intend to convey?AIts never too late to start over.BHe who laughs last laughs best.CActions speak louder than words.DIt t

15、akes all sorts to make a world.解析：选A主旨大意题。根据第三段中“In a stroke of fate that proves its never too late”及最后一段最后一句可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是想告诉我们：做自己喜欢的事情，什么时候都不晚。B(2021太原质检)Many of us have had this experience: we lie down in a bed other than our own, perhaps at a friends house or in a hotel room, and find it diffic

16、ult or impossible to fall asleep.Is it because the bed is uncomfortable? Maybe, but perhaps there can be other reasons.According to a new study published in Current Biology, a significant reason is what the scientists call “first night effect”They believe that one side of the brain acts as a “night

17、watch” to warn us about potential dangers.It forces us to stay awake on the first night in a new environment. For the study, 35 young volunteers were asked to sleep in a sleep lab for several days.Meanwhile, researchers watched their brain activities.According to the researchers, on their first nigh

18、t, the left brains were more active than the right brains and people had a hard time sleeping.However, leftbrain activity decreased as days went by, falling even to the point of complete calm.In this process, the participants got an increasingly better sleep experience.The findings suggest that the

19、different rhythms of the sides of the brain affect our sleep.When the two sides work differently, the balance between them is broken.Thus, the brain cant relax and is sensitive to anything strange in the surroundings, just as it is in daytime.“At some level, the brain is continuing to analyze things

20、, even though you are not aware of the analysis，” US professor Jerome Siegel told Smithsonian Magazine.“If something unusual happens if a door opens or you hear a key in a lock you can be alert, even though the intensity of the stimulus is quite low.”More surprisingly, this phenomenon is similar to

21、the way some animals sleep.Whales, dolphins, and many birds can sleep with half of their brain while the other half stays awake, with its corresponding eye staying open.The researchers think that it is the result of evolution, and works to protect us in potentially dangerous environments.If you have

22、 ever had what you think is“first night effect”， researchers suggest that you bring your own pillow or sleep in a room similar to your bedroom next time you sleep away from home.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“第一晚效应”对我们的影响及其产生的原因。4What did the new study published in Current Biology find?AA comfortable bed could

23、 help people sleep well in a new environment.BMost people could sleep well in a new environment after the first night.CBrain activities affected peoples sleep in a new environment.DThe right brain determined how well people slept in a new environment.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，发表在当代生物学杂志上的一项新研究发现大脑活动影响人们

24、在新环境中的睡眠。5What was found out about the volunteers?ATheir left brains were more active on the first night.BTheir right brains became more active as days went by.CTheir right brains kept them awake the whole night.DThey slept better in the sleep lab than at home.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，研究发现志愿者的左脑在第一个晚上更

25、加活跃。6What do the researchers think makes the brain sensitive to new things?AThe bad sleep experiences people have had.BThe tiredness that people suffer from in daytime.CThe imbalance between the two sides of the brain.DThe strangeness of the things that people come across.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知，大脑两侧的

26、不平衡使大脑对新事物敏感。7What do the researchers think of “first night effect”？AIt has evolved as a way to protect us.BIts a characteristic that animals dont have.CIts completely different from the way animals sleep.DIt helps people to get used to new environments quickly.解析：选A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，研究人员认为“第一晚效应”已

27、经演变成一种保护我们的方式。.语法填空Summer was supposed to be free _1_ worries for a high school graduate like me. No studying or homework till college. I even had a good job so I could go off with some money in my pocket.But one afternoon everything changed._2_ (see) Mums car shining like diamonds in the burning su

28、n, I got in and started it. Then everything went black. When I opened my eyes, I found myself lying in bed in hospital, _3_ (able) to move. I was _4_ (blame) for the accident. Witnesses had seen me make a left turn on Route 37 right into the path of a truck going 60 miles per hour.I _5_ (knock) unco

29、nscious.About a week after I left the hospital, Mum and I went to see her car, _6_ was completely destroyed. “Its just a car，” Mum said.“Whats important _7_ (be) that youre okay. Everyones okay.” Mothers words only added to my _8_ (guilty). I held back tears.After the accident, the judge had me atte

30、nd a community class on road safety and write _9_ essay about how I could improve my driving. Both helped me a lot. By the time I left for college, I knew I was _10_ (full) prepared for the big world out there, because I would be more careful.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。高中毕业即将上大学的作者在经历了一场车祸后吸取了教训：做任何事情都要小心谨慎。1of/

31、from考查介词。be free of/from 意为“不受影响”。2Seeing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该空作状语；逻辑主语I与see之间是主动关系，故填动词ing形式。3unable考查形容词。根据句意可知，表示“不能移动”需用able的反义词unable。4to blame考查不定式。be to blame常用主动形式表示被动含义，意思是“应受责备，应负责任”。5was knocked考查时态和语态。主语I是谓语动词动作knock的承受者，应用被动语态；这里是描述过去的事情，故用一般过去时。6which考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，该空所在部分作定语，该空指代先行词her c

32、ar, 引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，故填which。7is考查时态和主谓一致。这里说的是一般性道理，用一般现在时；主语从句Whats important是单数概念，故谓语动词用单数。8guilt考查名词。本空前有物主代词my修饰，故用guilty的名词形式guilt。9an考查冠词。此处用不定冠词an修饰可数名词essay，表示“一篇”。10fully考查副词。空处在句中修饰谓语动词，需用full的副词形式。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)refresh infection painful fitness pres

33、cription recovery digest obesity allergy precaution immunity circulation poisonous symptom physical depression stress anxiety positive emotion (二)主题词汇训练.单句语法填空1Applying for jobs can be a long and painful (pain) process.2People tend to catch all kinds of infections (infect) in winter.3Ways must be fo

34、und to prevent the poisonous (poison) gases from polluting the air.4I like cats but unfortunately Im allergic (allergy) to them.5The old coins have been withdrawn from circulation (circulate)6Only in this way can the children grow up mentally and physically (physical) healthy.7The doctor said her fa

35、ther would recover soon and we wish her father would make a full recovery (recover) from the operation.8During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness (fit) programmes has increased sharply.写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思1It would be a wise precaution to lock all the doors. 预防2

36、I think Ill just refresh myself with a cup of tea before I go to meet the children. 恢复精神3The physician made a prescription against seasickness for him. 处方4As we all know, fats are hard to digest. 消化5Obesity is a problem for many people in the world nowadays. 肥胖6This vaccine will give you immunity fo

37、r two years. 免疫7If the symptoms continue, it is important to go to your doctor. 症状8When we feel anger, we bury the emotion and feel guilty instead. 情绪9If youre worried about your health, share your anxieties with your doctor. 忧虑10She suffered from severe depression after losing her job. 抑郁二、主题语篇押题练.

38、阅读理解You might have seen those popular videos of individuals or even families who can fit an entire years worth of trash into a tiny jar. By trying to ensure that everything purchased is recycled or reused, followers of the zerowaste movements are struggling to avoid creating any trash that will end

39、up in landfills (垃圾清理场)But reduced waste isnt the only result of being mindful of your consumption it creates a cleaner world and life.The main rule of a zerowaste lifestyle is creating as little trash as possible. And how do we produce trash？Through our purchases. Whether its a cute cup or the newe

40、st phone, were constantly bombed by messages to buy, buy, buy. Every time you feel the urge to buy something, just wait. Chances are if you wait and dont give in to your fear of missing out, youll realize you dont actually need or even want whatever you were about to buy.Fewer purchases mean more mo

41、ney in the bank, more financial security, and the opportunity to go on that longdesired vacation or take that class youve been dreaming about. Twenty years from now, you wont remember a random pair of shoes or why you needed a newer smart watch, but you will remember a family road trip, the artist t

42、hat taught you how to paint, and the friends you made in that creative writing class.A zerowaste lifestyle can also increase independence and awareness. Its far more difficult to impulsively (冲动地) buy a Tshirt from a fast fashion chain when you know that theyre manufactured in unsafe factories, wher

43、e workers wages keep them below the poverty line. At the same time, buying something handcrafted connects you to the person who made it, since its a product born of passion and skill.Putting experiences and people before possessions will shift (转移) your focus from ownership to relationships. Being m

44、ore careful with the items you own so that you can use them for longer also teaches you how to be more mindful of others and their needs.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了零浪费的生活方式，这种方式不仅省钱，更重要的是让我们从关注物质到追求精神满足。1What should we do when we feel the urge to buy something?ASave enough money for it.BOvercome our fear of

45、 missing out.CWait to see whether we really need it.DTry to get something more fashionable.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知，当我们有买什么东西的冲动时，作者建议我们要“等待”，考虑我们是否真的需要这个东西。2What does the author advise us to do?ATry different careers.BPurchase less, live rich.CMake friends with an artist.DBuy the latest electronics.

46、解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，作者建议我们少买东西，去追求高品质的精神生活。3Why should we buy something handcrafted according to the author?AIts more meaningful.BIts worth a lot of money.CIt can give you a good memory.DIt can help people out of poverty.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，作者建议我们去买手工做的东西，原因是手工做的东西可以让我们跟制作者产生联系，并且这些东西承载了艺术家的感情与技

47、艺，会更有意义。4What would be the best title for the text?AThe harm of impulsive purchasesBThe importance of recyclingCLiving a zerowaste lifestyleDLearning to spend wisely解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍零浪费的生活方式及其意义。故C项适合作本文标题。.阅读七选五You may have heard of the word “pub”It is short for public house.There are around

48、 60,000 pubs in the UK.One of the oldest pubs, Ye Olde Fighting Cocks in St.Albans, Hertfordshire, is located in a building that dates back to the eleventh century. _1_ People talk, eat, drink, meet their friends and relax there.Pubs often have two bars, one usually quieter than the other, and many

49、have a garden where people can sit in summer.Children can go into pub gardens with their parents.Groups of friends normally buy “rounds” of drinks. _2_ It is sometimes difficult to get served when pubs are busy: The bar staff will usually serve those who have been waiting the longest at the bar firs

50、t.Most pubs offer a complete range of beers, local and imported, with German, Belgian and French beers being in demand. _3_ As a matter of fact, pubs sell soft drinks, too.The legal age to purchase alcohol is 18 in the UK.People aged 16 and 17, with the licenses permission, may have only one glass o

51、f wine during a meal. _4_ It is illegal to sell alcohol to someone who already appears drunk.A fourteenyearold may enter a pub unaccompanied by an adult if he orders a meal.Children may enter a pub with their parents until 9 pm., which lets families enjoy reasonably priced pub meals together. _5_Cus

52、toms in British pubs differ from those in American bars.In most pubs in the UK., you must go to the bar to order drinks and food and pay for your purchases immediately.ABritish people like drinking beers in pubs.BPubs are an important part of British life.CBut they must be with an adult and the adul

53、t orders it.DIn the salon bar the atmosphere is quieter and there are fewer people.EAnd it also allows pubs to play their traditional roles as community centers.EMost people might think pubs are places where people simply drink alcohol.GThe person whose turn it is will buy drinks for all the members

54、 of the group.1选B空处为段落主题句。根据空后一句可知，英国人的生活离不开酒馆，因此B项“酒馆在英国人的生活中扮演着重要的角色”能够概括本段。2选G根据空前一句可知，一群朋友通常会轮流买酒。所以G选项“轮到谁，谁就要为这群朋友里的每个成员买酒”符合语境，且与前文话题一致。3选F下文提到酒馆也销售不含酒精的饮料。故F项“大多数人可能认为酒吧只是人们喝酒的地方”承接下文，符合语境。4选C空前一句提到，16岁和17岁的孩子在有许可证的情况下，(在酒吧)一顿饭只能喝一杯葡萄酒；再结合下文中的“unaccompanied by an adult”可推知，C项“但是他们得有成年人陪伴而且由成

55、年人点酒”与前文为转折关系，符合语境。5选E空处为段落结尾句。根据空前内容可知，孩子可以和父母在酒吧待到晚上9点，这让家人可以享受定价合理的晚餐。故E选项“它还允许酒吧发挥其作为社区中心的传统作用”承接上文，符合语境。.短文改错Dear Peter，I am writing to tell you an absolutely wonderful news. Our school photography club is to hold an International Student Photography Exhibition, its theme is environmental prote

56、ction. The exhibition will last three weeks. Those who is interested can sign up at the Student Union.As far as I am concerned, particularly keen in taking photos, you are always having the desire do something for the environment. Which impresses me most are the photos you took while you visit the p

57、ark. Why not show it to everyone at the exhibition? You can definitely make the different, calling on people to devote themselves to protect the environment. I would be more than delighted if you could join us.Yours，Li Hua答案：第一句：去掉an第二句：its前加and或itswhose第四句：isare第五句：inon; desire后加to第六句：WhichWhat; visitvisited第七句：itthem第八句：differentdifference; protectprotecting